The linear perspective information in ground surface representation and distance judgment

Perception and Psychophysics

Volumn 69, Issue 5, 2007, Pages 654-672

  Wu, Bing ^a   He, Zijiang J ^a   Ooi, Teng Leng ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LOUISVILLE   (United States)

^b PENNSYLVANIA COLLEGE OF OPTOMETRY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 34648828889     PISSN: 00315117     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3758/BF03193769     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. ANDERSEN, G. J., BRAUNSTEIN, M. L., & SAIDPOUR, A. (1998). The perception of depth and slant from texture in three-dimensional scenes. Perception, 27, 1087-1106.
2. BIAN, Z., BRAUNSTEIN, M. L., & ANDERSEN, G. J. (2005). The ground dominance effect in the perception of 3-D layout. Perception & Psychophysics, 67, 802-815.
3. BLESSING, W. W., LANDAUER, A. A., & COLTHEART, M. (1967). The effect of false perspective cues on distance and size judgments: An examination of the invariance hypotheses. American Journal of Psychology, 80, 250-256.
4. BRAUNSTEIN, M. L., & PAYNE, J. W. (1969). Perspective and form ratio as determinants of relative slant judgments. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 81, 584-590.
5. BRINGOUX, L., TAMURA, K., FALDON, M., GRESTY, M. A., & BRONSTEIN, A. M. (2004). Influence of whole-body pitch tilt and kinesthetic cues on the perceived gravity-referenced eye level. Experimental Brain Research, 155, 385-392.
6. COHEN, M. M. (1973). Elevator illusion: Influences of otolith organ activity and neck proprioception. Perception & Psychophysics, 14, 401-406.
7. CREEM-REGEHR, S. H., WILLEMSEN, P., GOOCH, A. A., & THOMPSON, W. B. (2005). The influence of restricted viewing conditions on egocentric distance perception: Implications for real and virtual indoor environments. Perception, 34, 191-204.
8. CUTTING, J. E., & MILLARD, R. T. (1984). Three gradients and the perception of flat and curved surfaces. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 113, 198-216.
9. CUTTING, J. E., & VISHTON, P. M. (1995). Perceiving layout and knowing distances: The integration, relative potency, and contextual use of different information about depth. In W. Epstein & S. J. Rogers (Eds.), Perception of space and motion (Handbook of Perception and Cognition, 2nd ed., pp. 69-117). San Diego: Academic Press.
10. EBY, D. W., & LOOMIS, J. M. (1987). A study of visually directed throwing in the presence of multiple distance cues. Perception & Psychophysics, 41, 308-312.
11. ELLIOTT, D. (1987). Continuous visual information may be important after all: A failure to replicate Thomson (1983). Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception & Performance, 12, 388-391.
12. FERIA, C. S., BRAUNSTEIN, M. L., & ANDERSEN, G. J. (2003). Judging distance across texture discontinuities. Perception, 32, 1423-1440.
13. GIBSON, J. J. (1950). The perception of the visual world. Boston: Hough-ton Mifflin.
14. GIBSON, J. J. (1979). The ecological approach to visual perception. Hills-dale, NJ: Erlbaum.
15. GILLAM, B. J. (1968). Perception of slant when perspective and stereopsis conflict: Experiments with aniseikonic lenses. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 78, 299-305.
16. GILLAM, B. [J.] (1970). Judgments of slant on the basis of foreshortening. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 11, 31-34.
17. GOGEL, W. C., & TIETZ, J. D. (1973). Absolute motion parallax and the specific distance tendency. Perception & Psychophysics, 13, 284-292.
18. HE, Z. J., & OOI, T. L. (2000). Perceiving binocular depth with reference to a common surface. Perception, 29, 1313-1334.
19. HE, Z. J., WU, B., OOI, T. L., YARBROUGH, G., & WU, J. (2004). Judging egocentric distance on the ground: Occlusion and surface integration. Perception, 33, 789-806.
20. LAPPIN, J. S., SHELTON, A. L., & RIESER, J. J. (2006). Environmental context influences visually perceived distance. Perception & Psychophysics, 68, 571-581.
21. LI, W., & MATIN, L. (1996). Visually perceived eye level is influenced identically by lines from erect and pitched planes. Perception, 25, 831-852.
22. LOOMIS, J. M., DA SILVA, J. A., FUJITA, N., & FUKUSIMA, S. S. (1992). Visual space perception and visually directed action. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception & Performance, 18, 906-921.
23. LOOMIS, J. M., DA SILVA, J. A., PHILBECK, J. W., & FUKUSIMA, S. S. (1996). Visual perception of location and distance. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 5, 72-77.
24. MADISON, C., THOMPSON, W., KERSTEN, D., SHIRLEY, P., & SMITS, B. (2001). Use of interreflection and shadow for surface contact. Perception & Psychophysics, 63, 187-194.
25. MATIN, L., & LI, W. (1994). Spatial summation among coextensive and parallel line segments across wide separations (50°): Egocentric localization and the Great Circle Model. Vision Research, 34, 2577-2598.
26. MATIN, L., & LI, W. (1995). Multimodal basis for egocentric spatial localization and orientation. Journal of Vestibular Research, 5, 499-518.
27. MATIN, L., & LI, W. (2001). Neural model for processing the influence of visual orientation on visually perceived eye level (VPEL). Vision Research, 41, 2845-2872.
28. MCCARLEY, J. S., & HE, Z. J. (2000). Asymmetry in 3-D perceptual organization: Ground-like surface superior to ceiling-like surface. Perception & Psychophysics, 62, 540-549.
29. MCCARLEY, J. S., & HE, Z. J. (2001). Sequential priming of 3-D perceptual organization. Perception & Psychophysics, 63, 195-208.
30. MENG, J. C., & SEDGWICK, H. A. (2001). Distance perception mediated through nested contact relations among surfaces. Perception & Psychophysics, 63, 1-15.
31. MENG, J. C., & SEDGWICK, H. A. (2002). Distance perception across spatial discontinuities. Perception & Psychophysics, 64, 1-14.
32. NI, R., BRAUNSTEIN, M. L., & ANDERSEN, G. J. (2004). Perception of scene layout from optical contact, shadows and motion. Perception, 33, 1305-1318.
33. OOI, T. L., & HE, Z. J. (2006). Localizing suspended objects in the intermediate distance range (>2 meters) by observers with normal and abnormal binocular vision [Abstract]. Journal of Vision, 6(6), 422a. Retrieved June 2, 2007, from www.journalofvision.org/6/6/ 422/.
34. OOI, T. L., & HE, Z. J. (2007). A distance judgment function based on space perception mechanisms: Revisiting Gilinsky's (1951) equation. Psychological Review, 114, 441-454.
35. OOI, T. L., WU, B., & HE, Z. J. (2001). Distance determined by the angular declination below the horizon. Nature, 414, 197-200.
36. OOI, T. L., WU, B., & HE, Z. J. (2006). Perceptual space in the dark affected by the intrinsic bias of the visual system. Perception, 35, 605-624.
37. PHILBECK, J. W., & LOOMIS, J. M. (1997). Comparison of two indicators of perceived egocentric distance under full-cue and reduced-cue conditions. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception & Performance, 23, 72-85.
38. POST, R. B., & WELCH, R. B. (1996). The role of retinal versus perceived size in the effects of pitched displays on visually perceived eye level. Perception, 25, 853-859.
39. PURDY, W. C. (1960). The hypothesis of psychophysical correspondence in space perception (GE Tech. Info. Series, No. R60ELC56). Ithaca, NY: General Electric Advanced Electronics Center.
40. RIESER, J. J., ASHMEAD, D. H., TALOR, C. R., & YOUNGQUIST, G. A. (1990). Visual perception and the guidance of locomotion without vision to previously seen targets. Perception, 19, 675-689.
41. ROSINSKI, R. R., & LEVINE, N. P. (1976). Texture gradient effectiveness in the perception of surface slant. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 22, 261-271.
42. SAUER, C. W., BRAUNSTEIN, M. L., ANDERSEN, G. J., & BIAN, Z. (2001). Judged shape of ground plane regions in realistic 3-D scenes [Abstract]. Journal of Vision, 1(3), 41a. Retrieved Oct. 2, 2006, from www.joumalofvision.org/1/3/41/.
43. SEDGWICK, H. A. (1973). The visible horizon: A potential source of visual information for the perception of size and distance. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.
44. SEDGWICK, H. A. (1983). Environment-centered representation of spatial layout: Available visual information from texture and perspective. In J. Beck, B. Hope, & A. Rosenfeld (Eds.), Human and machine vision (pp. 425-458). New York: Academic Press.
45. SEDGWICK, H. A. (1986). Space perception. In K. R. Boff, L. Kaufman, Sc J. P. Thomas (Eds.), Handbook of perception and human performance: Vol. 1. Sensory processes and perception (pp. 21.1-21.57). New York: Wiley.
46. SINAI, M. J., OOI, T. L., & HE, Z. J. (1998). Terrain influences the accurate judgement of distance. Nature, 395, 497-500.
47. STOPER, A. E., & COHEN, M. M. (1986). Judgments of eye level in light and in darkness. Perception & Psychophysics, 40, 311-316.
48. STOPER, A. E., & COHEN, M. M. (1989). Effect of structured visual environments on apparent eye level. Perception & Psychophysics, 46, 469-475.
49. THOMSON, J. A. (1983). Is continuous visual monitoring necessary in visually guided locomotion? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception & Performance, 9, 427-443.
50. VOGEL, J. M. & TEGHTSOONIAN, M. (1972). The effects of perspective alterations on apparent size and distance scales. Perception & Psychophysics, 11, 294-298.
51. VREDEMAN DE VRIES, H. (1968). Perspective. New York: Dover. (Original work published 1604)
52. WU, B. (2004). The visual perception of distance in action space. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY.
53. WU, B., HE, Z. J., & OOI, T. L. (2001). Judging absolute distance by relying on linear perspective and texture density cues [Abstract]. Journal of Vision, 1(3), 383a. Retrieved Oct. 2, 2006, from www.journalofvision.org/1/3/383/.
54. WU, B., HE, Z. J., & OOI, T. L. (2007). Inaccurate representation of the ground surface beyond a texture boundary. Perception, 36, 703-721.
55. WU, B., OOI, T. L., & HE, Z. J. (2004). Perceiving distance accurately by a directional process of integrating ground information. Nature, 428, 73-77.
56. WU, J., HE, Z. J., & OOI, T. L. (2003). Vertical and horizontal references determined by linear perspective and optic flow information [Abstract]. Journal of Vision, 3(9), 499a. Retrieved Oct. 2, 2006, from www.journalofvision.org/3/9/499/.
57. WU, J., HE, Z. J., & OOI, T. L. (2004). Stimulus duration and binocular disparity factors in representing the ground surface and localizing object in the intermediate distance range [Abstract]. Journal of Vision, 4(8), 21a. Retrieved Oct. 2, 2006, from www.journalofvision.org/4/8/21/.
58. WU, J., HE, Z. J., & OOI, T. L. (2005). Visually perceived eye level and horizontal midline of the body trunk influenced by optic flow. Perception, 34, 1045-1060.
59. WU, J., HE, Z. J., & OOI, T. L. (2006). The slant of the visual system's intrinsic bias in space perception and its contribution to ground surface representation [Abstract]. Journal of Vision, 6(6), 730a. Retrieved Oct. 2, 2006, from www.journalofvision. org/6/6/730/.