Functional analysis of the human N-acetyltransferase 1 major promoter: Quantitation of tissue expression and identification of critical sequence elements

Drug Metabolism and Disposition

Volumn 35, Issue 9, 2007, Pages 1649-1656

  Husain, Anwar ^a   Zhang, Xiaoyan ^a   Doll, Mark A ^a   States, J Christopher ^a   Barker, David F ^a   Hein, David W ^a  

^a University of Louisville School of Medicine   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACYLTRANSFERASE; LUCIFERASE; N ACYLTRANSFERASE 1; OLIGONUCLEOTIDE; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR AP 1; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR SP1; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ARTICLE; BASE MISPAIRING; CELL STRAIN HEPG2; CELL STRAIN MCF 7; CONTROLLED STUDY; ENZYME ANALYSIS; ENZYME RELEASE; GEL MOBILITY SHIFT ASSAY; GENE MUTATION; GENETIC TRANSFECTION; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROMOTER REGION; PROTEIN FUNCTION; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; REPORTER GENE; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION;

ANIMALS; ARYLAMINE N-ACETYLTRANSFERASE; BASE SEQUENCE; CATTLE; CLONING, MOLECULAR; DATABASES, GENETIC; ELECTROPHORETIC MOBILITY SHIFT ASSAY; EXONS; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, ENZYMOLOGIC; HUMANS; ISOENZYMES; MICE; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; MUTATION; PROMOTER REGIONS (GENETICS); RATS; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; RNA; SPECIES SPECIFICITY; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS;

EID: 34548059291     PISSN: 00909556     EISSN: 1521009X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1124/dmd.107.016485     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Adam PJ, Berry J, Loader JA, Tyson KL, Craggs G, Smith P, De Belin J, Steers G, Pezzella F, Sachsenmeir KF, et al. (2003) Arylamine N-acetyltransferase-1 is highly expressed in breast cancers and conveys enhanced growth and resistance to etoposide in vitro. Mol Cancer Res 1:826-835.
2. Al-Buheissi SZ, Cole KJ, Hewer A, Kumar V, Bryan RL, Hudson DL, Patel HR, Nathan S, Miller RA, and Phillips DH (2006) The expression of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes in human prostate and in prostate epithelial cells (PECs) derived from primary cultures. Prostate 66:876-885.
3. Barker DF, Husain A, Neale JR, Martini BD, Zhang X, Doll MA, States JC, and Hein DW (2006) Functional properties of an alternative, tissue-specific promoter for human arylamine N-acetyltransferase 1. Pharmacogenet Genomics 16:515-525.
4. Bieche I, Girault I, Urbain E, Tozlu S, and Lidereau R (2004) Relationship between intratumoral expression of genes coding for xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes and benefit from adjuvant tamoxifen in estrogen receptor alpha-positive postmenopausal breast carcinoma. Breast Cancer Res 6:R252-R263.
5. Boukouvala S and Fakis G (2005) Arylamine N-acetyltransferases: what we learn from genes and genomes. Drug Metab Rev 37:511-564.
6. Boukouvala S, Price N, Plant KE, and Sim E (2003) Structure and transcriptional regulation of the Nat2 gene encoding for the drug-metabolizing enzyme arylamine N-acetyltransferase type 2 in mice. Biochem J 375:593-602.
7. Bruhn C, Brockmoller J, Cascorbi I, Roots I, and Borchert HH (1999) Correlation between genotype and phenotype of the human arylamine N-acetyltransferase type 1 (NAT1). Biochem Pharmacol 58:1759-1764.
8. Butcher NJ, Arulpragasam A, Goh HL, Davey T, and Minchin RF (2005) Genomic organization of human arylamine N-acetyltransferase type I reveals alternative promoters that generate different 5′-UTR splice variants with altered translational activities. Biochem J 387:119-127.
9. Butcher NJ, Arulpragasam A, and Minchin RF (2004) Proteasomal degradation of N-acetyltransferase 1 is prevented by acetylation of the active site cysteine: a mechanism for the slow acetylator phenotype and substrate-dependent down-regulation. J Biol Chem 279:22131-22137.
10. Butcher NJ, Ilett KF, and Minchin RF (2000) Substrate-dependent regulation of human arylamine N-acetyltransferase-1 in cultured cells. Mol Pharmacol 57:468-473.
11. Butcher NJ, Tetlow NL, Cheung C, Broadhurst GM, and Minchin RF (2007) Induction of human arylamine N-acetyltransferase type I by androgens in human prostate cancer cells. Cancer Res 67:85-92.
12. Carmichael SL, Shaw GM, Yang W, Iovannisci DM, and Lammer E (2006) Risk of limb deficiency defects associated with NAT1, NAT2, GSTT1, GSTM1, and NOS3 genetic variants, maternal smoking, and vitamin supplement intake. Am J Med Genet A 140:1915-1922.
13. Dolled-Filhart M, Ryden L, Cregger M, Jirstrom K, Harigopal M, Camp RL, and Rimm DL (2006) Classification of breast cancer using genetic algorithms and tissue microarrays. Clin Cancer Res 12:6459-6468.
14. Ebisawa T and Deguchi T (1991) Structure and restriction fragment length polymorphism of genes for human liver arylamine N-acetyltransferases. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 177:1252-1257.
15. Ebisawa T, Sasaki Y, and Deguchi T (1995) Complementary DNAs for two arylamine N-acetyltransferases with identical 5′ non-coding regions from rat pineal gland. Eur J Biochem 228:129-137.
16. Fretland AJ, Doll MA, Leff MA, and Hein DW (2001) Functional characterization of nucleotide polymorphisms in the coding region of N-acetyltransferase 1. Pharmacogenetics 11:511-520.
17. Hein DW, Doll MA, Fretland AJ, Leff MA, Webb SJ, Xiao GH, Devanaboyina US, Nangju NA, and Feng Y (2000) Molecular genetics and epidemiology of the NAT1 and NAT2 acetylation polymorphisms. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 9:29-42.
18. Hein DW, Trinidad A, Yerokun T, Ferguson RJ, Kirlin WG, and Weber WW (1988) Genetic control of acetyl coenzyme A-dependent arylamine N-acetyltransferase, hydrazine N-acetyltransferase, and N-hydroxy-arylamine O-acetyltransferase enzymes in C57BL/6J, A/J, AC57F1, and the rapid and slow acetylator A.B6 and B6.A congenic inbred mouse. Drug Metab Dispos 16:341-347.
19. Hickman D, Pope J, Patil SD, Fakis G, Smelt V, Stanley LA, Payton M, Unadkat JD, and Sim E (1998) Expression of arylamine N-acetyltransferase in human intestine. Gut 42:402-409.
20. Ho SN, Hunt HD, Horton RM, Pullen JK, and Pease LR (1989) Site-directed mutagenesis by overlap extension using the polymerase chain reaction. Gene 77:51-59.
21. Husain A, Barker DF, States JC, Doll MA, and Hein DW (2004) Identification of the major promoter and non-coding exons of the human arylamine N-acetyltransferase 1 gene (NAT1). Pharmacogenetics 14:397-406.
22. Husain A, Zhang X, Doll MA, States JC, Barker DF, and Hein DW (2007) Identification of N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) transcription start sites and quantitation of NAT2-specific mRNA in human tissues. Drug Metab Dispos 35:721-727.
23. Ilett KF, Ingram DM, Carpenter DS, Teitel CH, Lang NP, Kadlubar FF, and Minchin RF (1994) Expression of monomorphic and polymorphic N-acetyltransferases in human colon. Biochem Pharmacol 47:914-917.
24. Jensen LE, Hoess K, Mitchell LE, and Whitehead AS (2006) Loss of function polymorphisms in NAT1 protect against spina bifida. Hum Genet 120:52-57.
25. Kawakubo Y, Merk HF, Masaoudi TA, Sieben S, and Blomeke B (2000) N-Acetylation of paraphenylenediamine in human skin and keratinocytes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 292:150-155.
26. Kent WJ (2002) BLAT - the BLAST-like alignment tool. Genome Res 12:656-664.
27. Kent WJ, Sugnet CW, Furey TS, Roskin KM, Pringle TH, Zahler AM, and Haussler D (2002) The human genome browser at UCSC. Genome Res 12:996-1006.
28. Loehle JA, Cornish V, Wakefield L, Doll MA, Neale JR, Zang Y, Sim E, and Hein DW (2006) N-Acetyltransferase (Nat) 1 and 2 expression in Nat2 knockout mice. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 319:724-728.
29. McQueen CA and Chau B (2003) Neonatal ontogeny of murine arylamine N-acetyltransferases: implications for arylamine genotoxicity. Toxicol Sci 73:279-286.
30. Minchin RF, Hanna PE, Dupret JM, Wagner CR, Rodrigues-Lima F and Butcher NJ (2007) Arylamine N-acetyltransferase I. Int J Biochem Cell Biol.
31. Perou CM, Sorlie T, Eisen MB, van de Rijn M, Jeffrey SS, Rees CA, Pollack JR, Ross DT, Johnsen H, Akslen LA, et al. (2000). Molecular portraits of human breast tumours. Nature 406:747-752.
32. Philipsen S and Suske G (1999) A tale of three fingers: the family of mammalian Sp/XKLF transcription factors. Nucleic Acids Res 27:2991-3000.
33. Rodrigues-Lima F and Dupret JM (2004) Regulation of the activity of the human drug metabolizing enzyme arylamine N-acetyltransferase 1: role of genetic and nongenetic factors. Curr Pharm Des 10:2519-2524.
34. Smelt VA, Upton A, Adjaye J, Payton MA, Boukouvala S, Johnson N, Mardon HJ, and Sim E (2000) Expression of arylamine N-acetyltransferases in pre-term placentas and in human pre-implantation embryos. Hum Mol Genet 9:1101-1107.
35. Sorlie T, Tibshirani R, Parker J, Hastie T, Marron JS, Nobel A, Deng S, Johnsen H, Pesich R, Geisler S, et al. (2003) Repeated observation of breast tumor subtypes in independent gene expression data sets. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 100:8418-8423.
36. Sugamori KS, Wong S, Gaedigk A, Yu V, Abramovici H, Rozmahel R, and Grant DM (2003) Generation and functional characterization of arylamine N-acetyltransferase Nat1/Nat2 double-knockout mice. Mol Pharmacol 64:170-179.
37. Tozlu S, Girault I, Vacher S, Vendrell J, Andrieu C, Spyratos F, Cohen P, Lidereau R, and Bieche I (2006) Identification of novel genes that co-cluster with estrogen receptor alpha in breast tumor biopsy specimens, using a large-scale real-time reverse transcription-PCR approach. Endocr Relat Cancer 13:1109-1120.
38. Upton A, Smelt V, Mushtaq A, Aplin R, Johnson N, Mardon H, and Sim E (2000) Placental arylamine N-acetyltransferase type 1: potential contributory source of urinary folate catabolite p-acetamidobenzoylglutamate during pregnancy. Biochim Biophys Acta 1524:143-148.
39. Wakefield L, Cornish V, Broackes-Carter F, and Sim E (2005) Arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2 expression in the developing heart. J Histochem Cytochem 53:583-592.
40. Williams JA, Stone EM, Fakis G, Johnson N, Cordell JA, Meinl W, Glatt H, Sim E, and Phillips DH (2001) N-Acetyltransferases, sulfotransferases and heterocyclic amine activation in the breast. Pharmacogenetics 11:373-388.