Papillary thyroid carcinoma with lymph node metastases

Growth Factors

Volumn 25, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 41-49

  Lin, Jen Der ^a  

^a CHANG GUNG UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

Author keywords

Lymphangiogenesis; Prognostic factors; Rradioactive iodine; Thyroglobulin; Thyroidectomy; Vascular endothelial growth factor

Indexed keywords

CD44V6 ANTIGEN; CYCLIN D1; CYTOKINE; FC RECEPTOR; IODINE 131; NUCLEOSIDE DIPHOSPHATE KINASE A; PARVOVIRUS VECTOR; PROTEIN P27; RADIOACTIVE IODINE; THYROGLOBULIN; TUMOR MARKER; VASCULOTROPIN C; VASCULOTROPIN D; VASCULOTROPIN RECEPTOR; VASCULOTROPIN RECEPTOR 3;

ARTICLE; ASPIRATION BIOPSY; CANCER DIAGNOSIS; CANCER GENE THERAPY; CANCER INCIDENCE; CANCER INVASION; CANCER RECURRENCE; CANCER RISK; CANCER SURVIVAL; CELL PROLIFERATION; ECHOGRAPHY; ENDOTHELIUM CELL; GENE TRANSFER; HIGH RISK PATIENT; HUMAN; LYMPH NODE DISSECTION; LYMPH NODE METASTASIS; LYMPH VESSEL ENDOTHELIUM; LYMPHADENECTOMY; LYMPHANGIOGENESIS; NONHUMAN; PATHOGENESIS; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; POSTOPERATIVE CARE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; PROTEIN BINDING; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; RISK FACTOR; RISK REDUCTION; THYROID PAPILLARY CARCINOMA; THYROID SCINTISCANNING; THYROIDECTOMY; TUMOR VASCULARIZATION; VIRAL GENE THERAPY;

CARCINOMA, PAPILLARY; FEMALE; HUMANS; LYMPHATIC METASTASIS; MALE; PROGNOSIS; THYROID NEOPLASMS; TUMOR MARKERS, BIOLOGICAL; VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR C; VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR D;

ADENO-ASSOCIATED VIRUS;

EID: 34247648653     PISSN: 08977194     EISSN: 10292292     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/08977190601000095     Document Type: Article

References (79)

1. Ahuja, AT, Ying, M., Tuen, HY and Metreweli, C. (2001) Power Doppler sonography of metastatic nodes from papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. Clin Radiol, 56, pp. 284-288.
2. Bauer, AJ, Terrell, R., Doniparthi, NK, Patel, A., Tuttle, RM and Saji, M. (2002) Vascular endothelial growth factor monoclonal antibody inhibits growth of anaplastic thyroid cancer xenografts in nude mice. Thyroid, 12, pp. 953-961.
3. Bjorndahl, MA, Cao, R., Burton, JB, Brakenhielm, E., Religa, P. and Galter, D. (2005) Vascular endothelial growth factor-a promotes peritumoral lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis. Cancer Res, 65, pp. 9261-9268.
4. Caron, NR and Clark, OH (2005) Papillary thyroid cancer: Surgical management of lymph node metastases. Curr Treat Options Oncol, 6, pp. 311-322.
5. Chow, SM, Law, SC, Chan, JK, Au, SK, Yau, S. and Lau, WH (2003) Papillary microcarcinoma of the thyroid-prognostic significance of lymph node metastasis and multifocality. Cancer, 98, pp. 31-40.
6. Chung, JK, Lee, JS, Choi, CW, Lim, SM and Lee, DS (1999) Value of PDG PET in papillary thyroid carcinoma with negative 131I whole-body scan. J Nucl Med, 40, pp. 986-992.
7. Cignarelli, M., Ambrosi, A., Marino, A., Lamacchia, O., Campo, M. and Picca, G. (2003) Diagnostic utility of thyroglobulin detection in fine-needle aspiration of cervical cystic metastatic lymph nodes from papillary thyroid cancer with negative cytology. Thyroid, 13, pp. 1163-1167.
8. Crnic, I., Strittmatter, K., Cavallaro, U., Kopfstein, L., Jussila, L. and Alitalo, K. (2004) Loss of neural cell adhesion molecule induces tumor metastasis by up-regulating lymphangiogensis. Cancer Res, 64, pp. 8630-8638.
9. Duff, SE, Jeziorska, M., Rosa, DD, Kumar, S., Haboubi, N. and Sherlock, D. (2006) Vascular endothelial growth factors and receptors in colorectal cancer: Implication for anti-angiogenic therapy. Eur J Cancer, 42, pp. 112-117.
10. Fava, G., Marucci, L., Glaser, S., Francis, H., De Morrow, S. and Benedetti, A. (2005) Gamma-aminobutyric acid inhibits cholangiocarcinoma growth by cyclic AMP-dependent regulation of thw protein kinase A/ extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 pathway. Cancer Res, 65, pp. 11437-11446.
11. Fellmer, PT, Sato, K., Tanaka, R., Okamoto, T., Kato, Y. and Kobayashi, M. (1999) Vascular endothelial growth factor-C gene expression in papillary and follicular thyroid carcinomas. Surgery, 126, pp. 1056-1061.
12. Franchi, A., Massi, D., Santucci, M., Masini, E., Degl'innocenti, DR and Magnelli, L. (2006) Inducible nitric oxide synthase activity correlates with lymphangiogenesis and vascular endothelial growth factor-C expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. J Pathol, 208, pp. 439-445.
13. Fukumoto, S., Morifuji, M., Katakura, Y., Ohishi, M. and Nakamura, S. (2005) Endostatin inhibits lymph node metastasis by a down-regulation of the vascular endothelial growth factor C expression in tumor cells. Clin Exp Metastasis, 22, pp. 31-38.
14. Galusca, B., Dumollard, JM, Chambonniere, ML, Germain, N., Prades, JM and Peoc'h, M. (2004) Peroxisome proliferators activated receptor gamma immunohistochemical expression in human papillary thyroid carcinoma tissues. Possible relationship to lymph node metastasis. Anticancer Res, 24:3, pp. 1993-1997.
15. Gemsenjager, E., Perren, A., Seifert, B., Schuler, G., Schweizer, I. and Heitz, PU (2003) Lymph node surgery in papillary thyroid carcinoma. J Am Coll Surg, 197, pp. 182-190.
16. Gombos, Z., Chu, CS, Zhang, PJ and Acs, G. (2005) Peritumoral lymphatic vessel density and vascular endothelial growth factor C expression in early-stage squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Clin Cancer Res, 11, pp. 8364-8371.
17. Grebe, SK and Hay, ID (1996) Thyroid cancer nodal metastases: Biologic significance and therapeutic considerations. Surg Oncol Clin N Am, 5, pp. 43-63.
18. Hall, TF, Freeman, JL, Asa, SL, Jackson, DG and Beasley, NJ (2003) Intratumoral lymphatics and lymph node metastases in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 129, pp. 716-719.
19. Hsieh, CY, Chen, CA, Chou, CH, Lai, KP, Jeng, YM and Kuo, ML (2004) Overexpression of Her-2/NEU in epithelial ovarian carcinoma induces vascular endothelial growth factor C by activating NF-kappa B: Implications for malignant ascites formation and tumor lymphangiogenesis. J Biomed Sci, 11, pp. 249-259.
20. Hung, CJ, Ginzinger, DG, Zarnegar, R., Kanauchi, H., Wong, MG and Kebebew, E. (2003) Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-C in benign and malignant thyroid tumors. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 88, pp. 3694-3699.
21. Ito, Y., Tomoda, C., Uruno, T., Takamura, Y., Miya, A. and Kobayashi, K. (2004) Preoperative ultrasonographic examination for lymph node metastasis: Usefulness when designing lymph node dissection for papillary microcarcinoma of the thyroid. Word J Surg, 28, pp. 498-501.
22. Ito, Y., Tomoda, C., Uruno, T., Takamura, Y., Miya, A. and Kobayashi, K. (2005) Ultrasonographically and anatomopathologically detectable node metastases in the lateral compartment as indicators of worse relape-free survival in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma. Word J Surg, 29, pp. 917-920.
23. Ito, Y., Uruno, T., Takamura, Y., Miya, A., Kobayashi, K. and Matsuzuka, F. (2005) Papillary microcarcinomas of the thyroid with preoperatively detectable lymph node metastasis show significantly higher aggressive characteristics on immunohistochemical examination. Oncology, 68, pp. 87-96.
24. Juttner, S., Wissmann, C., Jons, T., Vieth, M., Hertel, J. and Gretschel, S. (2006) Vascular endothelial growth factor-D and its receptor VEGF-3: Two novel independent prognostic markers in gastric adenocarcinoma. J Clin Oncol, 24, pp. 228-240.
25. Kelemen, PR, Van Herle, AJ and Giuliano, AE (1998) Sentinel lymphadenectomy in thyroid malignant neoplasms. Arch Surg, 133, pp. 288-292.
26. Khoo, ML, Beasley, NJ, Ezzat, S., Freeman, JL and Asa, SL (2002) Overexpression of cyclin D1 and underexpression of p27 predict lymph node metastases in papillary thyroid carcinoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 87, pp. 1814-1818.
27. Kilicarslan, AB, Ogus, M., Arici, C., Pestereli, HE, Cakir, M. and Karpuzoglu, G. (2003) Clinical importance of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) for papillary thyroid carcinomas. APMIS, 111, pp. 439-443.
28. King, AD, Ahuja, AT, To, EW, Tse, GM and Metreweli, C. (2000) Staging papillary carcinoma of the thyroid: Magnetic resonance imaging vs. ultrasound of the neck. Clin Radiol, 55, pp. 222-226.
29. Knutson, KL and Disis, ML (2005) Tumor antigen-specific T helper cells in cancer immunity and immunotherapy. Cancer Immunol Immunother, 54, pp. 721-728.
30. Kraeber-Bodere, F., Cariou, B., Curtet, C., Bridji, B., Rousseau, C. and Dravet, F. (2005) Feasibility and benefit of fluorine 18-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose-guided surgery in the management of radioiodine-negative differentiated thyroid carcinoma metastases. Surgery, 138, pp. 1176-1182.
31. Kumasaka, T., Seyama, K., Mitani, K., Souma, S., Kashiwagi, S. and Hebisawa, A. (2005) Lymphangiogenesis-mediated shedding of LAM cell clusters as a mechanism for dissemination in lymphangioleiomyomatosis. Am J Surg Pathol, 29, pp. 1356-1366.
32. Kupferman, ME, Patterson, M., Mandel, SJ, LiVolsi, V. and Weber, RS (2004) Patterns of lateral neck metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Arch Otolarygol Head Neck Surg, 130, pp. 857-860.
33. Kupferman, ME, Patterson, DM, Mandel, SJ, LiVolsi, V. and Weber, RS (2004) Safety of modified radical neck dissection for differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Laryngoscope, 114, pp. 403-406.
34. Kyzas, PA, Stefanou, D. and Agnantis, NJ (2005) COX-2 expression correlates with VEGF-C and lymph node metastases in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Mod Pathol, 18, pp. 153-160.
35. Lane, D., Gray, EA, Mathur, RS and Mathur, SP (2005) Up-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor-C by nicotine in cervical cancer cell lines. Am J Reprod Immunol, 53, pp. 153-158.
36. Leboulleux, S., Rubino, C., Baudin, E., Caillou, B., Hartl, DM and Bidart, JM (2005) Prognostic factors for persistent or recurrent disease of papillary thyroid carcinoma with neck lymph node metastases and/or tumor extension beyond the thyroid capsule at initial diagnosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 90, pp. 5723-5729.
37. Lin, JD, Liou, MJ, Chao, TC, Weng, HF and Ho, YS (1999) Prognostic variable of papillary and follicular thyroid carcinomas with lymph node metastases and no distant metastases. Endocr-Relat Cancer, 6, pp. 109-115.
38. Lin, JD, Chen, ST, Chao, TC, Hsueh, C. and Weng, HF (2005) Diagnosis and therapeutic strategy of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma. Arch Surg, 140, pp. 940-945.
39. Lin, J., Lalani, AS, Harding, TC, Gonzalez, M., Wu, WW and Luan, B. (2005) Inhibition of lymphogenous metastasis using adeno-associated virus-mediated gene transfer of a soluble VEGFR-3 decoy receptor. Cancer Res, 65, pp. 6901-6909.
40. Lips, P., Comans, EF, Hoekstra, OS, Clement, E van der Poest, van Mourik, JC and Teule, GJ (2000) Positron emission tomography for the detection of metastases of differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Neth J Med, 57, pp. 150-156.
41. Machens, A., Holzhausen, HJ, Lautenschlager, C., Thanh, PN and Dralle, H. (2003) Enhancement of lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis of thyroid carcinoma. Cancer, 98, pp. 712-719.
42. Menzel, C., Grunwald, F., Schomburg, A., Palmedo, H., Bender, H. and Spath, G. (1996) "High-dose" radioiodone therapy in advanced differentiated thyroid carcinoma. J Nucl Med, 37, pp. 1496-1503.
43. Mirallie, E., Sagan, C., Hamy, A., Paineau, J., Kahn, X. and Neel, JC Le (1999) Predictive factors for node involvement in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Univariate and multivariate analysis. Eur J Cancer, 35, pp. 420-423.
44. Monchik, JM, De Petris, G. and De Crea, C. (2001) Occult papillary carcinoma of the thyroid presenting as a cervical cyst. Surgery, 129, pp. 429-432.
45. Nagata, H., Arai, T., Soejima, Y., Suzuki, H., Ishii, H. and Hibi, T. (2004) Limited capability of reginal lymph nodes to eradicate metastatic cancer cells. Cancer Res, 64, pp. 8239-8248.
46. Nathason, SD (2003) Insights into the mechanisms of lymph node metastasis. Cancer, 98, pp. 413-423.
47. Ogawa, E., Takenaka, K., Yanagihara, K., Kurozumi, M., Manabe, T. and Wada, H. (2004) Clinical significance of VEGF-C status in tumor cells and stromal macrophages in non-small cell lung cancer patients. Br J Cancer, 91, pp. 498-503.
48. Okada, K., Osaka, M., Araki, K., Ishiguro, K., Ito, H. and Ohgi, S. (2005) Expression of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1alpha), VEGF-C and VEGF-D in non-invasive and invasive breast ductal carcinomas. Anticancer Res, 25, pp. 3003-3009.
49. Pacini, F., Schlumberger, M., Harmer, C., Berg, GG, Cohen, O. and Duntas, L. (2005) Post-surgical use of radioiodine (131I0 in patients with papillary and follicular thyroid cancer and the issue of remnant ablation: A consensus report. Eur J Endocrinol, 153, pp. 651-659.
50. Park, HJ, Kim, JY, Park, KY, Gong, G., Hong, SJ and Ahn, IM (2000) Expressions of human sodium iodide symporter mRNA in primary and metastatic papillary thyroid carcinomas. Thyroid, 10, pp. 211-217.
51. Pestell, RG, Albanese, C., Reutens, AT, Segall, JE, Lee, RJ and Arnold, A. (1999) The cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors in hormonal regulation of proliferation and differentiation. Endocr Rev, 20, pp. 501-534.
52. Poulaki, V., Mitsiades, CS, McMullan, C., Sykoutri, D., Fanourakis, G. and Kotoula, V. (2003) Regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor expression by insulin-like growth factor I in thyroid carcinomas. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 88, pp. 5392-5398.
53. Pytowski, B., Goldman, J., Persaud, K., Witte, L. and Hicklin, DJ (2005) Complete and specific inhibition of adult lymphatic regeneration by a novel VEGFR-3 neutralizing antibody. J Natl Cancer Inst, 97, pp. 14-21.
54. Rettenbacher, L., Subgler, P., Gmeiner, D., Kassmann, H. and Galvan, G. (2000) Detecting the sentinel lymph node in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Eur J Nucl Med, 27, pp. 1399-1401.
55. Robbins, RJ, Wan, Q., Grewal, RK, Reibke, R., Gonen, M. and Strauss, HW (2006) Real-time prognosis for metastatic thyroid carcinoma based on FDG-PET scanning. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 91, pp. 498-505.
56. Sako, K., Marchetta, FC, Razack, MS and Shedd, DP (1985) Modified radical neck dissection for metastatic carcinoma of the thyroid. A reappraisal. Am J Surg, 150, pp. 500-502.
57. Savio, R., Gosnell, J., Palazzo, FF, Sywak, M., Agarwal, G. and Cowell, C. (2005) The role of a more extensive surgical approach in the initial multimodality management of papillary thyroid cancer in children. J Pediatr Surg, 40, pp. 1696-1700.
58. Schoppmann, SF (2005) Lymphangiogenesis, inflammation and metastasis. Anticancer Res, 25:6, pp. 4503-4511.
59. Schoppmann, SF, Birner, P., Stockl, J., Kalt, R., Ullrich, R. and Caucig, C. (2002) Tumor-associated macrophages express lymphatic endothelial growth factors and are related to peritumoral lymphangiogenesis. Am J Pathol, 161, pp. 947-956.
60. Shibuya, M. and Claesson-Welsh, L. (2006) Signal transduction by VEGF receptors in regulation of angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. Exp Cell Res, 312, pp. 549-560.
61. Skobe, M., Hamberg, LM, Hawighorst, T., Schirner, M., Wolf, GL and Alitalo, K. (2001) Concurrent induction of lymphamgiogenesis, angiogenesis, and macrophage recruitment by vascular endothelial growth factor-C in melanoma. Am J Pathol, 159, pp. 893-903.
62. Soh, EY, Eigelberger, MS, Kim, KJ, Wong, MG, Young, DM and Clark, OH (2000) Neutralizing vascular endothelial growth factor activity inhibits thyroid cancer growth in vivo. Surgery, 128, pp. 1059-1065.
63. Tang, Y., Zhang, D., Fallavollita, L. and Brodt, P. (2003) Vascular endothelial growth factor C expression and lymph node metastasis are regulated by the type I insulin-like growth factor receptor. Cancer Res, 63, pp. 1166-1171.
64. Tang, RF, Wang, SX, Zhang, FR, Peng, L., Wang, SX and Xiao, Y. (2005) Interleukin-1alpha, 6 regulate the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor A, C in pancreatic cancer. Hepatobiliary pancreat. Dis Int, 4, pp. 460-463.
65. Torlontano, M., Attard, M., Crocetti, U., Tumino, S., Bruno, R. and Costante, G. (2004) Follow-up of low risk patients with papillary thyroid cancer: Role of neck ultrasonography in detecting lymph node metastases. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 89, pp. 3402-3407.
66. Uruno, T., Miyauchi, A., Shimizu, K., Tomoda, C., Takamura, Y. and Ito, Y. (2005) Usefulness of thyroglobulin measurement in fine-needle aspiration biopsy specimens for diagnosing cervical lymph node metastasis in patients with papillary thyroid cancer. World J Surg, 29, pp. 483-485.
67. Vasko, V., Xing, JC, Larin, A. and Savchenko, V. (2005) High prevalence and possible de novo formation of BRAF mutation in metastasized papillary thyroid cancer in lymph nodes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 90, pp. 5265-5269.
68. Voutilainen, PE, Multanen, MM, Leppaniemi, AK, Haglund, CH, Haapiainen, PK and Franssila, KO (2001) Prognosis after lymph node recurrence in papillary thyroid carcinoma depends on age. Thyroid, 11, pp. 953-957.
69. Wang, S., Wuu, J., Savas, L., Patwardhan, N. and Khan, A. (1998) The role of cell cycle regulatory proteins, cyclin D1, cyclin E and p27 in thyroid carcinogenesis. Hum Pathol, 29, pp. 1304-1309.
70. Weber, AL, Randolph, G. and Aksoy, FG (2000) The thyroid and parathyroid glands. CT and MR imaging and correlation with pathology and clinical findings. Radiol Clin North Am, 38, pp. 1105-1129.
71. Wei, Q. and Fan, S. (1998) Expression of CD44V6 and nm23-H1 in thyroid papillary adenocarcinoma and lymph node metastasis. Hunan Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao, 23, pp. 5-7.
72. Wong, SY, Haack, H., Crowley, D., Barry, M., Bronson, RT and Hynes, RO (2005) Tumor-secreted vascular endothelial growth factor-C is necessary for prostate cancer lymphangiogenesis, but lymphangiogenesis is unnecessary for lymph node metastasis. Cancer Res, 65, pp. 9789-9796.
73. Wunderbaldinger, P., Harisinghani, MG, Hahn, PF, Daniels, GH, Turetschek, K. and Simeone, J. (2002) Cystic lymph node metastases in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Am J Roentgenol, 178, pp. 693-697.
74. Wu, YJ, Wu, HS, Yen, RF, Shen, YY and Kao, CH (2003) Detecting metastatic neck lymph nodes in papillary thyroid carcinoma by 18F-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography and Tc-99 m tetrofosmin single photon emission computed tomography. Anticancer Res, 23, pp. 2973-2976.
75. Yamashita, H., Noguchi, S., Murakami, N., Kawamoto, H. and Watanabe, S. (1997) Extracapsular invasion of lymph node metastasis is an indicator of distant metastasis and poor prognosis in patients with thyroid papillary carcinoma. Cancer, 80, pp. 2268-2272.
76. Yancopoulos, GD, Davis, S., Gale, N., Rudge, JS, Wiegand, SJ and Holash, J. (2000) Vascular-specific growth factors in blood vessel formation. Nature, 407, pp. 242-248.
77. Yasuoka, H., Nakamura, Y., Zuo, H., Tang, W., Takamura, Y. and Miyauchi, A. (2005) VEGF-D expression and lymph vessels play an important role for lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Mod Pathol, 18, pp. 1127-1133.
78. Yu, XM, Lo, Cy, Chan, WF, Lam, KY, Leung, P. and Luk, JM (2005) Increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor C in papillary thyroid carcinoma correlates with cervical lymph node metastases. Clin Cancer Res, 11:22, pp. 8063-8069.
79. Zou, M., Al-Baradie, RS, Al-Hindi, H., Farid, NR and Shi, Y. (2005) S100A4 (Mts1) gene overexpression is associated with invasion and metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Br J Cancer, 93, pp. 1277-1284.