Soldiers as laborers: A theoretical model

Theory and Society

Volumn 36, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 187-208

  Levy, Yagil ^a  

^a BEN GURION UNIVERSITY OF THE NEGEV   (Israel)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

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EID: 34247265508     PISSN: 03042421     EISSN: 15737853     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11186-007-9028-y     Document Type: Article

References (106)

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19. Adventure/challenge, cited by Woodruff, Kelty and Segal (ibid) as among the major motivating factors in the U.S. Army of the 2000s, is not merely an institutional norm. It is one of the ways that the army provides its enlistees with social capital usable in the labor market, and may impact on the enlistees' motivation as having civilian merit.
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43. Importantly, Area B is schematically located at the upper-right corner, though it may actually be located in a lower position close to Area D. The move from D to B is meant as a process rather as an ultimate positioning.
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46. For example, in the years 1861-1864, an army private's base pay was $13 per month and grew to $50 in World War II (Moffat, Soldiers Pay). Given that real wages grew in theses years by about 500% [Jeremy Greenwood and Ananth Seshadri, "The U.S. Demographic Transition," American Economic Review 92, 2 (2002): 153-159], soldiers' pay was not significantly improved.
47. Hancock, W. K., & Gowing, M. M. (1949). History of the Second World War: British war economy (pp. 505-506). London: U.K. Civil Series.
48. Campbell, A. (2004). The invisible welfare state: Establishing the phenomenon of twentieth century veteran's benefits. Journal of Political and Military Sociology, 32/2, 249-267.
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50. Giving the lie to the public belief that recruits enjoyed preferred rewards, World War II veterans earned 5-10% less than comparable nonveterans. Military service thus reduced the veterans' levels of earning from what they otherwise would have been without losing civilian experience. However, this economic consequence was not reflected in the public discourse. See Angrist and Krueger, "Why Do World War II Veterans Earn More," 74-97.
51. Abbott, System of Professions.
52. Abu-Lughod, D. I. (2000). Failed buyout: Land rights for contra veterans in postwar Nicaragua. Latin American Perspectives, 27/3, 32-62.
53. Kirby. Enlisted Personnel Management. 210-121.
54. Inglehart, R. (1977). The silent revolution: Changing values and political styles among western publics (p. 49). Princeton: Princeton University Press.
55. Burk. Citizenship status and military service. 503-529;
56. Feld, M. D. (1977). The structure of violence: Armed forces as social systems. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
57. Harries-Jenkins and Moskos cited in Ajangiz, R. (2001). Being influential without participating in the policy process. The case of conscription in Western Europe (pp. 3-4), European Consortium for Political Research.
58. Angrist. Draft lottery. 584-595.
59. Angrist, J. D. (1990). Lifetime earnings and the Vietnam era draft lottery: evidence from Social Security administrative records. American Economic Review, 80/3, 313-336.
60. In Abbott's terms, The System of Professions.
61. Levy. Social convertibility and militarism. 79
62. Carrell, S. E. (2004). Local labor market effects on air force reenlistment. Department of Economics and Geography, US AIR FORCE Academy.
63. Dunn. Is combat pay effective? 344-357.
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65. For different perspectives, see: Kier, E. (1995). Cultural and military doctrine: France between the wars. International Security, 19/4, 65-93;
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67. Theoretically drawn from Tilly, C. (1998). Durable inequality. Berkeley: University of California Press.
68. Enloe. Ethnic Soldiers.
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81. Kirby. Enlisted Personnel Management. 128-129.
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