메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 24, Issue 4, 2007, Pages 275-292

Use of pharmacodynamic principles to optimise dosage regimens for antibacterial agents in the elderly

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALLOPURINOL; AMINOGLYCOSIDE ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; AZITHROMYCIN; BETA LACTAM ANTIBIOTIC; CARBAPENEM; CIPROFLOXACIN; CLARITHROMYCIN; CORTICOSTEROID; ERTAPENEM; GATIFLOXACIN; GENTAMICIN; GLYCOPEPTIDE; GLYCYLCYCLINE DERIVATIVE; IMIPENEM; KETOLIDE; LEVOFLOXACIN; MACROLIDE; MEROPENEM; MOXIFLOXACIN; NONSTEROID ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; OXAZOLIDINONE DERIVATIVE; PENICILLIN G; PIPERACILLIN PLUS TAZOBACTAM; QUINOLINE DERIVED ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; TELITHROMYCIN; TIGECYCLINE; TOBRAMYCIN; UNINDEXED DRUG; VANCOMYCIN;

EID: 34247209556     PISSN: 1170229X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2165/00002512-200724040-00002     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (25)

References (116)
  • 1
    • 0021910427 scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal studies on the rate of decline in renal function with age
    • Apr;
    • Lindeman RD, Tobin J, Shock NW. Longitudinal studies on the rate of decline in renal function with age. J Am Geriatr Soc 1985 Apr; 33 (4): 278-85
    • (1985) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.33 , Issue.4 , pp. 278-285
    • Lindeman, R.D.1    Tobin, J.2    Shock, N.W.3
  • 2
    • 0029038352 scopus 로고
    • Drug prescribing for elderly patients
    • Chutka DS, Evans JM, Fleming KC, et al. Drug prescribing for elderly patients. Mayo Clin Proc 1995; 70 (7): 685-93
    • (1995) Mayo Clin Proc , vol.70 , Issue.7 , pp. 685-693
    • Chutka, D.S.1    Evans, J.M.2    Fleming, K.C.3
  • 3
    • 0037383566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infectious disease outbreaks in nursing homes: An unappreciated hazard for frail elderly persons
    • Strausbaugh LJ, Sukumar SR, Joseph CL. Infectious disease outbreaks in nursing homes: an unappreciated hazard for frail elderly persons. Aging Infect Dis 2003; 36: 870-6
    • (2003) Aging Infect Dis , vol.36 , pp. 870-876
    • Strausbaugh, L.J.1    Sukumar, S.R.2    Joseph, C.L.3
  • 4
    • 16844366194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective surveillance for healthcare-associated infections in German nursing home residents
    • Engelhart ST, Hanses-Derendorf L, Exner M, et al. Prospective surveillance for healthcare-associated infections in German nursing home residents. J Hosp Infect 2005; 60: 46-50
    • (2005) J Hosp Infect , vol.60 , pp. 46-50
    • Engelhart, S.T.1    Hanses-Derendorf, L.2    Exner, M.3
  • 6
    • 33644865799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pandrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa among hospitalized patients: Clinical features, risk factors and outcomes
    • Wang CY, Jerng JS, Cheng KY, et al. Pandrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa among hospitalized patients: clinical features, risk factors and outcomes. Eur Soc Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2006; 12: 63-8
    • (2006) Eur Soc Clin Microbiol Infect Dis , vol.12 , pp. 63-68
    • Wang, C.Y.1    Jerng, J.S.2    Cheng, K.Y.3
  • 7
    • 33750694248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Device-associated nosocomial infections in 55 intensive care units of 8 developing countries
    • Rosenthal VD, Maki DG, Salomao R, et al. Device-associated nosocomial infections in 55 intensive care units of 8 developing countries. Ann Intern Med 2006, 92
    • (2006) Ann Intern Med , pp. 92
    • Rosenthal, V.D.1    Maki, D.G.2    Salomao, R.3
  • 8
    • 0141891098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linezolid compared with eperezolid, vancomycin, and gentamicin in an in vitro model of antimicrobial lock therapy for Staphylococcus epidermidis central venous catheter-related biofilm infections
    • Oct;
    • Curtin J, Cormican M, Fleming G, et al. Linezolid compared with eperezolid, vancomycin, and gentamicin in an in vitro model of antimicrobial lock therapy for Staphylococcus epidermidis central venous catheter-related biofilm infections. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2003 Oct; 47 (10): 3145-8
    • (2003) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.47 , Issue.10 , pp. 3145-3148
    • Curtin, J.1    Cormican, M.2    Fleming, G.3
  • 9
    • 33747143741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of selective antimicrobial agents on staphylococcal adherence to biomedical devices
    • Sep;
    • Edmiston CE Jr, Goheen MP, Seabrook GR, et al. Impact of selective antimicrobial agents on staphylococcal adherence to biomedical devices. Am J Surg 2006 Sep; 192 (3): 344-54
    • (2006) Am J Surg , vol.192 , Issue.3 , pp. 344-354
    • Edmiston Jr, C.E.1    Goheen, M.P.2    Seabrook, G.R.3
  • 10
    • 33745700401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preventability of invasive pneumococcal disease and assessment of current polysaccharide vaccine recommendations for adults: United States, 2001-2003
    • Greene CM, Kyaw MH, Ray SM, et al. Preventability of invasive pneumococcal disease and assessment of current polysaccharide vaccine recommendations for adults: United States, 2001-2003. Clin Infect Dis 2006; 43: 141-50
    • (2006) Clin Infect Dis , vol.43 , pp. 141-150
    • Greene, C.M.1    Kyaw, M.H.2    Ray, S.M.3
  • 11
    • 33746791061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decreasing invasive pneumococcal disease in the elderly: A state level analysis
    • McBean AM, Jung K, Hebert PL. Decreasing invasive pneumococcal disease in the elderly: a state level analysis. Vaccine 2006; 24: 5609-14
    • (2006) Vaccine , vol.24 , pp. 5609-5614
    • McBean, A.M.1    Jung, K.2    Hebert, P.L.3
  • 12
    • 33645505114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on drug resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae
    • Kyaw MH, Lynfield R, Schaffner W, et al. Effect of introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on drug resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae. N Engl J Med 2006; 354 (14): 1455-64
    • (2006) N Engl J Med , vol.354 , Issue.14 , pp. 1455-1464
    • Kyaw, M.H.1    Lynfield, R.2    Schaffner, W.3
  • 13
  • 14
    • 0036559236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How to manage nursing home patients with or without chronic catheterization
    • O'Donnell JA, Hofmann MT. How to manage nursing home patients with or without chronic catheterization. Infect Dis 2002; 57 (5): 45-8
    • (2002) Infect Dis , vol.57 , Issue.5 , pp. 45-48
    • O'Donnell, J.A.1    Hofmann, M.T.2
  • 15
    • 1542405078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New developments in antibacterial choice for lower respiratory tract infections in elderly patients
    • Ferrara AM, Fietta AM. New developments in antibacterial choice for lower respiratory tract infections in elderly patients. Drugs Aging 2004; 21 (3): 167-86
    • (2004) Drugs Aging , vol.21 , Issue.3 , pp. 167-186
    • Ferrara, A.M.1    Fietta, A.M.2
  • 16
    • 8444234673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug treatment of pneumococcal pneumonia in the elderly
    • Nerella S, Meyer KC. Drug treatment of pneumococcal pneumonia in the elderly. Therapy Pract 2004; 21 (13): 851-64
    • (2004) Therapy Pract , vol.21 , Issue.13 , pp. 851-864
    • Nerella, S.1    Meyer, K.C.2
  • 17
    • 33645763956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug dosage in the elderly: Dermatologic drugs
    • Flamminger A, Maibach H. Drug dosage in the elderly: dermatologic drugs. Drugs Aging 2006; 23 (3): 203-15
    • (2006) Drugs Aging , vol.23 , Issue.3 , pp. 203-215
    • Flamminger, A.1    Maibach, H.2
  • 18
    • 1842735325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geriatric pharmacology: Safer prescribing for the elderly patient
    • Wright RM, Warpula RW. Geriatric pharmacology: safer prescribing for the elderly patient. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 2004; 94 (2): 90-7
    • (2004) J Am Podiatr Med Assoc , vol.94 , Issue.2 , pp. 90-97
    • Wright, R.M.1    Warpula, R.W.2
  • 19
    • 7044233601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacodynamic target attainment analysis against Streptococcus pneumoniae using levofloxacin 500mg, 750mg and 1000mg once daily in plasma (P) and epithelial lining fluid (ELF) of hospitalized patients with community acquired pneumonia (CAP)
    • Noreddin AM, Marras TK, Sanders K, et al. Pharmacodynamic target attainment analysis against Streptococcus pneumoniae using levofloxacin 500mg, 750mg and 1000mg once daily in plasma (P) and epithelial lining fluid (ELF) of hospitalized patients with community acquired pneumonia (CAP). Int J Antimicrob Agents 2004; 24: 479-84
    • (2004) Int J Antimicrob Agents , vol.24 , pp. 479-484
    • Noreddin, A.M.1    Marras, T.K.2    Sanders, K.3
  • 20
    • 22544460247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of gatifloxacin and levofloxacin administered at various dosing regimens to hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia: Pharmacodynamic target attainment study using North American surveillance data for Streptococcus pneumoniae
    • Noreddin AM, Hoban DJ, Zhanel GG. Comparison of gatifloxacin and levofloxacin administered at various dosing regimens to hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia: pharmacodynamic target attainment study using North American surveillance data for Streptococcus pneumoniae. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2005; 26: 120-5
    • (2005) Int J Antimicrob Agents , vol.26 , pp. 120-125
    • Noreddin, A.M.1    Hoban, D.J.2    Zhanel, G.G.3
  • 21
    • 0035695389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liver function and phase I drug metabolism in the elderly
    • Schmucker DL. Liver function and phase I drug metabolism in the elderly. Drugs Aging 2001; 18 (11): 837-51
    • (2001) Drugs Aging , vol.18 , Issue.11 , pp. 837-851
    • Schmucker, D.L.1
  • 22
    • 25144470553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antimicrobial therapy in critically ill patients
    • Pea F, Viale P, Furlanut M. Antimicrobial therapy in critically ill patients. Clin Pharmacokinet 2005; 44 (10): 1009-34
    • (2005) Clin Pharmacokinet , vol.44 , Issue.10 , pp. 1009-1034
    • Pea, F.1    Viale, P.2    Furlanut, M.3
  • 23
    • 32144433909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapy insight: How changes in renal function with increasing age affect cardiovascular drug prescribing
    • Wyatt CM, Kim MC, Winston JA. Therapy insight: how changes in renal function with increasing age affect cardiovascular drug prescribing. Nat Clin Pract 2005; 3 (2): 102-9
    • (2005) Nat Clin Pract , vol.3 , Issue.2 , pp. 102-109
    • Wyatt, C.M.1    Kim, M.C.2    Winston, J.A.3
  • 24
    • 26444611467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibiotic dosing in critically ill adult patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy
    • Trotman RL, Williamson JC, Shoemaker DM, et al. Antibiotic dosing in critically ill adult patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy. Clin Infect Dis 2005; 51: 1159-66
    • (2005) Clin Infect Dis , vol.51 , pp. 1159-1166
    • Trotman, R.L.1    Williamson, J.C.2    Shoemaker, D.M.3
  • 25
    • 34247254211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) of quinolones: Maximizing bacterial eradication and preventing resistance
    • Zhanel GG, Noreddin AM. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) of quinolones: maximizing bacterial eradication and preventing resistance. Res Adv Antimicrob Agents Chem 2004; 4: 39-67
    • (2004) Res Adv Antimicrob Agents Chem , vol.4 , pp. 39-67
    • Zhanel, G.G.1    Noreddin, A.M.2
  • 26
    • 18844452358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Standardization of pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) terminology for anti-infective drugs: An update
    • Mouton JW, Dudley MN, Cars O, et al. Standardization of pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) terminology for anti-infective drugs: an update. J Antimicrob Chem 2005; 55: 601-7
    • (2005) J Antimicrob Chem , vol.55 , pp. 601-607
    • Mouton, J.W.1    Dudley, M.N.2    Cars, O.3
  • 28
    • 28244474854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the new quinolones
    • Noreddin AM, Haynes VL, Zhanel GG. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the new quinolones. J Pharm Pract 2005; 18 (6): 1-12
    • (2005) J Pharm Pract , vol.18 , Issue.6 , pp. 1-12
    • Noreddin, A.M.1    Haynes, V.L.2    Zhanel, G.G.3
  • 29
    • 0032515386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin: A new paradigm for early clinical trials [see comments]
    • Preston SL, Drusano GL, Berman AL, et al. Pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin: a new paradigm for early clinical trials [see comments]. JAMA 1998; 279 (2): 125-9
    • (1998) JAMA , vol.279 , Issue.2 , pp. 125-129
    • Preston, S.L.1    Drusano, G.L.2    Berman, A.L.3
  • 30
    • 0034015598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the abilities of grepafloxacin and clarithromycin to eradicate potential bacterial pathogens from the sputa of patients with chronic bronchitis: Influence of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic variables
    • Tran JQ, Ballow CH, Forrest A, et al. Comparison of the abilities of grepafloxacin and clarithromycin to eradicate potential bacterial pathogens from the sputa of patients with chronic bronchitis: influence of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic variables. J Antimicrob Chem 2000; 45: 9-17
    • (2000) J Antimicrob Chem , vol.45 , pp. 9-17
    • Tran, J.Q.1    Ballow, C.H.2    Forrest, A.3
  • 31
    • 0032814523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activity of moxifloxacin, administered once a day, against Streptococcus pneumoniae in an in vitro pharmacodynamic model of infection
    • MacGowan AP, Bowker KE, Wootton M, et al. Activity of moxifloxacin, administered once a day, against Streptococcus pneumoniae in an in vitro pharmacodynamic model of infection. Antimicrob Agents Chem 1999; 43 (7): 1560-4
    • (1999) Antimicrob Agents Chem , vol.43 , Issue.7 , pp. 1560-1564
    • MacGowan, A.P.1    Bowker, K.E.2    Wootton, M.3
  • 32
    • 0034001976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activities of trovafloxacin, gatifloxacin, clinafloxacin, sparfloxacin, levofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin against penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in an in vitro infection model
    • Hershberger E, Rybak MJ. Activities of trovafloxacin, gatifloxacin, clinafloxacin, sparfloxacin, levofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin against penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in an in vitro infection model. Antimicrob Agents Chem 2000; 44 (3): 598-601
    • (2000) Antimicrob Agents Chem , vol.44 , Issue.3 , pp. 598-601
    • Hershberger, E.1    Rybak, M.J.2
  • 33
    • 0031940776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacodynamic evaluation of factors associated with the development of bacterial resistance in acutely ill patients during therapy
    • Thomas JK, Forrest A, Bhavnani SM, et al. Pharmacodynamic evaluation of factors associated with the development of bacterial resistance in acutely ill patients during therapy. Antimicrob Agents Chem 1998; 42 (3): 521-7
    • (1998) Antimicrob Agents Chem , vol.42 , Issue.3 , pp. 521-527
    • Thomas, J.K.1    Forrest, A.2    Bhavnani, S.M.3
  • 34
    • 0032978288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacodynamic comparisons of levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and ampicillin against Streptococcus pneumoniae in an in vitro model of infection
    • Lacy MK, Lu W, Xu X, et al. Pharmacodynamic comparisons of levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and ampicillin against Streptococcus pneumoniae in an in vitro model of infection. Antimicrob Agents Chem 1999; 43 (3): 672-7
    • (1999) Antimicrob Agents Chem , vol.43 , Issue.3 , pp. 672-677
    • Lacy, M.K.1    Lu, W.2    Xu, X.3
  • 35
    • 33645399023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outpatient gatifloxacin therapy and dysglycemia in older adults
    • Park-Wylie LY, Juurlink DN, Kopp A, et al. Outpatient gatifloxacin therapy and dysglycemia in older adults. N Engl J Med 2006; 354: 1352-61
    • (2006) N Engl J Med , vol.354 , pp. 1352-1361
    • Park-Wylie, L.Y.1    Juurlink, D.N.2    Kopp, A.3
  • 37
    • 0141741185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gatifloxacin and the elderly: Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic rationale for a potential age-related dose reduction
    • Ambrose PG, Bhavnani SM, Cirincione B, et al. Gatifloxacin and the elderly: pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic rationale for a potential age-related dose reduction. J Antimicrob Chem 2003; 52: 435-40
    • (2003) J Antimicrob Chem , vol.52 , pp. 435-440
    • Ambrose, P.G.1    Bhavnani, S.M.2    Cirincione, B.3
  • 38
    • 33751189813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gatifloxacin acutely stimulates insulin secretion and chronically suppresses insulin biosynthesis
    • Dec 28;
    • Yamada C, Nagashima K, Takahashi A, et al. Gatifloxacin acutely stimulates insulin secretion and chronically suppresses insulin biosynthesis. Eur J Pharmacol 2006 Dec 28; 553 (1-3): 67-72
    • (2006) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.553 , Issue.1-3 , pp. 67-72
    • Yamada, C.1    Nagashima, K.2    Takahashi, A.3
  • 39
    • 0027161344 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacodynamics of intravenous ciprofloxacin in seriously ill patients
    • Forrest A, Nix DE, Ballow CH, et al. Pharmacodynamics of intravenous ciprofloxacin in seriously ill patients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1993; 37: 1073-81
    • (1993) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.37 , pp. 1073-1081
    • Forrest, A.1    Nix, D.E.2    Ballow, C.H.3
  • 40
    • 27844534374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antimicrobial management of complicated skin and skin structure infections in the era of emerging resistance
    • Lee SY, Kuti J, Nicolau D. Antimicrobial management of complicated skin and skin structure infections in the era of emerging resistance. Surg Infect 2005; 6 (3): 286-95
    • (2005) Surg Infect , vol.6 , Issue.3 , pp. 286-295
    • Lee, S.Y.1    Kuti, J.2    Nicolau, D.3
  • 41
    • 27744502080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linezolid reduces length of stay and duration of intravenous treatment compared with vancomycin for complicated skin and soft tissue infections due to suspected or proven methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
    • Itani KMF, Weigelt J, Li JZ, et al. Linezolid reduces length of stay and duration of intravenous treatment compared with vancomycin for complicated skin and soft tissue infections due to suspected or proven methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Int J Antimicrob Agents 2005; 26: 442-8
    • (2005) Int J Antimicrob Agents , vol.26 , pp. 442-448
    • Itani, K.M.F.1    Weigelt, J.2    Li, J.Z.3
  • 42
    • 33644924347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Principles of appropriate antibiotic use
    • Niederman M. Principles of appropriate antibiotic use. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2005; 26 Suppl. 3: S170-5
    • (2005) Int J Antimicrob Agents , vol.26 , Issue.SUPPL. 3
    • Niederman, M.1
  • 43
    • 31344476129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimizing dosing strategies of antibacterials utilizing pharmacodynamic principles: Impact on the development of resistance
    • DeRyke CA, Lee SY, Kuti JL, et al. Optimizing dosing strategies of antibacterials utilizing pharmacodynamic principles: impact on the development of resistance. Drugs 2006; 66 (1): 1-14
    • (2006) Drugs , vol.66 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-14
    • DeRyke, C.A.1    Lee, S.Y.2    Kuti, J.L.3
  • 44
    • 0023119430 scopus 로고
    • Clinical response to aminoglycoside therapy: Importance of the ratio of peak concentration to minimal inhibitory concentration
    • Jan;
    • Moore RD, Lietman PS, Smith CR. Clinical response to aminoglycoside therapy: importance of the ratio of peak concentration to minimal inhibitory concentration. J Infect Dis 1987 Jan; 155 (1): 93-9
    • (1987) J Infect Dis , vol.155 , Issue.1 , pp. 93-99
    • Moore, R.D.1    Lietman, P.S.2    Smith, C.R.3
  • 46
    • 0036346589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aminoglycoside dosage regimens after therapeutic drug monitoring
    • Kirkpatrick CMJ, Begg EJ. Aminoglycoside dosage regimens after therapeutic drug monitoring. Clin Pharmacokinet 2002; 41 (10): 791-2
    • (2002) Clin Pharmacokinet , vol.41 , Issue.10 , pp. 791-792
    • Kirkpatrick, C.M.J.1    Begg, E.J.2
  • 47
    • 28844468813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vivo measurement of levofloxacin penetration into lung tissue after cardiac surgery
    • Hutschala D, Skhirtladze K, Zuckermann A, et al. In vivo measurement of levofloxacin penetration into lung tissue after cardiac surgery. Antimicrob Agents Chem 2005; 49 (12): 5107-11
    • (2005) Antimicrob Agents Chem , vol.49 , Issue.12 , pp. 5107-5111
    • Hutschala, D.1    Skhirtladze, K.2    Zuckermann, A.3
  • 48
    • 1642362414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Steady state intrapulmonary concentrations of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin and azithromycin in older adults
    • Capitano B, Mattoes HM, Shore E, et al. Steady state intrapulmonary concentrations of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin and azithromycin in older adults. Chest 2005; 125: 965-73
    • (2005) Chest , vol.125 , pp. 965-973
    • Capitano, B.1    Mattoes, H.M.2    Shore, E.3
  • 49
    • 1442312056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population pharmacokinetics of gentamicin in hospitalized patients receiving once-daily dosing
    • Xuan D, Nicolau DP, Nightingale CH. Population pharmacokinetics of gentamicin in hospitalized patients receiving once-daily dosing. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2004; 23: 291-5
    • (2004) Int J Antimicrob Agents , vol.23 , pp. 291-295
    • Xuan, D.1    Nicolau, D.P.2    Nightingale, C.H.3
  • 50
    • 0032979927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimizing aminoglycoside therapy for nosocomial pneumonia caused by gram-negative bacteria
    • Kashuba ADM, Nafziger AN, Drusano GL, et al. Optimizing aminoglycoside therapy for nosocomial pneumonia caused by gram-negative bacteria. Antimicrob Agents Chem 1999; 43 (3): 623-9
    • (1999) Antimicrob Agents Chem , vol.43 , Issue.3 , pp. 623-629
    • Kashuba, A.D.M.1    Nafziger, A.N.2    Drusano, G.L.3
  • 51
    • 0031724194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for toxicity in elderly patients given aminoglycosides once daily
    • Paterson DL, Robson JMB, Wagener MM, et al. Risk factors for toxicity in elderly patients given aminoglycosides once daily. J Geriatr Intern Med 1998; 13: 735-9
    • (1998) J Geriatr Intern Med , vol.13 , pp. 735-739
    • Paterson, D.L.1    Robson, J.M.B.2    Wagener, M.M.3
  • 52
    • 0032814522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective evaluation of the effect of an aminoglycoside dosing regimen on rates of observed nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity
    • Rybak MJ, Abate BJ, Kang L, et al. Prospective evaluation of the effect of an aminoglycoside dosing regimen on rates of observed nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity. Antimicrob Agents Chem 1999; 43 (7): 1549-55
    • (1999) Antimicrob Agents Chem , vol.43 , Issue.7 , pp. 1549-1555
    • Rybak, M.J.1    Abate, B.J.2    Kang, L.3
  • 53
    • 15544382379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacteriological and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of soft tissue infections from Northern India
    • Mohanty S, Kapil A, Dhawan B, et al. Bacteriological and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of soft tissue infections from Northern India. Indian J Med Sci 2004; 58 (1): 10-5
    • (2004) Indian J Med Sci , vol.58 , Issue.1 , pp. 10-15
    • Mohanty, S.1    Kapil, A.2    Dhawan, B.3
  • 54
    • 28144459346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Continuous versus intermittent intravenous administration of antibacterials with time-dependent action: A systematic review of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters
    • Kasiakou SK, Lawrence KR, Choulis N, et al. Continuous versus intermittent intravenous administration of antibacterials with time-dependent action: a systematic review of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters. Drugs 2005; 65 (17): 2499-511
    • (2005) Drugs , vol.65 , Issue.17 , pp. 2499-2511
    • Kasiakou, S.K.1    Lawrence, K.R.2    Choulis, N.3
  • 55
    • 33750592553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized, open-label, comparative study of piperacillin-tazobactam administered by continuous infusion versus intermittent infusion for treatment of hospitalized patients with complicated intra-abdominal infection
    • Nov;
    • Lau WK, Mercer D, Itani KM, et al. Randomized, open-label, comparative study of piperacillin-tazobactam administered by continuous infusion versus intermittent infusion for treatment of hospitalized patients with complicated intra-abdominal infection. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2006 Nov; 50 (11): 3556-61
    • (2006) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.50 , Issue.11 , pp. 3556-3561
    • Lau, W.K.1    Mercer, D.2    Itani, K.M.3
  • 56
    • 0036894189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacodynamic modeling of clarithromycin against macrolide-resistant [PCR-positive mef(A) or erm(B)] Streptococcus pneumoniae simulating clinically achievable serum and epithelial lining fluid free-drug concentrations
    • Noreddin AM, Roberts D, Nichol K, et al. Pharmacodynamic modeling of clarithromycin against macrolide-resistant [PCR-positive mef(A) or erm(B)] Streptococcus pneumoniae simulating clinically achievable serum and epithelial lining fluid free-drug concentrations. Antimicrob Agents Chem 2002; 46 (12): 4029-34
    • (2002) Antimicrob Agents Chem , vol.46 , Issue.12 , pp. 4029-4034
    • Noreddin, A.M.1    Roberts, D.2    Nichol, K.3
  • 57
    • 33644929543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of a new drug formulation: The rationale for high dose, short course therapy with azithromycin
    • Blumer JL. Evolution of a new drug formulation: the rationale for high dose, short course therapy with azithromycin. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2005; 26 Suppl. 3: S143-7
    • (2005) Int J Antimicrob Agents , vol.26 , Issue.SUPPL. 3
    • Blumer, J.L.1
  • 58
    • 33846020066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative pharmacokinetics of azithromycin in serum and white blood cells of healthy subjects receiving a single-dose extended-release regimen versus a 3-day immediate-release regimen
    • Jan;
    • Liu P, Allaudeen H, Chandra R, et al. Comparative pharmacokinetics of azithromycin in serum and white blood cells of healthy subjects receiving a single-dose extended-release regimen versus a 3-day immediate-release regimen. Antimicrob Agents Chemothe 2007 Jan; 51 (1): 103-9
    • (2007) Antimicrob Agents Chemothe , vol.51 , Issue.1 , pp. 103-109
    • Liu, P.1    Allaudeen, H.2    Chandra, R.3
  • 59
    • 33745008356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of discontinuing antibiotic treatment after three days versus eight days in mild to moderate-severe community acquired pneumonia: Randomized, double blind study
    • Moussaoui R, de Borgie CAJM, van den Broek P, et al. Effectiveness of discontinuing antibiotic treatment after three days versus eight days in mild to moderate-severe community acquired pneumonia: randomized, double blind study. BMJ 2006; 332: 1355-60
    • (2006) BMJ , vol.332 , pp. 1355-1360
    • Moussaoui, R.1    de Borgie, C.A.J.M.2    van den Broek, P.3
  • 60
    • 27644509159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three-day vs longer duration of antibiotic treatment for cystitis in women: Systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Katchman EA, Milo G, Paul M, et al. Three-day vs longer duration of antibiotic treatment for cystitis in women: systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Med 2005; 188: 1196-207
    • (2005) Am J Med , vol.188 , pp. 1196-1207
    • Katchman, E.A.1    Milo, G.2    Paul, M.3
  • 61
    • 27544498387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intrapulmonary concentrations of telithromycin: Clinical implications for respiratory tract infections due to Streptococcus pneumoniae
    • Ong CT, Dandekar PK, Sutherland C, et al. Intrapulmonary concentrations of telithromycin: clinical implications for respiratory tract infections due to Streptococcus pneumoniae. Chemotherapy 2005; 51: 339-46
    • (2005) Chemotherapy , vol.51 , pp. 339-346
    • Ong, C.T.1    Dandekar, P.K.2    Sutherland, C.3
  • 62
    • 25844505025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Telithromycin: The first ketolide antimicrobial
    • Nguyen M, Chung EP. Telithromycin: the first ketolide antimicrobial. Clin Ther 2005; 27 (8): 1144-63
    • (2005) Clin Ther , vol.27 , Issue.8 , pp. 1144-1163
    • Nguyen, M.1    Chung, E.P.2
  • 63
    • 33947194778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (Tygacil): The first in the glycylcycline class of antibiotics
    • Greer N. Tigecycline (Tygacil): the first in the glycylcycline class of antibiotics. Proc (Baylor Univ Med Cent) 2006; 19: 155-61
    • (2006) Proc (Baylor Univ Med Cent) , vol.19 , pp. 155-161
    • Tigecycline, G.N.1
  • 64
    • 0037251429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluoroquinolones in the elderly
    • Stahlmann R, Lode H. Fluoroquinolones in the elderly. Drugs Aging 2004; 20 (4): 289-302
    • (2004) Drugs Aging , vol.20 , Issue.4 , pp. 289-302
    • Stahlmann, R.1    Lode, H.2
  • 65
  • 66
    • 22244464898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin in intensive care patients
    • Navarro AS, Gandarillas C-I, Lerma FA, et al. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin in intensive care patients. Clin Pharmacokinet 2005; 44 (6): 627-35
    • (2005) Clin Pharmacokinet , vol.44 , Issue.6 , pp. 627-635
    • Navarro, A.S.1    Gandarillas, C.-I.2    Lerma, F.A.3
  • 67
    • 33744832470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levofloxacin use in the elderly: Focus on pneumonia
    • Cappelletty DM, Zervos M. Levofloxacin use in the elderly: focus on pneumonia. Aging Health 2006; 2 (3): 371-82
    • (2006) Aging Health , vol.2 , Issue.3 , pp. 371-382
    • Cappelletty, D.M.1    Zervos, M.2
  • 68
    • 0042743965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of a mathematical model to prevent in vivo amplification of antibiotic-resistant bacterial populations during therapy
    • Jumbe N, Louie A, Leary R, et al. Application of a mathematical model to prevent in vivo amplification of antibiotic-resistant bacterial populations during therapy. J Clin Invest 2003; 112: 275-85
    • (2003) J Clin Invest , vol.112 , pp. 275-285
    • Jumbe, N.1    Louie, A.2    Leary, R.3
  • 69
    • 29944438551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quinolone efflux pumps play a central role in emergence of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae
    • Jumbe NL, Louie A, Miller MH, et al. Quinolone efflux pumps play a central role in emergence of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chem 2006; 50 (1): 310-7
    • (2006) Antimicrob Agents Chem , vol.50 , Issue.1 , pp. 310-317
    • Jumbe, N.L.1    Louie, A.2    Miller, M.H.3
  • 70
    • 22544468795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacterial population responses to drug-selective pressure: Examination of garenoxacin's effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa
    • Tam VH, Louie A, Deziel MR, et al. Bacterial population responses to drug-selective pressure: examination of garenoxacin's effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Infect Dis 2005; 192: 420-8
    • (2005) J Infect Dis , vol.192 , pp. 420-428
    • Tam, V.H.1    Louie, A.2    Deziel, M.R.3
  • 71
    • 11144270151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between increased levofloxacin use and decreased susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the United States
    • Bhavani SM, Hammel JP, Jones RN, et al. Relationship between increased levofloxacin use and decreased susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the United States. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2005; 51: 31-7
    • (2005) Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis , vol.51 , pp. 31-37
    • Bhavani, S.M.1    Hammel, J.P.2    Jones, R.N.3
  • 72
    • 21844444791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antimicrobial safety: Focus on fluoroquinolones
    • Owens RC Jr, Ambrose PG. Antimicrobial safety: focus on fluoroquinolones. Clin Infect Dis 2005; 41: S144-57
    • (2005) Clin Infect Dis , vol.41
    • Owens Jr, R.C.1    Ambrose, P.G.2
  • 73
    • 28144464151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized trial comparing the cardiac rhythm safety of moxifloxacin vs levofloxacin in elderly patients hospitalized with community acquired pneumonia
    • Morganroth J, DiMarco JP, Anzueto A, et al. A randomized trial comparing the cardiac rhythm safety of moxifloxacin vs levofloxacin in elderly patients hospitalized with community acquired pneumonia. Chest 2005; 128: 3398-406
    • (2005) Chest , vol.128 , pp. 3398-3406
    • Morganroth, J.1    DiMarco, J.P.2    Anzueto, A.3
  • 74
    • 33644990125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of three fluoroquinolones on QT analysis after standard treatment courses
    • Tsikouris JP, Peeters MJ, Cox CD, et al. Effects of three fluoroquinolones on QT analysis after standard treatment courses. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2006; 11 (1): 52-6
    • (2006) Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol , vol.11 , Issue.1 , pp. 52-56
    • Tsikouris, J.P.1    Peeters, M.J.2    Cox, C.D.3
  • 76
    • 0032997535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tobramycin penetration into epithelial lining fluid of patients with pneumonia
    • Carcas AJ, García-Satué JL, Zapater P, et al. Tobramycin penetration into epithelial lining fluid of patients with pneumonia. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1999; 65: 245-50
    • (1999) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.65 , pp. 245-250
    • Carcas, A.J.1    García-Satué, J.L.2    Zapater, P.3
  • 77
    • 0037792114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluoroquinolone-associated tendinopathy: A critical review of the literature
    • Khaliq Y, Zhanel G. Fluoroquinolone-associated tendinopathy: a critical review of the literature. Clin Infect Dis 2003; 36: 1404-10
    • (2003) Clin Infect Dis , vol.36 , pp. 1404-1410
    • Khaliq, Y.1    Zhanel, G.2
  • 78
    • 18644375970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guide to selection of fluoroquinolones in patients with lower respiratory tract infections
    • Shams WE, Evans ME. Guide to selection of fluoroquinolones in patients with lower respiratory tract infections. Drugs 2005; 65 (7): 949
    • (2005) Drugs , vol.65 , Issue.7 , pp. 949
    • Shams, W.E.1    Evans, M.E.2
  • 79
    • 33750334103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluoroquinolone resistant Escherichia coli in the long-term care setting
    • Cohen AE, Lautenbach E, Morales KH, et al. Fluoroquinolone resistant Escherichia coli in the long-term care setting. Am J Med 2006; 119: 958-63
    • (2006) Am J Med , vol.119 , pp. 958-963
    • Cohen, A.E.1    Lautenbach, E.2    Morales, K.H.3
  • 80
    • 0035867015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Profile of moxifloxacin drug interactions
    • Stass H, Kubitza D. Profile of moxifloxacin drug interactions. Clin Infect Dis 2001; 32 Suppl. 1: S47-50
    • (2001) Clin Infect Dis , vol.32 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Stass, H.1    Kubitza, D.2
  • 81
    • 0033083770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug interactions and anti-infective therapies
    • Gregg CR. Drug interactions and anti-infective therapies. Am J Med 1999; 106 (2): 227-37
    • (1999) Am J Med , vol.106 , Issue.2 , pp. 227-237
    • Gregg, C.R.1
  • 82
    • 0030693352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytochrome P-450 3A: Interactions with dermatologic therapies
    • Singer MI, Shapiro LE, Shear NH. Cytochrome P-450 3A: interactions with dermatologic therapies. J Am Acad Dermatol 1997; 37 (5): 765-71
    • (1997) J Am Acad Dermatol , vol.37 , Issue.5 , pp. 765-771
    • Singer, M.I.1    Shapiro, L.E.2    Shear, N.H.3
  • 83
    • 0026446299 scopus 로고
    • Clarithromycin pharmacokinetics in healthy young and elderly volunteers
    • Nov;
    • Chu SY, Wilson DS, Guay DR, et al. Clarithromycin pharmacokinetics in healthy young and elderly volunteers. J Clin Pharmacol 1992 Nov; 32 (11): 1045-9
    • (1992) J Clin Pharmacol , vol.32 , Issue.11 , pp. 1045-1049
    • Chu, S.Y.1    Wilson, D.S.2    Guay, D.R.3
  • 84
    • 0027196659 scopus 로고
    • Effect of moderate or severe hepatic impairment on clarithromycin pharmacokinetics
    • Chu SY, Granneman GR, Pichotta PJ, et al. Effect of moderate or severe hepatic impairment on clarithromycin pharmacokinetics. J Clin Pharmacol 1993; 33: 480-5
    • (1993) J Clin Pharmacol , vol.33 , pp. 480-485
    • Chu, S.Y.1    Granneman, G.R.2    Pichotta, P.J.3
  • 85
    • 22544447418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fatal interaction between clarithromycin and colchicine in patients with renal insufficiency: A retrospective study
    • Hung IFN, Wu AKL, Cheng VCC, et al. Fatal interaction between clarithromycin and colchicine in patients with renal insufficiency: a retrospective study. Clin Infect Dis 2005; 41: 291-300
    • (2005) Clin Infect Dis , vol.41 , pp. 291-300
    • Hung, I.F.N.1    Wu, A.K.L.2    Cheng, V.C.C.3
  • 86
    • 33645634796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brief communication: Severe hepatotoxicity of telithromycin: three case reports and literature review
    • Clay KD, Hanson JS, Pope SD, et al. Brief communication: severe hepatotoxicity of telithromycin: three case reports and literature review. Ann Intern Med 2006; 144: 415-20
    • (2006) Ann Intern Med , vol.144 , pp. 415-420
    • Clay, K.D.1    Hanson, J.S.2    Pope, S.D.3
  • 87
    • 23644460187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetic/ pharmacodynamic profile for tigecycline: A new glycylcycline antimicrobial agent
    • Meagher AK, Ambrose PG, Grasela TH, et al. Pharmacokinetic/ pharmacodynamic profile for tigecycline: a new glycylcycline antimicrobial agent. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2005; 52: 165-71
    • (2005) Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis , vol.52 , pp. 165-171
    • Meagher, A.K.1    Ambrose, P.G.2    Grasela, T.H.3
  • 88
    • 0031454048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Penicillin dosing for pneumococcal pneumonia
    • Bryan CS, Talwani R, Stinson S. Penicillin dosing for pneumococcal pneumonia. Chest 1997; 112: 1657-64
    • (1997) Chest , vol.112 , pp. 1657-1664
    • Bryan, C.S.1    Talwani, R.2    Stinson, S.3
  • 90
    • 9144253111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of total and unbound ertapenem in healthy elderly subjects
    • Feb;
    • Musson DG, Majumdar A, Holland S, et al. Pharmacokinetics of total and unbound ertapenem in healthy elderly subjects. Antimicrob Agents Chem 2004 Feb; 48 (2): 521-4
    • (2004) Antimicrob Agents Chem , vol.48 , Issue.2 , pp. 521-524
    • Musson, D.G.1    Majumdar, A.2    Holland, S.3
  • 91
    • 0032930245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carbapenems and monobactams: Imipenem, meropenem and aztreonam
    • Hellinger WC, Brewer NS. Carbapenems and monobactams: imipenem, meropenem and aztreonam. Mayo Clin Proc 1999; 74 (4): 420-34
    • (1999) Mayo Clin Proc , vol.74 , Issue.4 , pp. 420-434
    • Hellinger, W.C.1    Brewer, N.S.2
  • 92
    • 33645771672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired target site penetration of vancomycin in diabetic patients following cardiac surgery
    • Skhirtladze K, Hutschala D, Fleck T, et al. Impaired target site penetration of vancomycin in diabetic patients following cardiac surgery. Antimicrob Agents Chem 2006; 50 (4): 1372-5
    • (2006) Antimicrob Agents Chem , vol.50 , Issue.4 , pp. 1372-1375
    • Skhirtladze, K.1    Hutschala, D.2    Fleck, T.3
  • 93
    • 0038778550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and tolerability of linezolid
    • French G. Safety and tolerability of linezolid. J Antimicrob Chem 2003; 51 Suppl. S2: ii45-53
    • (2003) J Antimicrob Chem , vol.51 , Issue.SUPPL. S2
    • French, G.1
  • 94
    • 0042925335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of linezolid in subjects with renal dysfunction
    • Sept;
    • Brier ME, Stalker DJ, Aronoff GR, et al. Pharmacokinetics of linezolid in subjects with renal dysfunction. Antimicrob Agents Chem 2003 Sept; 47 (9): 2775-80
    • (2003) Antimicrob Agents Chem , vol.47 , Issue.9 , pp. 2775-2780
    • Brier, M.E.1    Stalker, D.J.2    Aronoff, G.R.3
  • 95
    • 0037120588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linezolid-induced neuropathy [letter]
    • Corallo C, Paull AE. Linezolid-induced neuropathy [letter]. Med J Aust 2002; 177 (6): 332
    • (2002) Med J Aust , vol.177 , Issue.6 , pp. 332
    • Corallo, C.1    Paull, A.E.2
  • 96
    • 33845352095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk of serotonin syndrome with concomitant administration of linezolid and serotonin agonists
    • Huang V, Gortney JS. Risk of serotonin syndrome with concomitant administration of linezolid and serotonin agonists. Pharmacotherapy 2006; 26 (12): 1784-93
    • (2006) Pharmacotherapy , vol.26 , Issue.12 , pp. 1784-1793
    • Huang, V.1    Gortney, J.S.2
  • 97
    • 33744503144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of mammalian mitochondrial protein synthesis by oxazolidinones
    • Jun;
    • McKee EE, Ferguson M, Bentley AT, et al. Inhibition of mammalian mitochondrial protein synthesis by oxazolidinones. Antimicrob Agents Chem 2006 Jun; 50 (6): 2042-9
    • (2006) Antimicrob Agents Chem , vol.50 , Issue.6 , pp. 2042-2049
    • McKee, E.E.1    Ferguson, M.2    Bentley, A.T.3
  • 98
    • 33645763684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linezolid-induced inhibition of mitochondrial protein synthesis
    • DeVriese AS, Van Coster R, Smet J, et al. Linezolid-induced inhibition of mitochondrial protein synthesis. Clin Infect Dis 2006; 42: 1111-7
    • (2006) Clin Infect Dis , vol.42 , pp. 1111-1117
    • DeVriese, A.S.1    Van Coster, R.2    Smet, J.3
  • 99
    • 23744466563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Penetration of gentamicin into the alveolar lining fluid of critically ill patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia
    • Aug;
    • Panidis D, Markantonis SL, Boutzouka E, et al. Penetration of gentamicin into the alveolar lining fluid of critically ill patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia. Chest 2005 Aug; 128: 545-52
    • (2005) Chest , vol.128 , pp. 545-552
    • Panidis, D.1    Markantonis, S.L.2    Boutzouka, E.3
  • 100
    • 0141994723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Penetration of moxifloxacin into healthy and inflamed subcutaneous adipose tissues in humans
    • Oct;
    • Joukhadar C, Stass H, Müller-Zellenberg U, et al. Penetration of moxifloxacin into healthy and inflamed subcutaneous adipose tissues in humans. Antimicrob Agents Chem 2003 Oct; 47 (10): 3099-103
    • (2003) Antimicrob Agents Chem , vol.47 , Issue.10 , pp. 3099-3103
    • Joukhadar, C.1    Stass, H.2    Müller-Zellenberg, U.3
  • 101
    • 2342523338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tissue pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin in human soft tissue infections
    • Bellman R, Kuchling G, Dehghanyar P, et al. Tissue pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin in human soft tissue infections. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2004; 57 (5): 563-8
    • (2004) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.57 , Issue.5 , pp. 563-568
    • Bellman, R.1    Kuchling, G.2    Dehghanyar, P.3
  • 102
    • 29944437033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin XR (1000mg) versus levofloxacin (500mg) in plasma and urine of male and female healthy volunteers receiving a single oral dose
    • Wagenlehner FME, Kinzig-Schippers M, Tischmeyer U, et al. Pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin XR (1000mg) versus levofloxacin (500mg) in plasma and urine of male and female healthy volunteers receiving a single oral dose. Antimicrob Agents 2006; 27: 7-14
    • (2006) Antimicrob Agents , vol.27 , pp. 7-14
    • Wagenlehner, F.M.E.1    Kinzig-Schippers, M.2    Tischmeyer, U.3
  • 103
    • 0029797053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of bronchopulmonary pharmacokinetics of clarithromycin and azithromycin
    • Oct;
    • Patel KB, Xuan D, Tessier PR, et al. Comparison of bronchopulmonary pharmacokinetics of clarithromycin and azithromycin. Antimicrob Agents Chem 1996 Oct; 40 (10): 2375-9
    • (1996) Antimicrob Agents Chem , vol.40 , Issue.10 , pp. 2375-2379
    • Patel, K.B.1    Xuan, D.2    Tessier, P.R.3
  • 104
    • 17444411576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Penetration of telithromycin into the nasal mucosa and ethmoid bone of patients undergoing rhinosurgery for chronic sinusitis
    • Kuehnel TS, Schurr C, Lotter K, et al. Penetration of telithromycin into the nasal mucosa and ethmoid bone of patients undergoing rhinosurgery for chronic sinusitis. J Antimicrob Chem 2005; 55: 591-4
    • (2005) J Antimicrob Chem , vol.55 , pp. 591-594
    • Kuehnel, T.S.1    Schurr, C.2    Lotter, K.3
  • 105
    • 12344323603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacodynamic activity of telithromycin against macrolide-susceptible and macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae simulating clinically achievable free serum and epithelial lining fluid concentrations
    • Zhanel GG, Johanson C, Hisanaga T, et al. Pharmacodynamic activity of telithromycin against macrolide-susceptible and macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae simulating clinically achievable free serum and epithelial lining fluid concentrations. J Antimicrob Chem 2004; 54: 1072-7
    • (2004) J Antimicrob Chem , vol.54 , pp. 1072-1077
    • Zhanel, G.G.1    Johanson, C.2    Hisanaga, T.3
  • 106
    • 19544371022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Steady-state serum and intrapulmonary pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of tigecycline
    • Conte JE Jr, Golden JA, Kelly MG, et al. Steady-state serum and intrapulmonary pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of tigecycline. Antimicrob Agents 2005; 25: 523-9
    • (2005) Antimicrob Agents , vol.25 , pp. 523-529
    • Conte Jr, J.E.1    Golden, J.A.2    Kelly, M.G.3
  • 107
    • 0032873185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wise R, Honeybourne D. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of fluoroquinolones in the respiratory tract [published erratum appears in Eur Respir J 1999 Nov; 14 (5): 1239]. Eur Respir J 1999 Jul; 14 (1): 221-9
    • Wise R, Honeybourne D. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of fluoroquinolones in the respiratory tract [published erratum appears in Eur Respir J 1999 Nov; 14 (5): 1239]. Eur Respir J 1999 Jul; 14 (1): 221-9
  • 108
    • 0037789570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Penetration of piperacillin and tazobactam into pneumonic human lung tissue measured by in vivo microdialysis
    • Tomaselli F, Dittrich P, Maier A, et al. Penetration of piperacillin and tazobactam into pneumonic human lung tissue measured by in vivo microdialysis. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2003; 55: 620-4
    • (2003) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.55 , pp. 620-624
    • Tomaselli, F.1    Dittrich, P.2    Maier, A.3
  • 109
    • 25844444104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Penetration of piperacillin and tazobactam into inflamed soft tissue of patients with diabetic foot infection
    • Oct;
    • Legat FJ, Krause R, Zenahlik P, et al. Penetration of piperacillin and tazobactam into inflamed soft tissue of patients with diabetic foot infection. Antimicrob Agents Chem 2005 Oct; 49 (10): 4368-71
    • (2005) Antimicrob Agents Chem , vol.49 , Issue.10 , pp. 4368-4371
    • Legat, F.J.1    Krause, R.2    Zenahlik, P.3
  • 110
    • 2442546683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Steady-state plasma and intrapulmonary concentrations of piperacillin/tazobactam 4g/0.5g administered to critically ill patients with severe nosocomial pneumonia
    • Boselli E, Breilh D, Cannesson M, et al. Steady-state plasma and intrapulmonary concentrations of piperacillin/tazobactam 4g/0.5g administered to critically ill patients with severe nosocomial pneumonia. Intensive Care Med 2004; 30: 976-9
    • (2004) Intensive Care Med , vol.30 , pp. 976-979
    • Boselli, E.1    Breilh, D.2    Cannesson, M.3
  • 111
    • 0037379523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tissue penetration by ertapenem, a parenteral carbapenem administered once daily, in suction-induced skin blister fluid in healthy young volunteers
    • Apr;
    • Laethem T, De Lepeleire I, McCrea J, et al. Tissue penetration by ertapenem, a parenteral carbapenem administered once daily, in suction-induced skin blister fluid in healthy young volunteers. Antimicrob Agents Chem 2003 Apr; 47 (4): 1439-42
    • (2003) Antimicrob Agents Chem , vol.47 , Issue.4 , pp. 1439-1442
    • Laethem, T.1    De Lepeleire, I.2    McCrea, J.3
  • 112
    • 18844397045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Penetration of ertapenem into different pulmonary compartments of patients undergoing lung surgery
    • Burkhardt O, Majacher-Peszynska J, Borner K, et al. Penetration of ertapenem into different pulmonary compartments of patients undergoing lung surgery. J Clin Pharmacol 2005; 45: 659-65
    • (2005) J Clin Pharmacol , vol.45 , pp. 659-665
    • Burkhardt, O.1    Majacher-Peszynska, J.2    Borner, K.3
  • 113
    • 2542443541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Penetration of meropenem into pneumonic human lung tissue as measured by in vivo microdialysis
    • Jun;
    • Tomaselli F, Maier A, Matzi V, et al. Penetration of meropenem into pneumonic human lung tissue as measured by in vivo microdialysis. Antimicrob Agents Chem 2004 Jun; 48 (6): 2228-32
    • (2004) Antimicrob Agents Chem , vol.48 , Issue.6 , pp. 2228-2232
    • Tomaselli, F.1    Maier, A.2    Matzi, V.3
  • 114
    • 0036095347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tissue distribution of imipenem in critically ill patients
    • Tegeder I, Schmidtko A, Brautigam L, et al. Tissue distribution of imipenem in critically ill patients. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2002; 71: 325-33
    • (2002) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.71 , pp. 325-333
    • Tegeder, I.1    Schmidtko, A.2    Brautigam, L.3
  • 115
    • 0036850671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linezolid penetration into osteo-articular tissues
    • Rana B, Butcher I, Grigoris P, et al. Linezolid penetration into osteo-articular tissues. J Antimicrob Chem 2002; 50: 747-50
    • (2002) J Antimicrob Chem , vol.50 , pp. 747-750
    • Rana, B.1    Butcher, I.2    Grigoris, P.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.