Selective killing of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum by a benzylthiazolium dye

Experimental Parasitology

Volumn 116, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 103-110

  Kelly, Jane X ^a,b   Winter, Rolf W ^a,b   Braun, Theodore P ^a   Osei Agyemang, Myralyn ^a   Hinrichs, David J ^a   Riscoe, Michael K ^a,b  

^a PORTLAND VA MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b PORTLAND STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

3 methyl 2 (3,7 dimethyl 6 purinylidene) methyl benzothiazolium; 50 inhibitory concentration; BCP; benzothiocarboxypurine; IC50; normal red blood cells; NPP; NRBC; nutrient permeable pathway; Plasmodial surface anion channel; Plasmodium infected red blood cells; PRBC; PSAC; PUR 1

Indexed keywords

ANION; ANION CHANNEL; ANTIMALARIAL AGENT; BENZOTHIOCARBOXYPURINE; BENZYLTHIAZOLIUM; FLUORESCENT DYE; NUCLEIC ACID; REAGENT; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ARTICLE; CELL LINE; CELL MEMBRANE PERMEABILITY; CYTOTOXICITY; DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE; ERYTHROCYTE MEMBRANE; FLUORESCENCE; HIGH THROUGHPUT SCREENING; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; MOLECULAR WEIGHT; NONHUMAN; NUTRIENT; PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTOZOON; SOLUTE;

ANIMALS; ANTIMALARIALS; CELL LINE; COLORING AGENTS; ERYTHROCYTES; HUMANS; MALARIA, FALCIPARUM; MICROSCOPY, CONFOCAL; PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM; PURINES;

PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM; PROTOZOA;

EID: 34247204119     PISSN: 00144894     EISSN: 10902449     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2006.12.001     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Alkhalil A., Cohn J.V., Wagner M.A., Cabrera J.S., Rajapandi T., and Desai S.A. Plasmodium falciparum likely encodes the principal anion channel on infected human erythrocytes. Blood 104 (2004) 4279-4286
2. Bray P.G., Barrett M.P., Ward S.A., and de Koning H.P. Pentamidine uptake and resistance in pathogenic protozoa: past, present and future. Trends in Parasitology 19 (2003) 232-239
3. Canfield C.J., Milhous W.K., Ager A.L., Rossan R.N., Sweeney T.R., Lewis N.J., and Jacobus D.P. PS-15: A potent, orally active antimalarial from a new class of folic acid antagonists. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 49 (1993) 121-126
4. Carter N.S., Ben Mamoun C., Liu W., Silva E.O., Landfear S.M., Goldberg D.E., and Ullman B. Isolation and functional characterization of the PfNT1 nucleoside transporter gene from Plasmodium falciparum. Journal of Biological Chemistry 275 (2000) 10683-10691
5. Carter N.S., Landfear S.M., and Ullman B. Nucleoside transporters of parasitic protozoa. Trends in Parasitology 17 (2001) 142-145
6. Chiang P.K., Bujnicki J.M., Su X., and Lanar D.E. Malaria: therapy, genes and vaccines. Current Molecular Medicine 6 (2006) 309-326
7. Cowman A.F. Functional analysis of drug resistance in Plasmodium falciparum in the post-genomic era. International Journal of Parasitology 31 (2001) 871-878
8. Desai S.A. Targeting ion channels of Plasmodium falciparum-infected human erythrocytes for antimalarial development. Current Drug Targets: Infectious Disorders 4 (2004) 79-86
9. Desai S.A., and Rosenberg R.L. Pore size of the malaria parasite's nutrient channel. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 94 (1997) 2045-2049
10. Desai S.A., Krogstad D.J., and McCleskey E.W. A nutrient-permeable channel on the intraerythrocytic malaria parasite. Nature 362 (1993) 643-646
11. Desai S.A., Bezrukov S.M., and Zimmerberg J. A voltage-dependent channel involved in nutrient uptake by red blood cells infected with the malaria parasite. Nature 406 (2000) 1001-1005
12. Fingeroth J.D., Weis J.J., Tedder T.F., Strominger J.L., Biro P.A., and Fearon D.T. Epstein-Barr virus receptor of human B lymphocytes is the C3d receptor CR2. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 81 (1984) 4510-4514
13. Ginsburg H., and Stein W.D. How many functional transport pathways does Plasmodium falciparum induce in the membrane of its host erythrocyte?. Trends in Parasitology 21 (2005) 118-121
14. Greenwood B.M., Bojang K., Whitty C.J., and Targett G.A. Malaria. Lancet 365 (2005) 1487-1498
15. Hunt Cooke A., Moody A.H., Lemon K., Chiodini P.L., and Horton J. Use of the fluorochrome benzothiocarboxypurine in malaria diagnosis. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 86 (1992) 378
16. Hunt Cooke A., Morris-Jones S., Horton J., Greenwood B.M., Moody A.H., and Chiodini P.L. Evaluation of benzothiocarboxypurine for malaria diagnosis in an endemic area. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 87 (1993) 549
17. Jensen J.B., and Trager W. Plasmodium falciparum in culture: establishment of additional strains. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 27 (1978) 743-746
18. Jensen N.P., Ager A.L., Bliss R.A., Canfield C.J., Kotecka B.M., Rieckmann K.H., Terpinski J., and Jacobus D.P. Phenoxypropoxybiguanides, prodrugs of DHFR-inhibiting diaminotriazine antimalarials. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 44 (2001) 3925-3931
19. Kelly J.X., Winter R., Peyton D.H., Hinrichs D.J., and Riscoe M. Optimization of xanthones for antimalarial activity: the 3,6-bis-omega-diethylamino-alkoxyxanthone series. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 46 (2002) 144-150
20. Kinyanjui S.M., Mberu E.K., Winstanley P.A., Jacobus D.P., and Watkins W.M. The antimalarial triazine WR99210 and the prodrug PS-15: folate reversal of in vitro activity against Plasmodium falciparum and a non-antifolate mode of action of the prodrug. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 60 (1999) 943-947
21. Kirk K. Malaria. Channelling nutrients. Nature 406 (2000) 949-951
22. Kirk K. Channels and transporters as drug targets in the Plasmodium-infected erythrocyte. Acta Tropica 89 (2004) 285-298
23. Kirk K., Horner H.A., Elford B.C., Ellory J.C., and Newbold C.I. Transport of diverse substrates into malaria-infected erythrocytes via a pathway showing functional characteristics of a chloride channel. Journal of Biological Chemistry 269 (1994) 3339-3347
24. Koeffler H.P., and Golde D.W. Human myeloid leukemia cell lines: a review. Blood 56 (1980) 344-350
25. Lambros C., and Vanderberg J.P. Synchronization of Plasmodium falciparum erythrocytic stages in culture. Journal of Parasitology 65 (1979) 418-420
26. Lee, L., Mize, P., 1990. Novel fluorescent dye. United States Patent OfficeBecton. Dickinson and Company, USA.
27. Lisk G., Kang M., Cohn J.V., and Desai S.A. Specific inhibition of the plasmodial surface anion channel by dantrolene. Eukaryotic Cell 5 (2006) 1882-1893
28. Makler M.T., Ries L.K., Ries J., Horton R.J., and Hinrichs D.J. Detection of Plasmodium falciparum infection with the fluorescent dye, benzothiocarboxypurine. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 44 (1991) 11-16
29. Malkin E., Dubovsky F., and Moree M. Progress towards the development of malaria vaccines. Trends in Parasitology 22 (2006) 292-295
30. Nzila A., Mberu E., Bray P., Kokwaro G., Winstanley P., Marsh K., and Ward S. Chemosensitization of Plasmodium falciparum by probenecid in vitro. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 47 (2003) 2108-2112
31. Olliaro P. Mode of action and mechanisms of resistance for antimalarial drugs. Pharmacology and Therapeutics 89 (2001) 207-219
32. Parker M.D., Hyde R.J., Yao S.Y., McRobert L., Cass C.E., Young J.D., McConkey G.A., and Baldwin S.A. Identification of a nucleoside/nucleobase transporter from Plasmodium falciparum, a novel target for anti-malarial chemotherapy. Biochemical Journal 349 (2000) 67-75
33. Rager N., Mamoun C.B., Carter N.S., Goldberg D.E., and Ullman B. Localization of the Plasmodium falciparum PfNT1 Nucleoside transporter to the parasite plasma membrane. Journal of Biological Chemistry 276 (2001) 41095-41099
34. Sakurai A., Satomi N., and Haranaka K. Macrophage cell line, J774, producing a tumor necrosis factor. Japanese Journal of Experimental Medicine 56 (1986) 195-199
35. Trager W., and Jensen J.B. Human malaria parasites in continuous culture. Science 193 (1976) 673-675
36. Wang P., Brobey R.K., Horii T., Sims P.F., and Hyde J.E. Utilization of exogenous folate in the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum and its critical role in antifolate drug synergy. Molecular Microbiology 32 (1999) 1254-1262
37. Wellems T.E., and Plowe C.V. Chloroquine-resistant malaria. Journal of Infectious Diseases 184 (2001) 770-776