-
2
-
-
33947720602
-
-
For Viagra®(sildenafil), see: Brook, G. Drugs Today 2000, 26, 125.
-
For Viagra®(sildenafil), see: Brook, G. Drugs Today 2000, 26, 125.
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
0035064471
-
-
For Levitra®(vardenafil), see: Sorbera, L. A.; Martin, L.; Rabasseda, X.; Castaner, J. Drugs Future 2001, 26, 141.
-
For Levitra®(vardenafil), see: Sorbera, L. A.; Martin, L.; Rabasseda, X.; Castaner, J. Drugs Future 2001, 26, 141.
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
0035107498
-
-
For Cialis®(tadalafil), see: Sorbera, L. A.; Martin, L.; Leeson, P. A.; Castaner, J. Drugs Future 2001, 26, 15.
-
(a) For Cialis®(tadalafil), see: Sorbera, L. A.; Martin, L.; Leeson, P. A.; Castaner, J. Drugs Future 2001, 26, 15.
-
-
-
-
5
-
-
0141992797
-
-
For discovery of tadalafil, see
-
(b) For discovery of tadalafil, see: Daugan, A.; Grondin, P.; Ruault, C.; Gouville, A.-C. L. M.; Coste, H.; Kirilovsky, J.; Hyafil, F.; Labaudinière, R. J. Med. Chem. 2003, 46, 4525.
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Daugan, A.1
Grondin, P.2
Ruault, C.3
Gouville, A.-C.L.M.4
Coste, H.5
Kirilovsky, J.6
Hyafil, F.7
Labaudinière, R.8
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6
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-
0141992796
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-
(c) Daugan, A.; Grondin, P.; Ruault, C.; Gouville, A.-C. L. M.; Coste, H.; Kirilovsky, J.; Linget, J.-M.; Hyafil, F.; Labaudiniere, R. J. Med. Chem. 2003, 46, 4533.
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(2003)
J. Med. Chem
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Daugan, A.1
Grondin, P.2
Ruault, C.3
Gouville, A.-C.L.M.4
Coste, H.5
Kirilovsky, J.6
Linget, J.-M.7
Hyafil, F.8
Labaudiniere, R.9
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7
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1542301645
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(a)Jiang, W.; Alford, V.; Qiu, Y.; Bhattacharjee, S.; John, Y. M.; Haynes-Johnson, D.; Kraft, P. J.; Lundeen, S. G.; Sui, Z. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2004, 12, 1505.
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Bioorg. Med. Chem
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Jiang, W.1
Alford, V.2
Qiu, Y.3
Bhattacharjee, S.4
John, Y.M.5
Haynes-Johnson, D.6
Kraft, P.J.7
Lundeen, S.G.8
Sui, Z.9
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8
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9144222568
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(b) Lanter, J.; Sui, Z.; Macielag, M. J.; Fiordeliso, J.; Jiang, W.; Qiu, Y.; Bhattacharjee, S.; Kraft, P.; John, T. M.; Haynes-Johnson, D.; Craig, E.; Clancy, J. J. Med. Chem. 2004, 47, 656.
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J. Med. Chem
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Lanter, J.1
Sui, Z.2
Macielag, M.J.3
Fiordeliso, J.4
Jiang, W.5
Qiu, Y.6
Bhattacharjee, S.7
Kraft, P.8
John, T.M.9
Haynes-Johnson, D.10
Craig, E.11
Clancy, J.12
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9
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33947731191
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WO 2004000842
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(c) Jiang, W.; Sui, Z. WO 2004000842, 2003.
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(2003)
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Jiang, W.1
Sui, Z.2
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12444333500
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(d) Qiu, Y.; Bhattacharjee, S.; Kraft, P.; John, T. M.; Craig, E.; Haynes-Johnson, D.; Guan, J.; Jiang, W.; Macielag, M.; Sui, Z.; Clancy, J.; Lundeen, S. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 2003, 472, 73.
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Eur. J. Pharmacol
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Qiu, Y.1
Bhattacharjee, S.2
Kraft, P.3
John, T.M.4
Craig, E.5
Haynes-Johnson, D.6
Guan, J.7
Jiang, W.8
Macielag, M.9
Sui, Z.10
Clancy, J.11
Lundeen, S.12
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33947722772
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WO 2003042213
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(e) Jiang, W.; Sui, Z. WO 2003042213, 2003.
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(2003)
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Jiang, W.1
Sui, Z.2
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0037472832
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(f) Jiang, W.; Sui, Z.; Macielag, M.; Walsh, S. P.; Fiordeliso, J. J.; Lanter, J. C.; Guan, J.; Qiu, Y.; Kraft, P.; Bhattacharjee, S.; Craig, E.; Haynes-Johnson, D.; John, T. M.; Clancy, J. J. Med. Chem. 2003, 46, 441.
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Jiang, W.1
Sui, Z.2
Macielag, M.3
Walsh, S.P.4
Fiordeliso, J.J.5
Lanter, J.C.6
Guan, J.7
Qiu, Y.8
Kraft, P.9
Bhattacharjee, S.10
Craig, E.11
Haynes-Johnson, D.12
John, T.M.13
Clancy, J.14
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(g) Jiang, W.; Sui, Z.; Chen, X. Org. Lett. 2003, 5, 43.
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Org. Lett
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Jiang, W.1
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(h) Jiang, W.; Sui, Z.; Chen, X. Tetrahedron Lett. 2002, 43, 8941.
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(2002)
Tetrahedron Lett
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Jiang, W.1
Sui, Z.2
Chen, X.3
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0037068429
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(i) Sui, Z.; Guan, J.; Macielag, M.; Jiang, W.; Zhang, S.; Qiu, Y.; Kraft, P.; Bhattacharjee, S.; John, T. M.; Hyanes-Johnson, D.; Clancy, J. J. Med. Chem. 2002, 456, 4094.
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J. Med. Chem
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Sui, Z.1
Guan, J.2
Macielag, M.3
Jiang, W.4
Zhang, S.5
Qiu, Y.6
Kraft, P.7
Bhattacharjee, S.8
John, T.M.9
Hyanes-Johnson, D.10
Clancy, J.11
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16
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33947732949
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WO 2001087882
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(j) Sui, Z.; Macielag, M.; Guan, J.; Jiang, W.; Lanter, J. C. WO 2001087882, 2001.
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(2001)
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Sui, Z.1
Macielag, M.2
Guan, J.3
Jiang, W.4
Lanter, J.C.5
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17
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20144367317
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(k) Jiang, W.; Guan, J.; Macielag, J. M.; Zhang, S.; Qiu, Y.; Kraft, P.; Bhattacharjee, S.; John, T. M.; Haynes-Johnson, D.; Lundeen, S.; Sui, Z. J. Med. Chem. 2005, 48, 2126.
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J. Med. Chem
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Jiang, W.1
Guan, J.2
Macielag, J.M.3
Zhang, S.4
Qiu, Y.5
Kraft, P.6
Bhattacharjee, S.7
John, T.M.8
Haynes-Johnson, D.9
Lundeen, S.10
Sui, Z.11
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18
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33845494970
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(a) Willemsens, B.; Vervest, I.; Ormerod, D.; Aelterman, W.; Fannes, C.; Mertens, N.; Markó, I. E.; Lemaire, S. Org. Process Res. Dev. 2006, 10, 1275.
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(2006)
Org. Process Res. Dev
, vol.10
, pp. 1275
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Willemsens, B.1
Vervest, I.2
Ormerod, D.3
Aelterman, W.4
Fannes, C.5
Mertens, N.6
Markó, I.E.7
Lemaire, S.8
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20
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26444503088
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Li, X.; Branum, S.; Russel, R. K.; Jiang, W.; Sui, Z. Org. Process Res. Dev. 2005, 9, 640.
-
(2005)
Org. Process Res. Dev
, vol.9
, pp. 640
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Li, X.1
Branum, S.2
Russel, R.K.3
Jiang, W.4
Sui, Z.5
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21
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0037010827
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Jiang, W.; Sui, Z.; Chen, X. Tetrahedron Lett. 2002, 43, 8941.
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(2002)
Tetrahedron Lett
, vol.43
, pp. 8941
-
-
Jiang, W.1
Sui, Z.2
Chen, X.3
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23
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33947725897
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-
To confirm the stereochemistry of compound 3, the two diastereoisomers trans-3 and cis-3 were prepared in a two-step sequence. Treatment of unprotected L-tryptophan methyl ester with aldehyde 2 leads to the quantitative formation of the corresponding carbolines in a 45:55 cis:trans ratio. An NMR study allowed the identification of both diastereoisomers without ambiguity. After separation by chromatography, each isomer was benzylated leading to pure compounds cis-3 and trans-3 used as references to assess the trans stereochemistry of compound 3 obtained from tryptophan derivative 1.
-
To confirm the stereochemistry of compound 3, the two diastereoisomers trans-3 and cis-3 were prepared in a two-step sequence. Treatment of unprotected L-tryptophan methyl ester with aldehyde 2 leads to the quantitative formation of the corresponding carbolines in a 45:55 cis:trans ratio. An NMR study allowed the identification of both diastereoisomers without ambiguity. After separation by chromatography, each isomer was benzylated leading to pure compounds cis-3 and trans-3 used as references to assess the trans stereochemistry of compound 3 obtained from tryptophan derivative 1.
-
-
-
-
24
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33847086491
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For the attribution of the cis:trans ratio, see: (a) Ungemach, F.; Soerens, D.; Weber, R.; DiPierro, M.; Campos, O.; Mokry, P.; Cook, J. M.; Silverton, J. V. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 6976.
-
For the attribution of the cis:trans ratio, see: (a) Ungemach, F.; Soerens, D.; Weber, R.; DiPierro, M.; Campos, O.; Mokry, P.; Cook, J. M.; Silverton, J. V. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 6976.
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-
-
-
27
-
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0014435890
-
-
For the mechanism
-
(b) For the mechanism: Belleau, B.; Martel, R.; Lacasse, G.; Menard, M.; Weinberg, N. L.; Perron, Y. G. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1968, 823.
-
(1968)
J. Am. Chem. Soc
, pp. 823
-
-
Belleau, B.1
Martel, R.2
Lacasse, G.3
Menard, M.4
Weinberg, N.L.5
Perron, Y.G.6
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30
-
-
0342416004
-
-
Peng, S.; Zhang, L.; Cai, M.; Winterfeldt, E. Liebigs Ann. Chem. 1993, 141.
-
(1993)
Liebigs Ann. Chem
, pp. 141
-
-
Peng, S.1
Zhang, L.2
Cai, M.3
Winterfeldt, E.4
-
31
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33947718597
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-
Procedure for Compound 3 (65 mmol scale, In a round-bottomed flask charged with toluene (6 L/mol, N-benzyl-L-tryptophan methyl ester (1 equiv) and the aromatic aldehyde 2 (1.05 equiv) were added at r.t. Finally, PTSA (0.1 equiv) was added and the reaction mixture was refluxed in a Dean-Stark apparatus for 22 h. After cooling to r.t, sat. aq NaHCO3 (0.2 L/mol) was added. After 15 min of stirring and then separation of the two phases, the organic solvent was evaporated under vacuum. The obtained crude product was purified by crystallisation from t-BuOMe (3 L/ mol) to afford compound 3 in 73% yield. 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3, δ, 7.51-7.07 (m, 12 H, 6.72 (d, 1 H, J, 8 Hz, 5.39 (s, 1 H, 4.53 (t, 2 H, J, 9 Hz, 3.94 (m, 1 H, 3.80 (m, 2 H, 3.61 (s, 3 H, 3.19 (m, 2 H, 3.13 (t, 2 Hz, J, 9 Hz, 13C NMR 75 MHz, CDCl3, δ, 173.7, 160.0, 139.7, 136.5, 135
-
-1. MS (EI, 70eV): m/z = 438.3, 379.4, 347.1, 184.2.
-
-
-
-
32
-
-
33947717652
-
-
Procedure for Compound 4 (46 mmol scale, Compound 3 (1 equiv) was dissolved in MeOH-THF (6 L/mol; 1:1) at r.t. Then, aq NaOH (3 L/mol, 15% w/w) was added in one portion. After 28 h of stirring at r.t, the organic mixture was acidified to pH 6-7 and extracted by CH2Cl2 (5 L/mol, 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3, δ, 8.20 (br s, 1 H, 7.60 (s, 1 H, 7.43 (d, 1 H, J, 8 Hz, 7.21-6.94 (m, 10 H, 6.58 (d, 1 H, J, 14 Hz, 5.22 (s, 1 H, 4.40 (t, 2 H, J, 9 Hz, 3.88 (m, 1 H, 3.85 (AB, 1 H, J, 14 Hz, 3.74 (AB, 1 H, J, 14 Hz, 3.13 (d, 2 H, J, 5 Hz, 3.00 (t, 2 H, J, 9 Hz, Then, at r.t, NH4)2CO3 (3 equiv) and EEDQ (1.1 equiv) were added to the CH2Cl2 phase. After a 16 h stirring period, the organic phase was filtered over dicalite. Then the organic layer was washed with H2O (3 L/mol) and the organic solvent was e
-
-1. MS (EI, 70 eV): m/z = 404.4, 260.1, 233.1, 169.1, 91.5.
-
-
-
-
33
-
-
33947721138
-
-
Procedure for Compound 5 (1.23 mmol scale, Compound 4 (1 equiv) was dissolved in EtOH-pyridine (5 L/mol, 2:1) at r.t. Then, NaBH 4 (5 equiv) was added and the reaction mixture was heated to 70°C for 12 h. A second portion of NaBH4 (5 equiv) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred for additional 12 h at 70°C. After completion, aq NH4Cl (5 L/mol) and CH2Cl2 (5 L/mol) were added. The organic layers were separated and the organic solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure to afford compound 5 in 97% yield; er 95.7:4.3. 1H NMR (200 MHz, CDCl3, δ, 7.56-7.03 (m, 11 H, 6.81 (d, 1 H, J, 8 Hz, 4.64 (t, 3 H, J, 9 Hz, 3.92 (AB, 1 H, J, 14 Hz, 3.42 (AB, 1 H, J, 14 Hz, 3.35-3.19 (m, 3 H, 3.00-2.61 (m, 3 H, MS EI, 70 eV, m/z, 380.1, 355.1, 261.2, 260.1, 184.1, 91.0, 73.1. IR: 3406, 1614, 1488, 1307, 1241, 981 cm-1
-
-1.
-
-
-
-
34
-
-
33947726687
-
-
3): δ = 7.63-7.52 (m, 2 H), 7.25-7.02 (m, 5 Hz), 6.73 (d, 1 H, J = 8 Hz), 5.08 (s, 1 H), 4.55 (t, 2 H, J = 8 Hz), 3.35 (m, 1 H), 3.12 (t, 2 H, J = 8 Hz), 3.08 (m, 1 H), 2.85 (m, 2 H), 1.80 (s, 1 H).
-
3): δ = 7.63-7.52 (m, 2 H), 7.25-7.02 (m, 5 Hz), 6.73 (d, 1 H, J = 8 Hz), 5.08 (s, 1 H), 4.55 (t, 2 H, J = 8 Hz), 3.35 (m, 1 H), 3.12 (t, 2 H, J = 8 Hz), 3.08 (m, 1 H), 2.85 (m, 2 H), 1.80 (s, 1 H).
-
-
-
-
35
-
-
33947716992
-
-
Procedure for Compound 7 (69 mmol scale, Compound 6 (1 equiv) was partially dissolved in CH2Cl2 (5 L/mol) at r.t. After cooling at 0°C, Et3N (1.5 equiv) was added followed by the dropwise addition over 10 min of (CF3CO)O (1.2 equiv) in CH 2Cl2 (1 L/mol, After a 0.5 h stirring period, the reaction mixture was quenched with sat. NaHCO3. The organic layer was evaporated under reduced pressure to afford compound 7 in >95% yield. 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3, δ, 7.90 (br s, 1 H, 7.54 (d, 1 H, J, 7 Hz, 7.32-7.02 (m, 5 H, 6.82 (s, 1 H, 6.69 (d, 1 H, J, 8 Hz, 4.55 (t, 2 H, J, 9 Hz, 4.08 (m, 1 H, 3.55 (m, 1 H, 3.13 (t, 2 H, J, 9 Hz, 2.98 (m, 2 H, 13C NMR 150 MHz, CDCl3, δ, 160.5, 136.3, 130.4, 130.3, 128.9, 127.8, 126.2, 125.6, 122.5, 119.9, 118.2, 111.2, 109.4, 109.2, 71.5, 53.6, 45.9, 29.4, 2
-
3): δ = -68.64.
-
-
-
-
36
-
-
33947720472
-
-
6): δ = 202.2, 168.4, 159.5, 137.9, 136.4, 132.5, 128.0, 127.6, 127.0, 126.7, 126.3, 125.4, 123.9, 108.6, 71.2, 61.8, 44.0, 43.3, 39.8, 39.6, 39.3, 3.09, 29.1.
-
6): δ = 202.2, 168.4, 159.5, 137.9, 136.4, 132.5, 128.0, 127.6, 127.0, 126.7, 126.3, 125.4, 123.9, 108.6, 71.2, 61.8, 44.0, 43.3, 39.8, 39.6, 39.3, 3.09, 29.1.
-
-
-
-
37
-
-
33947713320
-
-
Procedure for Compound 9 (12 mmol scale, Compound 8 (1 equiv) was dissolved in EtOH (10 L/mol) at r.t. Then, KOH (2 equiv) dissolved in H2O was added to the reaction mixture. After a 16 h stirring period at r.t, sat. NH4Cl was added and the reaction mixture was extracted with EtOAc. The evaporation of the organic layer under reduced pressure afforded compound 9 in 90% yield. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO, δ, 11.58 (s, 1 H, 8.13 (d, 1 H, J, 7.81 Hz, 7.61-7.53 (m, 2 H, 7.29 (ddd, 1 H, J, 8.12, 5.85, 2.14 Hz, 7.17 (s, 1 H, 7.07 (dd, 1 H, J, 8.31, 1.76 Hz, 6.73 (d, 1 H, J, 8.31 Hz, 5.38 (br s, 1 H, 4.50 (t, 2 H, J, 9.06 Hz, 4.18 (dd, 1 H, J, 12.97, 2.90 Hz, 4.02 (dd, 1 H, J, 12.97, 1.38 Hz, 3.60 (br s, 1 H, 3.13 (t, 2 H, J, 8.69 Hz, 13C NMR 100 MHz, DMSO, δ, 173.5, 159.3, 153.9, 140.7, 134.5, 131.0, 127.6, 127.4, 125.2, 124.7, 124.3, 122.7
-
13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO): δ = 173.5, 159.3, 153.9, 140.7, 134.5, 131.0, 127.6, 127.4, 125.2, 124.7, 124.3, 122.7, 118.4, 118.0, 108.6, 71.0, 66.3, 48.9, 29.0.
-
-
-
-
38
-
-
33947732514
-
-
Enantioselective Enrichment of Compound 9 (33.35 mol scale, Compound 9 (1 equiv) was dissolved in H2O (2 L/mol) at r.t. Then, aq HCl 34.5% w/w (0.09 L/mol) was dropwise added to the heterogeneous mixture. Afterwards, the reaction mixture was heated at 60°C and 2-PrOH (0.54 L/mol) was added dropwise. After 30 min, the reaction mixture was cooled down to r.t. and stirred overnight. The reaction mixture was filtered and dried under reduced pressure. The obtained HCl salt was dissolved in EtOH (4 L/mol) at r.t. and aq NH3 50.5% w/w (0.1 L/mol) was added dropwise. After addition of H2O (2 L/mol) and seeding with compound 9, the reaction mixture was stirred for 16 h at r.t. The desired compound 9 was obtained by filtration with an er >99.5:0.5 in 59% yield
-
2O (2 L/mol) and seeding with compound 9, the reaction mixture was stirred for 16 h at r.t. The desired compound 9 was obtained by filtration with an er >99.5:0.5 in 59% yield.
-
-
-
-
39
-
-
33947732179
-
-
Procedure for RWJ387273 (2.5 mol scale, In degassed THF (10 L/mol) under inert atmosphere, Pd2(dba)3 (0.04 equiv) was added followed by the addition of (±)-BINAP (0.09 equiv) at r.t. After stirring for 30 min, 2-bromopyridine (1.2 equiv) was added over 10 min. Finally, pyrroloquinolone 1 (1 equiv) and t-BuONa (2.5 equiv) were added and the mixture was allowed to warm up to 60°C and kept at that temperature for 5 h. After cooling to r.t, dicalite (20 g/mol) was added and the mixture was filtered. The cake was washed with THF (2 L/mol, Then, H2O (8 L/mol) was added to the organic mixture, followed by aq HCl 34.5% w/w (0.275 L/mol, After stirring for 30 min at r.t, EtOAc (4.3 L/mol) was added and the mixture was stirred for another 15 min. The two layers were separated and the organic layer was discarded. Then, EtOAc (5.4 L/mol) was added to the aqueous layer, followed by the addition of aq NH3 50% w/w 0.26
-
3OD): δ = 8.30 (d, 1 H, J = 9.3 Hz), 8.02 (m, 1 H), 7.35 (m, 4 H), 7.10 (m, 3 H), 6.55 (m, 2 H), 4.85 (d, 1 H, J = 22.0 Hz), 4.54 (d, 1 H, J = 22.0 Hz), 4.40 (t, 2 H, J = 9.5 Hz), 2.92 (t, 2 H, J = 9.5 Hz).
-
-
-
-
40
-
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33947730069
-
-
Analytical Method. The progress of the reaction and the purity of the products were measured by HPLC, employing (Method A: LCC01/ 209/01/01) a 10 cm Hypersil BDS column (4.0 mm I.D, 3 μm spherical material, UV wavelength of 254 nm) at r.t. The elution gradient was 5% MeCN/95% NH4OAc (0.5% in H2O) ramping to 95% MeCN/5% NH4OAc (0.5% in H 2O) over 16 min, at a flow rate of 1.2 mL/min, then kept 95% MeCN/5% NH4OAc (0.5% in H2O) for 3 min. Optical purities were measured by Capillary Electrophoresis employing (Method B: CEO 01/211/01/01) a 57 cm uncoated fused silica column (75 μm I.D, 375 μm O.D, UV wavelength of 200 nm) at 20°C. The mobile phase consisted of a 50 mM phosphate buffer, at pH 3.0; the chiral selector of 10 mM DM-β-CD. Each run lasted 30 min
-
2O) for 3 min. Optical purities were measured by Capillary Electrophoresis employing (Method B: CEO 01/211/01/01) a 57 cm uncoated fused silica column (75 μm I.D., 375 μm O.D., UV wavelength of 200 nm) at 20°C. The mobile phase consisted of a 50 mM phosphate buffer, at pH 3.0; the chiral selector of 10 mM DM-β-CD. Each run lasted 30 min.
-
-
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