메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 106, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 407-416

Synergistic cytotoxicity through the activation of multiple apoptosis pathways in human glioma cells induced by combined treatment with ionizing radiation and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand

Author keywords

Apoptosis tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis inducing ligand; DR5; Glioblastoma multiforme; Radiotherapy

Indexed keywords

APOPTOSOME; CASPASE 3; CASPASE 8; CASPASE 9; CASPASE INHIBITOR; CYTOCHROME C; CYTOKINE RESPONSE MODIFIER A; DEATH RECEPTOR 5; FAS ASSOCIATED DEATH DOMAIN PROTEIN; PROTEIN BCL X; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR RELATED APOPTOSIS INDUCING LIGAND;

EID: 33847609303     PISSN: 00223085     EISSN: 00223085     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3171/jns.2007.106.3.407     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (20)

References (66)
  • 1
    • 0038320035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Apo2L/TRAIL: Apoptosis signaling, biology, and potential for cancer therapy
    • Almasan A, Ashkenazi A: Apo2L/TRAIL: apoptosis signaling, biology, and potential for cancer therapy. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 14:337-348, 2003
    • (2003) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev , vol.14 , pp. 337-348
    • Almasan, A.1    Ashkenazi, A.2
  • 2
    • 0036598992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeting death and decoy receptors of the tumornecrosis factor superfamily
    • Ashkenazi A: Targeting death and decoy receptors of the tumornecrosis factor superfamily. Nat Rev Cancer 2:420-430, 2002
    • (2002) Nat Rev Cancer , vol.2 , pp. 420-430
    • Ashkenazi, A.1
  • 4
    • 0034652156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combined effect of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand and ionizing radiation in breast cancer therapy
    • Chinnaiyan AM, Prasad U, Shankar S, Hamstra DA, Shanaiah M, Chenevert TL, et al: Combined effect of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand and ionizing radiation in breast cancer therapy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 97:1754-1759, 2000
    • (2000) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.97 , pp. 1754-1759
    • Chinnaiyan, A.M.1    Prasad, U.2    Shankar, S.3    Hamstra, D.A.4    Shanaiah, M.5    Chenevert, T.L.6
  • 5
    • 0021118703 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative analysis of dose-effect relationships: The combined effects of multiple drugs or enzyme inhibitors
    • Chou TC, Talalay P: Quantitative analysis of dose-effect relationships: the combined effects of multiple drugs or enzyme inhibitors. Adv Enzyme Regul 22:27-55, 1984
    • (1984) Adv Enzyme Regul , vol.22 , pp. 27-55
    • Chou, T.C.1    Talalay, P.2
  • 6
    • 2342429344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Report of Brain Tumor Registry of Japan (1969-1996)
    • The Committee of Brain Tumor Registry of Japan
    • The Committee of Brain Tumor Registry of Japan: Report of Brain Tumor Registry of Japan (1969-1996). Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 43 Suppl, 2003
    • (2003) Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) , vol.43 , Issue.SUPPL.
  • 7
    • 0842281645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cell death: Critical control points
    • Danial NN, Korsmeyer SJ: Cell death: critical control points. Cell 116:205-219, 2004
    • (2004) Cell , vol.116 , pp. 205-219
    • Danial, N.N.1    Korsmeyer, S.J.2
  • 8
    • 0031414749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The novel receptor TRAIL-R4 induces NFkappaB and protects against TRAIL-mediated apoptosis, yet retains an incomplete death domain
    • Degli-Esposti MA, Dougall WC, Smolak PJ, Waugh JY, Smith CA, Goodwin RG: The novel receptor TRAIL-R4 induces NFkappaB and protects against TRAIL-mediated apoptosis, yet retains an incomplete death domain. Immunity 7:813-820, 1997
    • (1997) Immunity , vol.7 , pp. 813-820
    • Degli-Esposti, M.A.1    Dougall, W.C.2    Smolak, P.J.3    Waugh, J.Y.4    Smith, C.A.5    Goodwin, R.G.6
  • 12
    • 0030728479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth suppression of glioma cells by PTEN requires a functional phosphatase catalytic domain
    • Furnari FB, Lin H, Huang HS, Cavenee WK: Growth suppression of glioma cells by PTEN requires a functional phosphatase catalytic domain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 94:12479-12484, 1997
    • (1997) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.94 , pp. 12479-12484
    • Furnari, F.B.1    Lin, H.2    Huang, H.S.3    Cavenee, W.K.4
  • 13
    • 0034667482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Apo2 ligand/TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand and death receptor 5 mediate the apoptotic signaling induced by ionizing radiation in leukemic cells
    • Gong B, Almasan A: Apo2 ligand/TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand and death receptor 5 mediate the apoptotic signaling induced by ionizing radiation in leukemic cells. Cancer Res 60: 5754-5760, 2000
    • (2000) Cancer Res , vol.60 , pp. 5754-5760
    • Gong, B.1    Almasan, A.2
  • 14
    • 0032575752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondria and apoptosis
    • Green DR, Reed JC: Mitochondria and apoptosis. Science 281: 1309-1312, 1998
    • (1998) Science , vol.281 , pp. 1309-1312
    • Green, D.R.1    Reed, J.C.2
  • 15
    • 0030752050 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Apoptosis: Molecular mechanisms and implications for cancer chemotherapy
    • Guchelaar HJ, Vermes A, Vermes I, Haanen C: Apoptosis: molecular mechanisms and implications for cancer chemotherapy. Pharm World Sci 19:119-125, 1997
    • (1997) Pharm World Sci , vol.19 , pp. 119-125
    • Guchelaar, H.J.1    Vermes, A.2    Vermes, I.3    Haanen, C.4
  • 16
    • 0023940875 scopus 로고
    • The antitumor function of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), I. Therapeutic action of TNF against an established murine sarcoma is indirect, immunologically dependent, and limited by severe toxicity
    • Havell EA, Fiers W, North RJ: The antitumor function of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), I. Therapeutic action of TNF against an established murine sarcoma is indirect, immunologically dependent, and limited by severe toxicity. J Exp Med 167:1067-1085, 1988
    • (1988) J Exp Med , vol.167 , pp. 1067-1085
    • Havell, E.A.1    Fiers, W.2    North, R.J.3
  • 17
    • 17944376030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tumoricidal activity of a novel anti-human DR5 monoclonal antibody without hepatocyte cytotoxicity
    • Ichikawa K, Liu W, Zhao L, Wang Z, Liu D, Ohtsuka T, et al: Tumoricidal activity of a novel anti-human DR5 monoclonal antibody without hepatocyte cytotoxicity. Nat Med 7:954-960, 2001
    • (2001) Nat Med , vol.7 , pp. 954-960
    • Ichikawa, K.1    Liu, W.2    Zhao, L.3    Wang, Z.4    Liu, D.5    Ohtsuka, T.6
  • 18
    • 0014147948 scopus 로고
    • The treatment of glioblastoma multiforme of the brain
    • Jelsma R, Bucy PC: The treatment of glioblastoma multiforme of the brain. J Neurosurg 27:388-400, 1967
    • (1967) J Neurosurg , vol.27 , pp. 388-400
    • Jelsma, R.1    Bucy, P.C.2
  • 19
    • 0034022160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Apoptosis induced in normal human hepatocytes by tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand
    • Jo M, Kim TH, Seol DW, Esplen JE, Dorko K, Billiar TR, et al: Apoptosis induced in normal human hepatocytes by tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand. Nat Med 6:564-567, 2000
    • (2000) Nat Med , vol.6 , pp. 564-567
    • Jo, M.1    Kim, T.H.2    Seol, D.W.3    Esplen, J.E.4    Dorko, K.5    Billiar, T.R.6
  • 20
    • 0034630167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of apoptosis by cancer chemotherapy
    • Kaufmann SH, Earnshaw WC: Induction of apoptosis by cancer chemotherapy. Exp Cell Res 256:42-49, 2000
    • (2000) Exp Cell Res , vol.256 , pp. 42-49
    • Kaufmann, S.H.1    Earnshaw, W.C.2
  • 21
  • 22
    • 0019516715 scopus 로고
    • Combined modality therapy of operated astrocytomas grade III and IV. Confirmation of the value of postoperative irradiation and lack of potentiation of bleomycin on survival time: A prospective multicenter trial of the Scandinavian Glioblastoma Study Group
    • Kristiansen K, Hagen S, Kollevold T, Torvik A, Holme I, Nesbakken R, et al: Combined modality therapy of operated astrocytomas grade III and IV. Confirmation of the value of postoperative irradiation and lack of potentiation of bleomycin on survival time: a prospective multicenter trial of the Scandinavian Glioblastoma Study Group. Cancer 47:649-652, 1981
    • (1981) Cancer , vol.47 , pp. 649-652
    • Kristiansen, K.1    Hagen, S.2    Kollevold, T.3    Torvik, A.4    Holme, I.5    Nesbakken, R.6
  • 23
    • 0345276414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bcl-2-family proteins and the role of mitochondria in apoptosis
    • Kuwana T, Newmeyer DD: Bcl-2-family proteins and the role of mitochondria in apoptosis. Curr Opin Cell Biol 15:691-699, 2003
    • (2003) Curr Opin Cell Biol , vol.15 , pp. 691-699
    • Kuwana, T.1    Newmeyer, D.D.2
  • 25
    • 0033975513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand sensitivity in primary and transformed human keratinocytes
    • Leverkus M, Neumann M, Mengling T, Rauch CT, Brocker EB, Krammer PH, et al: Regulation of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand sensitivity in primary and transformed human keratinocytes. Cancer Res 60:553-559, 2000
    • (2000) Cancer Res , vol.60 , pp. 553-559
    • Leverkus, M.1    Neumann, M.2    Mengling, T.3    Rauch, C.T.4    Brocker, E.B.5    Krammer, P.H.6
  • 26
    • 0025239917 scopus 로고
    • Superiority of post-radiotherapy adjuvant chemotherapy with CCNU, procarbazine, and vincristine (PCV) over BCNU for anaplastic gliomas: NCOG 6G61 final report
    • Levin VA, Silver P, Hannigan J, Wara WM, Gutin PH, Davis RL, et al: Superiority of post-radiotherapy adjuvant chemotherapy with CCNU, procarbazine, and vincristine (PCV) over BCNU for anaplastic gliomas: NCOG 6G61 final report. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 18:321-324, 1990
    • (1990) Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys , vol.18 , pp. 321-324
    • Levin, V.A.1    Silver, P.2    Hannigan, J.3    Wara, W.M.4    Gutin, P.H.5    Davis, R.L.6
  • 27
    • 1642491755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial effectors in caspase-independent cell death
    • Lorenzo HK, Susin SA: Mitochondrial effectors in caspase-independent cell death. FEBS Lett 557:14-20, 2004
    • (2004) FEBS Lett , vol.557 , pp. 14-20
    • Lorenzo, H.K.1    Susin, S.A.2
  • 30
    • 0021061819 scopus 로고
    • Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: Application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays
    • Mosmann T: Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. J Immunol Methods 65:55-63, 1983
    • (1983) J Immunol Methods , vol.65 , pp. 55-63
    • Mosmann, T.1
  • 31
    • 0030833675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of antisense ribonucleic acid complementary to O6-methylguanine-deoxyribonucleic acid methyltransferase messenger ribonucleic acid for therapy of malignant gliomas
    • Nagane M, Asai A, Shibui S, Nomura K, Kuchino Y: Application of antisense ribonucleic acid complementary to O6-methylguanine-deoxyribonucleic acid methyltransferase messenger ribonucleic acid for therapy of malignant gliomas. Neurosurgery 41: 434-441 1997
    • (1997) Neurosurgery , vol.41 , pp. 434-441
    • Nagane, M.1    Asai, A.2    Shibui, S.3    Nomura, K.4    Kuchino, Y.5
  • 32
    • 0029961912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A common mutant epidermal growth factor receptor confers enhanced tumorigenicity on human glioblastoma cells by increasing proliferation and reducing apoptosis
    • Nagane M, Coufal F, Lin H, Bögler O, Cavenee WK, Huang HJS: A common mutant epidermal growth factor receptor confers enhanced tumorigenicity on human glioblastoma cells by increasing proliferation and reducing apoptosis. Cancer Res 56:5079-5086, 1996
    • (1996) Cancer Res , vol.56 , pp. 5079-5086
    • Nagane, M.1    Coufal, F.2    Lin, H.3    Bögler, O.4    Cavenee, W.K.5    Huang, H.J.S.6
  • 33
    • 0034652486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased death receptor 5 expression by chemotherapeutic agents in human gliomas causes synergistic cytotoxicity with tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand in vitro and in vivo
    • Nagane M, Pan G, Weddle JJ, Dixit VM, Cavenee WK, Huang HJS: Increased death receptor 5 expression by chemotherapeutic agents in human gliomas causes synergistic cytotoxicity with tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Res 60:847-853, 2000
    • (2000) Cancer Res , vol.60 , pp. 847-853
    • Nagane, M.1    Pan, G.2    Weddle, J.J.3    Dixit, V.M.4    Cavenee, W.K.5    Huang, H.J.S.6
  • 34
    • 0030892234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Apoptosis by death factor
    • Nagata S: Apoptosis by death factor. Cell 88:355-365, 1997
    • (1997) Cell , vol.88 , pp. 355-365
    • Nagata, S.1
  • 36
    • 0030762815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An antagonist decoy receptor and a death domain-containing receptor for TRAIL
    • Pan G, Ni J, Wei YF, Yu G, Gentz R, Dixit VM: An antagonist decoy receptor and a death domain-containing receptor for TRAIL. Science 277:815-818, 1997
    • (1997) Science , vol.277 , pp. 815-818
    • Pan, G.1    Ni, J.2    Wei, Y.F.3    Yu, G.4    Gentz, R.5    Dixit, V.M.6
  • 38
  • 39
    • 17544367410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of apoptosis by Apo-2 ligand, a new member of the tumor necrosis factor cytokine family
    • Pitti RM, Marsters SA, Ruppert S, Donahue CJ, Moore A, Ashkenazi A: Induction of apoptosis by Apo-2 ligand, a new member of the tumor necrosis factor cytokine family. J Biol Chem 271: 12687-12690, 1996
    • (1996) J Biol Chem , vol.271 , pp. 12687-12690
    • Pitti, R.M.1    Marsters, S.A.2    Ruppert, S.3    Donahue, C.J.4    Moore, A.5    Ashkenazi, A.6
  • 40
    • 0035044296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Avoiding premature apoptosis of normal epidermal cells
    • Qin J, Chaturvedi V, Bonish B, Nickoloff BJ: Avoiding premature apoptosis of normal epidermal cells. Nat Med 7:385-386, 2001
    • (2001) Nat Med , vol.7 , pp. 385-386
    • Qin, J.1    Chaturvedi, V.2    Bonish, B.3    Nickoloff, B.J.4
  • 41
    • 0019293394 scopus 로고
    • High-dose metronidazole: Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability using an iv preparation and application of its use as a radiosensitizer
    • Rabin HR, Urtasun RC, Partington J, Koziol D, Sharon M, Walker K: High-dose metronidazole: pharmacokinetics and bioavailability using an iv preparation and application of its use as a radiosensitizer. Cancer Treat Rep 64:1087-1095, 1980
    • (1980) Cancer Treat Rep , vol.64 , pp. 1087-1095
    • Rabin, H.R.1    Urtasun, R.C.2    Partington, J.3    Koziol, D.4    Sharon, M.5    Walker, K.6
  • 42
  • 43
    • 0028348423 scopus 로고
    • Kinetics of cell labeling and thymidine replacement after continuous infusion of halogenated pyrimidines in vivo
    • Rodriguez R, Ritter MA, Fowler JF, Kinsella TJ: Kinetics of cell labeling and thymidine replacement after continuous infusion of halogenated pyrimidines in vivo. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 29:105-113, 1994
    • (1994) Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys , vol.29 , pp. 105-113
    • Rodriguez, R.1    Ritter, M.A.2    Fowler, J.F.3    Kinsella, T.J.4
  • 44
    • 0035849785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CCNU-dependent potentiation of TRAIL/ Apo2L-induced apoptosis in human glioma cells is p53-independent but may involve enhanced cytochrome c release
    • Rohn TA, Wagenknecht B, Roth W, Naumann U, Gulbins E, Krammer PH, et al: CCNU-dependent potentiation of TRAIL/ Apo2L-induced apoptosis in human glioma cells is p53-independent but may involve enhanced cytochrome c release. Oncogene 20:4128-4137, 2001
    • (2001) Oncogene , vol.20 , pp. 4128-4137
    • Rohn, T.A.1    Wagenknecht, B.2    Roth, W.3    Naumann, U.4    Gulbins, E.5    Krammer, P.H.6
  • 45
    • 0033584823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Locoregional Apo2L/TRAIL eradicates intracranial human malignant glioma xenografts in athymic mice in the absence of neurotoxicity
    • Roth W, Isenmann S, Naumann U, Kugler S, Bahr M, Dichgans J, et al: Locoregional Apo2L/TRAIL eradicates intracranial human malignant glioma xenografts in athymic mice in the absence of neurotoxicity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 265:479-483, 1999
    • (1999) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.265 , pp. 479-483
    • Roth, W.1    Isenmann, S.2    Naumann, U.3    Kugler, S.4    Bahr, M.5    Dichgans, J.6
  • 46
    • 0029092253 scopus 로고
    • Radiosurgery in the initial management of malignant gliomas: Survival comparison with the RTOG recursive partitioning analysis. Radiation Therapy Oncology Group
    • Sarkaria JN, Mehta MP, Loeffler JS, Buatti JM, Chappell RJ, Levin AB, et al: Radiosurgery in the initial management of malignant gliomas: survival comparison with the RTOG recursive partitioning analysis. Radiation Therapy Oncology Group. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 32:931-941, 1995
    • (1995) Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys , vol.32 , pp. 931-941
    • Sarkaria, J.N.1    Mehta, M.P.2    Loeffler, J.S.3    Buatti, J.M.4    Chappell, R.J.5    Levin, A.B.6
  • 47
    • 4143083851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ionizing radiation enhances the therapeutic potential of TRAIL in prostate cancer in vitro and in vivo: Intracellular mechanisms
    • Shankar S, Singh TR, Srivastava RK: Ionizing radiation enhances the therapeutic potential of TRAIL in prostate cancer in vitro and in vivo: intracellular mechanisms. Prostate 61:35-49, 2004
    • (2004) Prostate , vol.61 , pp. 35-49
    • Shankar, S.1    Singh, T.R.2    Srivastava, R.K.3
  • 48
    • 2942565827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhancement of therapeutic potential of TRAIL by cancer chemotherapy and irradiation: Mechanisms and clinical implications
    • Shankar S, Srivastava RK: Enhancement of therapeutic potential of TRAIL by cancer chemotherapy and irradiation: mechanisms and clinical implications. Drug Resist Updat 7:139-156, 2004
    • (2004) Drug Resist Updat , vol.7 , pp. 139-156
    • Shankar, S.1    Srivastava, R.K.2
  • 49
    • 0032522463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • p53-dependent and -independent regulation of the death receptor KILLER/DR5 gene expression in response to genotoxic stress and tumor necrosis factor alpha
    • Sheikh MS, Burns TF, Huang Y, Wu GS, Amundson S, Brooks KS, et al: p53-dependent and -independent regulation of the death receptor KILLER/DR5 gene expression in response to genotoxic stress and tumor necrosis factor alpha. Cancer Res 58: 1593-1598, 1998
    • (1998) Cancer Res , vol.58 , pp. 1593-1598
    • Sheikh, M.S.1    Burns, T.F.2    Huang, Y.3    Wu, G.S.4    Amundson, S.5    Brooks, K.S.6
  • 51
    • 0032900389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of patients with primary glioblastoma multiforme with standard postoperative radiotherapy and radiosurgical boost: Prognostic factors and long-term outcome
    • Shrieve DC, Alexander E III, Black PM, Wen PY, Fine HA, Kooy HM, et al: Treatment of patients with primary glioblastoma multiforme with standard postoperative radiotherapy and radiosurgical boost: prognostic factors and long-term outcome. J Neurosurg 90:72-77, 1999
    • (1999) J Neurosurg , vol.90 , pp. 72-77
    • Shrieve, D.C.1    Alexander III, E.2    Black, P.M.3    Wen, P.Y.4    Fine, H.A.5    Kooy, H.M.6
  • 52
    • 0242667882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TRAIL triggers apoptosis in human malignant glioma cells through extrinsic and intrinsic pathways
    • Song JH, Song DK, Pyrzynska B, Petruk KC, Van Meir EG, Hao C: TRAIL triggers apoptosis in human malignant glioma cells through extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. Brain Pathol 13: 539-553, 2003
    • (2003) Brain Pathol , vol.13 , pp. 539-553
    • Song, J.H.1    Song, D.K.2    Pyrzynska, B.3    Petruk, K.C.4    Van Meir, E.G.5    Hao, C.6
  • 53
    • 0002652252 scopus 로고
    • Combined radiotherapy-chemotherapy: Principles
    • Steel GG, Adams GE, Horwich E eds, ed 2. Amsterdam: Elsevier
    • Steel G: Combined radiotherapy-chemotherapy: principles, in Steel GG, Adams GE, Horwich E (eds): The Biological Basis of Radiotherapy, ed 2. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1989, p 267
    • (1989) The Biological Basis of Radiotherapy , pp. 267
    • Steel, G.1
  • 54
    • 0034785591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A serine protease, HtrA2, is released from the mitochondria and interacts with XIAP, inducing cell death
    • Suzuki Y, Imai Y, Nakayama H, Takahashi K, Takio K, Takahashi R: A serine protease, HtrA2, is released from the mitochondria and interacts with XIAP, inducing cell death. Mol Cell 8: 613-621, 2001
    • (2001) Mol Cell , vol.8 , pp. 613-621
    • Suzuki, Y.1    Imai, Y.2    Nakayama, H.3    Takahashi, K.4    Takio, K.5    Takahashi, R.6
  • 55
    • 0038595746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recurrent malignant glioma in adults
    • Tatter SB: Recurrent malignant glioma in adults. Curr Treat Options Oncol 3:509-524, 2002
    • (2002) Curr Treat Options Oncol , vol.3 , pp. 509-524
    • Tatter, S.B.1
  • 56
    • 0032575750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Caspases: Enemies within
    • Thornberry NA, Lazebnik Y: Caspases: enemies within. Science 281:1312-1316, 1998
    • (1998) Science , vol.281 , pp. 1312-1316
    • Thornberry, N.A.1    Lazebnik, Y.2
  • 58
    • 0027490744 scopus 로고
    • Iododeoxyuridine (IUdR) combined with radiation in the treatment of malignant glioma: A comparison of short versus long intravenous dose schedules (RTOG 86-12)
    • Urtasun RC, Cosmatos D, DelRowe J, Kinsella TJ, Lester S, Wasserman T, et al: Iododeoxyuridine (IUdR) combined with radiation in the treatment of malignant glioma: a comparison of short versus long intravenous dose schedules (RTOG 86-12). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 27:207-214, 1993
    • (1993) Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys , vol.27 , pp. 207-214
    • Urtasun, R.C.1    Cosmatos, D.2    DelRowe, J.3    Kinsella, T.J.4    Lester, S.5    Wasserman, T.6
  • 60
    • 0032929520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tumoricidal activity of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand in vivo
    • Walczak H, Miller RE, Ariail K, Gliniak B, Griffith TS, Kubin M, et al: Tumoricidal activity of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand in vivo. Nat Med 5:157-163, 1999
    • (1999) Nat Med , vol.5 , pp. 157-163
    • Walczak, H.1    Miller, R.E.2    Ariail, K.3    Gliniak, B.4    Griffith, T.S.5    Kubin, M.6
  • 61
    • 0018125603 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of BCNU and/or radiotherapy in the treatment of anaplastic gliomas. A cooperative clinical trial
    • Walker MD, Alexander E Jr, Hunt WE, MacCarty CS, Mahaley MS Jr, Mealey J Jr, et al: Evaluation of BCNU and/or radiotherapy in the treatment of anaplastic gliomas. A cooperative clinical trial. J Neurosurg 49:333-343, 1978
    • (1978) J Neurosurg , vol.49 , pp. 333-343
    • Walker, M.D.1    Alexander Jr, E.2    Hunt, W.E.3    MacCarty, C.S.4    Mahaley Jr, M.S.5    Mealey Jr, J.6
  • 62
    • 0019142613 scopus 로고
    • Randomized comparisons of radiotherapy and nitrosoureas for the treatment of malignant glioma after surgery
    • Walker MD, Green SB, Byar DP, Alexander E Jr, Batzdorf U, Brooks WH, et al: Randomized comparisons of radiotherapy and nitrosoureas for the treatment of malignant glioma after surgery. N Engl J Med 303:1323-1329, 1980
    • (1980) N Engl J Med , vol.303 , pp. 1323-1329
    • Walker, M.D.1    Green, S.B.2    Byar, D.P.3    Alexander Jr, E.4    Batzdorf, U.5    Brooks, W.H.6
  • 63
    • 13344285339 scopus 로고
    • Identification and characterization of a new member of the TNF family that induces apoptosis
    • Wiley SR, Schooley K, Smolak PJ, Din WS, Huang CP, Nicholl JK, et al: Identification and characterization of a new member of the TNF family that induces apoptosis. Immunity 3:673-682, 1995
    • (1995) Immunity , vol.3 , pp. 673-682
    • Wiley, S.R.1    Schooley, K.2    Smolak, P.J.3    Din, W.S.4    Huang, C.P.5    Nicholl, J.K.6
  • 65
    • 0028095020 scopus 로고
    • A general method for the generation of high-titer, pantropic retroviral vectors: Highly efficient infection of primary hepatocytes
    • Yee JK, Miyanohara A, LaPorte P, Bouic K, Burns JC, Friedmann T: A general method for the generation of high-titer, pantropic retroviral vectors: highly efficient infection of primary hepatocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 91:9564-9568, 1994
    • (1994) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.91 , pp. 9564-9568
    • Yee, J.K.1    Miyanohara, A.2    LaPorte, P.3    Bouic, K.4    Burns, J.C.5    Friedmann, T.6
  • 66
    • 0142026056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emerging applications of the tumor necrosis factor family of ligands and receptors in cancer therapy
    • Younes A, Kadin ME: Emerging applications of the tumor necrosis factor family of ligands and receptors in cancer therapy. J Clin Oncol 21:3526-3534, 2003
    • (2003) J Clin Oncol , vol.21 , pp. 3526-3534
    • Younes, A.1    Kadin, M.E.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.