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Volumn 46, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 421-427

Stabilization of an optical microscope to 0.1 nm in three dimensions

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FABRICATION; MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION; OPTICAL RESOLVING POWER; PIEZOELECTRIC DEVICES; STABILIZATION;

EID: 33847281331     PISSN: 1559128X     EISSN: 15394522     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1364/AO.46.000421     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (125)

References (31)
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    • We note that our differential BFP detection is immune to common mode fluctuations such as air currents and lens motion. However, a large fraction (40, of the optical path is not common mode, and the common mode optical elements (excluding the objective) are rigidly attached to the microscope frame or the optical table by custom-made, large-diameter (>38 mm) aluminum posts. Vibrational testing suggests that the current limits in the mechanical stability of our system are the fiber launches and the QPDs, which are independent for each laser; therefore, the second, 850 nm laser represents an independent measurement
    • We note that our differential BFP detection is immune to common mode fluctuations such as air currents and lens motion. However, a large fraction (40%) of the optical path is not common mode, and the common mode optical elements (excluding the objective) are rigidly attached to the microscope frame or the optical table by custom-made, large-diameter (>38 mm) aluminum posts. Vibrational testing suggests that the current limits in the mechanical stability of our system are the fiber launches and the QPDs, which are independent for each laser; therefore, the second, 850 nm laser represents an independent measurement.
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    • The laser diode was driven by custom electronics that stabilized the temperature to ±15 mK/°C ambient temperature variation. The current stability of the driver was 25 ppm/°C. The manufacturer's specification of the laser diode's spectral linewidth is ∼0.5 nm FWHM.
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    • -5). Several identical lasers performed only 10% better than specification after the PBS. In general, intensity stabilization will be required to achieve 0.1 nm vertical resolution.
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    • Increasing the laser power created a drift in the positive z direction. Decreasing the laser power caused a negative z drift. This drift corresponded to a movement of the laser focus (set by the objective) relative to the fiducial mark (set by the sample). Furthermore, drift rates increased linearly with the change in laser power. Finally, after ∼15 min at a particular laser power the drift would settle, indicating a new equilibrium had been reached. Since all other optical components have >97% transmission at 1064 nm, these data are best explained by the thermal expansion (or contraction) of the objective as the main source of this drift since its transmission at 1064 nm is 59%.
    • Increasing the laser power created a drift in the positive z direction. Decreasing the laser power caused a negative z drift. This drift corresponded to a movement of the laser focus (set by the objective) relative to the fiducial mark (set by the sample). Furthermore, drift rates increased linearly with the change in laser power. Finally, after ∼15 min at a particular laser power the drift would settle, indicating a new equilibrium had been reached. Since all other optical components have >97% transmission at 1064 nm, these data are best explained by the thermal expansion (or contraction) of the objective as the main source of this drift since its transmission at 1064 nm is 59%.
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* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.