The surface structure of concentrated aqueous salt solutions

Journal of Chemical Physics

Volumn 126, Issue 5, 2007, Pages

  Sloutskin, E ^a   Baumert, J ^b   Ocko, B M ^b   Kuzmenko, I ^c   Checco, A ^b   Tamam, L ^a   Ofer, E ^a   Gog, T ^c   Gang, O ^b   Deutsch, M ^a  

^a BAR ILAN UNIVERSITY   (Israel)

^b BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LABORATORY   (United States)

^c ARGONNE NATIONAL LABORATORY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CARRIER CONCENTRATION; COMPUTER SIMULATION; INTERFACES (MATERIALS); RUBIDIUM COMPOUNDS; SOLUTIONS; SURFACE STRUCTURE; X RAY ANALYSIS;

AQUEOUS SALT SOLUTIONS; CAPILLARY WAVES; NONSTRUCTURAL MEASUREMENTS; X-RAY REFLECTIVITY (XR);

SALTS;

EID: 33846949433     PISSN: 00219606     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1063/1.2431361     Document Type: Article

References (79)

1. F. E. Bloom, A. Lazerson, and L. Hofstadter, Brain, Mind and Behavior (Freeman, New-York, 1988).
2. V. S. Markin and A. G. Volkov, J. Phys. Chem. B 106, 11810 (2002).
3. M. Boström, D. R. M. Williams, and B. W. Ninham, Langmuir 17, 4475 (2001).
4. E. M. Knipping, M. J. Lakin, K. L. Foster, P. Jungwirth, D. J. Tobias, R. B. Gerber, D. Dabdub, and B. J. Finlayson-Pitts, Science 0036-8075 10.1126/science.288.5464.301 288, 301 (2000); K. L. Foster, R. A. Plastridge, J. W. Bottenheim, P. B. Shepson, B. J. Finlayson-Pitts, and C. W. Spicer, Science 0036-8075 10.1126/science.291.5503.471 291, 471 (2001); A. Laskin, D. J. Gaspar, W. Wang, S. W. Hunt, J. P. Cowin, S. D. Colson, and B. J. Finlayson-Pitts, Science 0036-8075 10.1126/science.1085374 301, 340 (2003); P. Jungwirth, V. Rosenfeld, and V. Buch, Atmos. Res. 76, 190 (2005).
5. E. M. Knipping, M. J. Lakin, K. L. Foster, P. Jungwirth, D. J. Tobias, R. B. Gerber, D. Dabdub, and B. J. Finlayson-Pitts, Science 0036-8075 10.1126/science.288.5464.301 288, 301 (2000); K. L. Foster, R. A. Plastridge, J. W. Bottenheim, P. B. Shepson, B. J. Finlayson-Pitts, and C. W. Spicer, Science 0036-8075 10.1126/science.291.5503.471 291, 471 (2001); A. Laskin, D. J. Gaspar, W. Wang, S. W. Hunt, J. P. Cowin, S. D. Colson, and B. J. Finlayson-Pitts, Science 0036-8075 10.1126/science.1085374 301, 340 (2003); P. Jungwirth, V. Rosenfeld, and V. Buch, Atmos. Res. 76, 190 (2005).
6. E. M. Knipping, M. J. Lakin, K. L. Foster, P. Jungwirth, D. J. Tobias, R. B. Gerber, D. Dabdub, and B. J. Finlayson-Pitts, Science 0036-8075 10.1126/science.288.5464.301 288, 301 (2000); K. L. Foster, R. A. Plastridge, J. W. Bottenheim, P. B. Shepson, B. J. Finlayson-Pitts, and C. W. Spicer, Science 0036-8075 10.1126/science.291.5503.471 291, 471 (2001); A. Laskin, D. J. Gaspar, W. Wang, S. W. Hunt, J. P. Cowin, S. D. Colson, and B. J. Finlayson-Pitts, Science 0036-8075 10.1126/science.1085374 301, 340 (2003); P. Jungwirth, V. Rosenfeld, and V. Buch, Atmos. Res. 76, 190 (2005).
7. E. M. Knipping, M. J. Lakin, K. L. Foster, P. Jungwirth, D. J. Tobias, R. B. Gerber, D. Dabdub, and B. J. Finlayson-Pitts, Science 0036-8075 10.1126/science.288.5464.301 288, 301 (2000); K. L. Foster, R. A. Plastridge, J. W. Bottenheim, P. B. Shepson, B. J. Finlayson-Pitts, and C. W. Spicer, Science 0036-8075 10.1126/science.291.5503.471 291, 471 (2001); A. Laskin, D. J. Gaspar, W. Wang, S. W. Hunt, J. P. Cowin, S. D. Colson, and B. J. Finlayson-Pitts, Science 0036-8075 10.1126/science.1085374 301, 340 (2003); P. Jungwirth, V. Rosenfeld, and V. Buch, Atmos. Res. 76, 190 (2005).
8. A. Gradenwitz, Phys. Z. 0369-982X 3, 329 (1902); A. Heydweiler, Ann. Phys. 33, 145 (1910).
9. A. Gradenwitz, Phys. Z. 0369-982X 3, 329 (1902); A. Heydweiler, Ann. Phys. 33, 145 (1910).
10. G. Jones and W. A. Ray, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 0002-7863 10.1021/ja01280a048 59, 187 (1937); G. Jones and W. A. Ray, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 63, 288 (1941).
11. G. Jones and W. A. Ray, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 0002-7863 10.1021/ja01280a048 59, 187 (1937); G. Jones and W. A. Ray, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 63, 288 (1941).
12. I. Langmuir, Science 0036-8075 10.1126/science.88.2288.430 88, 430 (1938); I. Langmuir, J. Chem. Phys. 6, 873 (1938).
13. I. Langmuir, Science 0036-8075 10.1126/science.88.2288.430 88, 430 (1938); I. Langmuir, J. Chem. Phys. 6, 873 (1938).
14. J. E. B. Randles, Phys. Chem. Liq. 7, 107 (1977).
15. E. A. Raymond and G. L. Richmond, J. Phys. Chem. B 108, 5051 (2004).
16. D. Liu, G. Ma, L. M. Levering, and H. C. Allen, J. Phys. Chem. B 108, 2252 (2004).
17. D. Beaglehole, J. Phys. Chem. 93, 2004 (1989).
18. B. C. Garrett, Science 303, 1146 (2004).
19. A. A. Abramzon and R. D. Gaukhberg, Russ. J. Appl. Chem. 1070-4272 66, 1139 (1993); A. A. Abramzon and R. D. Gaukhberg, Russ. J. Appl. Chem. 1070-4272 66, 1315 (1993); A. A. Abramzon and R. D. Gaukhberg, Russ. J. Appl. Chem. 1070-4272 66, 1473 (1993); R. Aveyard and S. M. Saleem, J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1 0300-9599 10.1039/f19767201609 72, 1609 (1976); K. Johansson and J. C. Eriksson, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 0021-9797 49, 469 (1974); P. K. Weissenborn and R. J. Pugh, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 184, 550 (1996).
20. A. A. Abramzon and R. D. Gaukhberg, Russ. J. Appl. Chem. 1070-4272 66, 1139 (1993); A. A. Abramzon and R. D. Gaukhberg, Russ. J. Appl. Chem. 1070-4272 66, 1315 (1993); A. A. Abramzon and R. D. Gaukhberg, Russ. J. Appl. Chem. 1070-4272 66, 1473 (1993); R. Aveyard and S. M. Saleem, J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1 0300-9599 10.1039/f19767201609 72, 1609 (1976); K. Johansson and J. C. Eriksson, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 0021-9797 49, 469 (1974); P. K. Weissenborn and R. J. Pugh, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 184, 550 (1996).
21. A. A. Abramzon and R. D. Gaukhberg, Russ. J. Appl. Chem. 1070-4272 66, 1139 (1993); A. A. Abramzon and R. D. Gaukhberg, Russ. J. Appl. Chem. 1070-4272 66, 1315 (1993); A. A. Abramzon and R. D. Gaukhberg, Russ. J. Appl. Chem. 1070-4272 66, 1473 (1993); R. Aveyard and S. M. Saleem, J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1 0300-9599 10.1039/f19767201609 72, 1609 (1976); K. Johansson and J. C. Eriksson, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 0021-9797 49, 469 (1974); P. K. Weissenborn and R. J. Pugh, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 184, 550 (1996).
22. A. A. Abramzon and R. D. Gaukhberg, Russ. J. Appl. Chem. 1070-4272 66, 1139 (1993); A. A. Abramzon and R. D. Gaukhberg, Russ. J. Appl. Chem. 1070-4272 66, 1315 (1993); A. A. Abramzon and R. D. Gaukhberg, Russ. J. Appl. Chem. 1070-4272 66, 1473 (1993); R. Aveyard and S. M. Saleem, J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1 0300-9599 10.1039/f19767201609 72, 1609 (1976); K. Johansson and J. C. Eriksson, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 0021-9797 49, 469 (1974); P. K. Weissenborn and R. J. Pugh, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 184, 550 (1996).
23. A. A. Abramzon and R. D. Gaukhberg, Russ. J. Appl. Chem. 1070-4272 66, 1139 (1993); A. A. Abramzon and R. D. Gaukhberg, Russ. J. Appl. Chem. 1070-4272 66, 1315 (1993); A. A. Abramzon and R. D. Gaukhberg, Russ. J. Appl. Chem. 1070-4272 66, 1473 (1993); R. Aveyard and S. M. Saleem, J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1 0300-9599 10.1039/f19767201609 72, 1609 (1976); K. Johansson and J. C. Eriksson, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 0021-9797 49, 469 (1974); P. K. Weissenborn and R. J. Pugh, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 184, 550 (1996).
24. A. A. Abramzon and R. D. Gaukhberg, Russ. J. Appl. Chem. 1070-4272 66, 1139 (1993); A. A. Abramzon and R. D. Gaukhberg, Russ. J. Appl. Chem. 1070-4272 66, 1315 (1993); A. A. Abramzon and R. D. Gaukhberg, Russ. J. Appl. Chem. 1070-4272 66, 1473 (1993); R. Aveyard and S. M. Saleem, J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1 0300-9599 10.1039/f19767201609 72, 1609 (1976); K. Johansson and J. C. Eriksson, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 0021-9797 49, 469 (1974); P. K. Weissenborn and R. J. Pugh, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 184, 550 (1996).
25. Z. B. Li, Y. G. Li, and J. F. Lu, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 0888-5885 10.1021/ie980465m 38, 1133 (1999); Z. Li and B. C. Y. Lu, Chem. Eng. Sci. 56, 2879 (2001).
26. Z. B. Li, Y. G. Li, and J. F. Lu, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 0888-5885 10.1021/ie980465m 38, 1133 (1999); Z. Li and B. C. Y. Lu, Chem. Eng. Sci. 56, 2879 (2001).
27. P. B. Petersen, J. C. Johnson, K. P. Knutsen, and R. J. Saykally, Chem. Phys. Lett. 397, 46 (2004).
28. P. B. Petersen, R. J. Saykally, M. Mucha, and P. Jungwirth, J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 10915 (2005).
29. N. L. Jarvis and M. A. Scheiman, J. Phys. Chem. 72, 74 (1968).
30. W. Kunz, P. Lo Nostro, and B. W. Ninham, Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. 9, 1 (2004).
31. L. Onsager and N. N. T. Samaras, J. Chem. Phys. 0021-9606 10.1063/1.1749522 2, 528 (1934); C. Wagner, Phys. Z. 25, 474 (1924).
32. L. Onsager and N. N. T. Samaras, J. Chem. Phys. 0021-9606 10.1063/1.1749522 2, 528 (1934); C. Wagner, Phys. Z. 25, 474 (1924).
33. M. Manciu and E. Ruckenstein, Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 105, 63 (2003).
34. K. A. Karraker and C. J. Radke, Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 96, 231 (2002).
35. M. Boström, W. Kunz, and B. W. Ninham, Langmuir 21, 2619 (2005).
36. L. B. Bhuiyan, D. Bratko, and C. W. Outhwaite, J. Phys. Chem. 95, 336 (1991).
37. M. A. Wilson, A. L. Nichols III, and L. R. Pratt, J. Chem. Phys. 78, 5129 (1983).
38. F. P. Buff and F. H. Stillinger, Jr., J. Chem. Phys. 25, 312 (1956).
39. E. Schmutzer, Z. Phys. Chem. (Leipzig) 204, 131 (1955).
40. K. Schäfer, A. Perez-Masia, and H. Jüntgen, Z. Elektrochem. 59, 425 (1955).
41. P. Jungwirth and D. J. Tobias, J. Phys. Chem. B 105, 10468 (2001).
42. P. Jungwirth and D. J. Tobias, J. Phys. Chem. B 105, 6361 (2002).
43. L. Vrbka, M. Mucha, B. Minofar, P. Jungwirth, E. C. Brown, and D. J. Tobias, Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. 9, 67 (2004).
44. M. Mucha, T. Frigato, L. M. Levering, H. C. Allen, D. J. Tobias, L. X. Dang, and P. Jungwirth, J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 7617 (2005).
45. L. X. Dang and T. M. Chang, J. Phys. Chem. B 1089-5647 10.1021/jp011853w 106, 235 (2002); G. Luo, S. Malkova, J. Yoon, D. G. Schultz, B. Lin, M. Meron, I. Benjamin, P. Vanysek, and M. L. Schlossman, Science 311, 216 (2006).
46. L. X. Dang and T. M. Chang, J. Phys. Chem. B 1089-5647 10.1021/jp011853w 106, 235 (2002); G. Luo, S. Malkova, J. Yoon, D. G. Schultz, B. Lin, M. Meron, I. Benjamin, P. Vanysek, and M. L. Schlossman, Science 311, 216 (2006).
47. S. J. Stuart and B. J. Berne, J. Phys. Chem. A 103, 10300 (1999).
48. D. Bhatt, J. Newman, and C. J. Radke, J. Phys. Chem. B 108, 9077 (2004).
49. S. Ghosal, J. C. Hemminger, H. Bluhm, B. S. Mun, E. L. D. Hebenstreit, G. Ketteler, D. F. Ogletree, F. G. Requejo, and M. Salmeron, Science 307, 563 (2005).
50. R. Weber, B. Winter, P. M. Schmidt, W. Widdra, I. V. Hertel, M. Dittmar, and M. Faubel, J. Phys. Chem. B 108, 4729 (2004).
51. S. Gopalakrishnan, P. Jungwirth, D. J. Tobias, and H. C. Allen, J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 8861 (2005).
52. M. J. Shultz, S. Baldelli, C. Schnitzer, and D. Simonelli, J. Phys. Chem. B 106, 5313 (2002).
53. P. B. Petersen and R. J. Saykally, Chem. Phys. Lett. 397, 51 (2004).
54. P. B. Petersen and R. J. Saykally, J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 7976 (2005).
55. W. Bu, D. Vaknin, and A. Travesset, Langmuir 22, 5673 (2006).
56. G. Luo, S. Malkova, J. Yoon, D. G. Schultz, C. Lin, M. Meron, I. Benjamin, P. Vanysek, and M. L. Schlossman, Science 311, 216 (2006).
57. J. Als-Nielsen and D. McMorrow, Elements of Modern X-Ray Physics (Wiley, New York, 2001); M. Deutsch and B. M. Ocko, Encyclopedia of Applied Physics, edited by, G. L. Trigg, (VCH, New York, 1998), Vol. 23, p. 479.
58. J. Als-Nielsen and D. McMorrow, Elements of Modern X-Ray Physics (Wiley, New York, 2001); M. Deutsch and B. M. Ocko, Encyclopedia of Applied Physics, edited by, G. L. Trigg, (VCH, New York, 1998), Vol. 23, p. 479.
59. Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 65th ed., edited by, R. C. Weas, (CRC, Boca Raton, FL, 1984).
60. E. Sloutskin, B. M. Ocko, L. Tamam, I. Kuzmenko, T. Gog, and M. Deutsch, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 127, 7796 (2005).
61. A. Braslau, P. S. Pershan, G. Swislow, B. M. Ocko, and J. Als-Nielsen, Phys. Rev. A 1050-2947 10.1103/PhysRevA.38.2457 38, 2457 (1988); M. K. Sanyal, S. K. Sinha, K. G. Huang, and B. M. Ocko, Phys. Rev. Lett. 66, 628 (1991).
62. A. Braslau, P. S. Pershan, G. Swislow, B. M. Ocko, and J. Als-Nielsen, Phys. Rev. A 1050-2947 10.1103/PhysRevA.38.2457 38, 2457 (1988); M. K. Sanyal, S. K. Sinha, K. G. Huang, and B. M. Ocko, Phys. Rev. Lett. 66, 628 (1991).
63. B. M. Ocko, E. B. Sirota, M. Deutsch, E. DiMasi, S. Coburn, J. Strzalka, S. Zheng, A. Tronin, T. Gog, and C. Venkataraman, Phys. Rev. E 63, 032602 (2001).
64. P. S. Pershan, A. Braslau, A. H. Weiss, and J. Als-Nielsen, Phys. Rev. A 35, 4800 (1987).
65. D. T. Cromer and D. Liberman, J. Chem. Phys. 53, 1891 (1970).
66. The software and the related information are available online at http://cars9.uchicago.edu/ifeffit/
67. S. T. Perkins, D. E. Cullen, M. H. Chen, J. H. Hubbell, J. Rathkopf, and J. Scofield, Tables and Graphs of Atomic Subshell and Relaxation Data Derived from LLNL Evaluated Atomic Data Library (EADL) Z=1-100 (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 1991).
68. G. Evans and R. F. Pettifer, J. Appl. Crystallogr. 34, 82 (2001).
69. M. J. Regan, P. S. Pershan, O. M. Magnussen, B. M. Ocko, M. Deutsch, and L. E. Berman, Phys. Rev. B 54, 9730 (1996).
70. O. Shpyrko, P. Huber, A. Grigoriev, P. S. Pershan, B. M. Ocko, H. Tostmann, and M. Deutsch, Phys. Rev. B 0163-1829 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.115405 67, 115405 (2003); O. Shpyrko, M. Fukuto, P. S. Pershan, B. M. Ocko, I. Kuzmenko, T. Gog, and M. Deutsch, Phys. Rev. B 69, 245423 (2004).
71. O. Shpyrko, P. Huber, A. Grigoriev, P. S. Pershan, B. M. Ocko, H. Tostmann, and M. Deutsch, Phys. Rev. B 0163-1829 10.1103/PhysRevB.67.115405 67, 115405 (2003); O. Shpyrko, M. Fukuto, P. S. Pershan, B. M. Ocko, I. Kuzmenko, T. Gog, and M. Deutsch, Phys. Rev. B 69, 245423 (2004).
72. J. N. Israelachvili, Intermolecular and Surface Forces (Academic, San Diego, 1992); I. Danielewicz-Ferchmin and A. R. Ferchmin, J. Solution Chem. 0095-9782 10.1023/A:1014861203174 31, 81 (2002); J. L. Palmer and M. E. Gunter, Am. Mineral. 86, 431 (2001).
73. J. N. Israelachvili, Intermolecular and Surface Forces (Academic, San Diego, 1992); I. Danielewicz-Ferchmin and A. R. Ferchmin, J. Solution Chem. 0095-9782 10.1023/A:1014861203174 31, 81 (2002); J. L. Palmer and M. E. Gunter, Am. Mineral. 86, 431 (2001).
74. J. N. Israelachvili, Intermolecular and Surface Forces (Academic, San Diego, 1992); I. Danielewicz-Ferchmin and A. R. Ferchmin, J. Solution Chem. 0095-9782 10.1023/A:1014861203174 31, 81 (2002); J. L. Palmer and M. E. Gunter, Am. Mineral. 86, 431 (2001).
75. P. S. Pershan, Colloids Surf., A 171, 149 (2000).
76. E. Sloutskin, R. M. Lynden-Bell, S. Balasubramanian, and M. Deutsch, J. Chem. Phys. 125, 174715 (2006).
77. O. Gang, X. Z. Wu, B. M. Ocko, E. B. Sirota, and M. Deutsch, Phys. Rev. B 58, 6086 (1998).
78. S. Ramos, Ph.D. thesis University of Bristol, 2001.
79. J. Emsley, The Elements, 3rd ed. (Clarendon, Oxford, 1998).