메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 68, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 11-21

Antipsychotics in the treatment of delirium: A systematic review

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHLORPROMAZINE; HALOPERIDOL; LORAZEPAM; MIANSERIN; OLANZAPINE; QUETIAPINE; RISPERIDONE;

EID: 33846865310     PISSN: 01606689     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4088/JCP.v68n0102     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (133)

References (108)
  • 1
    • 0029795022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delirium: Advances in diagnosis, pathophysiology and treatment
    • Trzepacz PT. Delirium: advances in diagnosis, pathophysiology and treatment. Psychiatr Clin North Am 1996;19:429-448
    • (1996) Psychiatr Clin North Am , vol.19 , pp. 429-448
    • Trzepacz, P.T.1
  • 2
    • 0027486727 scopus 로고
    • A predictive model for delirium in hospitalized elderly medical patients based on admission characteristics
    • Inouye SK, Viscoli CM, Horwitz RI, et al. A predictive model for delirium in hospitalized elderly medical patients based on admission characteristics. Ann Intern Med 1993;119:474-481
    • (1993) Ann Intern Med , vol.119 , pp. 474-481
    • Inouye, S.K.1    Viscoli, C.M.2    Horwitz, R.I.3
  • 3
    • 0034113834 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of delirium: A prospective cohort study in a community hospital
    • Martin NJ, Stones MJ, Young JE, et al. Development of delirium: a prospective cohort study in a community hospital. Int Psychogeriatr 2000;12:117-127
    • (2000) Int Psychogeriatr , vol.12 , pp. 117-127
    • Martin, N.J.1    Stones, M.J.2    Young, J.E.3
  • 4
    • 0038070279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delirium in the intensive care unit: Occurrence and clinical course in older patients
    • McNicoll L, Pisani MA, Zhang Y, et al. Delirium in the intensive care unit: occurrence and clinical course in older patients. J Am Geriatr Soc 2003;51:591-598
    • (2003) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.51 , pp. 591-598
    • McNicoll, L.1    Pisani, M.A.2    Zhang, Y.3
  • 5
    • 0025174041 scopus 로고
    • A prospective study of delirium in hospitalized elderly
    • Francis J, Martin D, Kapoor WN. A prospective study of delirium in hospitalized elderly. JAMA 1990;263:1097-1101
    • (1990) JAMA , vol.263 , pp. 1097-1101
    • Francis, J.1    Martin, D.2    Kapoor, W.N.3
  • 6
    • 0027938490 scopus 로고
    • Delirium in hospitalized older persons: Outcomes and predictors
    • Pompei P, Foreman M, Rudberg MA, et al. Delirium in hospitalized older persons: outcomes and predictors. J Am Geriatr Soc 1994;42:809-815
    • (1994) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.42 , pp. 809-815
    • Pompei, P.1    Foreman, M.2    Rudberg, M.A.3
  • 8
    • 0034828343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delirium in older medical inpatients and subsequent cognitive and functional status: A prospective study
    • McCusker J, Cole M, Dendukuri N, et al. Delirium in older medical inpatients and subsequent cognitive and functional status: a prospective study. CMAJ 2001;165:575-583
    • (2001) CMAJ , vol.165 , pp. 575-583
    • McCusker, J.1    Cole, M.2    Dendukuri, N.3
  • 9
    • 0027204202 scopus 로고
    • Prognosis of delirium in elderly hospital patients
    • Cole MG, Primeau FJ. Prognosis of delirium in elderly hospital patients. CMAJ 1993;149:41-46
    • (1993) CMAJ , vol.149 , pp. 41-46
    • Cole, M.G.1    Primeau, F.J.2
  • 10
    • 0021928376 scopus 로고
    • Delirium and other organic mental disorders in a general hospital
    • Trzepacz PT, Teague GB, Lipowski ZJ. Delirium and other organic mental disorders in a general hospital. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 1985;7:101-106
    • (1985) Gen Hosp Psychiatry , vol.7 , pp. 101-106
    • Trzepacz, P.T.1    Teague, G.B.2    Lipowski, Z.J.3
  • 11
    • 0035051311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Survival of hospitalized elderly patients with delirium: A prospective study
    • Curyto KJ, Johnson J, TenHave T, et al. Survival of hospitalized elderly patients with delirium: a prospective study. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2001;9:141-147
    • (2001) Am J Geriatr Psychiatry , vol.9 , pp. 141-147
    • Curyto, K.J.1    Johnson, J.2    TenHave, T.3
  • 12
    • 23744512373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Premature death associated with delirium at 1-year follow-up
    • Leslie DL, Zhang Y, Holford TR, et al. Premature death associated with delirium at 1-year follow-up. Arch Intern Med 2005;165:1657-1662
    • (2005) Arch Intern Med , vol.165 , pp. 1657-1662
    • Leslie, D.L.1    Zhang, Y.2    Holford, T.R.3
  • 14
    • 0036097548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The delirium experience: Delirium recall and delirium-related distress in hospitalized patients with cancer, their spouses/caregivers, and their nurses
    • Breitbart W, Gibson C, Tremblay A. The delirium experience: delirium recall and delirium-related distress in hospitalized patients with cancer, their spouses/caregivers, and their nurses. Psychosomatics 2002;43:183-194
    • (2002) Psychosomatics , vol.43 , pp. 183-194
    • Breitbart, W.1    Gibson, C.2    Tremblay, A.3
  • 15
  • 16
    • 1642533603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current opinions regarding the importance, diagnosis, and management of delirium in the intensive care unit: A survey of 912 healthcare professionals
    • Ely EW, Stephens RK, Jackson JC, et al. Current opinions regarding the importance, diagnosis, and management of delirium in the intensive care unit: a survey of 912 healthcare professionals. Crit Care Med 2004;32:106-112
    • (2004) Crit Care Med , vol.32 , pp. 106-112
    • Ely, E.W.1    Stephens, R.K.2    Jackson, J.C.3
  • 17
    • 0032951356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Practice guidelines for the treatment of patients with delirium
    • American Psychiatric Association
    • American Psychiatric Association. Practice guidelines for the treatment of patients with delirium. Am J Psychiatry 1999;156(suppl 5):1-20
    • (1999) Am J Psychiatry , vol.156 , Issue.SUPPL. 5 , pp. 1-20
  • 18
    • 0026505007 scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for delirium in hospitalized elderly
    • Schor JD, Levkoff SE, Lipsitz LA, et al. Risk factors for delirium in hospitalized elderly. JAMA 1992;267:827-831
    • (1992) JAMA , vol.267 , pp. 827-831
    • Schor, J.D.1    Levkoff, S.E.2    Lipsitz, L.A.3
  • 19
    • 0035069041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delirium in psychiatric inpatients: A case-control study
    • Patten SB, Williams JVA, Petcu R, et al. Delirium in psychiatric inpatients: a case-control study. Can J Psychiatry 2001;46:162-166
    • (2001) Can J Psychiatry , vol.46 , pp. 162-166
    • Patten, S.B.1    Williams, J.V.A.2    Petcu, R.3
  • 20
    • 0034750762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delirium before and after operation for femoral neck fracture
    • Edlund A, Lundstrom M, Brannstrom B, et al. Delirium before and after operation for femoral neck fracture. J Am Geriatr Soc 2001;49:1335-1340
    • (2001) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.49 , pp. 1335-1340
    • Edlund, A.1    Lundstrom, M.2    Brannstrom, B.3
  • 21
    • 24044487941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between psychoactive medications and delirium in hospitalized patients: A critical review
    • Gaudreau JD, Gagnon P, Roy MA, et al. Association between psychoactive medications and delirium in hospitalized patients: a critical review. Psychosomatics 2005;46:302-316
    • (2005) Psychosomatics , vol.46 , pp. 302-316
    • Gaudreau, J.D.1    Gagnon, P.2    Roy, M.A.3
  • 22
    • 0032861077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Importance of serum anticholinergic activity in the assessment of elderly patients with delirium
    • Mussi C, Ferrari R, Ascari S, et al. Importance of serum anticholinergic activity in the assessment of elderly patients with delirium. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 1999;12:82-86
    • (1999) J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol , vol.12 , pp. 82-86
    • Mussi, C.1    Ferrari, R.2    Ascari, S.3
  • 25
    • 26844538114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk of death with atypical antipsychotic drug treatment of dementia: Meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials
    • Schneider D, Dagerman KS, Insel P. Risk of death with atypical antipsychotic drug treatment of dementia: meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials. JAMA 2005;294:1934-1943
    • (2005) JAMA , vol.294 , pp. 1934-1943
    • Schneider, D.1    Dagerman, K.S.2    Insel, P.3
  • 26
    • 0037318891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physicians vary in approaches to the clinical management of delirium
    • Carnes M, Howell T, Rosenberg M, et al. Physicians vary in approaches to the clinical management of delirium. J Am Geriatr Soc 2003;51:234-239
    • (2003) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.51 , pp. 234-239
    • Carnes, M.1    Howell, T.2    Rosenberg, M.3
  • 27
    • 0036800422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delirium superimposed on dementia: A systematic review
    • Fick DM, Agostini JV, Inouye SK. Delirium superimposed on dementia: a systematic review. J Am Geriatr Soc 2002;50:1723-1732
    • (2002) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.50 , pp. 1723-1732
    • Fick, D.M.1    Agostini, J.V.2    Inouye, S.K.3
  • 28
    • 28244431743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk of death in elderly users of conventional vs atypical antipsychotic medications
    • Wang PS, Schneeweiss S, Avorn J, et al. Risk of death in elderly users of conventional vs atypical antipsychotic medications. N Engl J Med 2005;353:2335-2341
    • (2005) N Engl J Med , vol.353 , pp. 2335-2341
    • Wang, P.S.1    Schneeweiss, S.2    Avorn, J.3
  • 29
    • 0033113316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delirium in elderly patients admitted to a psychiatric hospital: Causative factors and treatment
    • Suzuki H, Kuroda S, Ishizu H, et al. Delirium in elderly patients admitted to a psychiatric hospital: causative factors and treatment. Acta Med Okayama 1999;53:77-80
    • (1999) Acta Med Okayama , vol.53 , pp. 77-80
    • Suzuki, H.1    Kuroda, S.2    Ishizu, H.3
  • 30
    • 0029977371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of environmental strategies and psychotropic medications in the management of delirium
    • Meagher DJ, O'Hanlon D, O'Mahony E, et al. The use of environmental strategies and psychotropic medications in the management of delirium. Br J Psychiatry 1996;168:512-515
    • (1996) Br J Psychiatry , vol.168 , pp. 512-515
    • Meagher, D.J.1    O'Hanlon, D.2    O'Mahony, E.3
  • 32
    • 0036091838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of atypical antipsychotics in the treatment of delirium
    • Schwartz TL, Masand PS. The role of atypical antipsychotics in the treatment of delirium. Psychosomatics 2002;43:171-174
    • (2002) Psychosomatics , vol.43 , pp. 171-174
    • Schwartz, T.L.1    Masand, P.S.2
  • 33
    • 1942505360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delirium: Current trends in prevention and treatment
    • Webber JF, Coverdale JH, Kunik ME. Delirium: current trends in prevention and treatment. Intern Med J 2004;34:115-121
    • (2004) Intern Med J , vol.34 , pp. 115-121
    • Webber, J.F.1    Coverdale, J.H.2    Kunik, M.E.3
  • 34
    • 33645990638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atypical antipsychotics in the management of delirium: A review of the empirical literature
    • Boettger S, Breitbart W. Atypical antipsychotics in the management of delirium: a review of the empirical literature. Palliat Support Care 2005;3:227-237
    • (2005) Palliat Support Care , vol.3 , pp. 227-237
    • Boettger, S.1    Breitbart, W.2
  • 35
    • 84870471779 scopus 로고
    • American Psychiatric Association, Third Edition. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association;
    • American Psychiatric Association. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 1980:103-107
    • (1980) The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders , pp. 103-107
  • 36
    • 84870406840 scopus 로고
    • American Psychiatric Association, Third Edition, Revised. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association;
    • American Psychiatric Association. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition, Revised. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 1987:100-103
    • (1987) The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders , pp. 100-103
  • 37
    • 84870465485 scopus 로고
    • American Psychiatric Association, Fourth Edition. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association;
    • American Psychiatric Association. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 1994:124-129
    • (1994) The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders , pp. 124-129
  • 38
    • 33750969282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
    • American Psychiatric Association, Fourth Edition, Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association;
    • American Psychiatric Association. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2000:136-143
    • (2000) Text Revision , pp. 136-143
  • 39
    • 0025667229 scopus 로고
    • Clarifying confusion: The Confusion Assessment Method
    • Inouye SK, van Dyck CH, Alessi CA, et al. Clarifying confusion: the Confusion Assessment Method. Ann Intern Med 1990;113:941-948
    • (1990) Ann Intern Med , vol.113 , pp. 941-948
    • Inouye, S.K.1    van Dyck, C.H.2    Alessi, C.A.3
  • 40
    • 0027314741 scopus 로고
    • The occurrence and duration of symptoms in elderly patients with delirium
    • Rockwood K. The occurrence and duration of symptoms in elderly patients with delirium. J Gerontol 1993;48:M162-M166
    • (1993) J Gerontol , vol.48
    • Rockwood, K.1
  • 41
    • 0028868328 scopus 로고
    • Detecting delirium among hospitalized older patients
    • Pompei P, Foreman M, Cassel CK, et al. Detecting delirium among hospitalized older patients. Arch Intern Med 1995;155:301-307
    • (1995) Arch Intern Med , vol.155 , pp. 301-307
    • Pompei, P.1    Foreman, M.2    Cassel, C.K.3
  • 43
    • 0034984728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation of the Delirium Rating Scale-Revised-98: Comparison with the Delirium Rating Scale and the Cognitive Test for Delirium
    • Trzepacz PT, Mittal D, Torres R, et al. Validation of the Delirium Rating Scale-Revised-98: comparison with the Delirium Rating Scale and the Cognitive Test for Delirium. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2001;13:229-242
    • (2001) J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci , vol.13 , pp. 229-242
    • Trzepacz, P.T.1    Mittal, D.2    Torres, R.3
  • 45
    • 0032430554 scopus 로고
    • Reliability and validity of a new measure of severity of delirium
    • McCusker J, Cole M, Bellavance F, et al. Reliability and validity of a new measure of severity of delirium. Int Psychogeriatr 1988;10:421-433
    • (1988) Int Psychogeriatr , vol.10 , pp. 421-433
    • McCusker, J.1    Cole, M.2    Bellavance, F.3
  • 46
    • 0032954495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Delirium Rating Scale: Its use in consultation-liaison research
    • Trzepacz PT. The Delirium Rating Scale: its use in consultation-liaison research. Psychosomatics 1999;40:193-204
    • (1999) Psychosomatics , vol.40 , pp. 193-204
    • Trzepacz, P.T.1
  • 47
    • 0028104695 scopus 로고
    • A review of delirium assessment instruments
    • Trzepacz PT. A review of delirium assessment instruments. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 1994;16:397-405
    • (1994) Gen Hosp Psychiatry , vol.16 , pp. 397-405
    • Trzepacz, P.T.1
  • 48
    • 0037367251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An empirical study of different diagnostic criteria for delirium among elderly medical inpatients
    • Cole MG, Dendukuri N, McCusker J, et al. An empirical study of different diagnostic criteria for delirium among elderly medical inpatients. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2003;15:200-207
    • (2003) J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci , vol.15 , pp. 200-207
    • Cole, M.G.1    Dendukuri, N.2    McCusker, J.3
  • 49
    • 0028914128 scopus 로고
    • A critique of instruments and methods to detect, diagnose, and rate delirium
    • Smith MJ, Breitbart WS, Platt MM. A critique of instruments and methods to detect, diagnose, and rate delirium. J Pain Symptom Manage 1995;10:35-77
    • (1995) J Pain Symptom Manage , vol.10 , pp. 35-77
    • Smith, M.J.1    Breitbart, W.S.2    Platt, M.M.3
  • 50
    • 0019469416 scopus 로고
    • A method for assessing the quality of a randomized control trial
    • Chalmers TC, Smith H, Blackburn B, et al. A method for assessing the quality of a randomized control trial. Controlled Clinical Trials 1981;2:31-49
    • (1981) Controlled Clinical Trials , vol.2 , pp. 31-49
    • Chalmers, T.C.1    Smith, H.2    Blackburn, B.3
  • 51
    • 0035906308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The CONSORT statement: Revised recommendations for improving the quality of reports of parallel-group randomized trials
    • Moher D, Schulz KF, Altman D. The CONSORT statement: revised recommendations for improving the quality of reports of parallel-group randomized trials. JAMA 2001;285:1987-1991
    • (2001) JAMA , vol.285 , pp. 1987-1991
    • Moher, D.1    Schulz, K.F.2    Altman, D.3
  • 52
    • 0030839995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The natural history of delirium in older hospitalized patients: A syndrome of heterogeneity
    • Rudberg MA, Pompei P, Foreman MD, et al. The natural history of delirium in older hospitalized patients: a syndrome of heterogeneity. Age Ageing 1997;26:169-174
    • (1997) Age Ageing , vol.26 , pp. 169-174
    • Rudberg, M.A.1    Pompei, P.2    Foreman, M.D.3
  • 53
    • 0026732557 scopus 로고
    • Post-operative delirium: Predictors and prognosis in elderly orthopedic patients
    • Williams-Russo P, Urquhart BL, Sharrock NE, et al. Post-operative delirium: predictors and prognosis in elderly orthopedic patients. J Am Geriatr Soc 1992;40:759-767
    • (1992) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.40 , pp. 759-767
    • Williams-Russo, P.1    Urquhart, B.L.2    Sharrock, N.E.3
  • 54
    • 0035061609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preoperative risk factors for postoperative delirium
    • Litaker D, Locala J, Franco K, et al. Preoperative risk factors for postoperative delirium. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2001;23:84-89
    • (2001) Gen Hosp Psychiatry , vol.23 , pp. 84-89
    • Litaker, D.1    Locala, J.2    Franco, K.3
  • 55
    • 0024259979 scopus 로고
    • Delirium: 100 cases
    • Sirois F. Delirium: 100 cases. Can J Psychiatry 1988;33:375-378
    • (1988) Can J Psychiatry , vol.33 , pp. 375-378
    • Sirois, F.1
  • 56
    • 0035015825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute confusional state in the elderly following hip surgery: Incidence, risk factors and complications
    • Galanakis P, Bickel H, Gradinger R, et al. Acute confusional state in the elderly following hip surgery: incidence, risk factors and complications. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2001;16:349-355
    • (2001) Int J Geriatr Psychiatry , vol.16 , pp. 349-355
    • Galanakis, P.1    Bickel, H.2    Gradinger, R.3
  • 57
    • 0036154990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for postoperative delirium in vascular surgery
    • Schneider F, Bonner H, Habel U, et al. Risk factors for postoperative delirium in vascular surgery. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2002;24:28-34
    • (2002) Gen Hosp Psychiatry , vol.24 , pp. 28-34
    • Schneider, F.1    Bonner, H.2    Habel, U.3
  • 58
    • 0038266756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chlorpromazine equivalent doses for the newer atypical antipsychotics
    • Woods SW. Chlorpromazine equivalent doses for the newer atypical antipsychotics. J Clin Psychiatry 2003;64:663-667
    • (2003) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.64 , pp. 663-667
    • Woods, S.W.1
  • 59
    • 0030229381 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Usage of haloperidol for delirium in cancer patients
    • Akechi T, Uchitomi Y, Okamura H, et al. Usage of haloperidol for delirium in cancer patients. Support Care Cancer 1996;4:390-392
    • (1996) Support Care Cancer , vol.4 , pp. 390-392
    • Akechi, T.1    Uchitomi, Y.2    Okamura, H.3
  • 60
    • 0034785474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An open pilot trial of olanzapine for delirium in the Korean population
    • Kim KS, Pae CU, Chae JH, et al. An open pilot trial of olanzapine for delirium in the Korean population. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2001;55:515-519
    • (2001) Psychiatry Clin Neurosci , vol.55 , pp. 515-519
    • Kim, K.S.1    Pae, C.U.2    Chae, J.H.3
  • 61
    • 0036097170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An open trial of olanzapine for the treatment of delirium in hospitalized cancer patients
    • Breitbart W, Tremblay A, Gibson C. An open trial of olanzapine for the treatment of delirium in hospitalized cancer patients. Psychosomatics 2002;43:175-182
    • (2002) Psychosomatics , vol.43 , pp. 175-182
    • Breitbart, W.1    Tremblay, A.2    Gibson, C.3
  • 62
    • 0038689364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment for delirium with risperidone: Results of a prospective open trial with 10 patients
    • Horikawa N, Tomoko Y, Miyamoto K, et al. Treatment for delirium with risperidone: results of a prospective open trial with 10 patients. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2003;25:289-292
    • (2003) Gen Hosp Psychiatry , vol.25 , pp. 289-292
    • Horikawa, N.1    Tomoko, Y.2    Miyamoto, K.3
  • 63
    • 2942711562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risperidone in the treatment of delirium: Results from a prospective open-label trial
    • Mittal D, Jimerson NA, Neely EP, et al. Risperidone in the treatment of delirium: results from a prospective open-label trial. J Clin Psychiatry 2004;65:662-667
    • (2004) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.65 , pp. 662-667
    • Mittal, D.1    Jimerson, N.A.2    Neely, E.P.3
  • 64
    • 2342465494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risperidone in the treatment of patients with delirium
    • Parellada E, Baeza I, de Pablo J, et al. Risperidone in the treatment of patients with delirium. J Clin Psychiatry 2004;65:348-353
    • (2004) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.65 , pp. 348-353
    • Parellada, E.1    Baeza, I.2    de Pablo, J.3
  • 66
    • 0344982230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective, open-label, flexible-dose study of quetiapine in the treatment of delirium
    • Sasaki Y, Matsuyama T, Inoue S, et al. A prospective, open-label, flexible-dose study of quetiapine in the treatment of delirium. J Clin Psychiatry 2003;64:1316-1321
    • (2003) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.64 , pp. 1316-1321
    • Sasaki, Y.1    Matsuyama, T.2    Inoue, S.3
  • 67
    • 1542620760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A pilot trial of quetiapine for the treatment of patients with delirium
    • Pae CU, Lee SJ, Lee CU, et al. A pilot trial of quetiapine for the treatment of patients with delirium. Hum Psychopharmacol 2004;19:125-127
    • (2004) Hum Psychopharmacol , vol.19 , pp. 125-127
    • Pae, C.U.1    Lee, S.J.2    Lee, C.U.3
  • 68
    • 0029101990 scopus 로고
    • The effect of mianserin hydrochloride on delirium
    • Nakamura J, Uchimura N, Yamada S, et al. The effect of mianserin hydrochloride on delirium. Hum Psychopharmacol 1995;10:289-297
    • (1995) Hum Psychopharmacol , vol.10 , pp. 289-297
    • Nakamura, J.1    Uchimura, N.2    Yamada, S.3
  • 69
    • 9044244135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A double-blind trial of haloperidol, chlorpromazine and lorazepam in the treatment of delirium in hospitalized AIDS patients
    • Breitbart W, Marotta R, Platt MM, et al. A double-blind trial of haloperidol, chlorpromazine and lorazepam in the treatment of delirium in hospitalized AIDS patients. Am J Psychiatry 1996;153:231-237
    • (1996) Am J Psychiatry , vol.153 , pp. 231-237
    • Breitbart, W.1    Marotta, R.2    Platt, M.M.3
  • 70
    • 3042549215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A double-blind trial of risperidone and haloperidol for the treatment of delirium
    • Han CS, Kim YK. A double-blind trial of risperidone and haloperidol for the treatment of delirium. Psychosomatics 2004;45:297-301
    • (2004) Psychosomatics , vol.45 , pp. 297-301
    • Han, C.S.1    Kim, Y.K.2
  • 71
    • 1642415129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Olanzapine vs haloperidol: Treating delirium in a critical care setting
    • Skrobik YK, Bergeron N, Dumont M, et al. Olanzapine vs haloperidol: treating delirium in a critical care setting. Intensive Care Med 2004;30:444-449
    • (2004) Intensive Care Med , vol.30 , pp. 444-449
    • Skrobik, Y.K.1    Bergeron, N.2    Dumont, M.3
  • 72
    • 17144364335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antipsychotics and dopamine transporter gene polymorphisms in delirium patients
    • Kim JY, Jung IK, Han C, et al. Antipsychotics and dopamine transporter gene polymorphisms in delirium patients. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2005;59:183-188
    • (2005) Psychiatry Clin Neurosci , vol.59 , pp. 183-188
    • Kim, J.Y.1    Jung, I.K.2    Han, C.3
  • 73
    • 0036387223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic detection and multidisciplinary care of delirium in older medical inpatients: A randomized trial
    • Cole MG, McCusker J, Bellavance F, et al. Systematic detection and multidisciplinary care of delirium in older medical inpatients: a randomized trial. CMAJ 2002;167:753-769
    • (2002) CMAJ , vol.167 , pp. 753-769
    • Cole, M.G.1    McCusker, J.2    Bellavance, F.3
  • 74
    • 18944401652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multifactorial intervention program reduces the duration of delirium, length of hospitalization, and mortality in delirious patients
    • Lundstrom M, Edlund A, Karlsson S, et al. A multifactorial intervention program reduces the duration of delirium, length of hospitalization, and mortality in delirious patients. J Am Geriatr Soc 2005;53:622-628
    • (2005) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.53 , pp. 622-628
    • Lundstrom, M.1    Edlund, A.2    Karlsson, S.3
  • 75
    • 30944447824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Haloperidol prophylaxis for elderly hip-surgery patients at risk for delirium: A randomized placebo-controlled study
    • Kalisvaart KJ, de Jonghe JFM, Bogaards MJ, et al. Haloperidol prophylaxis for elderly hip-surgery patients at risk for delirium: a randomized placebo-controlled study. J Am Geriatr Soc 2005;53:1658-1666
    • (2005) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.53 , pp. 1658-1666
    • Kalisvaart, K.J.1    de Jonghe, J.F.M.2    Bogaards, M.J.3
  • 76
    • 33645055534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Donepezil in the prevention and treatment of post-surgical delirium
    • Liptzin B, Laki A, Garb JL, et al. Donepezil in the prevention and treatment of post-surgical delirium. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2005;13:1100-1106
    • (2005) Am J Geriatr Psychiatry , vol.13 , pp. 1100-1106
    • Liptzin, B.1    Laki, A.2    Garb, J.L.3
  • 77
    • 0024496333 scopus 로고
    • Acute confusion in elderly medical patients
    • Rockwood K. Acute confusion in elderly medical patients. J Am Geriatr Soc 1989;37:150-154
    • (1989) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.37 , pp. 150-154
    • Rockwood, K.1
  • 78
    • 0030225801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A retrospective study of the psychiatric management and outcome of delirium in the cancer patient
    • Olofsson SM, Wietzner MA, Valentine AD, et al. A retrospective study of the psychiatric management and outcome of delirium in the cancer patient. Support Care Cancer 1996;4:351-357
    • (1996) Support Care Cancer , vol.4 , pp. 351-357
    • Olofsson, S.M.1    Wietzner, M.A.2    Valentine, A.D.3
  • 79
    • 0024411396 scopus 로고
    • Delirium among elderly persons admitted to a psychiatric hospital: Clinical course during the acute stage and one-year follow-up
    • Koponen H, Stenback U, Mattila E, et al. Delirium among elderly persons admitted to a psychiatric hospital: clinical course during the acute stage and one-year follow-up. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1989;79:579-585
    • (1989) Acta Psychiatr Scand , vol.79 , pp. 579-585
    • Koponen, H.1    Stenback, U.2    Mattila, E.3
  • 80
    • 20844455594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inter-rater reliability of delirium rating scales
    • Bhat R, Rockwood K. Inter-rater reliability of delirium rating scales. Neuroepidemiology 2005;25:48-52
    • (2005) Neuroepidemiology , vol.25 , pp. 48-52
    • Bhat, R.1    Rockwood, K.2
  • 81
    • 0034995185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reducing delirium after hip fracture: A randomized trial
    • Marcantonio ER, Flacker JM, Wright RJ, et al. Reducing delirium after hip fracture: a randomized trial. J Am Geriatr Soc 2001;49:516-522
    • (2001) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.49 , pp. 516-522
    • Marcantonio, E.R.1    Flacker, J.M.2    Wright, R.J.3
  • 82
    • 0026506903 scopus 로고
    • Delirium: The occurrence and persistence of symptoms among elderly hospitalized patients
    • Levkoff SE, Evans DA, Liptzin B, et al. Delirium: the occurrence and persistence of symptoms among elderly hospitalized patients. Arch Intern Med 1992;152:334-340
    • (1992) Arch Intern Med , vol.152 , pp. 334-340
    • Levkoff, S.E.1    Evans, D.A.2    Liptzin, B.3
  • 83
    • 0026464822 scopus 로고
    • An empirical study of delirium subtypes
    • Liptzin B, Levkoff SE. An empirical study of delirium subtypes. Br J Psychiatry 1992;161:843-845
    • (1992) Br J Psychiatry , vol.161 , pp. 843-845
    • Liptzin, B.1    Levkoff, S.E.2
  • 85
    • 0031416244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The duration of delirium in medical and postoperative patients referred for psychiatry consultation
    • Manos PJ, Wu R. The duration of delirium in medical and postoperative patients referred for psychiatry consultation. Ann Clin Psychiatry 1997;9:219-226
    • (1997) Ann Clin Psychiatry , vol.9 , pp. 219-226
    • Manos, P.J.1    Wu, R.2
  • 86
    • 12244306234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Haloperidol use is associated with lower hospital mortality in mechanically ventilated patients
    • Milbrandt EB, Kersten A, Kong L, et al. Haloperidol use is associated with lower hospital mortality in mechanically ventilated patients. Crit Care Med 2005;33:226-229
    • (2005) Crit Care Med , vol.33 , pp. 226-229
    • Milbrandt, E.B.1    Kersten, A.2    Kong, L.3
  • 87
    • 0024424965 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of acute nonspecific delirium with iv haloperidol in surgical intensive care patients
    • Moulaert P. Treatment of acute nonspecific delirium with iv haloperidol in surgical intensive care patients. Acta Anaesthesiol Belg 1989;40:183-186
    • (1989) Acta Anaesthesiol Belg , vol.40 , pp. 183-186
    • Moulaert, P.1
  • 88
    • 0027668914 scopus 로고
    • Management of delirium associated with use of the intra-aortic balloon pump
    • Sanders KM, Stern TA. Management of delirium associated with use of the intra-aortic balloon pump. Am J Crit Care 1993;2:371-377
    • (1993) Am J Crit Care , vol.2 , pp. 371-377
    • Sanders, K.M.1    Stern, T.A.2
  • 89
    • 0029121684 scopus 로고
    • Use of haloperidol infusions to control delirium in critically ill adults
    • Seneff MG, Mathews RA. Use of haloperidol infusions to control delirium in critically ill adults. Ann Pharmacother 1995;29:690-693
    • (1995) Ann Pharmacother , vol.29 , pp. 690-693
    • Seneff, M.G.1    Mathews, R.A.2
  • 90
    • 0023192961 scopus 로고
    • Decreased extrapyramidal symptoms with intravenous haloperidol
    • Menza MA, Murray GB, Holmes VF, et al. Decreased extrapyramidal symptoms with intravenous haloperidol. J Clin Psychiatry 1987;48:278-280
    • (1987) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.48 , pp. 278-280
    • Menza, M.A.1    Murray, G.B.2    Holmes, V.F.3
  • 91
    • 0024466584 scopus 로고
    • Low incidence of extrapyramidal symptoms in treatment of delirium with intravenous haloperidol and lorazepam in the intensive care unit
    • Sanders KM, Minnema AM, Murray GB. Low incidence of extrapyramidal symptoms in treatment of delirium with intravenous haloperidol and lorazepam in the intensive care unit. J Intensive Care Med 1989;4:201-204
    • (1989) J Intensive Care Med , vol.4 , pp. 201-204
    • Sanders, K.M.1    Minnema, A.M.2    Murray, G.B.3
  • 92
    • 0030823272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extrapyramidal symptoms from intravenous haloperidol in the treatment of delirium
    • Blitzstein SM, Brandt GT. Extrapyramidal symptoms from intravenous haloperidol in the treatment of delirium. Am J Psychiatry 1997;154:1474-1475
    • (1997) Am J Psychiatry , vol.154 , pp. 1474-1475
    • Blitzstein, S.M.1    Brandt, G.T.2
  • 93
    • 0027457330 scopus 로고
    • Prolongation of the corrected QT and torsades de pointes cardiac arrhythmia associated with intravenous haloperidol in the medically ill
    • Metzger E, Friedman R. Prolongation of the corrected QT and torsades de pointes cardiac arrhythmia associated with intravenous haloperidol in the medically ill. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1993;13:128-132
    • (1993) J Clin Psychopharmacol , vol.13 , pp. 128-132
    • Metzger, E.1    Friedman, R.2
  • 94
    • 0032518968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Torsade de pointes associated with intravenous haloperidol in critically ill patients
    • Sharma ND, Rosman HS, Padhi D, et al. Torsade de pointes associated with intravenous haloperidol in critically ill patients. Am J Cardiol 1998;81:238-240
    • (1998) Am J Cardiol , vol.81 , pp. 238-240
    • Sharma, N.D.1    Rosman, H.S.2    Padhi, D.3
  • 95
    • 0028803399 scopus 로고
    • The association between intravenous haloperidol and torsade de pointes: Three cases and a literature review
    • Hunt N, Stern TA. The association between intravenous haloperidol and torsade de pointes: three cases and a literature review. Psychosomatics 1995;36:541-549
    • (1995) Psychosomatics , vol.36 , pp. 541-549
    • Hunt, N.1    Stern, T.A.2
  • 97
    • 0023751148 scopus 로고
    • Neuropsychiatric evaluation and treatment of delirium in cancer patients
    • Adams F. Neuropsychiatric evaluation and treatment of delirium in cancer patients. Adv Psychosom Med 1988;18:26-36
    • (1988) Adv Psychosom Med , vol.18 , pp. 26-36
    • Adams, F.1
  • 98
    • 0029013711 scopus 로고
    • Continuous droperidol infusion for management of agitated delirium in an intensive care unit
    • Frye MA, Coudreault MF, Hakeman SM, et al. Continuous droperidol infusion for management of agitated delirium in an intensive care unit. Psychosomatics 1995;36:301-305
    • (1995) Psychosomatics , vol.36 , pp. 301-305
    • Frye, M.A.1    Coudreault, M.F.2    Hakeman, S.M.3
  • 100
    • 0027249512 scopus 로고
    • Pimozide is effective in delirium secondary to hypercalcemia when other neuroleptics fail
    • Mark BZ, Kunkel FJS, Fabi MB, et al. Pimozide is effective in delirium secondary to hypercalcemia when other neuroleptics fail. Psychosomatics 1993;34:446-450
    • (1993) Psychosomatics , vol.34 , pp. 446-450
    • Mark, B.Z.1    Kunkel, F.J.S.2    Fabi, M.B.3
  • 101
    • 0141427681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Loxapine versus olanzapine in the treatment of delirium following traumatic brain injury
    • Krieger D, Hansen K, McDermott C, et al. Loxapine versus olanzapine in the treatment of delirium following traumatic brain injury. Neurorehabilitation 2003;18:205-208
    • (2003) Neurorehabilitation , vol.18 , pp. 205-208
    • Krieger, D.1    Hansen, K.2    McDermott, C.3
  • 102
    • 0036188136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ziprasidone treatment of delirium
    • Leso L, Schwartz TL. Ziprasidone treatment of delirium. Psychosomatics 2002;43:61-62
    • (2002) Psychosomatics , vol.43 , pp. 61-62
    • Leso, L.1    Schwartz, T.L.2
  • 103
    • 30944456902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A model for management of delirious postacute care patients
    • Bergmann MA, Murphy KM, Kiely DK, et al. A model for management of delirious postacute care patients. J Am Geriatr Soc 2005;53:1817-1825
    • (2005) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.53 , pp. 1817-1825
    • Bergmann, M.A.1    Murphy, K.M.2    Kiely, D.K.3
  • 104
    • 0029842312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of interventions to prevent delirium in hospitalized patients: A systematic review
    • Cole MG, Primeau F, McCusker J. Effectiveness of interventions to prevent delirium in hospitalized patients: a systematic review. CMAJ 1996;155:1263-1268
    • (1996) CMAJ , vol.155 , pp. 1263-1268
    • Cole, M.G.1    Primeau, F.2    McCusker, J.3
  • 105
    • 0033522146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multicomponent intervention to prevent delirium in hospitalized older patients
    • Inouye SK, Bogardus ST, Charpentier PA, et al. A multicomponent intervention to prevent delirium in hospitalized older patients. N Engl J Med 1999;340:669-676
    • (1999) N Engl J Med , vol.340 , pp. 669-676
    • Inouye, S.K.1    Bogardus, S.T.2    Charpentier, P.A.3
  • 106
    • 33644988306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delirium in older persons
    • Inouye SK. Delirium in older persons. N Engl J Med 2006;354:1157-1165
    • (2006) N Engl J Med , vol.354 , pp. 1157-1165
    • Inouye, S.K.1
  • 107
    • 33744987160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perioperative haloperidol to prevent postoperative delirium [letter]
    • Seitz DP, Gill SS. Perioperative haloperidol to prevent postoperative delirium [letter]. J Am Geriatr Soc 2006;54:861
    • (2006) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.54 , pp. 861
    • Seitz, D.P.1    Gill, S.S.2
  • 108
    • 17144397712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using meta-analysis to evaluate evidence: Tips and traps
    • Lam RW, Kennedy SH. Using meta-analysis to evaluate evidence: tips and traps. Can J Psychiatry 2005;50:167-174
    • (2005) Can J Psychiatry , vol.50 , pp. 167-174
    • Lam, R.W.1    Kennedy, S.H.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.