메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 53, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 235-249

Consistent affection of the central somatosensory system in spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 and type 3 and its significance for clinical symptoms and rehabilitative therapy

Author keywords

Ataxia; Dysphagia; Neuroanatomy; Neurorehabilitation; Pathoanatomy

Indexed keywords

AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT INHERITANCE; CEREBELLUM CORTEX; CLINICAL FEATURE; CUNEATE NUCLEUS; DISEASE SEVERITY; FATALITY; FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY; GRACILE NUCLEUS; HUMAN; MOTOR CORTEX; MOTOR DYSFUNCTION; NERVE CELL PLASTICITY; NEUROANATOMY; PATHOGENESIS; PHYSIOTHERAPY; PONS; PREMOTOR CORTEX; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SOMATOSENSORY CORTEX; SOMATOSENSORY DISORDER; SOMATOSENSORY SYSTEM; SPINOCEREBELLAR ATAXIA TYPE 2; SPINOCEREBELLAR ATAXIA TYPE 3; SPINOCEREBELLAR DEGENERATION; SWALLOWING; SYMPTOM; THALAMUS VENTRAL NUCLEUS; TRIGEMINAL NUCLEUS;

EID: 33846635034     PISSN: 01650173     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresrev.2006.08.003     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (48)

References (71)
  • 1
    • 2642686623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia type I nerve conduction and evoked potential studies in families with SCA1, SCA2 and SCA3
    • Abele M., Bürk K., Andres F., Topka H., Laccone F., Bösch S., Brice A., Cancel G., Dichgangs J., and Klockgether T. Autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia type I nerve conduction and evoked potential studies in families with SCA1, SCA2 and SCA3. Brain 120 (1997) 2141-2148
    • (1997) Brain , vol.120 , pp. 2141-2148
    • Abele, M.1    Bürk, K.2    Andres, F.3    Topka, H.4    Laccone, F.5    Bösch, S.6    Brice, A.7    Cancel, G.8    Dichgangs, J.9    Klockgether, T.10
  • 2
    • 0000433241 scopus 로고
    • Central mechanisms of initiation and control of movement
    • Asbury A.K., McKhann G.M., and McDonald W.I. (Eds), Saunders, Philadelphia
    • Alexander G.E., and DeLong N.R. Central mechanisms of initiation and control of movement. In: Asbury A.K., McKhann G.M., and McDonald W.I. (Eds). Diseases of the Nervous System, Clinical Neurobiology. 2nd edn. (1992), Saunders, Philadelphia 285-308
    • (1992) Diseases of the Nervous System, Clinical Neurobiology. 2nd edn. , pp. 285-308
    • Alexander, G.E.1    DeLong, N.R.2
  • 3
    • 0035804040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Laryngeal and respiratory protective reflexes
    • Altschuler S.M. Laryngeal and respiratory protective reflexes. Am. J. Med. 111 (2001) 90-94
    • (2001) Am. J. Med. , vol.111 , pp. 90-94
    • Altschuler, S.M.1
  • 4
    • 0012637390 scopus 로고
    • Disorders of peripheral nerve
    • Asbury A.K., McKhann G.M., and McDonald W.I. (Eds), Saunders, Philadelphia
    • Asbury A.K., and Bird S.J. Disorders of peripheral nerve. In: Asbury A.K., McKhann G.M., and McDonald W.I. (Eds). Diseases of the Nervous System, Clinical Neurobiology. 2nd edn. (1992), Saunders, Philadelphia 252-269
    • (1992) Diseases of the Nervous System, Clinical Neurobiology. 2nd edn. , pp. 252-269
    • Asbury, A.K.1    Bird, S.J.2
  • 5
    • 24744447434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defining the role of ubiquitin-interacting motifs in the polyglutamine disease protein, ataxin-3
    • Berke S.J., Chai Y., Marrs G.L., Wen H., and Paulson H.L. Defining the role of ubiquitin-interacting motifs in the polyglutamine disease protein, ataxin-3. J. Biol. Chem. 280 (2005) 32026-32034
    • (2005) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.280 , pp. 32026-32034
    • Berke, S.J.1    Chai, Y.2    Marrs, G.L.3    Wen, H.4    Paulson, H.L.5
  • 7
    • 0037329884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Involvement of precerebellar nuclei in multiple system atrophy
    • Braak H., Rüb U., and Del Tredici K. Involvement of precerebellar nuclei in multiple system atrophy. Neuropathol. Appl. Neurobiol. 29 (2003) 60-76
    • (2003) Neuropathol. Appl. Neurobiol. , vol.29 , pp. 60-76
    • Braak, H.1    Rüb, U.2    Del Tredici, K.3
  • 12
    • 0003157216 scopus 로고
    • The basal ganglia
    • Kandel E.R., Schwartz J.H., and Jessell T.M. (Eds), Elsevier, New York
    • Côté L., and Crutcher M.D. The basal ganglia. In: Kandel E.R., Schwartz J.H., and Jessell T.M. (Eds). Principles of Neural Science (1991), Elsevier, New York 647-659
    • (1991) Principles of Neural Science , pp. 647-659
    • Côté, L.1    Crutcher, M.D.2
  • 13
    • 0000561786 scopus 로고
    • Trigeminal system
    • Kandel E.R., Schwartz J.H., and Jessell T.M. (Eds), Elsevier, New York
    • Dodd J., and Kelly J.P. Trigeminal system. In: Kandel E.R., Schwartz J.H., and Jessell T.M. (Eds). Principles of Neural Science (1991), Elsevier, New York 701-710
    • (1991) Principles of Neural Science , pp. 701-710
    • Dodd, J.1    Kelly, J.P.2
  • 14
    • 2542496842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Manipulation of central nervous system plasticity: a new dimension in the care of neurologically impaired patients
    • Drubach D.A., Makley M., and Dodd M.L. Manipulation of central nervous system plasticity: a new dimension in the care of neurologically impaired patients. Mayo Clin. Proc. 79 (2004) 796-800
    • (2004) Mayo Clin. Proc. , vol.79 , pp. 796-800
    • Drubach, D.A.1    Makley, M.2    Dodd, M.L.3
  • 15
    • 0029611008 scopus 로고
    • Autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia type I in Martinique (French West Indies). Clinical and neuropathological analysis of 53 patients from three unrelated SCA2 families
    • Dürr A., Smadja D., Cancel G., Lezin A., Stevanin G., Mikol J., Bellance R., Buisson G.G., Chneiweiss H., and Dellanave J. Autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia type I in Martinique (French West Indies). Clinical and neuropathological analysis of 53 patients from three unrelated SCA2 families. Brain 118 (1995) 1573-1581
    • (1995) Brain , vol.118 , pp. 1573-1581
    • Dürr, A.1    Smadja, D.2    Cancel, G.3    Lezin, A.4    Stevanin, G.5    Mikol, J.6    Bellance, R.7    Buisson, G.G.8    Chneiweiss, H.9    Dellanave, J.10
  • 16
    • 0036920199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiological and pathological aspects of oropharyngeal swallowing
    • Ertekin C. Physiological and pathological aspects of oropharyngeal swallowing. Mov. Disord. 17 Suppl. 2 (2002) 86-89
    • (2002) Mov. Disord. , vol.17 , Issue.SUPPL. 2 , pp. 86-89
    • Ertekin, C.1
  • 17
    • 0344687417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurophysiology of swallowing
    • Ertekin C., and Aydolgu I. Neurophysiology of swallowing. Clin. Neurophysiol. 114 (2003) 2226-2244
    • (2003) Clin. Neurophysiol. , vol.114 , pp. 2226-2244
    • Ertekin, C.1    Aydolgu, I.2
  • 19
    • 0030944114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The prevalence and wide clinical spectrum of the spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 trinucleotide repeat in patients with autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia
    • Geschwind D.H., Perlman S., Figueroa C.P., Treiman L.J., and Pulst S.M. The prevalence and wide clinical spectrum of the spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 trinucleotide repeat in patients with autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 60 (1997) 842-850
    • (1997) Am. J. Hum. Genet. , vol.60 , pp. 842-850
    • Geschwind, D.H.1    Perlman, S.2    Figueroa, C.P.3    Treiman, L.J.4    Pulst, S.M.5
  • 20
    • 0002946193 scopus 로고
    • Posture
    • Kandel E.R., Schwartz J.H., and Jessell T.M. (Eds), Elsevier, New York
    • Ghez C. Posture. In: Kandel E.R., Schwartz J.H., and Jessell T.M. (Eds). Principles of Neural Science (1991), Elsevier, New York 596-607
    • (1991) Principles of Neural Science , pp. 596-607
    • Ghez, C.1
  • 21
    • 0002437847 scopus 로고
    • The cerebellum
    • Kandel E.R., Schwartz J.H., and Jessell T.M. (Eds), Elsevier, New York
    • Ghez C. The cerebellum. In: Kandel E.R., Schwartz J.H., and Jessell T.M. (Eds). Principles of Neural Science (1991), Elsevier, New York 626-646
    • (1991) Principles of Neural Science , pp. 626-646
    • Ghez, C.1
  • 22
    • 0001972661 scopus 로고
    • Voluntary movement
    • Kandel E.R., Schwartz J.H., and Jessell T.M. (Eds), Elsevier, New York
    • Ghez C. Voluntary movement. In: Kandel E.R., Schwartz J.H., and Jessell T.M. (Eds). Principles of Neural Science (1991), Elsevier, New York 609-625
    • (1991) Principles of Neural Science , pp. 609-625
    • Ghez, C.1
  • 24
    • 0002895562 scopus 로고
    • Cerebellum and motor dysfunction
    • Asbury A.K., McKhann G.M., and McDonald W.I. (Eds), Saunders, Philadelphia
    • Gilman S. Cerebellum and motor dysfunction. In: Asbury A.K., McKhann G.M., and McDonald W.I. (Eds). Diseases of the Nervous System: Clinical Neurobiology. 2nd edn. (1992), Saunders, Philadelphia 368-389
    • (1992) Diseases of the Nervous System: Clinical Neurobiology. 2nd edn. , pp. 368-389
    • Gilman, S.1
  • 25
    • 0034523402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The spinocerebellar ataxias
    • Gilman S. The spinocerebellar ataxias. Clin. Neuropharmacol. 23 (2000) 296-303
    • (2000) Clin. Neuropharmacol. , vol.23 , pp. 296-303
    • Gilman, S.1
  • 27
    • 33745513217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spinocerebellar ataxia type 4 (SCA4): initial pathoanatomical study reveals widespread cerebellar and brainstem degeneration
    • Hellenbroich Y., Gierga K., Reusche E., Schwinger E., Deller T., de Vos R.A., Zühlke C., and Rüb U. Spinocerebellar ataxia type 4 (SCA4): initial pathoanatomical study reveals widespread cerebellar and brainstem degeneration. J. Neural Transm. 113 (2006) 829-843
    • (2006) J. Neural Transm. , vol.113 , pp. 829-843
    • Hellenbroich, Y.1    Gierga, K.2    Reusche, E.3    Schwinger, E.4    Deller, T.5    de Vos, R.A.6    Zühlke, C.7    Rüb, U.8
  • 29
    • 0033375147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rationales for improving motor function
    • Hummelsheim H. Rationales for improving motor function. Curr. Opin. Neurol. 12 (1999) 697-701
    • (1999) Curr. Opin. Neurol. , vol.12 , pp. 697-701
    • Hummelsheim, H.1
  • 30
    • 0020582504 scopus 로고
    • A rapid myelin stain for frozen sections: modifications of the Heidenhain procedure
    • Hutchins B., and Weber J.T. A rapid myelin stain for frozen sections: modifications of the Heidenhain procedure. J. Neurosci. Methods 7 (1983) 289-294
    • (1983) J. Neurosci. Methods , vol.7 , pp. 289-294
    • Hutchins, B.1    Weber, J.T.2
  • 32
    • 0033111229 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autosomal dominant spinocerebellar degenerations. Clinical, pathological, and genetic correlations
    • Iwabuchi K., Tsuchiya K., Uchihara T., and Yagishita S. Autosomal dominant spinocerebellar degenerations. Clinical, pathological, and genetic correlations. Rev. 155 (1999) 255-270
    • (1999) Rev. , vol.155 , pp. 255-270
    • Iwabuchi, K.1    Tsuchiya, K.2    Uchihara, T.3    Yagishita, S.4
  • 33
  • 35
    • 0003047661 scopus 로고
    • Somatosensory system
    • Paxinos G. (Ed), Academic Press, San Diego
    • Kaas J.H. Somatosensory system. In: Paxinos G. (Ed). The Human Central Nervous System (1990), Academic Press, San Diego 813-844
    • (1990) The Human Central Nervous System , pp. 813-844
    • Kaas, J.H.1
  • 37
    • 22144465975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ataxias
    • Goetz C.G. (Ed), WB Saunders Publishing, Philadelphia
    • Klockgether T. Ataxias. In: Goetz C.G. (Ed). Textbook of Clinical Neurology. 2nd edn. (2003), WB Saunders Publishing, Philadelphia 741-757
    • (2003) Textbook of Clinical Neurology. 2nd edn. , pp. 741-757
    • Klockgether, T.1
  • 39
    • 0020578560 scopus 로고
    • Swallowing, ingestion and dysphagia: a reappraisal
    • Leopold N.A., and Kagel M.C. Swallowing, ingestion and dysphagia: a reappraisal. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. 64 (1983) 371-373
    • (1983) Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. , vol.64 , pp. 371-373
    • Leopold, N.A.1    Kagel, M.C.2
  • 40
    • 0038387798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dysphagia: evaluation and treatment
    • Lind C.D. Dysphagia: evaluation and treatment. Gastroenterol. Clin. North Am. 32 (2003) 553-575
    • (2003) Gastroenterol. Clin. North Am. , vol.32 , pp. 553-575
    • Lind, C.D.1
  • 41
    • 0000039384 scopus 로고
    • Somatosensory function and dysfunction
    • Asbury A.K., McKhann G.M., and McDonald W.I. (Eds), Saunders, Philadelphia
    • Lindblom U., and Ochoa J. Somatosensory function and dysfunction. In: Asbury A.K., McKhann G.M., and McDonald W.I. (Eds). Diseases of the Nervous System: Clinical Neurobiology. 2nd edn. (1992), Saunders, Philadelphia 213-228
    • (1992) Diseases of the Nervous System: Clinical Neurobiology. 2nd edn. , pp. 213-228
    • Lindblom, U.1    Ochoa, J.2
  • 42
    • 0343643352 scopus 로고
    • Organization of pain pathways
    • Asbury A.K., McKhann G.M., and McDonald W.I. (Eds), Saunders, Philadelphia
    • Maciewicz R. Organization of pain pathways. In: Asbury A.K., McKhann G.M., and McDonald W.I. (Eds). Diseases of the Nervous System: Clinical Neurobiology. 2nd edn. (1992), Saunders, Philadelphia 849-857
    • (1992) Diseases of the Nervous System: Clinical Neurobiology. 2nd edn. , pp. 849-857
    • Maciewicz, R.1
  • 43
    • 0037821966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aspiration pneumonia and dysphagia in the elderly
    • Marik P.E., and Kaplan D. Aspiration pneumonia and dysphagia in the elderly. Chest 124 (2003) 328-336
    • (2003) Chest , vol.124 , pp. 328-336
    • Marik, P.E.1    Kaplan, D.2
  • 44
    • 0002394520 scopus 로고
    • Anatomy of the somatic sensory system
    • Kandel E.R., Schwartz J.H., and Jessell T.M. (Eds), Elsevier, New York
    • Martin J.H., and Jessell T. Anatomy of the somatic sensory system. In: Kandel E.R., Schwartz J.H., and Jessell T.M. (Eds). Principles of Neural Science (1991), Elsevier, New York 353-366
    • (1991) Principles of Neural Science , pp. 353-366
    • Martin, J.H.1    Jessell, T.2
  • 46
    • 0028813545 scopus 로고
    • Swallowing therapy of neurologic patients: correlation of outcome with pretreatment variables and therapeutic methods
    • Neumann S., Bartolome G., Buchholz D., and Prosiegel M. Swallowing therapy of neurologic patients: correlation of outcome with pretreatment variables and therapeutic methods. Dysphagia 10 (1995) 1-5
    • (1995) Dysphagia , vol.10 , pp. 1-5
    • Neumann, S.1    Bartolome, G.2    Buchholz, D.3    Prosiegel, M.4
  • 47
    • 0034655433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation and treatment of swallowing impairments
    • Palmer J.B., Drennan J.C., and Baba M. Evaluation and treatment of swallowing impairments. Am. Fam. Phys. 61 (2000) 2453-2462
    • (2000) Am. Fam. Phys. , vol.61 , pp. 2453-2462
    • Palmer, J.B.1    Drennan, J.C.2    Baba, M.3
  • 48
    • 0034832938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ataxia and hereditary disorders
    • Paulson H., and Ammache Z. Ataxia and hereditary disorders. Mov. Disord. 19 (2001) 759-782
    • (2001) Mov. Disord. , vol.19 , pp. 759-782
    • Paulson, H.1    Ammache, Z.2
  • 49
    • 0002668617 scopus 로고
    • Human homologs to brainstem nuclei identified in other animals as revealed by acetylcholinesterase activity
    • Paxinos G. (Ed), Academic Press, San Diego
    • Paxinos G., Törk I., Halliday G., and Mehler M.R. Human homologs to brainstem nuclei identified in other animals as revealed by acetylcholinesterase activity. In: Paxinos G. (Ed). The Human Central Nervous System (1990), Academic Press, San Diego 140-202
    • (1990) The Human Central Nervous System , pp. 140-202
    • Paxinos, G.1    Törk, I.2    Halliday, G.3    Mehler, M.R.4
  • 50
    • 0141685490 scopus 로고
    • Anatomy of the spinal cord
    • Schaltenbrand G., and Walker E.A. (Eds), Thieme, Stuttgart
    • Peele T.L. Anatomy of the spinal cord. In: Schaltenbrand G., and Walker E.A. (Eds). Stereotaxy of the Human Brain (1982), Thieme, Stuttgart 13-22
    • (1982) Stereotaxy of the Human Brain , pp. 13-22
    • Peele, T.L.1
  • 52
    • 26444552945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ataxin-2 and huntingtin interact with endophilin-A complexes to function in plastin-associated pathways
    • Raiser M., Nonhoff U., Albrecht M., Lengauer T., Wanker E.E., Lehrach H., and Krobitsch S. Ataxin-2 and huntingtin interact with endophilin-A complexes to function in plastin-associated pathways. Hum. Mol. Genet. 14 (2005) 2893-2909
    • (2005) Hum. Mol. Genet. , vol.14 , pp. 2893-2909
    • Raiser, M.1    Nonhoff, U.2    Albrecht, M.3    Lengauer, T.4    Wanker, E.E.5    Lehrach, H.6    Krobitsch, S.7
  • 53
    • 3042528741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment and management of dysphagia
    • Ramsey D.J., and Smithard D.G. Assessment and management of dysphagia. Hosp. Med. 65 (2004) 274-279
    • (2004) Hosp. Med. , vol.65 , pp. 274-279
    • Ramsey, D.J.1    Smithard, D.G.2
  • 56
    • 0037327486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for the pathoanatomical examination of the lower brain stem in ingestive and swallowing disorders and its application to a dysphagic spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 patient
    • Rüb U., Brunt E.R., Del Turco D., de Vos R.A.I., Gierga K., Paulson H., and Braak H. Guidelines for the pathoanatomical examination of the lower brain stem in ingestive and swallowing disorders and its application to a dysphagic spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 patient. Neuropathol. Appl. Neurobiol. 29 (2003) 1-13
    • (2003) Neuropathol. Appl. Neurobiol. , vol.29 , pp. 1-13
    • Rüb, U.1    Brunt, E.R.2    Del Turco, D.3    de Vos, R.A.I.4    Gierga, K.5    Paulson, H.6    Braak, H.7
  • 58
    • 17044447789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anatomically-based guidelines for systematic investigations of the central somatosensory system and their application to a spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) patient
    • Rüb U., Schultz C., Del Tredici K., Gierga K., Reifenberger G., De Vos R.A.I., Seifried C., Braak H., and Auburger G. Anatomically-based guidelines for systematic investigations of the central somatosensory system and their application to a spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) patient. Neuropathol. Appl. Neurobiol. 29 (2003) 418-433
    • (2003) Neuropathol. Appl. Neurobiol. , vol.29 , pp. 418-433
    • Rüb, U.1    Schultz, C.2    Del Tredici, K.3    Gierga, K.4    Reifenberger, G.5    De Vos, R.A.I.6    Seifried, C.7    Braak, H.8    Auburger, G.9
  • 62
    • 0003102545 scopus 로고
    • Pathophysiology of nerve and root disorders
    • Asbury A.K., McKhann G.M., and McDonald W.I. (Eds), Saunders, Philadelphia
    • Said G., and Thomas P.K. Pathophysiology of nerve and root disorders. In: Asbury A.K., McKhann G.M., and McDonald W.I. (Eds). Diseases of the Nervous System: Clinical Neurobiology. 2nd edn. (1992), Saunders, Philadelphia 241-251
    • (1992) Diseases of the Nervous System: Clinical Neurobiology. 2nd edn. , pp. 241-251
    • Said, G.1    Thomas, P.K.2
  • 63
    • 0002019979 scopus 로고
    • Spinal cord: connections
    • Paxinos G. (Ed), Academic Press, San Diego
    • Schoenen J., and Grant G. Spinal cord: connections. In: Paxinos G. (Ed). The Human Central Nervous System (1990), Academic Press, San Diego 77-92
    • (1990) The Human Central Nervous System , pp. 77-92
    • Schoenen, J.1    Grant, G.2
  • 64
    • 2642589007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia: phenotypic differences in genetically defined subtypes?
    • Schöls L., Amoiridis G., Büttner T., Przuntek H., Epplen J.T., and Riess O. Autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia: phenotypic differences in genetically defined subtypes?. Ann. Neurol. 42 (1997) 924-932
    • (1997) Ann. Neurol. , vol.42 , pp. 924-932
    • Schöls, L.1    Amoiridis, G.2    Büttner, T.3    Przuntek, H.4    Epplen, J.T.5    Riess, O.6
  • 67
    • 11144356369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxias: clinical features, genetics, and pathogenesis
    • Schöls L., Bauer P., Schmidt T., Schulte T., and Riess O. Autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxias: clinical features, genetics, and pathogenesis. Lancet Neurol. 3 (2004) 291-304
    • (2004) Lancet Neurol. , vol.3 , pp. 291-304
    • Schöls, L.1    Bauer, P.2    Schmidt, T.3    Schulte, T.4    Riess, O.5
  • 68
    • 0036513251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New treatments in neurorehabilitation founded on basic research
    • Taub E., Uswatte G., and Elbert T. New treatments in neurorehabilitation founded on basic research. Nat. Rev., Neurosci. 3 (2002) 228-236
    • (2002) Nat. Rev., Neurosci. , vol.3 , pp. 228-236
    • Taub, E.1    Uswatte, G.2    Elbert, T.3
  • 69
    • 0031204454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pain-related and electrically stimulated somatosensory evoked potentials in patients with Machado-Joseph disease and multiple system atrophy
    • Yamamoto M., Kachi T., and Sobue G. Pain-related and electrically stimulated somatosensory evoked potentials in patients with Machado-Joseph disease and multiple system atrophy. Intern. Med. 36 (1997) 550-555
    • (1997) Intern. Med. , vol.36 , pp. 550-555
    • Yamamoto, M.1    Kachi, T.2    Sobue, G.3
  • 70
    • 0034094873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutamine repeats and neurodegeneration
    • Zhogbi H.Y., and Orr H.T. Glutamine repeats and neurodegeneration. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 23 (2000) 217-247
    • (2000) Annu. Rev. Neurosci. , vol.23 , pp. 217-247
    • Zhogbi, H.Y.1    Orr, H.T.2
  • 71
    • 0002957344 scopus 로고
    • Cortex
    • Paxinos G. (Ed), Academic Press, San Diego
    • Zilles K. Cortex. In: Paxinos G. (Ed). The Human Central Nervous System (1990), Academic Press, San Diego 757-802
    • (1990) The Human Central Nervous System , pp. 757-802
    • Zilles, K.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.