Fine, ultrafine particles and nanoparticles in ambient and work environments: Possible health effects and measure of inhaled exposure;Particelle fini, ultrafini e nanoparticelle in ambiente di vita e di lavoro: Possibili effetti sanitari e misura dell'esposizione inalatoria

Giornale Italiano di Medicina del Lavoro ed Ergonomia

Volumn 28, Issue 3, 2006, Pages 258-265

  Marconi, Achille ^a  

^a ISTITUTO SUPERIORE DI SANITÀ   (Italy)

Author keywords

Aerosol; Environment; Exposure; Exposure measurement; Health; Inhalation; Nanoparticles; Nanotechnology; Risk; Ultrafine particles

Indexed keywords

NANOPARTICLE;

AEROSOL; AMBIENT AIR; CONFERENCE PAPER; DIESEL ENGINE; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH; HEALTH HAZARD; HEALTH STATUS; HUMAN; INHALATION; NANOTECHNOLOGY; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH; PARTICLE SIZE; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; WELDING FUME;

HUMANS; INHALATION EXPOSURE; NANOPARTICLES; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; PARTICLE SIZE;

EID: 33846514008     PISSN: 15927830     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (74)

1. Oberdörster G, RM Gelein, J Ferin, B Weiss. Association of particulate air pollution and acute mortality: involvement of ultrafine particles? Inhal Toxicol 1995; 7, 111-124.
2. Nanoscience and nanotechnologies: opportunities and uncertainities. The Royal Society and the Royal Academy of Engineering, 2004 (http://www.nanotec. org.uk/).
3. World Health Organization (WHO) 2004. Health aspects of air pollution results from the WHO project °ßSystematic review of health aspects of air pollution in Europe°®. WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark, WHO 2004.
4. International Standardization Organisation (ISO) (2005). Workplace Atmospheres-Ultrafine, nanoparticle and nano-structured aerosol-Exposure characterization and assessment. Working document ISO/TC 146/SC 2 N 399, 15.12.2005.
5. Zimmer AT. The influence of metallurgy on the formation of welding aerosols. J Environ Monit 2002; 4, 628-632.
6. Kim S, Shen S, Sioutas C, Zhu Y, Hinds W. Size distribution and diurnal and seasonal trends of ultrafine particles in source and receptor sites of the Los Angeles Basin. J Air Waste Manag Assoc 2002; 52, 297-307.
7. Zhu Y, Hinds, WC, Kim, S, Sioutas, C. Concentration and size distribution of ultrafine particles near a major highway. J Air Waste Manag. Assoc 2002; 52(9), 1032-42.
8. Aalto P, P Paatero, M Kulmala, K Hameri, F Forastiere, G Cattani, A Marconi, J Cyrys, S Von Lot, K Zetzsche, A Peters, L Bouso, G Castano-Vinyals, J Sunyer, T Lanki, J Pekkanen, B Sjovall, N Berglund, T Bellander, F Nyberg. Aerosol number concentration measurements in five European cities using TSI-3022 condensation particle counter over three year period during HEAPSS (Health Effects of Air Pollution on Susceptible Subpopulations). J Air Waste Manag Assoc 2005; 55, 1064-1076.
9. Marconi A, Cattani G, Cusano M, Ferdinandi M, Inglessis M, Viviano G, Settimo G, Forastiere F. Two years fine and ultrafine particles measurements in Rome, Italy. In: Stategies for Clean Air and Health, Proceedings of AIRNET Annual Conference/NERAM International Colloquium, November 5-7, 2003. Rome, Italy. Eds. L. Craig, D. Krewski, J. Shortreed, J. Samet, Waterloo, Ontario, 2005: 35-46.
10. Brouwer DH, JH Gijsbers, MW Lurvink. Personal exposure to ultrafine particles in the workplace: exploring sampling techniques and strategies. Ann Occup Hyg 2004; 48 (5), 439-453.
11. Health and Safety Executive (HSE). Nanoparticles: An occupational hygiene review. Research report 274, 2004 (http://www.hse.uk)
12. Maynard AD and ED, Kuempel. Airbone nanostructured particles and occupational health. Journal of Nanoparticle Research 2005; 7, 587-614.
13. Sioutas C, Delfino RJ, Singh M. Exposure assessment for atmospheric ultrafine particles (UFPs) and implications in epidemiologic research. Environ Health Perspect 2006; 113(8), 947-955.
14. National Cancer Institute. Cancer nanotechnology-Going Small for Big Advances. NIH Publication No. 04-5489. January 2004 (http://otir.nci.nih.gov/)
15. NIOSH. Approaches to Safe Nanotechnology. an Information Exchange with NIOSH, CDCP, October 1, 2005.
16. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): External Review Draft Nanotechnology White Paper. EPA 2005. (http://www.epa.org).
17. European Commission. Towards a European Strategy for Nanotechnology COM(2004) 338, EC, Bruxelles, 2004. (http://.cordis.lu/nanotechnology/src/ communication.htm)
18. Borm PJ. Hazards and risks of nanomaterials: a look forward. In: First International Symposium on Occupational Health Implications of Nanomaterials-Nanomaterials: a risk to health at work? 12-14 October 2004, Buxton, UK, 2004.
19. Lee KP, HJ Trochimowicz, CF Reinhardt. Pulmonary response of rats exposed to titanium dioxide (TiO2) by inhalation for two years. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1985: 79, 179-192.
20. Oberdörster G and C Yu. The carcinogenic potential of inhaled diesel exhaust: a particle effect? J Aerosol Sci 1990; 21, S397-S401.
21. Oberdörster G, Ferin J, Lehnert BE. Correlation between particle-size, in-vivo particle persistence, and lung injury. Environ Health Perspect 1994; 102, 173-179.
22. Heinrich U, Fuhst R, Rittinghausen S, Creutzenberg O, Bellman B, Koch W, Levsen K. Chronic inhalation exposure of wistar rats and two different strains of mice to diesel-engine exhaust, carbon black, and titanium dioxide. Inhal Toxicol 1995; 7(4), 533-556.
23. Renwick LC, Brown D, Clouter A, Donaldson K. Increased inflammation and altered macrophage chemotactic response caused by two ultrafine particle type. Occup Environ Med 2004; 61, 442-447.
24. Geiser M, Rothen-Rutishauser B, Kapp N, Schürch S, Kreyling W, Schulz H, Semmler M, Im Hof V, Heyder J, Gehr P. Ultrafine particles cross cellular membranes by nonphagocytic mechanisms in lungs and cultured cells. Environ Health Perspect 2005; 113, 1555-1560.
25. Kreiss K, Mroz MM, Zhen B, Wiedemann H, Barna B. Risks of beryllium disease related to work processes at a metal, alloy, and oxide production plant. Occup Environ Med 1997; 54 (8), 605-612.
26. Gardiner K, van Tongeren M, Harrington M. Respiratory health effects from exposure to carbon black: results of the phase 2 and 3 cross sectional studies in the European carbon black manufacturing industry. Occup Environ Med 2001; 58 (8), 496-503.
27. Antonini JM, Lewis AB, Roberts JR, Whaley DA. Pulmonary effects of welding fumes: review of worker and experimental animal studies. Am J Ind Med 2003; 43, 350-360.
28. Steenland K, Deddens J, Stayner L. Diesel exhaust and lung cancer in the trucking industry: exposure-response analyses and risk asses sment. Am J Ind Med 1998; 34 (3), 220-228.
29. Garshick E, Laden F, Hart JE, Rosner B, Smith TJ, Dockery DW, Speizer FE. Lung cancer in railroad workers exposed to diesel exhaust. Environ Health Perspect 2004; 112 (15), 1539-1543.
30. Kim JY, Chen JC, Boyce PD, Christiani DC. Exposure to welding fumes is associated with acute systemic inflammatory response. Occup Environ Med 2005; 62, 157-163
31. Peters A, Wichmann H R, Tuch T, Heinrich J, Heyder J. Respiratory effects are associated with the number of ultrafine particles. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997; 155, 1376-1383.
32. Wichmann HE, Peters A. Epidemiological evidence of the effects of ultrafine particle exposure. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. London 2000; A358, 2751-2769.
33. Penttinen P, Timonen KL, Tittanen P, Mirme A, Ruuskanen J, Pekkanen J. Ultrafine perticles in urban air and respiratory health among adult asthmatics. Eur Respir J 2001; 17, 428-435.
34. Ibald-Mulli A, Wichmann HE, Kreyling W, Peters A. Epidemiological evidence on health effects of ultrafine particles. J Aerosol Med 2002; 15, 189-201.
35. Pope CA, Burnett RT, Thun MJ, Calle EE, Krewski E, Ito K, Thurston GD. Lung cancer, cardiopulmonary mortality and long term exposure to fine particulate air pollution. JAMA 2002; 287 (9), 1132-1141.
36. Pope CA, Burnett RT, Thurston GD, Thun MJ, Calle EE, Krewski D, Godleski JJ. Cardiovascular mortality and long-term exposure to particulate air pollution epidemiological evidence of general pathophysiological pathways of disease. Circulation 2004; 109 (1), 71-74.
37. Stafoggia M, Picciotto S, Forestiere F, D'Ippoliti D, Cattani G, Marconi A, Perucci C. Inquinamento atmosferico ed eventi coronarici fatali e non fatali a Roma. Epid Prev 2005; 29 (1), 40-47.
38. Lagorio S, Forastiere F, Pistelli R, Iavarone I, Michelozzi P, Fano V, Marconi A, Ziemacki G, Ostro B. Air pollution and lung function among susceptible adult subjects: a panel study. Environ Health: A Global Access Science Source 2006; 5, 11 (http://www.ehjournal.net/content/5/I/II)
39. Sun Q, Wang A, Jin X, Natanzon A, Duquaine D, Brook RD, Aguinaldo JS, Fayad ZA, Fuster V, Lippmann M, Chen LC, Rajagopalan S. Long-term air pollution exposure and acceleration of atherosclerosis and vascular inflammation in animal model. JAMA 2005; 294, 3003-3010.
40. Vineis P, Forastiere F, Hoek G, Lipsett M. Outdoor air pollution and lung cancer recent epidemiologic evidence. Int J Cancer 2004; 111, 647-652.
41. Warheit DB, Laurence BR, Reed KL, Roach DH, Reynolds GA, Webb TR. Comparative pulmonary toxicity assessment of single-wall carbon nanotubes in rats. Toxicol Sci 2004; 77, 117-125.
42. Lam CW, James JT, mcCluskey R, Hunter RL. Pulmonary toxicity of single-wall carbon nanotubes in mice 7 and 90 days after intratracheal instillation. Toxicol Sci 2004; 77, 126-134.
43. Huczko A, Lange H, Calko E, Grubeck-Jaworska H, Droszez P. Physiological testing of carbon nanotubes: Are they asbestos-like? Fullerene Sci Technol 2001; 9 (2), 251-254.
44. Montiero-Riviere NA, Nemanich RJ, Inman AO, Yunyu YW, Riviere JE. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes interactions with human epidermal keratinocytes. Toxicol Lett 2005; 155 (3), 377-384.
45. Donaldson K, Aitken R, Tran L, Stone V, Duffin R, Forrest G, Alexander A. Carbon nanotubes: A review of their properties in relation to pulmonary toxicology and workplace safety. Toxicol Sci 2006; 92 (1), 5-22.
46. Nemmar A, Hoet PH, Vanquickenborne B, Dinsdale D, Thomeer M, Hoylaerts MF, Vanbilloen H, Mortenlmans L, Nemery (2002). Passage of inhaled particles into the blood circulation in humans. Circulation 105, 411-414.
47. Oberdörster G, Sharp Z, Atudorei V, Elder A, Gelein R, Kreyling W, Cox C. Translocation of inhaled ultrafine particles to the brain. Inhal Toxicol 2004; 16 (6-7), 437-445.
48. Oberdörster G, Oberdörster E, Oberdörster J. Nanotoxicology: an emerging discipline evolving from studies of ultrafine particles. Environ Health Perspect 2005; 113 (7), 823-839.
49. Oberdörster E. Manufactured nanomaterials (fullerenes, C60) induce oxidative stress in brain of juvenile largemouth bass. Environ Health Perspect 2004; 112, 1058-1062.
50. Samet JM, DeMarini DM, Malling HV. Do airborne particles induce heritable mutations? Science 2004; 304, 971-972.
51. International Commission on Radiological Protection-ICRP (1994). Human respiratory tract model for radiological protection. Oxford, England: Pergamon, Elsevier Science Ltd, ICRP Publication No. 66.
52. Yeh HC, Cuddihy RG, Phalen RF, Chang IY. Comparison of calculated respiratory-tract deposition of particles based on the proposed NCRP model and the new ICRP 66 model. Aerosol Scie Technol 1996; 25, 134-140.
53. Zhang Z, Kleinstreuer C, Donohue JF, Kim CS. Comparison of micro- and nano-size particle depositions in a human upper airway model. J Aerosol Sc 2005; 36, 211-233.
54. Maynard AD, Baron PA, Foley M, Shvedova AA, Kisin ER, Castranova V. Exposure to carbon nanotube material: Aerosol release during the handling of unrefined single walled carbon nanotube material. J Toxicol Environ Health 2004; 67(1), 87-107.
55. McCawley MA, Kent MS, Berakis MT. Ultrafine beryllium number concentration as a possible metric for chronic beryllium disease risk. Appl Occup Environ Hyg 2001; 16(5), 631-638.
56. Maynard AD, Zimmer AT. Evaluation of grinding aerosols in terms of alveolar dose: The significance of using mass, surface-area and number metrics. Ann Occup Hyg 2002; 46 (Suppl. 1), 320-322.
57. Dasch J, D'Arcy J, Gundrum A, Sutherland J, Johnson J, Carlson D. Characterization of fine particles from machining in automotive plants. J Occup Environ Hyg 2005; 2, 609-625.
58. Peters TM, Heitbrink WA, Evans DE, Slavin TJ, Maynard AD. The mapping of fine and ultrafine particle concentrations in an engine machining and assembly facility. Ann Occup Hyg 2006; 50(3), 249-257.
59. Ramachandran G, Paulsen D, Watts W, Kittelson D. Mass, surface area and number metrics in diesel occupational exposure assessment. J Environ Monit 2006; 7, 728-735.
60. Thomassen Y, Koch W, Dunkhorst W, Ellingsen DG, Skaugset NP, Jordbekken L, Drabløs PA, Weinbruch S. Ultrafine particles at work-places of a primary aluminium smelter. J Environ Monit 2006; 8, 127-133.
61. Möhlmann C. German activity on the ultra-fine particles in the work-places. In: First International Symposium on Occupational Health Implications of Nanomaterials-Nanomaterials: a risk to health at work? 12-14 October 2004, Buxton, UK, 2004, p. 128-130.
62. Vincent JH. Health-related aerosol measurement: a review of existing sampling criteria and proposal for new ones. J Environ Monit 2005; 7, 1037-1053.
63. Maynard AD. Estimating aerosol surface area from number and mass concentration measurements. Ann Occup Hyg 2003; 47 (2), 123-144.
64. Misra C, Singh M, Shen S, Sioutas C, Hall PM. Development and evaluation of a personal cascade impactor sampler (PCIS). J Aerosol Sci 2002; 33 (7), 1027-1048.
65. McMurry PH. A review of atmospheric aerosol measurements. Atmos Environ 2000; 34, 1959-1999.
66. 10 in Bag Filling Areas of Carbon Black Production. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 2004; 1, 660-671.
67. Flagan RC. Electrical techniques. In: Aerosol measurement: primciples, techniques and applications, Baron PA and Willeke K. John Wiley & Sons, New York, 2001. pp. 537-568.
68. Moshammer H, Neuberger M. The active surface of suspended particles as a predictor of lung function and pulmonary sympotms in Austrian school children. Atmos Environ 2003; 37, 1737-1744.
69. Baltensperger U, Gaggeler HW, Jost DT. The Epiphaniometer, e new device for continuous aerosol monitoring. J Aerosol Sci 1988; 19 (7), 931-934.
70. Keller A, Fierz M, Siegmann K, Siegmann HC, Fillippov A. Surface science with nanosized particles in a carrier gas. J Vacuum Sci Technol a Vacuum Surface Films 2001; 19 (1), 1-8.
71. Ku BK and Maynard AD. Comparing aerosol surface-area measurement of monodisperse ultrafine silver agglomerates using mobility analysis, transmission electron microscopy and diffusion charging. J Aerosol Sci 2005. In press. Disponibile on-line (www.elsevier.com).
72. Wilson WE. Use of the electrical aerosol detector as an indicator for the total particle surface area deposited in the lung. In Proceedings of the 2004 Air and Waste Management Association Conference.
73. Rogak SN, Flagan RC, Nguyen HV. The mobility and structure of aerosol agglomerates. Aerosol Sci Technol 1993; 18 (1), 25-47.
74. Marconi A, Fanizza C, Castellet Y Ballarà G. Particelle ultrafini e nanoparticelle negli ambienti di lavoro e nell'atmosfera urbana: tecniche di misura convenzionali ed avanzate. In: 12° Convegno di Igiene Industriale, Le Giornate di Corvara, 27-29 marzo, 2006.