Correlation of proton transverse relaxation rates (R2) with iron concentrations in postmortem brain tissue from Alzheimer's disease patients

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine

Volumn 57, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 172-180

  House, Michael J ^a   St Pierre, Timothy G ^b   Kowdley, Kris V ^b   Montine, Thomas ^b   Connor, James ^c   Beard, John ^d   Berger, Jose ^b   Siddaiah, Narendra ^b   Shankland, Eric ^e   Jin, Lee Way ^f  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

^c PENN STATE MILTON S HERSHEY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^d PENN STATE COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^f UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Alzheimer's disease; Brain iron; MRI; R2; Relaxometry

Indexed keywords

ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; BRAIN; IRON; IRON METALLOGRAPHY; IRON RESEARCH; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES; PREDICTIVE ANALYTICS;

ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE; ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; BRAIN IRON; IRON CONCENTRATIONS; LINEAR RELATIONSHIPS; PREDICTIVE MODELING; PROTON TRANSVERSE RELAXATION; RELAXOMETRY;

TISSUE;

AMYLOID BETA PROTEIN; IRON;

ADULT; AGED; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; ARTICLE; ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY; AUTOPSY; BRAIN CORTEX; BRAIN REGION; BRAIN TISSUE; CASE REPORT; CONCENTRATION (PARAMETERS); CONTROLLED STUDY; CORRELATIONAL STUDY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; FEMALE; GRAY MATTER; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; IN VITRO STUDY; MALE; METHODOLOGY; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SCANNER; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; PATHOLOGY; PROTON TRANSFER RELAXATION RATE; RADIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE; WHITE MATTER;

EID: 33846043512     PISSN: 07403194     EISSN: 15222594     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/mrm.21118     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Loeffler DA, Connor JR, Juneau PL, Snyder BS, Kanaley L, DeMaggio AJ, Nguyen H, Brickman CM, LeWitt PA. Transferrin and iron in normal, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease brain regions. J Neurochem 1995;65:710-716.
2. Beard JL, Connor JR, Jones BC. Iron in the brain. Nutr Rev 1993;51:157-170.
3. Hallgren B, Sourander P. The effect of age on the non-haemin iron in the human body. J Neurochem 1958;3:41-51.
4. Vymazal J, Urgosik D, Bulte JWM. Differentiation between hemosiderin- and ferritin-bound brain iron using nuclear magnetic resonance and magnetic resonance imaging. Cell Mol Biol 2000;46:835-842.
5. 2 relaxation in blood, brain and ferritin. J Magn Reson Imaging 1995;4:446-450.
6. Vymazal J, Brooks RA, Baumgarner C, Tran V, Katz D, Bulte JWM, Bauminger ER, DiChiro G. The relation between brain iron and NMR relaxation times: an in vitro study. Magn Reson Med 1996;35:56-61.
7. Connor JR, Snyder BS, Beard JL, Fine RE, Mufson EJ. Regional distribution of iron and iron-regulatory proteins in the brain in aging and Alzheimer's disease. J Neurosci Res 1992;31:327-335.
8. Cornett CR, Markesbery WR, Ehmann WD. Imbalances of trace elements related to oxidative damage in Alzheimer's disease brain. Neurotoxicology 1998;19:339-346.
9. Dedman DJ, Treffry A, Candy JM, Taylor GA, Morris CM, Bloxham CA, Perry RH, Edwardson JA, Harrison PM. Iron and aluminium in relation to brain ferritin in normal individuals and Alzheimer's-disease and chronic renal-dialysis patients. Biochem J 1992;287(Pt 2):509-514.
10. Ehmann WD, Markesbery WR, Alauddin M, Hossain TI, Brubaker EH. Brain trace elements in Alzheimer's disease. Neurotoxicology 1986;7:195-206.
11. Mantyh PW, Ghilardi JR, Rogers S, DeMaster E, Allen CJ, Stimson ER, Maggio JE. Aluminum, iron, and zinc ions promote aggregation of physiological concentrations of beta-amyloid peptide. J Neurochem 1993;61:1171-1174.
12. Connor JR, Menzies SL, St. Martin SM, Mufson EJ. A histochemical study of iron, transferrin and ferritin in Alzheimer's diseased brains. J Neurosci Res 1992;31:75-83.
13. Smith MA, Harris PL, Sayre LM, Perry G. Iron accumulation in Alzheimer disease is a source of redox-generated free radicals. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:9866-9868.
14. Lovell MA, Robertson JD, Teesdale WJ, Campbell JL, Markesbery WR. Copper, iron and zinc in Alzheimer's disease senile plaques. J Neurol Sci 1998;158:47-52.
15. Curtis AR, Fey C, Morris CM, Bindoff LA, Ince PG, Chinnery PF, Coulthard A, Jackson MJ, Jackson AP, McHale DP, Hay D, Barker WA, Markham AF, Bates D, Curtis A, Burn J. Mutation in the gene encoding ferritin light polypeptide causes dominant adult-onset basal ganglia disease. Nat Genet 2001;28:350-354.
16. Robson KJ, Lehmann DJ, Wimhurst VL, Livesey KJ, Combrinck M, Merryweather-Clarke AT, Warden DR, Smith AD. Synergy between the C2 allele of transferrin and the C282Y allele of the haemochromatosis gene (HFE) as risk factors for developing Alzheimer's disease. J Med Genet 2004;41:261-265.
17. Perry G, Taddeo MA, Petersen RB, Castellani RJ, Harris PL, Siedlak SL, Cash AD, Liu Q, Nunomura A, Atwood CS, Smith MA. Adventiously-bound redox active iron and copper are at the center of oxidative damage in Alzheimer disease. Biometals 2003;16:77-81.
18. Vymazal J, Zak O, Bulte JWM, Aisen P, Brooks RA. T-1 and T-2 of ferritin solutions: effect of loading factor. Magn Reson Med 1996;36:61-65.
19. St. Pierre TG, Clark PR, Chua-Anusorn W. Single spin-echo proton transverse relaxometry of iron-loaded liver. NMR Biomed 2004;17:446-458.
20. Jack Jr CR, Wengenack TM, Reyes DA, Garwood M, Curran GL, Borowski BJ, Lin J, Preboske GM, Holasek SS, Adriany G, Poduslo JF. In vivo magnetic resonance microimaging of individual amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's transgenic mice. J Neurosci 2005;25:10041-10048.
21. St. Pierre TG, Clark PR, Chua-Anusorn W, Fleming AJ, Jeffrey GP, Olynyk JK, Pootrakul P, Robins E, Lindeman R. Noninvasive measurement and imaging of liver iron concentrations using proton magnetic resonance. Blood 2005;105:855-861.
22. Hikita T, Abe K, Sakoda S, Tanaka H, Murase K, Fujita N. Determination of transverse relaxation rate for estimating iron deposits in central nervous system. Neurosci Res 2005;51:67-71.
23. Hardy PA, Gash D, Yokel R, Andersen A, Ai Y, Zhang Z. Correlation of R2 with total iron concentration in the brains of rhesus monkeys. J Magn Reson Imaging 2005;21:118-127.
24. Chen JC, Hardy PA, Clauberg M, Joshi JG, Parravano J, Deck JH, Henkelman RM, Becker LE, Kucharczyk W. T2 values in the human brain: comparison with quantitative assays of iron and ferritin. Radiology 1989;173:521-526.
25. Bartzokis G, Sultzer D, Mintz J, Holt LE, Marx P, Phelan CK, Marder SR. In-vivo evaluation of brain iron in Alzheimers-disease and normal subjects using MRI. Biol Psychiatry 1994;35:480-487.
26. Bartzokis G, Tishler TA. MRI evaluation of basal ganglia ferritin iron and neurotoxicity in Alzheimer's and Huntington's disease. Cell Mol Biol 2000;46:821-833.
27. Chen JC, Hardy PA, Kucharczyk W, Clauberg M, Joshi JG, Vourlas A, Dhar M, Henkelman RM. MR of human postmortem brain tissue: correlative study between T2 and assays of iron and ferritin in Parkinson and Huntington disease. Am J Radiol 1993;14:275-281.
28. Gelman N, Gorell JM, Barker PB, Savage RM, Spickler EM, Windham JP, Knight RA. MR imaging of human brain at 3.0 T: Preliminary report on transverse relaxation rates and relation to estimated iron content. Radiology 1999;210:759-767.
29. Haacke EM, Cheng NYC, House MJ, Liu Q, Neelavalli J, Ogg RJ, Khan A, Ayaz M, Kirsch W, Obenaus A. Imaging iron stores in the brain using magnetic resonance imaging. Magn Reson Imaging 2005;23:1-25.
30. House MJ, St. Pierre TG, Foster JK, Martins RN, Clarnette R. Quantitative MR Imaging R2 relaxometry in elderly participants reporting memory loss. Am J Neuroradiol 2006;27:430-439.
31. Besson JA, Best PV, Skinner ER. Post-mortem proton magnetic resonance spectrometric measures of brain regions in patients with a pathological diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and multi-infarct dementia. Br J Psychiatry 1992;160:187-190.
32. Griffiths PD, Crossman AR. Distribution of iron in the basal ganglia and neocortex in postmortem tissue in Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. Dementia 1993;4:61-65.
33. Bland JM, Altman DG. Comparing methods of measurement: why plotting difference against standard method is misleading. Lancet 1995;346:1085-1087.
34. Connor JR, Snyder BS, Arosio P, Loeffler DA, LeWitt P. A quantitative analysis of isoferritins in select regions of the aged, Parkinsonian, and Alzheimer's diseased brains. J Neurochem 1995;65:717-724.
35. Fleming JJ, Joshi JG. Ferritin: isolation of aluminum-ferritin complex from brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1987;84:7866-7870.
36. Quintana CC, Bellefqih SS, Laval JJY, Guerquin-Kern JJL, Wu TTD, Avila JJ, Ferrer II, Arranz RR, Patiño CC. Study of the localization of iron, ferritin, and hemosiderin in Alzheimer's disease hippocampus by analytical microscopy at the subcellular level. J Struct Biol 2006;153:42-54.
37. Dobson J. Magnetic iron compounds in neurological disorders. Ann NY Acad Sci 2004;1012:183-192.
38. Price JL, Davis PB, Morris JC, White DL. The distribution of tangles, plaques and related immunohistochemical markers in healthy aging and Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 1991;12:295-312.
39. Stewart GR, Olney JW, Schmidt RE, Wozniak DF. Mineralization of the globus pallidus following excitotoxic lesions of the basal forebrain. Brain Res 1995;695:81-87.
40. Kamman RL, Go KG, Brouwer W, Berendsen HJ. Nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation in experimental brain edema: effects of water concentration, protein concentration, and temperature. Magn Reson Med 1988;6:265-274.