FA2H-dependent fatty acid 2-hydroxylation in postnatal mouse brain

Journal of Lipid Research

Volumn 47, Issue 12, 2006, Pages 2772-2780

  Alderson, Nathan L ^a   Maldonado, Eduardo N ^a   Kern, Michael J ^a   Bhat, Narayan R ^a   Hama, Hiroko ^a  

^a MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA   (United States)

Author keywords

Fatty acid hydroxylase; Fatty acid 2 hydroxylase; Galactolipids; Galactosylceramide; Hydroxy fatty acids; Myelin; Sulfatide

Indexed keywords

2 HYDROXY GALACTOLIPID; ENZYME ANTIBODY; FATTY ACID; FATTY ACID 2 HYDROXYLASE; FATTY ACID 2 HYDROXYLASE ANTIBODY; GALACTOLIPID; HYDROXY FATTY ACID; MEMBRANE LIPID; MYELIN;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; BRAIN; CONTROLLED STUDY; GENE EXPRESSION; HYDROXYLATION; IN VIVO STUDY; MOUSE; MYELINATION; NONHUMAN; PERINATAL PERIOD; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; ANIMALS; ANIMALS, NEWBORN; BASE SEQUENCE; BRAIN; CELLS, CULTURED; DNA PRIMERS; FATTY ACIDS; GALACTOLIPIDS; HUMANS; HYDROXYLATION; MICE; MICE, INBRED C57BL; MIXED FUNCTION OXYGENASES; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; RNA, MESSENGER;

EID: 33845574586     PISSN: 00222275     EISSN: 15397262     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1194/jlr.M600362-JLR200     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Norton, W. T., and W. Cammer. 1984. Isolation and characterization of myelin. In Myelin. P. Morell, editor. Plenum, New York. 147-195.
2. Hoshi, M., M. Williams, and Y. Kishimoto. 1973. Characterization of brain cerebrosides at early stages of development in the rat. J. Neurochem. 21: 709-712.
3. Kishimoto, Y., and N. S. Radin. 1959. Isolation and determination methods for brain cerebrosides, hydroxy fatty acids, and unsaturated and saturated fatty acids. J. Lipid Res. 1: 72-78.
4. Morell, P., and N. S. Radin. 1969. Synthesis of cerebroside by brain from uridine diphosphate galactose and ceramide containing hydroxy fatty acid. Biochemistry. 8: 506-512.
5. Bosio, A., E. Binczek, and W. Stoffel. 1996. Functional breakdown of the lipid bilayer of the myelin membrane in central and peripheral nervous system by disrupted galactocerebroside synthesis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 93: 13280-13285.
6. Coetzee, T., N. Fujita, J. Dupree, R. Shi, A. Blight, K. Suzuki, K. Suzuki, and B. Popko. 1996. Myelination in the absence of galactocerebroside and sulfatide: normal structure with abnormal function and regional instability. Cell. 86: 209-219.
7. Coetzee, T., K. Suzuki, and B. Popko. 1998. New perspectives on the function of myelin galactolipids. Trends Neurosci. 21: 126-130.
8. Marcus, J., and B. Popko. 2002. Galactolipids are molecular determinants of myelin development and axo-glial organization. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1573: 406-413.
9. Stoffel, W., and A. Bosio. 1997. Myelin glycolipids and their functions. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 7: 654-661.
10. Fewou, S. N., H. Bussow, N. Schaeren-Wiemers, M. T. Vanier, W. B. Macklin, V. Gieselmann, and M. Eckhardt. 2005. Reversal of nonhydroxy: alpha-hydroxy galactosylceramide ratio and unstable myelin in transgenic mice overexpressing UDP-galactose:ceramide galactosyltransferase. J. Neurochem. 94: 469-481.
11. Hoshi, M., and Y. Kishimoto. 1973. Synthesis of cerebronic acid from lignoceric acid by rat brain preparation. Some properties and distribution of the a-hydroxylation system. J. Biol. Chem. 248: 4123-4130.
12. Akanuma, H., and Y. Kishimoto. 1979. Synthesis of ceramides and cerebrosides containing both alpha-hydroxy and nonhydroxy fatty acids from lignoceroyl-CoA by rat brain microsomes. J. Biol. Chem. 254: 1050-1060.
13. Shigematsu, H., Y. Hisanari, and Y. Kishimoto. 1990. Alpha-hydroxylation of lignoceroyl-CoA in rat brain microsomes: involvement of NADPH-cytochrome c reductase and topical distribution. Int. J. Biochem. 22: 1427-1432.
14. Shigematsu, H., and Y. Kishimoto. 1987. Alpha-hydroxylation of lignoceroyl-CoA by a cyanide-sensitive oxygenase in rat brain microsomes. Int. J. Biochem. 19: 41-46.
15. Alderson, N. L., B. M. Rembiesa, M. D. Walla, A. Bielawska, J. Bielawski, and H. Hama. 2004. The human FA2H gene encodes a fatty acid 2-hydroxylase. J. Biol. Chem. 279: 48562-48568.
16. Shanklin, J., and E. B. Cahoon. 1998. Desaturation and related modifications of fatty acids. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 49: 611-641.
17. Eckhardt, M., A. Yaghootfam, S. N. Fewou, I. Zoller, and V. Gieselmann. 2005. A mammalian fatty acid hydroxylase responsible for the formation of alpha-hydroxylated galactosylceramide in myelin. Biochem. J. 388: 245-254.
18. Louis, J. C., E. Magal, D. Muir, M. Manthorpe, and S. Varon. 1992. CG-4, a new bipotential glial cell line from rat brain, is capable of differentiating in vitro into either mature oligodendrocytes or type-2 astrocytes. J. Neurosci. Res. 31: 193-204.
19. Bhat, N. R., and P. Zhang. 1996. Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases in oligodendrocytes. J. Neurochem. 66: 1986-1994.
20. Bhat, N. R., K. F. Hauser, and M. S. Kindy. 1992. Cell proliferation and protooncogene induction in oligodendroglial progenitors. J. Neurosci. Res. 32: 340-349.
21. Bhat, N. R., P. Zhang, J. C. Lee, and E. L. Hogan. 1998. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase and p38 subgroups of mitogen-activated protein kinases regulate inducible nitric oxide synthase and tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene expression in endotoxin-stimulated primary glial cultures. J. Neurosci. 18: 1633-1641.
22. Folch, J., M. Lees, and G. H. Sloane Stanley. 1957. A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues. J. Biol. Chem. 226: 497-509.
23. Alderson, N. L., M. D. Walla, and H. Hama. 2005. A novel method for the measurement of in vitro fatty acid 2-hydroxylase activity by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J. Lipid Res. 46: 1569-1575.
24. Winer, J., C. K. Jung, I. Shackel, and P. M. Williams. 1999. Development and validation of real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction for monitoring gene expression in cardiac myocytes in vitro. Anal. Biochem. 270: 41-49.
25. Gatt, S. 1963. Enzymic hydrolysis and synthesis of ceramides. J. Biol. Chem. 238: 3131-3133.
26. Kishimoto, Y., H. Akanuma, and I. Singh. 1979. Fatty acid alpha-hydroxylation and its relation to myelination. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 28: 93-105.
27. Kaya, K., C. S. Ramesha, and G. A. Thompson, Jr. 1984. On the formation of alpha-hydroxy fatty acids. Evidence for a direct hydroxylation of nonhydroxy fatty acid-containing sphingolipids. J. Biol. Chem. 259: 3548-3553.
28. Dickson, R. C., G. B. Wells, A. Schmidt, and R. L. Lester. 1990. Isolation of mutant Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains that survive without sphingolipids. Mol. Cell. Biol. 10: 2176-2181.
29. Lester, R. L., and R. C. Dickson. 1993. Sphingolipids with inositolphosphate-containing head groups. Adv. Lipid Res. 26: 253-274.
30. Morell, P., and N. S. Radin. 1970. Specificity in ceramide biosynthesis from long chain bases and various fatty acyl coenzyme A's by brain microsomes. J. Biol. Chem. 245: 342-350.
31. Matsunaga, I., T. Sumimoto, A. Ueda, E. Kusunose, and K. Ichihara. 2000. Fatty acid-specific, regiospecific, and stereospecific hydroxylation by cytochrome P450 (CYP152B1) from Sphingomonas paucimobilis: substrate structure required for alpha-hydroxylation. Lipids. 35: 365-371.
32. Matsunaga, I., A. Ueda, N. Fujiwara, T. Sumimoto, and K. Ichihara. 1999. Characterization of the ybdt gene product of Bacillus subtilis: novel fatty acid beta-hydroxylating cytochrome P450. Lipids. 34: 841-846.
33. 2+ in addition to its known hydroxylation cofactors. J. Lipid Res. 41: 629-636.
34. Schaeren-Wiemers, N., P. van der Bijl, and M. E. Schwab. 1995. The UDP-galactose:ceramide galactosyltransferase: expression pattern in oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells during myelination and substrate preference for hydroxyceramide. J. Neurochem. 65: 2267-2278.
35. van der Bijl, P., G. J. Strous, M. Lopes-Cardozo, J. Thomas-Oates, and G. van Meer. 1996. Synthesis of non-hydroxy-galactosylceramides and galactosyldiglycerides by hydroxy-ceramide galactosyltransferase. Biochem. J. 317: 589-597.
36. Dunn, T. M., D. Haak, E. Monaghan, and T. J. Beeler. 1998. Synthesis of monohydroxylated inositolphosphorylceramide (IPCC) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae requires Scs7p, a protein with both a cytochrome b5-like domain and a hydroxylase/desaturase domain. Yeast. 14: 311-321.
37. 5 fusion protein, and its Arabidopsis thaliana homolog that lacks the cytochrome b5 domain both function in the alpha-hydroxylation of sphingolipid-associated very long chain fatty acids. J. Biol. Chem. 272: 28281-28288.
38. Futerman, A. H., and H. Riezman. 2005. The ins and outs of sphingolipid synthesis. Trends Cell Biol. 15: 312-318.
39. Hanada, K., K. Kumagai, S. Yasuda, Y. Miura, M. Kawano, M. Fukasawa, and M. Nishijima. 2003. Molecular machinery for nonvesicular trafficking of ceramide. Nature. 426: 803-809.
40. Sprong, H., B. Kruithof, R. Leijendekker, J. W. Slot, G. van Meer, and P. van der Sluijs. 1998. UDP-galactose:ceramide galactosyltransferase is a class I integral membrane protein of the endoplasmic reticulum. J. Biol. Chem. 273: 25880-25888.
41. Contreras, F. X., G. Basanez, A. Alonso, A. Herrmann, and F. M. Goni. 2005. Asymmetric addition of ceramides but not dihydroceramides promotes transbilayer (flip-flop) lipid motion in membranes. Biophys. J. 88: 348-359.
42. Venkataraman, K., and A. H. Futerman. 2000. Ceramide as a second messenger: sticky solutions to sticky problems. Trends Cell Biol. 10: 408-412.
43. van Meer, G., and J. C. Holthuis. 2000. Sphingolipid transport in eukaryotic cells. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1486: 145-170.
44. Jakobsson, A., R. Westerberg, and A. Jacobsson. 2006. Fatty acid elongases in mammals: their regulation and roles in metabolism. Prog. Lipid Res. 45: 237-249.