Event-related brain potential correlates of emotional face processing

Neuropsychologia

Volumn 45, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 15-31

  Eimer, Martin ^a   Holmes, Amanda ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ROEHAMPTON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Cognitive affective neuroscience; Emotion; Emotional facial expression; Event related brain potentials; Face processing

Indexed keywords

AMYGDALOID NUCLEUS; ANALYTIC METHOD; ARTICLE; ATTENTION; BEHAVIOR CONTROL; BRAIN CORTEX; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; EMOTION; EVENT RELATED POTENTIAL; FACE; FACIAL EXPRESSION; FEAR; HUMAN; NEOCORTEX; NERVE; SPATIAL FREQUENCY DISCRIMINATION;

BRAIN; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY; EMOTIONS; EVOKED POTENTIALS; FACIAL EXPRESSION; HUMANS; MAGNETOENCEPHALOGRAPHY; SOCIAL PERCEPTION;

EID: 33751412328     PISSN: 00283932     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.04.022     Document Type: Article

References (100)

1. Adolphs R. Neural systems for recognizing emotion. Current Opinion in Neurobiology 12 (2002) 169-178
2. Adolphs R. Cognitive neuroscience of human social behaviour. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 4 (2003) 165-178
3. Adolphs R., Tranel D., and Damasio A.R. Dissociable neural systems for recognizing emotions. Brain and Cognition 52 (2003) 61-69
4. Allison T., Puce A., and McCarthy G. Social perception from visual cues: Role of the STS region. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 4 (2000) 267-278
5. Allison T., Puce A., Spencer D.D., and McCarthy G. Electrophysiological studies of human face perception. I. Potentials generated in occipitotemporal cortex by face and non-face stimuli. Cerebral Cortex 9 (1999) 415-430
6. Amaral D.G., and Price J.L. Amygdalo-cortical projections in the monkey (Macaca fasicularis). Journal of Comparative Neurology 230 (1984) 465-496
7. Anderson A.K., Christoff K., Panitz D., De Rosa E., and Gabrieli J.D. Neural correlates of the automatic processing of threat signals. Journal of Neuroscience 23 (2003) 5627-5633
8. Ashley V., Vuilleumier P., and Swick D. Time course and specificity of event-related potentials to emotional expressions. Neuroreport 15 (2003) 211-216
9. Batty M., and Taylor M.J. Early processing of the six basic facial emotional expressions. Cognitive Brain Research 17 (2003) 613-620
10. Bentin S., Allison T., Puce A., Perez E., and McCarthy G. Electrophysiological studies of face perception in humans. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 8 (1996) 551-565
11. Berson D.M. Retinal and cortical inputs to cat superior colliculus: Composition, convergence and laminar specificity. Progressive Brain Research 75 (1988) 17-26
12. Bishop S.J., Duncan J., and Lawrence A.J. State anxiety modulation of the amygdala response to unattended threat-related stimuli. Journal of Neuroscience 24 (2004) 10364-10368
13. Blair R.J.R., Morris J.S., Frith C.D., Perrett D.I., and Dolan R.J. Dissociable neural responses to facial expressions of sadness and anger. Brain 122 (1999) 883-893
14. Breiter H.C., Etcoff N.L., Whalen P.J., Kennedy W.A., Rauch S.L., Buckner R.L., et al. Response and habituation of the human amygdala during visual processing of facial expression. Neuron 17 (1996) 875-887
15. Breitmeyer B.G. Parallel processing in human vision: History, review, and critique. In: Brannan J.R. (Ed). Applications of parallel processing of vision (1992), North-Holland, Amsterdam 37-86
16. Bruce V., and Young A. Understanding face recognition. British Journal of Psychology 77 (1986) 305-327
17. Bush G., Luu P., and Posner M.I. Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 4 (2000) 215-222
18. Calder A.J., Keane J., Manes F., Antoun N., and Young A.W. Impaired recognition and experience of disgust following brain injury. Nature Neuroscience 3 (2000) 1077-1078
19. Calder A.J., Lawrence A.D., and Young A.W. Neuropsychology of fear and loathing. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 2 (2001) 352-363
20. Carretie L., Hinojosa J.A., and Mercado F. Cerebral patterns of attentional habituation to emotional visual stimuli. Psychophysiology 40 (2003) 381-388
21. Cuthbert B.N., Schupp H.T., Bradley M.M., Birbaumer N., and Lang P.J. Brain potentials in affective picture processing: Covariation with autonomic arousal and affective report. Biological Psychology 52 (2000) 95-111
22. Damasio A.R. The feeling of what happens: Body and emotion in the making of consciousness (1999), Harcourt Brace, New York
23. Davidson R.J. Anxiety and affective style: Role of prefrontal cortex and amygdala. Biological Psychiatry 51 (2002) 68-80
24. de Gelder B., Teunisse J.-P., and Benson P. Categorical perception of facial expressions: Categories and their internal structure. Cognition and Emotion 11 (1997) 1-23
25. Diedrich O., Naumann E., Maier S., and Becker G. A frontal slow wave in the ERP associated with emotional slides. Journal of Psychophysiology 11 (1997) 71-84
26. Dolan R.J. Emotion, cognition, and behavior. Science 298 (2002) 1191-1194
27. Eastwood J.D., Smilek D., and Merikle P.M. Differential attentional guidance by unattended faces expressing positive and negative emotion. Perception and Psychophysics 63 (2001) 1004-1013
28. Eimer M. Does the face-specific N170 component reflect the activity of a specialized eye detector?. Neuroreport 9 (1998) 2945-2948
29. Eimer M. The face-specific N170 component reflects late stages in the structural encoding of faces. Neuroreport 11 (2000) 2319-2324
30. Eimer M., and Holmes A. An ERP study on the time course of emotional face processing. Neuroreport 13 (2002) 427-431
31. Eimer M., Holmes A., and McGlone F. The role of spatial attention in the processing of facial expression: An ERP study of rapid brain responses to six basic emotions. Cognitive, Affective, and Behavioral Neuroscience 3 (2003) 97-110
32. Ekman P., and Friesen W.V. Pictures of facial affect (1976), Consulting Psychologists Press, Palo Alto, CA
33. Etcoff N.L. Selective attention to facial identity and facial emotion. Neuropsychologia 22 (1984) 281-295
34. Fox E. Processing emotional facial expressions: The role of anxiety and awareness. Cognitive, Affective, and Behavioral Neuroscience 2 (2002) 52-63
35. Fox E., Lester V., Russo R., Bowles R.J., Pichler A., and Dutton K. Facial expressions of emotion: Are angry faces detected more efficiently?. Cognition and Emotion 14 (2000) 61-92
36. Freedman M., Black S., Ebert P., and Binns M. Orbitofrontal function, object alternation and perseveration. Cerebral Cortex 8 (1998) 18-27
37. Gobbini M.I., and Haxby J.V. Neural systems for recognition of familiar faces. Neuropsychologia (2006) (this issue)
38. Graham R., Devinsky O., and LaBar K.S. Quantifying deficits in the perception of fear and anger in morphed facial expressions after bilateral amygdala damage. Neuropsychologia (2006) (this issue)
39. Hansen C.H., and Hansen R.D. Finding the face in the crowd: An anger superiority effect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 54 (1988) 917-924
40. Harmer C.J., Thilo K.V., Rothwell J.C., and Goodwin G.M. Transcranial magnetic stimulation of medial-frontal cortex impairs the processing of angry facial expressions. Nature Neuroscience 4 (2001) 17-18
41. Haxby J.V., Hoffman E.A., and Gobbini I.M. The distributed human neural system for face perception. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 4 (2000) 223-233
42. Hoffman E.A., and Haxby J.V. Distinct representations of eye gaze and identity in the distributed human neural system for face perception. Nature Neuroscience 3 (2000) 80-84
43. Holmes A., Green S., and Vuilleumier P. The involvement of distinct visual channels in rapid attention towards fearful facial expressions. Cognition and Emotion 19 (2005) 899-922
44. Holmes A., Kiss M., and Eimer M. Attention modulates the processing of emotional expression triggered by foveal faces. Neuroscience Letters 394 (2006) 48-52
45. Holmes A., Richards A., and Green S. Anxiety and sensitivity to eye gaze in emotional faces. Brain and Cognition 60 (2006) 282-294
46. Holmes A., Vuilleumier P., and Eimer M. The processing of emotional facial expression is gated by spatial attention: Evidence from event-related brain potentials. Cognitive Brain Research 16 (2003) 174-184
47. Holmes A., Winston J., and Eimer M. The role of spatial frequency information for ERP components sensitive to faces and emotional facial expression. Cognitive Brain Research 25 (2005) 508-520
48. Hornak J., Rolls E.T., and Wade D. Face and voice expression identification in patients with emotional and behavioural changes following ventral frontal lobe damage. Neuropsychologia 34 (1996) 247-261
49. Hutchison W.D., Davis K.D., Lozano A.M., Tasker R.R., and Dostrovsky J.O. Pain-related neurons in the human cingulate cortex. Nature Neuroscience 2 (1999) 403-405
50. Itier R.J., and Taylor M.J. Source analysis of the N170 to faces and objects. Neuroreport 15 (2004) 1261-1265
51. Kawasaki H., Kaufman O., Damasio H., Damasio A.R., Granner M., Bakken H., et al. Single-neuron responses to emotional visual stimuli recorded in human ventral prefrontal cortex. Nature Neuroscience 4 (2001) 15-16
52. Keil A., Bradley M.M., Hauk O., Rockstroh B., Elbert T., and Lang P.J. Large-scale neural correlates of affective picture processing. Psychophysiology 39 (2002) 641-649
53. Krolak-Salmon P., Henaff M.A., Vighetto A., Betrand O., and Maugiere P. Early amygdala reaction to fear spreading in occipital, temporal, and frontal cortex: A depth electrode ERP study in human. Neuron 42 (2004) 665-676
54. Lane R.D., Chua P.M., and Dolan R.J. Common effects of emotional valence, arousal and attention on neural activation during visual processing of pictures. Neuropsychologia 37 (1999) 989-997
55. Lane R.D., Reiman E.M., Axelrod B., Holmes A., and Schwartz G.E. Neural correlates of levels of emotional awareness: Evidence of an interaction between emotion and attention in anterior cingulated cortex. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 10 (1998) 525-535
56. Le Doux J.E. The emotional brain (1996), Simon and Schuster, New York
57. Leventhal A.G., Rodieck R.W., and Dreher B. Central projections of cat retinal ganglion cells. Journal of Comparative Neurology 237 (1985) 216-226
58. Livingstone M.S., and Hubel D.H. Segregation of form, color, movement, and depth: Anatomy, physiology, and perception. Science 240 (1988) 740-749
59. Mogg K., and Bradley B.P. Orienting of attention to threatening facial expressions presented under conditions of restricted awareness. Cognition and Emotion 13 (1999) 713-740
60. Mogg K., McNamara J., Powys M., Rawlinson H., Seiffer A., and Bradley B.P. Selective attention to threat: A test of two cognitive models of anxiety. Cognition and Emotion 14 (2000) 375-399
61. Morris J.S., Friston K.J., Buechel C., Frith C.D., Young A.W., Calder A.J., et al. A neuromodulatory role for the human amygdala in processing emotional facial expressions. Brain 121 (1998) 47-57
62. Morris J.S., Frith C.D., Perrett D.I., Rowland D., Young A.W., Calder A.J., et al. A differential neural response in the human amygdala to fearful and happy facial expressions. Nature 383 (1996) 812-815
63. Morris J.S., Öhman A., and Dolan R.J. A subcortical pathway to the right amygdala mediating "unseen" fear. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 96 (1999) 1680-1685
64. Ochsner K., Bunge S.A., Gross J.J., and Gabrielli J.D.E. Rethinking feelings: An fMRI study of the cognitive regulation of emotion. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 14 (2002) 1215-1229
65. Öhman A., Flykt A., and Esteves F. Emotion drives attention: Detecting the snake in the grass. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 130 (2001) 466-478
66. Öhman A., Lundqvist D., and Esteves F. The face in the crowd revisited: A threat advantage with schematic stimuli. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 80 (2001) 381-396
67. Öhman A., and Mineka S. Fears, phobias, and preparedness: Toward an evolved module of fear and fear learning. Psychological Review 108 (2001) 483-522
68. Palermo R., and Rhodes G. Are you always on my mind? A review of how face perception and attention interact. Neuropsychologia (2006) (this issue)
69. Parry F.M., Young A.W., Saul J.S., and Moss A. Dissociable face processing impairments after brain injury. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology 13 (1991) 545-558
70. Pasley B.N., Mayes L.C., and Schultz R.T. Subcortical discrimination of unperceived objects during binocular rivalry. Neuron 42 (2004) 163-172
71. Paus T., Koski L., Caramanos Z., and Westbury C. Regional differences in the effects of task difficulty and motor output on blood flow response in the human anterior cingulate cortex: A review of 107 PET activation studies. Neuroreport 9 (1998) 37-47
72. Pessoa L., Kastner S., and Ungerleider L.G. Attentional control of the processing of neutral and emotional stimuli. Cognitive Brain Research 15 (2002) 31-45
73. Pessoa L., McKenna M., Gutierrez E., and Ungerleider L.G. Neural processing of emotional faces requires attention. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science USA 99 (2002) 11458-11463
74. Phillips M.L., Young A.W., Senior C., Brammer M., Andrew C., Calder A.J., et al. A specific neural substrate for perceiving facial expressions of disgust. Nature 389 (1997) 495-498
75. Phillips M.L., Young A.W., Scott S.K., Calder A.J., Andrew C., Giampietro V., et al. Neural responses to facial and vocal expressions of fear and disgust. Proceedings of the Royal Society London Series B 265 (1998) 1809-1817
76. Pourtois G., Grandjean D., Sander D., and Vuilleumier P. Electrophysiological correlates of rapid spatial orienting towards fearful faces. Cerebral Cortex 14 (2004) 619-633
77. Pourtois G., Thut G., Grave de Peralta R., Michel C., and Vuilleumier P. Two electrophysiological stages of spatial orienting towards fearful faces: Early temporo-parietal activation preceding gain control in extrastriate visual cortex. NeuroImage 26 (2005) 149-163
78. Posamentier M.T., and Abdi H. Processing faces and facial expressions. Neuropsychology Review 13 (2003) 113-143
79. Posner M.I., and Rothbart M.K. Attention, self regulation and consciousness. Philosophical Transactions Royal Society London Series B 353 (1998) 1915-1927
80. Puce A., Allison T., and McCarthy G. Electrophysiological studies of human face perception. III. Effects of top-down processing on face-specific potentials. Cerebral Cortex 9 (1999) 445-458
81. Puce A., Epling J.A., Thompson J.C., and Carrick O.K. Neural responses elicited to face motion and vocalization pairings. Neuropsychologia (2006) (this issue)
82. Rainville P., Duncan G.H., Price D.D., Carrier B., and Bushnell M.C. Pain affect encoded in human anterior cingulate but not somatosensory cortex. Science 277 (1997) 968-971
83. Rolls E.T. The orbitofrontal cortex. Philosophical Transactions Royal Society London B 351 (1996) 1433-1443
84. Rolls E.T. The brain and emotion (1999), Oxford University Press, Oxford
85. Rolls E.T. The representation of information about faces in the temporal and frontal lobes. Neuropsychologia (2006) (this issue)
86. Rossion B., Caldara R., Seghier M., Schuller A.M., Lazeyras F., and Mayer E. A network of occipito-temporal face-sensitive areas besides the right middle fusiform gyrus is necessary for normal face processing. Brain 126 (2003) 2381-2395
87. Schaefer S.M., Jackson D.C., Davidson R.J., Aguirre G.K., Kimberg D.Y., and Thompson-Schill S.L. Modulation of amygdala activity by the conscious regulation of negative emotion. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 14 (2002) 913-921
88. Schiller P.H., Malpeli J.G., and Schein S.J. Composition of geniculostriate input to superior colliculus of the rhesus monkey. Journal of Neurophysiology 42 (1979) 1124-1133
89. Searcy J.H., and Bartlett J.C. Inversion and processing of component and spatial-relational information in faces. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 22 (1996) 904-915
90. Sprengelmeyer R., Rausch M., Eysel U., and Przuntek H. Neural structures associated with recognition of facial expressions of basic emotions. Proceedings for the Royal Society London Series B 265 (1998) 1927-1931
91. Tranel D., and Damasio A.R. Nonconscious face recognition in patients with face agnosia. Behavioural Brain Research 30 (1988) 235-249
92. Vuilleumier P., Armony J.L., Driver J., and Dolan R.J. Effects of attention and emotion on face processing in the human brain: An event-related fMRI study. Neuron 30 (2001) 829-841
93. Vuilleumier P., Armony J.L., Driver J., and Dolan R.J. Distinct spatial frequency sensitivities for processing faces and emotional expressions. Nature Neuroscience 6 (2003) 624-631
94. Vuilleumier P., and Pourtois G. Distributed and interactive brain mechanisms during emotion face perception: Evidence from functional neuroimaging. Neuropsychologia (2006) 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.06.003
95. Vuilleumier P., and Schwartz S. Emotional expressions capture attention. Neurology 56 (2001) 153-158
96. Vuilleumier P., and Schwartz S. Beware and be aware: Capture of spatial attention by fear-related stimuli in neglect. Neuroreport 12 (2001) 1119-1122
97. Whalen P.J., Shin L.M., McInerney S.C., Fischer H., Wright C.I., and Rauch S.L. A functional MRI study of human amygdala responses to facial expressions of fear versus anger. Emotion 1 (2001) 70-83
98. Williams M.A., Morris A.P., McGlone F., Abbot D.F., and Mattingley J.B. Amygdala responses to fearful and happy facial expressions under conditions of binocular suppression. Journal of Neuroscience 24 (2004) 2898-2904
99. Winston J.S., Vuilleumier P., and Dolan R.J. Effects of low spatial frequency components of fearful faces on fusiform cortex activity. Current Biology 13 (2004) 1824-1829
100. Young A.W., Newcombe F., de Haan E.H., Small M., and Hay D.C. Face perception after brain injury. Selective impairments affecting identity and expression. Brain 116 (1993) 941-959