Your privacy is assured-of being disturbed: Websites with and without privacy seals

New Media and Society

Volumn 8, Issue 6, 2006, Pages 1009-1029

  Larose, Robert ^a   Rifon, Nora ^a  

^a MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Content analysis; Internet; Privacy; Seals

Indexed keywords

EID: 33750703963     PISSN: 14614448     EISSN: 14617315     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/1461444806069652     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Ajzen, I. (1991) 'The Theory of Planned Behavior', Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 50 (2). 179-211.
2. Altman, I., A. Vinsel and B. Brown (1981) 'Dialectic Conceptions in Social Psychology: An Application to Social Penetration and Privacy Regulation', Advances in Experimental Social Psychology 14: 107-160.
3. Anton, A. I. and J. B. Earp (2001) 'A Taxonomy for Web Site Privacy Requirements', NCSU Technical Report TR-2001-14, URL (consulted 21 February 2001). http://www.csc.ncsu.edu/faculty/anton/pubs/antonTSE.pdf
4. Atkin, C. and M. Block (1983) 'Effectiveness of Celebrity Endorsers', Journal of Advertising Research 23 (February/March). 57-61.
5. Bandura, A. (1986) Social Foundations of Thought and Action: A Social Cognitive Theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
6. Chadwick, S. A. (2001) 'Communicating Trust in E-commerce Interactions', Management Communication Quarterly 14 (4). 653-658.
7. Cole, J. I. (2001) 'Surveying the Digital Future: Year Two', UCLA Center for Communication Policy, URL (consulted 29 January 2002). http://www.ccp.ucla. edu/pages/Internet-report-2001.pdf
8. Commission of the European Community (1995) 'Directive 95/46/EC of 24 October 1995 on the Protection of Individuals with Regard to the Processing of Personal Data and on the Free Movement of Such Data', Official Journal of the EC, L281, 30 October 2003, pp. 31-50.
9. Cranor, L. F., J. Reagle and M. S. Ackerman (1999) 'Beyond Concern: Understanding New Users' Attitudes about Online Privacy', AT&T Labs-Research Technical Report TR 99.4.3, URL (consulted 10 December 2000). http://www.research.att.com/resources/trs/TRs/99/99.4.3/report.htm
10. Culnan, M. J. (1999) 'Georgetown Internet Privacy Policy Survey: Report to the Federal Trade Commission', URL (consulted 27 July 1999). http://www.msb.edu/faculty/cuinanm/gippshome.html
11. Culnan, M. J. (2000) 'Protecting Privacy Online: Is Self-Regulation Working?', Journal of Public Policy and Marketing 19 (1). 20-26.
12. Culnan, M. J. and R. J. Bies (2003) 'Consumer Privacy: Balancing Economic and Justice Considerations', Journal of Social Issues 59 (2). 323-343.
13. Derlega, V. J., S. Metts, S. Petronio and S. T. Margulis (1993) Self-Disclosure. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
14. Earp, J. B. and D. Baumer (2003) 'Innovative Web Use to Learn About Consumer Behavior and Online Privacy', Communications of the ACM 46 (4). 81-83.
15. Electronic Frontier Foundation (2001) 'EFF Analysis of the Provisions of the USA Patriot Act', URL (consulted 5 January 2003). http://www.eff.org/ Privacy/Surveillance/Terrorism_militias/20011031_eff_usa_patriot_analysis.html
16. Federal Trade Commission (FTC) (2000) 'Privacy Online: Fair Information Practices in the Electronic Marketplace: A Report to Congress', URL (consulted 25 September 2000). http://www.ftc.gov
17. Foddy, W. H. (1984) 'A Critical Evaluation of Altman's Definition of Privacy as a Dialectical Process', Journal for the Theory of Social Behavior 14 (3). 297-307.
18. Goldman, E. (2003) 'The Internet Privacy Fallacy', Computer and Internet Lawyer 20 (1). 20-20.
19. Goodwin, C. (1991) 'Privacy: Recognition of a Consumer Right', Journal of Public Policy and Marketing 10 (1). 149-166.
20. Han, P. and A. Maclaurin (2002) 'Do Consumers Really Care about Online Privacy?' Marketing Management 11 (1). 35-38.
21. Hoffman, D. L., T. P. Novak and M. Peralta (1999) 'Building Consumer Trust Online', Communications of the ACM 42 (4). 80-85.
22. LaRose, R., N. Rifon and A. Lee (2004) 'Promoting I-Safety: The Effects of Consumer Information and Privacy Seals on Risk Assessment and Online Privacy Behavior', paper presented to the International Communication Association Communication and Technology Division, New Orleans, May.
23. Laufer, R. S. and M. Wolfe (1977) 'Privacy as a Concept and a Social Issue: A Multidimensional Developmental Theory', Journal of Social Issues 33 (3). 22-42.
24. Lee, L. T. and R. LaRose (1994) 'Caller ID and the Meaning of Privacy', The Information Society 10 (4). 247-265.
25. Luo, X. (2002) 'Trust Production and Privacy Concerns on the Internet: A Framework Based on Relationship Marketing and Social Exchange Theory', Industrial Marketing Management 31 (2). 111-118.
26. Lwin, M. O. and J. D. Williams (2003) 'A Model Integrating the Multidimensional Developmental Theory of Privacy and Theory of Planned Behavior to Examine Fabrication of Information Online', Marketing Letters 14 (4). 257-272.
27. Margulis, S. T. (1977) 'Conceptions of Privacy: Current Status and Next Steps', Journal of Social Issues 33 (3). 5-21.
28. Margulis, S. T. (2003) 'Privacy as a Social Issue and Behavioral Concept', Journal of Social Issues 59 (2). 243-262.
29. Marshall, N. J. (1974) 'Dimensions of Privacy Preferences', Multivariate Behavior Research 9 (3). 255-272.
30. Marx, G. T. (2003) 'A Tack in the Shoe: Neutralizing and Resisting the New Surveillance', Journal of Social Issues 59 (2). 369-390.
31. Milne, G. and A. J. Rohm (2000) 'Consumer Privacy and Name Removal across Direct Marketing Channels: Exploring Opt-in and Opt-out Alternatives', Journal of Public Policy and Marketing 19 (2). 238-249.
32. Miyazaki, A. D. and A. Fernandez (2001) 'Consumer Perceptions of Privacy and Security Risks for Online Shopping', Journal of Consumer Affairs 35 (1). 27-44.
33. Miyazaki, A. D. and S. Krishnamurthy (2002) 'Internet Seals of Approval: Effects on Online Privacy Policies and Consumer Perceptions', Journal of Consumer Affairs 36 (1). 28-49.
34. National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) (2002) 'A Nation Online: How Americans Are Expanding Their Use of the Internet', URL (consulted 23 October 2002). http://www.ntia.doc.gov/ntiahome/dn/html/ anationonline2.htm
35. O'Neil, D. (2001) 'Analysis of Internet Users' Level of Online Privacy Concerns', Social Science Computer Review 19 (1). 17-31.
36. Pedersen, D. M. (1997) 'Psychological Functions of Privacy', Journal of Environmental Psychology 17 (2). 147-156.
37. Perfectly Private (2001) 'Privacy Seals Revealed', URL (consulted 5 January 2003). http://www.perfectlyprivate.com/newsresources_seals.asp
38. Petronio, S. (2000) 'The Boundaries of Privacy: Praxis of Everyday Life', in S. Petronio (ed.) Balancing the Secrets of Private Disclosures, pp. 37-49. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
39. Petty, R. E., J. T. Cacioppo and D. Schumann (1983) 'Central and Peripheral Routes to Advertising Effectiveness: The Moderating Role of Involvement', Journal of Consumer Research 10 (September). 135-146.
40. Pew Research Center (2000) 'Trust and Privacy Online: Why Americans Want to Rewrite the Rules', URL (consulted 20 February 2001). http://www.pewInternet. org/reports/toc.asp?Report=19
41. Phelps, J., G. Nowak and E. Ferrell (2000) 'Privacy Concerns and Consumer Willingness to Provide Personal Information', Journal of Public Policy and Marketing 19 (1). 27-41.
42. Privacy Leadership Initiative (2001) 'Privacy Notices Research Final Results', URL (consulted 28 October 2003). http://www.bbbonline.org/ UnderstandingPrivacy/library/datasum.pdf
43. Sheehan, K. B. and M. G. Hoy (1999) 'Flaming, Complaining, Abstaining: How Online Users Respond to Privacy Concerns', Journal of Advertising 28 (3). 37-51.
44. Sheehan, K. B. and M. G. Hoy (2000) 'Dimensions of Privacy Concern among Online Consumers', Journal of Public Policy and Marketing 19 (1). 62-73.
45. TRUSTe (2002) 'Privacy Seal Program', URL (consulted 5 January 2003). http://www.truste.org/programs/pub_how.html
46. Turow, J. (2003) 'Americans and Online Privacy: The System is Broken', Annenberg Public Policy Center, University of Pennsylvania, URL (consulted 19 September 2004). http://www.asc.upenn.edu/usr/jturow/Internet-privacy-report/36- pageturow-version-9.pdf
47. Westin, A. F. (1967) Privacy and Freedom. New York: Atheneum.