In vitro modeling of the HIV-macrophage reservoir

Journal of Leukocyte Biology

Volumn 80, Issue 5, 2006, Pages 1127-1135

  Brown, Amanda ^a   Zhang, Hao ^b   Lopez, Peter ^c   Pardo, Carlos A ^a   Gartner, Suzanne ^a  

^a JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b Dept of Environ Health Sciences   (United States)

^c ROCKEFELLER UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Flow cytometry; GFP; Laser capture; Latency

Indexed keywords

ANTIGEN P24; ENHANCED GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; GENE PRODUCT; NEF PROTEIN; STRUCTURAL PROTEIN;

ARTICLE; CELL CULTURE; CELL SUBPOPULATION; CELL TYPE; CONTROLLED STUDY; FLOW CYTOMETRY; GENE CASSETTE; GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTED PATIENT; IN VITRO STUDY; LASER; LATENT PERIOD; MACROPHAGE; MONOCYTE DERIVED MACROPHAGE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN PURIFICATION; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; REAL TIME POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; VIRUS GENE; VIRUS REACTIVATION; VIRUS REPLICATION;

CELL PROLIFERATION; DNA, VIRAL; GENE EXPRESSION PROFILING; GENES, NEF; GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEINS; HIV INFECTIONS; HIV-1; HUMANS; MACROPHAGES; MODELS, GENETIC; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION;

HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS 1;

EID: 33750486534     PISSN: 07415400     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0206126     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Harrigan, P. R., Whaley, M., Montaner, J. S. C. (1999) Rate of HIV-1 RNA rebound upon stopping antiretroviral therapy. AIDS 13, F59-F62.
2. Chun, T., Carruth, L., Finzi, D., Shen, X., DiGiuseppe, J. A., Taylor, H., Hermankova, M., Chadwick, K., Margolick, J. B., Quinn, T. C., et al. (1997) Quantification of latent tissue reservoirs and total body viral load in HIV-1 infection. Nature 387, 183-188.
3. Perelson, A. S., Neumann, A. U., Markowitz, M., Leonard, J. M., Ho, D. D. (1996) HIV-1 dynamics in vivo: virion clearance rate, infected cell lifespan, and viral generation time. Science 271, 1582-1586.
4. Finzi, D., Blankson, J., Siliciano, J. D., Margolick, J. B., Chadwick, K., Pierson, T., Smith, K., Lisziewiez, J., Lori, F., Flexner, C., et al. (1999) Latent infection of CD4+ T cells provides a mechanism for lifelong persistence of HIV-1, even in patients on effective combination therapy. Nat. Med. 5, 512-517.
5. Blankson, J., Persaud, D., Siliciano, J. D. (2002) The challenge of viral reservoirs in HIV-1 infection. Annu. Rev. Med. 53, 557-593.
6. Aquaro, S., Calio, R., Balzarini, J., Bellocchi, M. C., Garaci, E., Perno, C. F. (2002) Macrophages and HIV infection: therapeutical approaches toward this strategic virus reservoir. Antiviral Res. 55, 209-225.
7. Gordon, S., Taylor, P. R. (2005) Monocyte and macrophage heterogeneity. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 5, 953-964.
8. Sonza, S., Mutime, H. P., Oelrichs, R., Jardine, D., Harvey, K., Dunne, A., Purcell, D. F., Birch, C., Crowe, S. M. (2001) Monocytes harbour replication-competent, non-latent HIV-1 in patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy. AIDS 15, 17-22.
9. Lambotte, O., Taoufik, Y., de Goer, M. G., Wallon, C., Goujard, C., Delfraissy, J. F. (2000) Detection of infectious HIV in circulating monocytes from patients on prolonged highly active antiretroviral therapy. J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. 23, 114-119.
10. Zhu, T., Muthui, D., Holte, S., Nickle, D., Feng, F., Brodie, S., Hwangbo, Y., Mullins, J. I., Corey, L. (2002) Evidence for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication in vivo in CD14+ monocytes and its potential role as a source of virus in patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy. J. Virol. 76, 707-716.
11. Orenstein, J. M., Meltzer, M. S., Phipps, T., Gendelman, H. E. (1988) Cytoplasmic assembly and accumulation of human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 in recombinant human colony-stimulating factor-1-treated human monocytes: a ultrastructural study. J. Virol. 62, 2578-2586.
12. Pelchen-Matthews, A., Kramer, B., Marsh, M. (2003) Infectious HIV-1 assembles in late endosomes in primary macrophages. J. Cell Biol. 162, 443-455.
13. Sharova, N., Swingler, C., Sharkey, M. E., Stevenson, M. (2005) Macrophages archive HIV-1 virions for dissemination in trans. EMBO J. 24, 2481-2489.
14. Brown, A., Gartner, S., Kawano, T., Benoit, N., Cheng-Mayer, C. (2005) HLA-A2 down-regulation on primary human macrophages infected with an M-tropic EGFP-tagged HIV-1 reporter virus. J. Leukoc. Biol. 78, 675-685.
15. Townson, J. R., Barcellos, L. F., Nibbs, R. J. B. (2002) Gene copy number regulates the production of the human chemokine CCL3-L1. Eur. J. Immunol. 32, 3016-3026.
16. Brussel, A., Sonigo, P. (2003) Analysis of early human immunodeficiency virus type 1 DNA synthesis by use of a new sensitive assay for quantifying integrated provirus. J. Virol. 77, 10119-10124.
17. Cohen, G. B., Gandhi, R. T., Davis, D. M., Mandelboim, O., Chen, B. K., Strominger, J. L., Baltimore, D. (1999) The selective downregulation of class I major histocompatibility complex proteins by HIV-1 protects HIV-infected cells from NK cells. Immunity 10, 661-671.
18. Collins, K. L., Chen, B. K., Kalams, S. A., Walker, B. D., Baltimore, D. (1998) HIV-1 Nef protein protects infected primary cells against killing by cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. Nature 391, 397-401.
19. Chaudhry, A., Das, S. R., Hussain, A., Mayor, S., George, A., Bal, V., Jameel, S., Rath, S. (2005) The Nef protein of HIV-1 induces loss of cell surface costimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 in APCs. J. Immunol. 175, 4566-4574.
20. Liou, L.-Y., Herrmann, C. H., Rice, A. P. (2004) Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection induces cyclin T1 expression in macrophages. J. Virol. 78, 8114-8119.
21. Weinberger, L. S., Brunett, J. C., Toettcher, J. E., Arkin, A. P., Schaeffer, D. V. (2005) Stochastic gene expression in a lentiviral positive-feedback loop: HIV-1 tat fluctuations drive phenotypic diversity. Cell 122, 169-182.
22. Winslow, B. J., Pomerantz, R. J., Bagasra, O., Trono, D. (1993) HIV-1 latency due to the site of proviral integration. Virology 196, 849-854.
23. Jordan, A., Defechereux, P., Verdin, E. (2001) The site of HIV-1 integration in the human genome determines basal transcriptional activity and response to Tat transactivation. EMBO J. 20, 1726-1738.
24. Finzi, D., Hermankova, M., Pierson, T., Carruth, L. M., Buck, C., Chaisson, R. E., Quinn, T. C., Chadwick, K., Margolick, J. B., Brookmeyer, R., et al. (1997) Identification of a reservoir for HIV-1 in patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy. Science 278, 1295-1300.
25. Butler, S. L., Johnson, E. P., Bushman, F. D. (2002) Human immunodeficiency virus cDNA metabolism: notable stability of two-long terminal repeat circles. J. Virol. 76, 3739-3747.
26. Pierson, T., Kieffer, T. L., Ruff, C. T., Buck, C., Gange, S. J., Siliciano, R. F. (2002) Intrinsic stability of episomal circles formed during human inmmunodeficiency virus type 1 replication. J. Virol. 76, 4138-4144.
27. Brussel, A., Mathez, D., Broche-Pierre, S., Lancar, R., Calvez, T., Sonigo, P., Leibowitch, J. (2003) Longitudinal monitoring of 2-long teminal repeat circles in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with chronic HIV-1 infection. AIDS 17, 645-652.
28. Pauza, C. D., Galindo, J. (1989) Persistent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection of monoblastoid cells leads to accumulation of self-integrated viral DNA and to production of defective virions. J. Virol. 63, 3700-3707.
29. Gillim-Ross, L., Cara, A., Klotman, M. E. (2005) HIV-1 extrachromosomal 2-LTR circular DNA is long-lived in human macrophages. Viral Immunol. 18, 190-196.
30. Folks, T. M., Jstement, J., Kinter, A., Schnittman, S., Orenstein, J. M., Poli, G., Fauci, A. (1988) Characterization of a promonocyte clone chronically infected with HIV and inducible by 13-phorbol-12-myristate acetate. J. Immunol. 140, 1117-1122.
31. Butera, S. T., Perez, V. L., Wu, B.-Y., Nabel, G. J., Folks, T. M. (1991) Oscillation of the human immunodeficiency virus surface receptor is regulated by the state of viral activation in CD4+ model of chronic infection. J. Virol. 65, 4645-4653.
32. Folks, T. M., Clouse, K. A., Justement, J., Rabson, A., E. D., Kehrl, J. H., Fauci, A. S. (1989) Tumor necrosis factor alpha induces expression of human immunodeficiency virus in a chronically infected T-cell clone. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 86, 2365-2368.
33. Cannon, P., Kim, S. H., Ulich, C., Kim, S. (1994) Analysis of Tat function in human immunodeficiency virus type-infected low-level-expression cell lines U1 and ACH-2. J. Virol. 68, 1993-1997.
34. Emiliani, S., Van Lint, C., Fischle, W., Paras, J., P. Ott, M., Brady, J., Verdin, E. (1996) A point mutation in the HIV-1 Tat responsive element is associated with postintegration latency. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 88, 4045-4049.
35. Emiliani, S., Fischle, W., Ott, M., Van Lint, C., Amella, A., Verdin, E. (1998) Mutations in the tat gene are responsible for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 postintegration latency in the U1 cell line. J. Virol. 72, 1666-1670.
36. Griffin, G. E., Leung, K., Folks, T. M., Kunkel, S., Nabel, G. J. (1989) Activation of HIV gene expression during monocyte differentiation by induction of NF-κB. Nature 339, 70-73.
37. Novak, R. M., Holzer, T. J., Kennedy, M. M., Heynen, C. A., Dawson, G. (1990) The effect of interleukin 4 (BSF-1) on infection of peripheral blood monocyte-derived macrophages with HIV-1. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 6, 973-976.
38. Kornbluth, R. S., Oh, P. S., Munis, J. R., Cleveland, P. H., Richman, D. D. (1989) Interferons and bacterial lipopolysaccaride protect macrophages from productive infection by human immunodeficiency virus in vitro. J. Exp. Med. 169, 1137-1151.
39. Kazazi, F., Mathijs, J. M., Chang, J., Malafiej, P., Lopez, A., Dowton, D., Sorrell, T. C., Vadas, M. A., Cunningham, A. L. (1992) Recombinant interleukin 4 stimulates human immunodeficiency virus production by infected monocytes and macrophages. J. Gen. Virol. 73, 941-949.
40. Koenig, S., Gendelman, J. M., Orenstein, J. M., Dal Canto, M., Pezeshkpour, G. H., Yungbluth, M., Janotta, F., Akasamit, A., Martin, M. A., Fauci, A. S. (1986) Detection of AIDS virus in macrophages in brain tissue from AIDS patients with encephalopathy. Science 233, 1089-1093.
41. Willey, R. L., Maldarelli, F., Martin, M. A., Strebel, K. (1992) Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpu protein induces rapid degradation of CD4. J. Virol. 66, 7193-7200.
42. Williams, K., Corey, S., Westmoreland, S. V., Pauley, D. R., Knight, H. L., deBakker, C., Alvarez, X., Lackner, A. A. (2001) Perivascular macrophages are the primary cell type productively infected by simian immunodeficiency virus in the brains of macaques: implications for the neuropathogenesis of AIDS. J. Exp. Med. 193, 905-915.
43. Lassmann, H., Schmied, M., Vass, K., Hickey, W. F. (1993) Bone marrow derived elements and resident microglia in brain inflammation. Glia 7, 19-24.
44. Hickey, W. F., Kimura, H. (1988) Perivascular microglial cells of the CNS are bone marrow-derived and present antigen. Science 239, 290-292.
45. Hickey, W. F., Vass, K., Lassmann, H. (1992) Bone marrow derived elements in the central nervous system: an immunohistochemical and ultrastructural survey of rat chimeras. J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. 51, 246-256.
46. Igarashi, T., Brown, C. R., Endo, A., Buckler-White, A., Plishka, R., Bischogberger, N., Hirsch, V., Martin, M. A. (2001) Macrophages are the principal reservoir and sustain high virus loads in rhesus macaques after the depletion of CD4+ T cells by a highly pathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus/HIV type 1 chimera (SHIV): implications for HIV-1 infections of humans. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98, 658-663.