메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 68, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 271-297

Can human-induced land degradation be distinguished from the effects of rainfall variability? A case study in South Africa

Author keywords

AVHRR; Communal lands; Monitoring; NDVI; NPP; Rain use efficiency; South Africa

Indexed keywords

DATA SET; ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECT; LAND DEGRADATION; PRECIPITATION INTENSITY; VEGETATION;

EID: 33750018333     PISSN: 01401963     EISSN: 1095922X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2006.05.015     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (540)

References (104)
  • 2
    • 33750003605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adger, W.N., Benjaminsen, T.A., Brown, K., Svarstad, H. (Eds.), 2000. Advancing a Political Ecology of Global Environmental Discourse. Centre of Social and Economic Research on the Global Environment, University of East Anglia, London.
  • 3
    • 22244465273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of Sahelian vegetation dynamics using NOAA-AVHRR NDVI data from 1981 to 2003
    • Anyamba A., and Tucker C.J. Analysis of Sahelian vegetation dynamics using NOAA-AVHRR NDVI data from 1981 to 2003. Journal of Arid Environments 63 (2005) 596-614
    • (2005) Journal of Arid Environments , vol.63 , pp. 596-614
    • Anyamba, A.1    Tucker, C.J.2
  • 4
    • 0036865494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From El Niño to La Niña: Vegetation response pattern over East and Southern Africa during the 1997-2000 Period
    • Anyamba A., Tucker C.J., and Mahoney R. From El Niño to La Niña: Vegetation response pattern over East and Southern Africa during the 1997-2000 Period. Journal of Climate 15 (2002) 3096-3103
    • (2002) Journal of Climate , vol.15 , pp. 3096-3103
    • Anyamba, A.1    Tucker, C.J.2    Mahoney, R.3
  • 5
    • 1642298802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beyond the ''climate versus grazing'' impasse: using remote sensing to investigate the effects of grazing system choice on vegetation cover in the eastern Karoo
    • Archer E.R.M. Beyond the ''climate versus grazing'' impasse: using remote sensing to investigate the effects of grazing system choice on vegetation cover in the eastern Karoo. Journal of Arid Environments 57 (2004) 381-408
    • (2004) Journal of Arid Environments , vol.57 , pp. 381-408
    • Archer, E.R.M.1
  • 7
    • 0034522695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An assessment of land degradation in the Northern Province from satellite remote sensing and community perception
    • Botha J.H., and Fouche P.S. An assessment of land degradation in the Northern Province from satellite remote sensing and community perception. South African Geographical Society 82 (2000) 70-79
    • (2000) South African Geographical Society , vol.82 , pp. 70-79
    • Botha, J.H.1    Fouche, P.S.2
  • 8
    • 21644445230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate-induced regional and interannual variations in terrestrial carbon uptake
    • Cao M., and Prince S.D. Climate-induced regional and interannual variations in terrestrial carbon uptake. Tellus 57 (2005) 210-217
    • (2005) Tellus , vol.57 , pp. 210-217
    • Cao, M.1    Prince, S.D.2
  • 9
    • 2542562045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Remote sensing interannual variations and trends in terrestrial net primary productivity 1981-2000
    • Cao M., Prince S., Small J., and Goetz S.J. Remote sensing interannual variations and trends in terrestrial net primary productivity 1981-2000. Ecosystems 7 (2004) 233-242
    • (2004) Ecosystems , vol.7 , pp. 233-242
    • Cao, M.1    Prince, S.2    Small, J.3    Goetz, S.J.4
  • 10
    • 0004038831 scopus 로고
    • Witwatersrand University Press, Johannesburg
    • Christopher A. The Atlas of Apartheid (1994), Witwatersrand University Press, Johannesburg
    • (1994) The Atlas of Apartheid
    • Christopher, A.1
  • 13
    • 0034487173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interpretations of environmental change and diversity: a critical approach to indications of degradation-the case of Kalakamate, northeast Botswana
    • Dahlberg A. Interpretations of environmental change and diversity: a critical approach to indications of degradation-the case of Kalakamate, northeast Botswana. Land Degradation and Development 11 (2000) 549-562
    • (2000) Land Degradation and Development , vol.11 , pp. 549-562
    • Dahlberg, A.1
  • 16
    • 8344267535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trend analysis of the Pathfinder AVHRR Land (PAL) NDVI data for the deserts of Central Asia
    • DeBeurs K.M., and Henebry G.M. Trend analysis of the Pathfinder AVHRR Land (PAL) NDVI data for the deserts of Central Asia. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters 1 (2004) 282-286
    • (2004) IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters , vol.1 , pp. 282-286
    • DeBeurs, K.M.1    Henebry, G.M.2
  • 17
    • 0034963761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monitoring land-cover changes in semi-arid regions: remote sensing data and field observations in the Ferlo, Senegal
    • Diouf A., and Lambin E. Monitoring land-cover changes in semi-arid regions: remote sensing data and field observations in the Ferlo, Senegal. Journal of Arid Environments 48 (2001) 129-148
    • (2001) Journal of Arid Environments , vol.48 , pp. 129-148
    • Diouf, A.1    Lambin, E.2
  • 19
    • 0035880381 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of rainfall variability and communal and semi-commercial grazing on land cover in southern African rangelands
    • Dube O., and Pickup G. Effects of rainfall variability and communal and semi-commercial grazing on land cover in southern African rangelands. Climate Research 17 (2001) 195-208
    • (2001) Climate Research , vol.17 , pp. 195-208
    • Dube, O.1    Pickup, G.2
  • 20
    • 0032829907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linear regression relationships between NDVI, vegetation and rainfall in Etosha National Park, Namibia
    • Du Plessis W.P. Linear regression relationships between NDVI, vegetation and rainfall in Etosha National Park, Namibia. Journal of Arid Environments 42 (1999) 235-260
    • (1999) Journal of Arid Environments , vol.42 , pp. 235-260
    • Du Plessis, W.P.1
  • 22
    • 1942474436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discriminating between climate and human-induced dryland degradation
    • Evans J., and Geerken R. Discriminating between climate and human-induced dryland degradation. Journal of Arid Environments 57 (2004) 535-554
    • (2004) Journal of Arid Environments , vol.57 , pp. 535-554
    • Evans, J.1    Geerken, R.2
  • 24
    • 0028534077 scopus 로고
    • The influence of soil type on the relationships between NDVI, rainfall and soil moisture in semi-arid Botswana. Part II. Response to soil moisture
    • Farrar T.J., Nicholson S.E., and Lare A.R. The influence of soil type on the relationships between NDVI, rainfall and soil moisture in semi-arid Botswana. Part II. Response to soil moisture. Remote Sensing of Environment 50 (1994) 121-133
    • (1994) Remote Sensing of Environment , vol.50 , pp. 121-133
    • Farrar, T.J.1    Nicholson, S.E.2    Lare, A.R.3
  • 25
    • 0013398843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Redistribution, Restitution and Reform: Prospects for the Land in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa
    • Conacher A. (Ed), Kluwer Acadamic Publishers, London
    • Fox R., and Rowntree K. Redistribution, Restitution and Reform: Prospects for the Land in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. In: Conacher A. (Ed). Land Degradation (2001), Kluwer Acadamic Publishers, London 167-186
    • (2001) Land Degradation , pp. 167-186
    • Fox, R.1    Rowntree, K.2
  • 26
    • 0031225077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of canopy strata on remotely sensed observations of savanna-woodlands
    • Fuller D.O., Prince S.D., and Astle W.L. The influence of canopy strata on remotely sensed observations of savanna-woodlands. International Journal of Remote Sensing 18 (1997) 2985-3009
    • (1997) International Journal of Remote Sensing , vol.18 , pp. 2985-3009
    • Fuller, D.O.1    Prince, S.D.2    Astle, W.L.3
  • 27
    • 2342470099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of rangeland degradation and development of a strategy for rehabilitation
    • Geerken R., and Ilaiwi M. Assessment of rangeland degradation and development of a strategy for rehabilitation. Remote Sensing of Environment 90 (2004) 490-504
    • (2004) Remote Sensing of Environment , vol.90 , pp. 490-504
    • Geerken, R.1    Ilaiwi, M.2
  • 28
    • 0033785535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interannual variability of global terrestrial primary production: results of a model driven with satellite observations
    • Goetz S.J., Prince S.D., Small J., and Gleason A. Interannual variability of global terrestrial primary production: results of a model driven with satellite observations. Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres 105 (2000) 20077-20091
    • (2000) Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres , vol.105 , pp. 20077-20091
    • Goetz, S.J.1    Prince, S.D.2    Small, J.3    Gleason, A.4
  • 29
    • 16244386868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial heterogeneity at different grain sizes in grazed versus ungrazed sites of the Patagonian steppe
    • Golluscio R.A., Perez J.A., Paruelo J.M., and Ghersa C.M. Spatial heterogeneity at different grain sizes in grazed versus ungrazed sites of the Patagonian steppe. Ecoscience 12 (2005) 103-109
    • (2005) Ecoscience , vol.12 , pp. 103-109
    • Golluscio, R.A.1    Perez, J.A.2    Paruelo, J.M.3    Ghersa, C.M.4
  • 30
    • 0029520247 scopus 로고
    • Transient effects of climate on vegetation dynamics: satellite observations
    • Goward S.N., and Prince S.D. Transient effects of climate on vegetation dynamics: satellite observations. Journal of Biogeography 22 (1995) 549-563
    • (1995) Journal of Biogeography , vol.22 , pp. 549-563
    • Goward, S.N.1    Prince, S.D.2
  • 31
    • 0033215503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct and indirect estimation of leaf area index, FAPAR, and net primary production of terrestrial ecosystems
    • Gower S.T., Kucharik C.J., and Norman J.M. Direct and indirect estimation of leaf area index, FAPAR, and net primary production of terrestrial ecosystems. Remote Sensing of Environment 70 (1999) 29-51
    • (1999) Remote Sensing of Environment , vol.70 , pp. 29-51
    • Gower, S.T.1    Kucharik, C.J.2    Norman, J.M.3
  • 32
    • 0026287097 scopus 로고
    • Desertification-time for an assessment
    • Hellden U. Desertification-time for an assessment. Ambio 20 (1991) 372-383
    • (1991) Ambio , vol.20 , pp. 372-383
    • Hellden, U.1
  • 34
    • 0021639934 scopus 로고
    • A non-parametric trend test for seasonal data with serial dependence
    • Hirsch R.M., and Slack J.R. A non-parametric trend test for seasonal data with serial dependence. Water Resources Research 20 (1984) 727-732
    • (1984) Water Resources Research , vol.20 , pp. 727-732
    • Hirsch, R.M.1    Slack, J.R.2
  • 36
    • 0034455968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National review of land degradation in South Africa: the influence of biophysical and socio-economic factors
    • Hoffman M.T., and Todd S. National review of land degradation in South Africa: the influence of biophysical and socio-economic factors. Journal of Southern African studies 26 (2000) 743-758
    • (2000) Journal of Southern African studies , vol.26 , pp. 743-758
    • Hoffman, M.T.1    Todd, S.2
  • 38
    • 0022927215 scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of maximum-value composite images for temporal AVHRR data
    • Holben B.N. Characteristics of maximum-value composite images for temporal AVHRR data. International Journal of Remote Sensing 7 (1986) 1435-1445
    • (1986) International Journal of Remote Sensing , vol.7 , pp. 1435-1445
    • Holben, B.N.1
  • 39
    • 0037447871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of time-integrated NOAA NDVI data and rainfall to assess landscape degradation in the arid shrubland of Western Australia
    • Holm A.M., Cridland S.W., and Roderick M.L. The use of time-integrated NOAA NDVI data and rainfall to assess landscape degradation in the arid shrubland of Western Australia. Remote Sensing of Environment 85 (2003) 145-158
    • (2003) Remote Sensing of Environment , vol.85 , pp. 145-158
    • Holm, A.M.1    Cridland, S.W.2    Roderick, M.L.3
  • 40
    • 0033178314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the relevance of nonequilibrium concepts to arid and semiarid grazing systems
    • Illius A.W., and O'Connor T.G. On the relevance of nonequilibrium concepts to arid and semiarid grazing systems. Ecological Applications 9 (1999) 798-813
    • (1999) Ecological Applications , vol.9 , pp. 798-813
    • Illius, A.W.1    O'Connor, T.G.2
  • 41
    • 0030616475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Satellite-observed vegetation as an indicator of climate variability over southern Africa
    • Jury M.R., Weeks S., and Godwe M.P. Satellite-observed vegetation as an indicator of climate variability over southern Africa. South African Journal of Science 93 (1997) 34-38
    • (1997) South African Journal of Science , vol.93 , pp. 34-38
    • Jury, M.R.1    Weeks, S.2    Godwe, M.P.3
  • 42
    • 0022923877 scopus 로고
    • Monitoring the grasslands of the Sahel using NOAA/AVHRR data: Niger 1983
    • Justice C.O., and Hiernaux P.H.Y. Monitoring the grasslands of the Sahel using NOAA/AVHRR data: Niger 1983. International Journal of Remote Sensing 7 (1986) 1475-1497
    • (1986) International Journal of Remote Sensing , vol.7 , pp. 1475-1497
    • Justice, C.O.1    Hiernaux, P.H.Y.2
  • 44
    • 0025920183 scopus 로고
    • The effect of water vapor on the normalized difference vegetation index derived for the Sahelian Region from NOAA AVHRR data
    • Justice C.O., Eck T., Tanre D., and Holben B.N. The effect of water vapor on the normalized difference vegetation index derived for the Sahelian Region from NOAA AVHRR data. International Journal of Remote Sensing 12 (1991) 1165-1188
    • (1991) International Journal of Remote Sensing , vol.12 , pp. 1165-1188
    • Justice, C.O.1    Eck, T.2    Tanre, D.3    Holben, B.N.4
  • 45
    • 0010984573 scopus 로고
    • The effects of different forms of land use on the ecology of the semi-arid region in south-eastern Rhodesia
    • Kelly R.D., and Walker B.H. The effects of different forms of land use on the ecology of the semi-arid region in south-eastern Rhodesia. Journal of Ecology 62 (1977) 553-576
    • (1977) Journal of Ecology , vol.62 , pp. 553-576
    • Kelly, R.D.1    Walker, B.H.2
  • 47
    • 0028431032 scopus 로고
    • Change vector analysis: a tool to detect and categorize land-cover change processes using high temporal-resolution satellite data
    • Lambin E.F., and Strahler A.H. Change vector analysis: a tool to detect and categorize land-cover change processes using high temporal-resolution satellite data. Remote Sensing of Environment 48 (1994) 231-244
    • (1994) Remote Sensing of Environment , vol.48 , pp. 231-244
    • Lambin, E.F.1    Strahler, A.H.2
  • 48
    • 33750002228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lamprey, H.F., 1975. Report on the Desert Encroachment Reconnaissance in Northern Sudan, 21 October-10 November 1975. UNESCO/UNEP, Nairobi.
  • 49
    • 0021537107 scopus 로고
    • Rain-use efficiency: a unifying concept in arid-land ecology
    • Le Houérou H.N. Rain-use efficiency: a unifying concept in arid-land ecology. Journal of Arid Lands 7 (1984) 213-247
    • (1984) Journal of Arid Lands , vol.7 , pp. 213-247
    • Le Houérou, H.N.1
  • 50
    • 0024161972 scopus 로고
    • Relationship between the variability of primary production and the variability of annual precipitation in world arid lands
    • Le Houérou H.N., Bingham R.L., and Skerbek W. Relationship between the variability of primary production and the variability of annual precipitation in world arid lands. Journal of Arid Environments 15 (1988) 1-18
    • (1988) Journal of Arid Environments , vol.15 , pp. 1-18
    • Le Houérou, H.N.1    Bingham, R.L.2    Skerbek, W.3
  • 51
    • 0027334955 scopus 로고
    • Relating the Global Vegetation Index to net primary productivity and actual evapotranspiration over Africa
    • Lo Seen Chong D., Mougin E., and Gastellu-Etchegorry J.P. Relating the Global Vegetation Index to net primary productivity and actual evapotranspiration over Africa. International Journal of Remote Sensing 14 (1993) 1517-1546
    • (1993) International Journal of Remote Sensing , vol.14 , pp. 1517-1546
    • Lo Seen Chong, D.1    Mougin, E.2    Gastellu-Etchegorry, J.P.3
  • 52
    • 0035840396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monitoring land-cover changes in West Africa with SPOT vegetation: impact of natural disasters in 1998-1999
    • Lupo F., Reginster I., and Lambin E.F. Monitoring land-cover changes in West Africa with SPOT vegetation: impact of natural disasters in 1998-1999. International Journal of Remote Sensing (2001) 2633-2639
    • (2001) International Journal of Remote Sensing , pp. 2633-2639
    • Lupo, F.1    Reginster, I.2    Lambin, E.F.3
  • 54
    • 33749983346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Malherbe, J., 2001. Integration of Radar rainfall estimates, point station data and long-term interpolated rainfall surfaces to estimate rainfall for the Umlindi monitoring system. In: South African Society for Atmospheric Sciences Conference, Cape Town.
  • 55
    • 0025252599 scopus 로고
    • A study of rainfall and vegetation dynamics in the African Sahel using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index
    • Malo A.R., and Nicholson S.N. A study of rainfall and vegetation dynamics in the African Sahel using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index. Journal of Arid Environments 19 (1990) 1-24
    • (1990) Journal of Arid Environments , vol.19 , pp. 1-24
    • Malo, A.R.1    Nicholson, S.N.2
  • 56
    • 0036926292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The nature, extend and causes of land degradation in South Africa: legacy of the past, lessons for the future
    • Meadows M.E., and Hoffman M.T. The nature, extend and causes of land degradation in South Africa: legacy of the past, lessons for the future. Area 34 (2002) 428-437
    • (2002) Area , vol.34 , pp. 428-437
    • Meadows, M.E.1    Hoffman, M.T.2
  • 57
    • 0034688206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GAC NDVI images: relationship to rainfall and potential evaporation in the grazing lands of The Gourma (northern Sahel) and in the croplands of the Niger-Nigeria border (southern Sahel)
    • Milich L., and Weiss E. GAC NDVI images: relationship to rainfall and potential evaporation in the grazing lands of The Gourma (northern Sahel) and in the croplands of the Niger-Nigeria border (southern Sahel). International Journal of Remote Sensing 21 (2000) 261-280
    • (2000) International Journal of Remote Sensing , vol.21 , pp. 261-280
    • Milich, L.1    Weiss, E.2
  • 58
    • 33749986960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monnik, K., 2001. Agrometeorological database management strategies and tools in South Africa. In: Motha, R.P., Sivakumar, M.V.K. (Eds.), Software for Agroclimatic Data Management: Proceedings of an Expert Group Meeting. Report WAOB-2001-2. USDA, Washington, DC, p. 194.
  • 59
    • 22244442487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the question of the "recovery" of the rains in the West African Sahel
    • Nicholson S. On the question of the "recovery" of the rains in the West African Sahel. Journal of Arid Environments 63 (2005) 615-641
    • (2005) Journal of Arid Environments , vol.63 , pp. 615-641
    • Nicholson, S.1
  • 60
    • 0028534079 scopus 로고
    • The influence of soil type on the relationships between NDVI, rainfall and soil moisture in semi-arid Botswana. Part I. NDVI response to rainfall
    • Nicholson S.E., and Farrar T. The influence of soil type on the relationships between NDVI, rainfall and soil moisture in semi-arid Botswana. Part I. NDVI response to rainfall. Remote Sensing of Environment 50 (1994) 107-120
    • (1994) Remote Sensing of Environment , vol.50 , pp. 107-120
    • Nicholson, S.E.1    Farrar, T.2
  • 62
    • 0022233136 scopus 로고
    • Desert ecosystem structure and function
    • Evenari M., Noy-Meir I., and Goodall D.W. (Eds), Elsevier, Amsterdam
    • Noy-Meir I. Desert ecosystem structure and function. In: Evenari M., Noy-Meir I., and Goodall D.W. (Eds). Ecosystems of the World (1985), Elsevier, Amsterdam 92-103
    • (1985) Ecosystems of the World , pp. 92-103
    • Noy-Meir, I.1
  • 63
    • 0034794079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of precipitation and species composition on phytomass of a semi-arid African grassland
    • O'Connor T.G., Haines L.M., and Snyman H.A. Influence of precipitation and species composition on phytomass of a semi-arid African grassland. Journal of Ecology 89 (2001) 850-860
    • (2001) Journal of Ecology , vol.89 , pp. 850-860
    • O'Connor, T.G.1    Haines, L.M.2    Snyman, H.A.3
  • 64
    • 22244479726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A recent greening of the Sahel-trends, patterns and potential causes
    • Olsson L., Eklundhb L., and Ardo J. A recent greening of the Sahel-trends, patterns and potential causes. Journal of Arid Environments 63 (2005) 556-566
    • (2005) Journal of Arid Environments , vol.63 , pp. 556-566
    • Olsson, L.1    Eklundhb, L.2    Ardo, J.3
  • 65
    • 0031259294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in herbaceous layer condition under contrasting land use systems in the semi-arid lowveld, South Africa
    • Parsons D.A.B., Shackleton C.M., and Scholes R.J. Changes in herbaceous layer condition under contrasting land use systems in the semi-arid lowveld, South Africa. Journal of Arid Environments 37 (1997) 319-329
    • (1997) Journal of Arid Environments , vol.37 , pp. 319-329
    • Parsons, D.A.B.1    Shackleton, C.M.2    Scholes, R.J.3
  • 66
    • 0033009334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grassland precipitation-use efficiency varies across a resource gradient
    • Paruelo J.M., Lauenroth W.K., Burke I.C., and Sala E.O. Grassland precipitation-use efficiency varies across a resource gradient. Ecosystems 2 (1999) 64-68
    • (1999) Ecosystems , vol.2 , pp. 64-68
    • Paruelo, J.M.1    Lauenroth, W.K.2    Burke, I.C.3    Sala, E.O.4
  • 67
    • 0030304907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating the effects of land degradation and rainfall variation on productivity in rangelands: an approach using remote sensing and models of grazing and herbage dynamics
    • Pickup G. Estimating the effects of land degradation and rainfall variation on productivity in rangelands: an approach using remote sensing and models of grazing and herbage dynamics. Journal of Applied Ecology 33 (1996) 819-832
    • (1996) Journal of Applied Ecology , vol.33 , pp. 819-832
    • Pickup, G.1
  • 68
    • 0028160957 scopus 로고
    • Remote-sensing based condition assessmant for nonequilibrium rangelands under large-scale commercial grazing
    • Pickup G., Bastin G.N., and Chewings V.H. Remote-sensing based condition assessmant for nonequilibrium rangelands under large-scale commercial grazing. Ecological Applications 4 (1994) 497-517
    • (1994) Ecological Applications , vol.4 , pp. 497-517
    • Pickup, G.1    Bastin, G.N.2    Chewings, V.H.3
  • 69
    • 0031669489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identifying trends in land degradation in non-equilibrium rangelands
    • Pickup G., Bastin G.N., and Chewings V.H. Identifying trends in land degradation in non-equilibrium rangelands. Journal of Applied Ecology 35 (1998) 365-377
    • (1998) Journal of Applied Ecology , vol.35 , pp. 365-377
    • Pickup, G.1    Bastin, G.N.2    Chewings, V.H.3
  • 70
    • 0023523448 scopus 로고
    • Measurement of canopy interception of solar radiation by stands of trees in sparsely wooded savanna
    • Prince S.D. Measurement of canopy interception of solar radiation by stands of trees in sparsely wooded savanna. International Journal of Remote Sensing 8 (1987) 1747-1766
    • (1987) International Journal of Remote Sensing , vol.8 , pp. 1747-1766
    • Prince, S.D.1
  • 71
    • 0026359477 scopus 로고
    • A model of regional primary production for use with coarse-resolution satellite data
    • Prince S.D. A model of regional primary production for use with coarse-resolution satellite data. International Journal of Remote Sensing 12 (1991) 1313-1330
    • (1991) International Journal of Remote Sensing , vol.12 , pp. 1313-1330
    • Prince, S.D.1
  • 72
    • 0025920179 scopus 로고
    • Satellite remote sensing of primary production: comparison of results for Sahelian grasslands 1981-1988
    • Prince S.D. Satellite remote sensing of primary production: comparison of results for Sahelian grasslands 1981-1988. International Journal of Remote Sensing 12 (1991) 1301-1311
    • (1991) International Journal of Remote Sensing , vol.12 , pp. 1301-1311
    • Prince, S.D.1
  • 73
    • 2342495969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial and temporal scales of measurement of desertification
    • Stafford-Smith M., and Reynolds J.F. (Eds), Dahlem University Press, Berlin
    • Prince S.D. Spatial and temporal scales of measurement of desertification. In: Stafford-Smith M., and Reynolds J.F. (Eds). Global Desertification: Do Humans Create Deserts? (2002), Dahlem University Press, Berlin 23-40
    • (2002) Global Desertification: Do Humans Create Deserts? , pp. 23-40
    • Prince, S.D.1
  • 74
    • 0029508595 scopus 로고
    • Global primary production: a remote sensing approach
    • Prince S.D., and Goward S.N. Global primary production: a remote sensing approach. Journal of Biogeography 22 (1995) 815-835
    • (1995) Journal of Biogeography , vol.22 , pp. 815-835
    • Prince, S.D.1    Goward, S.N.2
  • 76
    • 0022923880 scopus 로고
    • Satellite remote sensing of rangelands in Botswana II: NOAA AVHRR and herbaceous vegetation
    • Prince S.D., and Tucker C.J. Satellite remote sensing of rangelands in Botswana II: NOAA AVHRR and herbaceous vegetation. International Journal of Remote Sensing 7 (1986) 1555-1570
    • (1986) International Journal of Remote Sensing , vol.7 , pp. 1555-1570
    • Prince, S.D.1    Tucker, C.J.2
  • 77
    • 0031821988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence from rain use efficiencies does not support extensive Sahelian desertification
    • Prince S.D., Brown de Colstoun E., and Kravitz L. Evidence from rain use efficiencies does not support extensive Sahelian desertification. Global Change Biology 4 (1998) 359-374
    • (1998) Global Change Biology , vol.4 , pp. 359-374
    • Prince, S.D.1    Brown de Colstoun, E.2    Kravitz, L.3
  • 78
    • 0029504090 scopus 로고
    • Inter-satellite calibration linkages for the visible and near-infrared channels of the advanced very high resolution radiometer on NOAA-1, -9, and -11 spacecraft
    • Rao C.R.N., and Chen J. Inter-satellite calibration linkages for the visible and near-infrared channels of the advanced very high resolution radiometer on NOAA-1, -9, and -11 spacecraft. International Journal of Remote Sensing 16 (1995) 1931-1942
    • (1995) International Journal of Remote Sensing , vol.16 , pp. 1931-1942
    • Rao, C.R.N.1    Chen, J.2
  • 79
    • 0030235980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Post-launch calibration of the visible and near-infrared channels of the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer on the NOAA-14 spacecraft
    • Rao C.R.N., and Chen J. Post-launch calibration of the visible and near-infrared channels of the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer on the NOAA-14 spacecraft. International Journal of Remote Sensing 17 (1996) 2743-2747
    • (1996) International Journal of Remote Sensing , vol.17 , pp. 2743-2747
    • Rao, C.R.N.1    Chen, J.2
  • 80
    • 0242488587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global desertification: do humans create deserts?
    • Stanfford-Smith M., and Reynolds J.F. (Eds), Dahlem University Press, Berlin
    • Reynolds J.F., and Stafford Smith M. Global desertification: do humans create deserts?. In: Stanfford-Smith M., and Reynolds J.F. (Eds). Do Humans Create Deserts? (2002), Dahlem University Press, Berlin 1-22
    • (2002) Do Humans Create Deserts? , pp. 1-22
    • Reynolds, J.F.1    Stafford Smith, M.2
  • 81
    • 0002048380 scopus 로고
    • Net primary productivity of terrestrial communities: prediction from climatological data
    • Rosenzweig M.L. Net primary productivity of terrestrial communities: prediction from climatological data. American Naturalist 102 (1968) 67-72
    • (1968) American Naturalist , vol.102 , pp. 67-72
    • Rosenzweig, M.L.1
  • 82
    • 0033215477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A global terrestrial monitoring network scaling tower fluxes with ecosystem modeling and EOS satellite data
    • Running S.W., Baldocchi D., Gower S.T., Turner D., Bakwin P., and Hibbard K. A global terrestrial monitoring network scaling tower fluxes with ecosystem modeling and EOS satellite data. Remote Sensing of Environment 70 (1999) 108-127
    • (1999) Remote Sensing of Environment , vol.70 , pp. 108-127
    • Running, S.W.1    Baldocchi, D.2    Gower, S.T.3    Turner, D.4    Bakwin, P.5    Hibbard, K.6
  • 83
    • 0002269657 scopus 로고
    • Annual plant production-precipitation relations in arid and semi-arid regions
    • Rutherford M.C. Annual plant production-precipitation relations in arid and semi-arid regions. South African Journal of Science 76 (1980) 53-56
    • (1980) South African Journal of Science , vol.76 , pp. 53-56
    • Rutherford, M.C.1
  • 84
    • 33750023899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Schoeman, J.L., van der Walt, M., Monnik, K.A., Thackrah, A., Malherbe, J., Roux, R.E.L., 2002. Development and application of a land capability classification system for South Africa. Unpublished ARC-ISCW report GW/A/2000/57. Agricultural Research Council, Institute for Soil, Climate and Water, Pretoria.
  • 86
    • 0001731932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate
    • Cowling R.M., Richardson D.M., and Pierce S.M. (Eds), Cambridge University Press, New York
    • Schulze R.E. Climate. In: Cowling R.M., Richardson D.M., and Pierce S.M. (Eds). Vegetation of Southern Africa (1997), Cambridge University Press, New York 21-42
    • (1997) Vegetation of Southern Africa , pp. 21-42
    • Schulze, R.E.1
  • 87
    • 0027464495 scopus 로고
    • Are the communal grazing lands in need of saving?
    • Shackleton C.M. Are the communal grazing lands in need of saving?. Development South Africa 10 (1993) 65-78
    • (1993) Development South Africa , vol.10 , pp. 65-78
    • Shackleton, C.M.1
  • 88
    • 0035652720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of land-based strategies in rural livelihoods: the contribution of arable production, animal husbandry and natural resource harvesting in communal areas in South Africa
    • Shackleton C.M., Shackleton S.E., and Cousins B. The role of land-based strategies in rural livelihoods: the contribution of arable production, animal husbandry and natural resource harvesting in communal areas in South Africa. Development South Africa 18 (2001) 581-604
    • (2001) Development South Africa , vol.18 , pp. 581-604
    • Shackleton, C.M.1    Shackleton, S.E.2    Cousins, B.3
  • 89
    • 0032143486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamics and sustainable utilization of rangeland ecosystems in arid and semi-arid climates of southern Africa
    • Snyman H.A. Dynamics and sustainable utilization of rangeland ecosystems in arid and semi-arid climates of southern Africa. Journal of Arid Environments 39 (1998) 645-666
    • (1998) Journal of Arid Environments , vol.39 , pp. 645-666
    • Snyman, H.A.1
  • 90
    • 1342309551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monitoring desertification and land degradation over sub-Saharan Africa
    • Symeonakis E., and Drake N. Monitoring desertification and land degradation over sub-Saharan Africa. International Journal of Remote Sensing 25 (2004) 573-592
    • (2004) International Journal of Remote Sensing , vol.25 , pp. 573-592
    • Symeonakis, E.1    Drake, N.2
  • 93
    • 0026268305 scopus 로고
    • Expansion and contraction of the Sahara desert from 1980 to 1990
    • Tucker C.J., Dregne H.E., and Newcomb W.W. Expansion and contraction of the Sahara desert from 1980 to 1990. Science 253 (1991) 299-301
    • (1991) Science , vol.253 , pp. 299-301
    • Tucker, C.J.1    Dregne, H.E.2    Newcomb, W.W.3
  • 94
    • 0026170912 scopus 로고
    • Mean and inter-annual variation of growing-season normalized difference vegetation index for the Sahel 1981-1989
    • Tucker C.J., Newcomb W.W., Los S.O., and Prince S.D. Mean and inter-annual variation of growing-season normalized difference vegetation index for the Sahel 1981-1989. International Journal of Remote Sensing 12 (1991) 1133-1135
    • (1991) International Journal of Remote Sensing , vol.12 , pp. 1133-1135
    • Tucker, C.J.1    Newcomb, W.W.2    Los, S.O.3    Prince, S.D.4
  • 95
    • 33750021995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • UNCCD, 1994. United Nations Convention to combat desertification in countries experiencing serious drought and/or desertification, particularly in Africa. A/AC.241/27, Paris.
  • 96
    • 33749995191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • UNCED, 1992. Managing Fragile Ecosystems: Combating Desertification and Drought. United Nations Conference on Environment and Development.
  • 97
    • 2342605725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Frame work for the determinants of degradation in arid ecosystems
    • Reynolds J.F., and Stafford Smith D.M. (Eds), Dahlem University Press, Berlin
    • Walker B.H., Abel N., Stafford Smith D.M., and Langridge J.L. A Frame work for the determinants of degradation in arid ecosystems. In: Reynolds J.F., and Stafford Smith D.M. (Eds). Global Desertification: Do Humans Create Deserts? (2002), Dahlem University Press, Berlin 75-94
    • (2002) Global Desertification: Do Humans Create Deserts? , pp. 75-94
    • Walker, B.H.1    Abel, N.2    Stafford Smith, D.M.3    Langridge, J.L.4
  • 98
    • 0035892353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial patterns of NDVI in response to precipitation and temperature in the central Great Plains
    • Wang J., Price K.P., and Rich P.M. Spatial patterns of NDVI in response to precipitation and temperature in the central Great Plains. International Journal of Remote Sensing 22 (2001) 3827-3844
    • (2001) International Journal of Remote Sensing , vol.22 , pp. 3827-3844
    • Wang, J.1    Price, K.P.2    Rich, P.M.3
  • 99
    • 33750001693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wessels, K.J., van den Berg, H.M., van der Merwe, J.P.A., Smith, H.J., van Zyl, A., Twyman, L., 2001. Mapping and monitoring the conservation status of the natural resources of Mpumalanga province by means of remote sensing and GIS technology. Report No. GW/A/2001/9, ARC-Institute for Soil, Climate and Water, Pretoria.
  • 100
    • 2342539147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing the effects of human-induced land degradation in the former homelands of northern South Africa with a 1 km AVHRR NDVI time-series
    • Wessels K.J., Prince S.D., Frost P.E., and van Zyl D. Assessing the effects of human-induced land degradation in the former homelands of northern South Africa with a 1 km AVHRR NDVI time-series. Remote Sensing of Environment 91 (2004) 47-67
    • (2004) Remote Sensing of Environment , vol.91 , pp. 47-67
    • Wessels, K.J.1    Prince, S.D.2    Frost, P.E.3    van Zyl, D.4
  • 103
    • 2542546615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do grasslands have a memory: modeling phytomass production of a Semiarid South African Grassland
    • Wiegand T., Snyman H.A., Kelner K., and Paruelo J.M. Do grasslands have a memory: modeling phytomass production of a Semiarid South African Grassland. Ecosystems 7 (2004) 243-258
    • (2004) Ecosystems , vol.7 , pp. 243-258
    • Wiegand, T.1    Snyman, H.A.2    Kelner, K.3    Paruelo, J.M.4
  • 104
    • 0032108709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An analysis of relationships among climate forcing and time-integrated NDVI of grasslands over the US Northern and Central Great Plains
    • Yang L., Wylie B.K., Tieszen L.L., and Reed B.C. An analysis of relationships among climate forcing and time-integrated NDVI of grasslands over the US Northern and Central Great Plains. Remote Sensing of Environment 65 (1998) 25-37
    • (1998) Remote Sensing of Environment , vol.65 , pp. 25-37
    • Yang, L.1    Wylie, B.K.2    Tieszen, L.L.3    Reed, B.C.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.