Intramyocellular lipid stores increase markedly in athletes after 1.5 days lipid supplementation and are utilized during exercise in proportion to their content

European Journal of Applied Physiology

Volumn 98, Issue 4, 2006, Pages 341-354

  Zehnder, Monica ^a   Christ, Emanuel R ^a   Ith, Michael ^a   Acheson, Kevin J ^b   Pouteau, Etienne ^b   Kreis, Roland ^a   Trepp, Roman ^a   Diem, Peter ^a   Boesch, Chris ^a   Décombaz, Jacques ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BERN   (Switzerland)

^b NESTLÉ RESEARCH CENTER   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

Fat supplement; High carbohydrate diet; Magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Muscle glycogen

Indexed keywords

FATTY ACID; GLYCOGEN; LIPID; PALMITIC ACID DERIVATIVE;

ADULT; ARTICLE; ATHLETE; CARBOHYDRATE DIET; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; CROSSOVER PROCEDURE; DIET SUPPLEMENTATION; ENDURANCE; ENERGY CONSUMPTION; EXERCISE; FATTY ACID BLOOD LEVEL; FATTY ACID OXIDATION; GLYCOGEN MUSCLE LEVEL; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; LEG MUSCLE; LIPID STORAGE; LOW FAT DIET; LUNG GAS EXCHANGE; MALE; NORMAL HUMAN; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SIMULATION;

ADULT; ANAEROBIC THRESHOLD; BICYCLING; BODY COMPOSITION; CROSS-OVER STUDIES; DIET; DIETARY CARBOHYDRATES; DIETARY FATS; DIETARY PROTEINS; DOUBLE-BLIND METHOD; ENERGY METABOLISM; EXERCISE; GLYCOGEN; HUMANS; KINETICS; LIPID METABOLISM; MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; MALE; MUSCLE FIBERS; MUSCLE FIBERS, SKELETAL; OXIDATION-REDUCTION; OXYGEN; PALMITATES; PHYSICAL ENDURANCE; PHYSICAL FITNESS; PULMONARY GAS EXCHANGE;

EID: 33749351730     PISSN: 14396319     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00421-006-0279-5     Document Type: Article

References (64)

1. Achten J, Venables MC, Jeukendrup AE (2003) Fat oxidation rates are higher during running compared with cycling over a wide range of intensities. Metabolism 52:747-752
2. Achten J, Halson SL, Moseley L, Rayson MP, Casey A, Jeukendrup AE (2004) Higher dietary carbohydrate content during intensified running training results in better maintenance of performance and mood state. J Appl Physiol 96:1331-1340
3. Bachmann OP, Dahl DB, Brechtel K, Machann J, Haap M, Maier T, Loviscach M, Stumvoll M, Claussen CD, Schick F, Haring HU, Jacob S (2001) Effects of intravenous and dietary lipid challenge on intramyocellular lipid content and the relation with insulin sensitivity in humans. Diabetes 50:2579-2584
4. Boden G, Lebed B, Schatz M, Homko C, Lemieux S (2001) Effects of acute changes of plasma free fatty acids on intramyocellular fat content and insulin resistance in healthy subjects. Diabetes 50:1612-1617
5. Boesch C, Slotboom J, Hoppeler H, Kreis R (1997) In vivo determination of intra-myocellular lipids in human muscle by means of localized 1 H-MR-spectroscopy. Magn Reson Med 37:484-493
6. 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Proc Nutr Soc 58:841-850
7. Bottomley PA, Lee Y, Weiss RG (1997) Total creatine in muscle: Imaging and quantification with proton MR spectroscopy. Radiology 204:403-410
8. Burke LM, Angus DJ, Cox GR, Cummings NK, Febbraio MA, Gawthorn K, Hawley JA, Minehan M, Martin DT, Hargreaves M (2000) Effect of fat adaptation and carbohydrate restoration on metabolism and performance during prolonged cycling. J Appl Physiol 89:2413-2421
9. Carey AL, Staudacher HM, Cummings NK, Stepto NK, Nikolopoulos V, Burke LM, Hawley JA (2001) Effects of fat adaptation and carbohydrate restoration on prolonged endurance exercise. J Appl Physiol 91:115-122
10. Christ ER, Zehnder M, Boesch C, Trepp R, Mullis PE, Diem P, Decombaz J (2006) The effect of increased lipid intake on hormonal responses during aerobic exercise in endurance-trained men. Eur J Endocrinol 154:397-403
11. Clarkson PM, Kroll W, McBride TC (1980) Maximal isometric strength and fiber type composition in power and endurance athletes. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 44:35-42
12. Coggan AR, Raguso CA, Gastaldelli A, Sidossis LS, Yeckel CW (2000) Fat metabolism during high-intensity exercise in endurance-trained and untrained men. Metabolism 49:122-128
13. Coron A, Vanhamme L, Antoine JP, Van Hecke P, Van Huffel S (2001) The filtering approach to solvent peak suppression in MRS: A critical review. J Magn Reson 152:26-40
14. Coyle EF, Jeukendrup AE, Wagenmakers AJ, Saris WH (1997) Fatty acid oxidation is directly regulated by carbohydrate metabolism during exercise. Am J Physiol 273:E268-E275
15. Coyle EF, Jeukendrup AE, Oseto MC, Hodgkinson BJ, Zderic TW (2001) Low-fat diet alters intramuscular substrates and reduces lipolysis and fat oxidation during exercise. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 280:E391-E398
16. De Bock K, Richter EA, Russell AP, Eijnde BO, Derave W, Ramaekers M, Koninckx E, Leger B, Verhaeghe J, Hespel P (2005) Exercise in the fasted state facilitates fibre type-specific intramyocellular lipid breakdown and stimulates glycogen resynthesis in humans. J Physiol 564:649-660
17. Décombaz J, Fleith M, Hoppeler H, Kreis R, Boesch C (2000) Effect of diet on the replenishment of intramyocellular lipids after exercise. Eur J Nutr 39:244-247
18. Décombaz J, Schmitt B, Ith M, Decarli B, Diem P, Kreis R, Hoppeler H, Boesch C (2001) Postexercise fat intake repletes intramyocellular lipids but no faster in trained than in sedentary subjects. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 281:R760-R769
19. Erlenbusch M, Haub M, Munoz K, MacConnie S, Stillwell B (2005) Effect of high-fat or high-carbohydrate diets on endurance exercise: A meta-analysis. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 15:1-14
20. Flatt JP, Ravussin E, Acheson KJ, Jequier E (1985) Effects of dietary fat on postprandial substrate oxidation and on carbohydrate and fat balances. J Clin Invest 76:1019-1024
21. Fox EL, Mathews DK (1981) Bases physiologiques de l'activité physique. WB Saunders, Philadelphia p 210
22. Goedecke JH, Christie C, Wilson G, Dennis SC, Noakes TD, Hopkins WG, Lambert EV (1999) Metabolic adaptations to a high-fat diet in endurance cyclists. Metab Clin Exp 48:1509-1517
23. Havemann L, West SJ, Goedecke JH, Macdonald IA, St Clair GA, Noakes TD, Lambert EV (2006) Fat adaptation followed by carbohydrate loading compromises high-intensity sprint performance. J Appl Physiol 100:194-202
24. Helge JW, Watt PW, Richter EA, Rennie MJ, Kiens B (2002) Partial restoration of dietary fat induced metabolic adaptations to training by 7 days of carbohydrate diet. J Appl Physiol 93:1797-1805
25. Ivy JL (2001) Dietary strategies to promote glycogen synthesis after exercise. Can J Appl Physiol 26 Suppl:S236-S245
26. Jansson E, Hjemdahl P, Kaijser L (1982) Diet induced changes in sympatho-adrenal activity during submaximal exercise in relation to substrate utilization in man. Acta Physiol Scand 114:171-178
27. Jéquier E, Acheson K, Schutz Y (1987) Assessment of energy expenditure and fuel utilization in man. Annu Rev Nutr 7:187-208
28. Jeukendrup A, Saris WH, Brouns F, Kester AD (1996) A new validated endurance performance test. Med Sci Sports Exerc 28:266-270
29. Jeukendrup AE, Saris WH, Wagenmakers AJ (1998) Fat metabolism during exercise: A Feview. Part I: fatty acid mobilization and muscle metabolism. Int J Sports Med 19:231-244
30. Johnson NA, Stannard SR, Mehalski K, Trenell MI, Sachinwalla T, Thompson CH, Thompson MW (2003) Intramyocellular triacylglycerol in prolonged cycling with high- and low-carbohydrate availability. J Appl Physiol 94:1365-1372
31. Johnson NA, Stannard SR, Rowlands DS, Chapman PG, Thompson CH, O'Connor H, Sachinwalla T, Thompson MW (2006) Effect of short-term starvation vs. high-fat diet on intramyocellular triglyceride accumulation and insulin resistance in physically fit humans. Exp Physiol Apr 20 [Epub ahead of print]
32. Larson-Meyer DE, Newcomer BR, Hunter GR (2002) Influence of endurance running and recovery diet on intramyocellular lipid content in women: A 1H NMR study. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 282:E95-E106
33. Naressi A, Couturier C, Devos JM, Janssen M, Mangeat C, de Beer R, Graveron-Demilly D (2001) Java-based graphical user interface for the MRUI quantitation package. MAGMA 12:141-152
34. Noble BJ (1982) Clinical applications of perceived exertion. Med Sci Sports Exerc 14:406-411
35. Okano G, Sato Y, Murata Y (1998) Effect of elevated blood FFA levels on endurance performance after a single fat meal ingestion. Med Sci Sports Exerc 30:763-768
36. Roepstorff C, Steffensen CH, Madsen M, Stallknecht B, Kanstrup IL, Richter EA, Kiens B (2002) Gender differences in substrate utilization during submaximal exercise in endurance-trained subjects. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 282:E435-E447
37. Roepstorff C, Donsmark M, Thiele M, Vistisen B, Stewart G, Vissing K, Schjerling P, Hardie DG, Galbo H, Kiens B (2006) Gender differences in hormone-sensitive lipase expression, activity and phosphorylation in skeletal muscle at rest and during exercise. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab July 5 [Epub ahead of print]
38. Romijn JA, Coyle EF, Sidossis LS, Gastaldelli A, Horowitz JF, Endert E, Wolfe RR (1993) Regulation of endogenous fat and carbohydrate metabolism in relation to exercise intensity and duration. Am J Physiol 265:E380-E391
39. Rotman S, Slotboom J, Kreis R, Boesch C, Jequier E (2000) Muscle glycogen recovery after exercise measured by 13C-magnetic resonance spectroscopy in humans: Effect of nutritional solutions. MAGMA 11:114-121
40. Sacchetti M, Saltin B, Osada T, van Hall G (2002) Intramuscular fatty acid metabolism in contracting and non-contracting human skeletal muscle. J Physiol 540:387-395
41. Schneider DA, Lacroix KA, Atkinson GR, Troped PJ, Pollack J (1990) Ventilatory threshold and maximal oxygen uptake during cycling and running in triathletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc 22:257-264
42. Sidossis LS, Wolfe RR (1996) Glucose and insulin-induced inhibition of fatty acid oxidation: The glucose-fatty acid cycle reversed. Am J Physiol 270:E733-E738
43. Sidossis LS, Coggan AR, Gastaldelli A, Wolfe RR (1995) A new correction factor for use in tracer estimations of plasma fatty acid oxidation. Am J Physiol 269:E649-E656
44. Sinning WE, Dolny DG, Little KD, Cunningham LN, Racaniello A, Siconolfi SF, Sholes JL (1985) Validity of "generalized" equations for body composition analysis in male athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc 17:124-130
45. Souci SW et al (2002) Food composition and nutrition tables, 6th edn. Medpharm Scientific Publishers, Stuttgart
46. Standl E, Lotz N, Dexel T, Janka HU, Kolb HJ (1980) Muscle triglycerides in diabetic subjects. Effect of insulin deficiency and exercise. Diabetologia 18:463-469
47. Starling RD, Trappe TA, Parcell AC, Kerr CG, Fink WJ, Costill DL (1997) Effects of diet on muscle triglyceride and endurance performance. J Appl Physiol 82:1185-1189
48. Steele R (1959) Influences of glucose loading and of injected insulin on hepatic glucose output. Ann NY Acad Sci 82:420-430
49. Steffensen CH, Roepstorff C, Madsen M, Kiens B (2002) Myocellular triacylglycerol breakdown in females but not in males during exercise. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 282:E634-E642
50. Stellingwerff T, Spriet LL, Watt MJ, Kimber NE, Hargreaves M, Hawley JA, Burke LM (2006) Decreased PDH activation and glycogenolysis during exercise following fat adaptation with carbohydrate restoration. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 290:E380-E388
51. Stepto NK, Carey AL, Staudacher HM, Cummings NK, Burke LM, Hawley JA (2002) Effect of short-term fat adaptation on high-intensity training. Med Sci Sports Exerc 34:449-455
52. van Hall G, Gonzalez-Alonso J, Sacchetti M, Saltin B (1999) Skeletal muscle substrate metabolism during exercise: Methodological considerations. Proc Nutr Soc 58:899-912
53. Vanhamme L, van den Boogaart A, Van Huffel S (1997) Improved method for accurate and efficient quantification of MRS data with use of prior knowledge. J Magn Reson 129:35-43
54. van Loon LJC (2004) Use of intramuscular triacylglycerol as a substrate source during exercise in humans. J Appl Physiol 97:1170-1187
55. van Loon LJ, Koopman R, Stegen JH, Wagenmakers AJ, Keizer HA, Saris WH (2003a) Intramyocellular lipids form an important substrate source during moderate intensity exercise in endurance-trained males in a fasted state. J Physiol 553:611-625
56. van Loon LJ, Schrauwen-Hinderling VB, Koopman R, Wagenmakers AJ, Hesselink MK, Schaart G, Kooi ME, Saris WH (2003b) Influence of prolonged endurance cycling and recovery diet on intramuscular triglyceride content in trained males. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 285:E804-E811
57. Watt MJ, Heigenhauser GJ, Dyck DJ, Spriet LL (2002a) Intramuscular triacylglycerol, glycogen and acetyl group metabolism during 4 h of moderate exercise in man. J Physiol 541:969-978
58. Watt MJ, Heigenhauser GJ, Spriet LL (2002b) Intramuscular triacylglycerol utilization in human skeletal muscle during exercise: Is there a controversy? J Appl Physiol 93:1185-1195
59. Watt MJ, Holmes AG, Steinberg GR, Mesa JL, Kemp BE, Febbraio MA (2004) Reduced plasma FFA availability increases net triacylglycerol degradation, but not GPAT or HSL activity, in human skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 287:E120-E127
60. White LJ, Robergs RA, Sibbitt WL Jr, Ferguson MA, McCoy S, Brooks WM (2003) Effects of intermittent cycle exercise on intramyocellular lipid use and recovery. Lipids 38:9-13
61. Wolfe RR (1992) Radioactive and stable isotope traces in biomedicine. Principles and practice of kinetic analysis. Wiley-Liss, New York
62. Zderic TW, Davidson CJ, Schenk S, Byerley LO, Coyle EF (2004) High-fat diet elevates resting intramuscular triglyceride concentration and whole body lipolysis during exercise. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 286:E217-E225
63. Zehnder M, Saillen P, Kreis R, Boesch C, Vermathen P (2005a) Evaluation of intramyocellular lipids concentration in the different thigh and calf muscles before and after endurance exercise. Proc Intl Soc Magn Reson Med 13:798 (abstr)
64. Zehnder M, Ith M, Kreis R, Saris W, Boutellier U, Boesch C (2005b) Gender-specific usage of intramyocellular lipids and glycogen during exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc 37:1517-1524