VP and VS structure of the Yellowstone hot spot from teleseismic tomography: Evidence for an upper mantle plume

Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth

Volumn 111, Issue 4, 2006, Pages

  Waite, Gregory P ^a,b   Smith, Robert B ^a   Allen, Richard M ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF UTAH   (United States)

^b U S GEOLOGICAL SURVEY   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HOT SPOT; SEISMIC DATA; SEISMIC TOMOGRAPHY; TELESEISMIC WAVE; UPPER MANTLE;

EID: 33744919854     PISSN: 21699313     EISSN: 21699356     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2005JB003867     Document Type: Article

References (108)

1. Adams, D. C., and E. D. Humphreys (2003), Q tomography in the Yellowstone region: Effects of mantle water content, Eos Trans. AGU, 84, Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract S21A-05.
2. Allen, R. M., et al. (1999), The thin hot plume beneath Iceland, Geophys. J. Int., 137, 51-63.
3. Allen, R. M., et al. (2002), Imaging the mantle beneath Iceland using integrated seismological techniques, J. Geophys. Res., 107(B12), 2325, doi:10.1029/2001JB000595.
4. Anders, M. H., and N. H. Sleep (1992), Magmatism and extension: The thermal and mechanical effects of the Yellowstone hotspot, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 15,379-15,393.
5. Anders, M. H., J. W. Geissman, L. A. Piety, and J. T. Sullivan (1989), Parabolic distribution of circumeastern Snake River Plain seismicity and latest Quaternary faulting, migratory pattern and association with the Yellowstone hotspot, J. Geophys. Res., 94, 1589-1621.
6. Anderson, D. L. (2000), The statistics and distribution of helium in the mantle, Int. Geol. Rev, 42, 289-311.
7. Anderson, D. L. (2001), Top down tectonics?, Science, 293, 2016-2018.
8. Anderson, D. L., and J. W. Given (1982), Absorption band Q model for the Earth, J. Geophys. Res., 87, 3893-3904.
9. Bassin, C., G. Laske, and G. Masters (2000), The current limits of resolution for surface wave tomography in North America, Eos Trans. AGU, 81(48), Fall Meet. Suppl,, Abstract S12A-03.
10. Benz, H. M., and R. B. Smith (1984), Simultaneous inversion for lateral velocity variations and hypocenters in the Yellowstone region using earthquake and refraction data, J. Geophys. Res., 89, 1208-1220.
11. Berckhemer, H., W. Kampfman, E. Aulbach, and H. Schmeling (1982), Shear modulus and Q of forsterite and dunite near partial melting from forced oscillation experiments, Phys. Earth Planet. Inter., 29, 30-41.
12. Bijwaard, H., W. Spakman, and E. R. Engdahl (1998), Closing the gap between regional and global travel time tomography, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 30,055-30,078.
13. Bina, C. R., and G. Helffrich (1994), Phase transition Clapeyron slopes and transition zone seismic discontinuity topography, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 15,853-15,860.
14. Blackwell, D. D. (1969), Heat-flow determinations in the northwestern United States, J. Geophys. Res., 74, 992-1007.
15. Bunge, H.-P., and S. P. Grand (2000), Mesozoic plate-motion history below the northeast Pacific Ocean from seismic images of the subducted Farallon slab, Nature, 405, 337-340.
16. Cammarano, F., S. Goes, P. Vacher, and D. Giardini (2003), Inferring uppermantle temperatures from seismic velocities, Phys. Earth Planet. Inter., 138, 197-222.
17. Camp, V. E., and M. E. Ross (2004), Mantle dynamics and genesis of mafic magmatism in the intermontane Pacific Northwest, J. Geophys. Res., 109, B08204, doi:10.1029/2003JB002838.
18. Christiansen, R. L. (2001), The Quaternary and Pliocene Yellowstone Plateau volcanic field of Wyoming, Idaho, and Montana, U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap., 729-G.
19. Christiansen, R. L., and R. S. Yeats (1992), Post-Laramide geology of the U.S. Cordilleran region, in The Geology of North America, vol. G3, The Cordilleran Orogen: Conterminous U.S., edited by B. C. Burchfiel, P. W. Lipman, and M. L. Zoback, pp. 261-406, Geol. Soc. of Am., Boulder, Colo.
20. Christiansen, R. L., G. R. Foulger, and J. R. Evans (2002), Upper-mantle origin of the Yellowstone hotspot, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 114, 1245-1256.
21. Courtillot, V, A. Davaille, J. Besse, and J. Stock (2003), Three distinct types of hotspots in the Earth's mantle, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 205, 295-308.
22. Craig, H., J. E. Lupton, J. A. Welhan, and R. Poreda (1978), Helium isotope ratios in Yellowstone and Lassen Park volcanic gases, Geophys. Res. Lett., 5, 897-900.
23. DePaolo, D. J., and M. Manga (2003), Deep origin of hotspots: The mantle plume model, Science, 300, 920-921.
24. Dueker, K. G., and E. D. Humphreys (1990), Upper-mantle velocity structure of the Great Basin, Geophys. Res. Lett., 17, 1327-1330.
25. Dueker, K., H. Yuan, and B. Zurek (2001), Thick-structured Proterozoic lithosphere of the Rocky Mountain region, GSA Today, 11, 4-9.
26. Eaton, G. P., R. L. Christiansen, H. M. Iyer, A. M. Pitt, D. R. Mabey, H. R. Blank Jr., I. Zietz, and M. E. Gettings (1975), Magma beneath Yellowstone National Park, Science, 188, 787-796.
27. Erslev, E. A., and J. F. Sutter (1990), Evidence for Proterozoic mylonitization in the northwestern Wyoming province, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 102, 1681-1694.
28. Evans, J. R. (1982), Compressional wave velocity structure of the upper 350 km under the eastern Snake River Plain near Rexburg, Idaho, J. Geophys. Res., 87, 2654-2670.
29. Evans, J. R., and J. J. Zucca (1988), Active high-resolution seismic tomography of compressional wave velocity and attenuation structure at Medicine Lake Volcano, northern California Cascade Range, J. Geophys. Res., 93, 15,016-15,036.
30. Farnetani, C. G., and H. Samuel (2005), Beyond the thermal plume paradigm, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L07311, doi:10.1029/2005GLO22360.
31. Faul, U. H., and I. Jackson (2005), The seismological signature of temperature and grain size variations in the upper mantle, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 234, 119-134.
32. Faul, U. H., D. R. Toomey, and H. S. Waff (1994), Intergranular basaltic melt is distributed in thin, elongated inclusions, Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 29-32.
33. Favela, J., and D. L. Anderson (2000), Extensional tectonics and global volcanism, in Problems in Geophysics for the New Millennium, edited by E. Boschi, G. Ekström, and A. Morelli, pp. 463-498, Compositori, Bologna, Italy.
34. Fee, D., and K. Dueker (2004), Mantle transition zone topography and structure beneath the Yellowstone hotspot, Geophys. Res. Lett, 31, L18603, doi:10.1029/2004GLO20636.
35. Foulger, G. R., and J. H. Natland (2003), Is "hotspot" volcanism a consequence of plate tectonics?, Science, 300, 921-922.
36. Foulger, G. R., et al. (2001), Seismic tomography shows that upwelling beneath Iceland is confined to the upper mantle, Geophys. J. Int., 146, 504-530.
37. Gilbert, H. J., A. F. Sheehan, K. G. Dueker, and P. Molnar (2003), Receiver functions in the western United States, with implications for upper mantle structure and dynamics, J. Geophys. Res., 108(B5), 2229, doi:10.1029/2001JB001194.
38. Godey, S., F. Deschamps, and J. Trampert (2004), Thermal and compositional anomalies beneath the North American continent, J. Geophys. Res., 109, B01308, doi:10.1029/2002JB002263.
39. Goes, S., and S. van der Lee (2002), Thermal structure of the North American uppermost mantle inferred from seismic tomography, J. Geophys. Res., 107(B3), 2050, doi:10.1029/2000JB000049.
40. Goes, S., R. Govers, and P. Vacher (2000), Shallow mantle temperatures under Europe from P and S wave tomography, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 11,153-11,169.
41. Gripp, A. E., and R. G. Gordon (2002), Young tracks of hotspots and current plate velocities, Geophys. J. Int., 150, 321-361.
42. Hamilton, W. B., and W. B. Myers (1966), Cenozoic tectonics of the western United States, Rev. Geophys., 4, 509-549.
43. Hammond, W. C., and E. D. Humphreys (2000), Upper mantle seismic wave velocity: Effects of realistic partial melt geometries, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 10,975-10,986.
44. Hernlund, J. W., and P. J. Tackley (2003), Post-Laramide volcanism and upper mantle dynamics in the western US: Role of small-scale convection, Eos Trans. AGU, 84(46), Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract V31F-07.
45. Humphreys, E. D., and K. G. Dueker (1994a), Physical state of the western U.S. upper mantle, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 9635-9650.
46. Humphreys, E. D., and K. G. Dueker (1994b), Western U.S. upper mantle structure, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 9615-9634.
47. Humphreys, E. D., K. G. Ducker, D. L. Schutt, and R. B. Smith (2000), Beneath Yellowstone; evaluating plume and nonplume models using teleseismic images of the upper mantle, GSA Today, 10, 1-7.
48. Husen, S., R. B. Smith, and G. P. Waite (2004), Evidence for gas and magmatic sources beneath the Yellowstone Volcanic Field from seismic tomographic imaging, J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 131, 397-410, doi:10.1016/SO377-0273(03)00416-5.
49. Iyer, H. M., J. R. Evans, G. Zandt, R. M. Stewart, J. M. Coakley, and J. N. Roloff (1981), A deep low-velocity body under the Yellowstone caldera, Wyoming: Delineation using teleseismic P-wave residuals and tectonic interpretation: Summary, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 92, 792-798, 1471-1646.
50. Jordan, B. T., A. L. Grunder, R. A. Duncan, and A. L. Deino (2004), Geochronology of age-progressive volcanism of the Oregon High Lava Plains: Implications for the plume interpretation of Yellowstone, J. Geophys. Res., 109, B10202, doi:10.1029/2003JB002776.
51. Jordan, M., R. B. Smith, and G. P. Waite (2004), Tomographic images of the Yellowstone hotspot structure, Eos Trans. AGU, 85, Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract V51B-0556.
52. Jordan, T. H. (1979), Mineralogies, densities and seismic velocities of garnet lherzolites and their geophysical implications, in The Mantle Sample: Inclusions in Kimberlites and other Volcanics, edited by F. R. Boyd and H. O. A. Meyer, pp. 1-14, AGU, Washington, D. C.
53. Karato, S.-I. (1993), Importance of anelasticity in the interpretation of seismic tomography, Geophys. Res. Lett., 20, 1623-1626.
54. Karato, S.-I., and H. Jung (1998), Water, partial melting and the origin of the seismic low velocity and high attenuation zone in the upper mantle, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 157, 193-207.
55. 2O-saturated mantle peridotite to 11 gigapascals, Science, 276, 240-243.
56. Keller, W. R., D. L. Anderson, and R. W. Clayton (2000), Resolution of tomographic models of the mantle beneath Iceland, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 3993-3996.
57. Kendall, J. M. (1994), Teleseismic arrivals at a mid-ocean ridge; effects of mantle melt and anisotropy, Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 301-304.
58. Kennett, B. L. N., and E. R. Engdahl (1991), Traveltimes for global earthquake location and phase identification, Geophys. J. Int., 105, 429-465.
59. Keyser, M., J. R. R. Ritter, and M. Jordan (2002), 3D shear-wave velocity structure of the Eifel Plume, Germany, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 203, 59-82.
60. 4, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 123, 345-357.
61. Lehman, J. A., R. B. Smith, M. M. Schilly, and L. W. Braile (1982), Upper crustal structure of the Yellowstone caldera from delay time analyses and gravity correlations, J Geophys. Res., 87, 2713-2730.
62. Lemieux, S., G. Ross, and F. A. Cook (2000), Crustal geometry and tectonic evolution of the Archean crystalline basement beneath the southern Alberta Plains, from new seismic reflection and potential-field studies, Can. J Earth Sci., 37, 1473-1491.
63. Leveque, J., L. Rivera, and G. Wittlinger (1993), On the use of the checker-board test to assess the resolution of tomographic inversions, Geophys. J. Int., 115, 313-318.
64. Levin, V, W. Menke, and A. Lerner-Lam (1996), Seismic anisotropy in the north-eastem US as a source of significant teleseismic P traveltime anomalies, Geophys. J. Int., 126, 593-603.
65. Lynch, D. P. (1999), Three-dimensional finite difference tomography of the Basin and Range-Colorado Plateau-Rocky Mountain transition using earthquake and controlled source data, M.S. thesis, Univ. of Utah, Salt Lake City.
66. 4He ratios in oceanic basalts an indicator of deep-mantle plume components?, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 208, 197-204, doi:10.1016/ SO012-821X(03)00038-4.
67. Miller, D. S., and R. B. Smith (1999), P and S velocity structure of the Yellowstone volcanic field from local earthquake and controlled-source tomography, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 15,105-15,121.
68. Minster, J. B., and D. L. Anderson (1981), A model of dislocation-controlled rheology for the mantle, Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London, 299, 319-356.
69. Montelli, R., G. Nolet, F. A. Dahlen, G. Masters, E. R. Engdahl, and S.-H. Hung (2004), Finite-frequency tomography reveals a variety of plumes in the mantle, Science, 303, 338-343, doi:10.1126/science.1092485.
70. Morgan, W. J. (1971), Convection plumes in the lower mantle, Nature, 230, 42-43.
71. Morgan, W. J. (1972), Deep mantle convection plumes and plate motions, Am. Assoc. Pet. Geol. Bull., 56, 203-213.
72. Nolet, G. (1993), Solving large linearized tomographic problems, in Seismic Tomography: Theory and Practice, edited by H. M. Iyer and K. Hirahara, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fla.
73. Nolet, G., and F. A. Dahlen (2000), Wavefront healing and the evolution of seismic delay times, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 19,043-19,054.
74. Paige, C. C., and M. A. Saunders (1982), LSQR: An algorithm for sparse linear equations and sparse least squares, Trans. Math. Software, 8,43-71.
75. Pelton, J. R., and R. B. Smith (1982), Contemporary vertical surface displacements in Yellowstone National Park, J. Geophys. Res., 87, 2745-2761.
76. Perkins, M. E., and B. P. Nash (2002), Explosive silicic volcanism of the Yellowstone hotspot: The ashfall tuff record, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 114, 367-381.
77. Pierce, K. L., and L. A. Morgan (1992), The track of the Yellowstone hot spot; volcanism, faulting, and uplift, in Regional Geology of Eastern Idaho and Western Wyoming, edited by P. K. Link, M. A. Kuntz, and L. B. Platt, Mem. Geol. Soc. Am., 179, 1-53.
78. Puskas, C. M., R. B. Smith, and C. M. Meertens (2002), GPS-derived models of intraplate deformation of the Yellowstone Hotspot, Eos Trans. AGU, 83(47), Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract F1037.
79. Ritter, J. R. R., M. Jordan, U. R. Christensen, and U. Achauer (2001), A mantle plume below the Eifel volcanic fields, Germany, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 186, 7-14.
80. Saltzer, R. L., and E. D. Humphreys (1997), Upper mantle P wave velocity structure of the eastern Snake River Plain and its relationship to geodynamic models of the region, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 11,829-11,841.
81. Sato, H. (1992), Thermal structure of the mantle wedge beneath northeastern Japan: Magmatism in an island arc from the combined data of seismic anelasticity and velocity and heat flow, J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 51, 237-252.
82. Schutt, D. L., and E. D. Humphreys (2001), Evidence for a deep asthenosphere beneath North America from western United States SKS splits, Geology, 29, 291-294.
83. S in the wake of the Yellowstone hot spot, J. Geophys. Res., 109, B01305, doi:10.1029/2003JB002442.
84. Schutt, D. L., and C. E. Lesher (2006), Effects of melt depletion on the density and seismic velocity of garnet and spinel lherzolite, J. Geophys. Res., doi:10.1029/2003JB002950, in press.
85. Simmons, N. A., and H. Gurrola (2000), Multiple seismic discontinuities near the base of the transition zone of the Earth's mantle, Nature, 405, 559-562, doi:10.1038/35014589.
86. Smith, R. B. (1977), Intraplate tectonics of the western North American Plate, Tectonophysics, 37, 323-336.
87. Smith, R. B., and L. W. Braile (1994), The Yellowstone hotspot, J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 61, 121-187.
88. Smith, R. B., and M. L, Sbar (1974), Contemporary tectonics and seismicity of the western United States with emphasis on the Intermountain Seismic Belt, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 85, 1205-1218.
89. Smith, R. B., G. P. Waite, C. M. Puskas, D. L. Schutt, and E. D. Humphreys (2003), Dynamic and kinematic models of the Yellowstone Hotspot constrained by seismic anisotropy, GPS measurements and fault slip rates, Eos Trans. AGU, 84(46), Fall Meet Suppl., Abstract T51G-05.
90. Sobolev, S. V., H. Zeyen, G. Stoll, F. Werling, R. Altherr, and K. Fuchs (1996), Upper mantle temperatures from teleseismic tomography of French Massif Central including effects of composition, mineral reactions, anharmonicity, anelasticity and partial melt, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 139, 147-163.
91. Spetzler, J., and R. Snieder (2004), The Fresnel volume and transmitted waves, Geophysics, 69, 653-663, doi:10.1190/1.1759451.
92. Steinberger, B. (2000), Plumes in a convecting mantle; models and observations for individual hotspots, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 11,127-11,152.
93. Tackley, P. J., and D. J. Stevenson (1993), A mechanism for spontaneous self-perpetuating volcanism on the terrestrial planets, in Flow and Creep in the Solar System: Observations, Modeling and Theory, edited by D. B. Stone and S. K. Runcorn, pp. 307-322, Springer, New York,
94. Thompson, A. B. (1992), Water in the Earth's upper mantle, Nature, 358, 295-302.
95. s structure in the northeastern Japan arc, J. Seismol. Soc. Jpn,, 37, 217-228.
96. VanDecar, J. C., and R. S. Crosson (1990), Determination of teleseismic relative phase arrival times using multi-channel cross-correlation and least squares, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 80, 150-159.
97. Vacher, P., A. Mocquet, and C. Sotin (1998), Computation of seismic profiles from mineral physics: The importance of the non-olivine components for explaining the 660 km depth discontinuity, Phys. Earth Planet. Inter, 106, 275-298.
98. Waite, G. P. (2004), Upper mantle structure of the Yellowstone hotspot from teleseismic body-wave velocity tomography and shear-wave anisotropy, Ph.D. thesis, Univ. of Utah, Salt Lake City.
99. Waite, G. P., and R. B. Smith (2002), Seismic evidence for fluid migration accompanying subsidence of the Yellowstone caldera, J. Geophys. Res., 107(B9), 2177, doi:10.1029/200IJB000586.
100. Waite, G. P., R. B. Smith, C. M. Puskas, D. L. Schutt, and R. M. Allen (2003), Kinematics of the Yellowstone hotspot derived from, seismic anisotropy, tomography, and GPS, Geophys. Res. Abstr., 5, 00670.
101. Waite, G. P., D. L. Schutt, and R. B. Smith (2005), Models of lithosphere and asthenosphere anisotropic structure of the Yellowstone hotspot from shear wave splitting, J. Geophys. Res., 110, B11304, doi:10.1029/2004JB003501.
102. Waldhauser, F., R. Lippitsch, E. Kissling, and J. Ansorge (2002), High-resolution teleseismic tomography of upper-mantle structure using an a priori three-dimensional crustal model, Geophys. J. Int., 150, 403-414.
103. Walker, K. T. (2004), Exploring Problems in Tectonics and Geodynamics with Seismology, Ph.D. thesis, Stanford Univ., Palo Alto, Calif
104. Wicks, C. W. J., W. R. Thatcher, and D. Dzurisin (1998), Migration of fluids beneath Yellowstone caldera inferred from satellite radar interferometry, Science, 282, 458-462.
105. Wielandt, E. (1987), On the validity of the ray approximation for interpreting delay times, in Seismic Tomography, edited by G. Nolet, pp. 85-98, Springer, New York.
106. Wolfe, C. J., I. T. Bjarnason, J. C. VanDecar, and S. C. Solomon (2002), Assessing the depth resolution of tomographic models of upper mantle structure beneath Iceland, Geophys. Res. Lett., 29(2), 1015, doi:10.1029/ 2001GLO13657.
107. Wolfe, C. J., S. C. Solomon, P. G. Silver, J. C. VanDecar, and R. M. Russo (2002), Inversion of body-wave delay times for mantle structure beneath the Hawaiian islands: Results from the PELENET experiment, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 198, 129-145.
108. Yuan, H., and K. Dueker (2005), Teleseismic P-wave tomogram of the Yellowstone plume, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L07304, doi:10.1029/ 2004GLO22056.