메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 312, Issue 5772, 2006, Pages 404-410

Structure and receptor specificity of the hemagglutinin from an H5N1 influenza virus

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BIOCHEMISTRY; HUMAN ENGINEERING; OPTICAL RESOLVING POWER; ORGANIC ACIDS; VIRUSES;

EID: 33645981586     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: 10959203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.1124513     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (833)

References (67)
  • 1
    • 33645998539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • WHO (www.who.int/en/).
  • 6
    • 26444490055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • T. M. Tumpey et al., Science 310, 77 (2005).
    • (2005) Science , vol.310 , pp. 77
    • Tumpey, T.M.1
  • 8
    • 0034467921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Y. Suzuki et al., J. Virol. 74, 11825 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Virol. , vol.74 , pp. 11825
    • Suzuki, Y.1
  • 10
    • 24644503497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • T. R. Maines et al., J. Virol. 79, 11788 (2005).
    • (2005) J. Virol. , vol.79 , pp. 11788
    • Maines, T.R.1
  • 11
    • 1642352884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • J. Stevens et al., Science 303, 1866 (2004).
    • (2004) Science , vol.303 , pp. 1866
    • Stevens, J.1
  • 12
    • 33645990414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Materials and Methods are available as supporting material on Science Online.
  • 13
    • 33645980119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Viet04 HA at a concentration of 9 mg/ml was used to grow crystals in sitting drops with a precipitant solution of 22% polyethylene glycol 2000 and 0.1 M Hepes, pH 6.55 (see also supporting online material).
  • 14
    • 33646013690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • 19A).
  • 16
    • 33645998225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Scores from the molecular replacement program PHASER revealed superior scores for the 1918 H1 structure (Z score: 37.2; and log-likelihood gain, 3412), as compared with the Sing97 structure (Z scores, 33.8; and log-likelihood gain, 768).
  • 17
    • 33645977279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • 57, in a symmetry-related monomer.
  • 20
    • 33646016088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Single-letter abbreviations for the amino acid residues are as follows: A, Ala; C, Cys; D, Asp; E, Glu; F, Phe; G, Gly; H, His; I, Ile; K, Lys; L, Leu; M, Met; N, Asn; P, Pro; O, Gln; R, Arg; S, Ser; T, Thr; V, Val; W, Trp; X, any amino acid; and Y, Tyr.
  • 23
    • 25644439259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • WHO Global Influenza Program Surveillance Network, Emerg. Infect. Dis. 11, 1515 (2005).
    • (2005) Emerg. Infect. Dis. , vol.11 , pp. 1515
  • 26
    • 33645985263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Regions of antigenic variation have been identified in H1 and H3 serotypes. For H1, these sites were designated Sa, Sb, Ca, and Cb; for H3, sites were designated A, B, C, and D.
  • 36
    • 33646000688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • HA binding can be analyzed not only for sialic acid-linkage preference, but also for additional features, such as charge; glycan length; or additional sulfation, fucosylation, and sialylation. Of the 265 glycans currently imprinted on the array, 6 are glycoproteins; 38 have sialic acids with α2-3 linkages; 16 have α2-6 linkages; 7 have α2-8 linkages; and a further 16 are β-linkages, modified sialic acid analogs, or glycolylsialic acid glycans. (See table 54 for the glycans analyzed in this study. Of the α2-6 sialosides, only natural full-sized N-linked glycans represented on the array are the biantennary structures (nos. 56 and 57). The remaining sialosides are fragments or terminal sequences found on glycoproteins. For full information on the array, contact the Consortium for Functional Glycomics (62). Previous binding data using this technology and cell-based assays with whole viruses show that N-linked glycans close to the receptor-binding site can affect receptor binding through steric hindrance (35, 63). Insect cells do not produce complex glycans containing terminal galactose and/or sialic acids, as seen in mammalian cells, although high-mannose glycans are produced (64). However, because of the presence of the influenza sialidase, complex glycans of influenza HAs usually terminate only in galactose, and thus the size of the N-glycans elaborated by insect cells approximate to the size of the complex N-glycans in mammalian host cells. Thus, any importance of complex glycans for HA function is still unknown. Indeed, results for the avian H3 HA (A/Duck/Ukraine/1/1963), published recently (35), are in agreement with previous whole viral studies (65). However, independent studies are ongoing to develop the array for whole-virus analyses so that a direct comparison can be made. Such initial experiments are promising, because the strict α2-3 specificity observed here for Dk76 is also seen with whole-virus studies (37) and preliminary experiments with A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 virus that reveal both α2-3 and α2-6 specificity (34), in agreement with experiments from cell-based assays (37).
  • 38
    • 33645990102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Whole-virus studies, including those for Viet04 virus, also revealed α2-3 specificity with a preference for sulfation in current H5N1 strains (39). However, this assay used only seven ligands (one α2-6 and six α2-3), which is considerably fewer than the 84 sialosides, sialoside analogs, and glycoproteins analyzed here. In our glycan array, sulfation on the second galactose was not tolerated (no. 37) for Viet04, although binding was apparent for sialosides with Gal in either β1-3 or β1-4 linkage to a GlcNAc or GalNAc (nos. 21 to 23, 32, 33), as well as to fucosylated glycans (nos. 26 to 29).
  • 39
  • 42
    • 0020595851 scopus 로고
    • G. N. Rogers et al., Nature 304, 76 (1983).
    • (1983) Nature , vol.304 , pp. 76
    • Rogers, G.N.1
  • 45
    • 23844487765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • L. Glaser et al., J. Virol. 79, 11533 (2005).
    • (2005) J. Virol. , vol.79 , pp. 11533
    • Glaser, L.1
  • 46
    • 33645975930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Avian H1 bound only to nonbranched glycans and to sulfated and/or negatively charged glycans (Figs. 4C and 5, A to C). The single E190D mutation reduced binding to most α2-3 glycans, except to sulfated sialosides (Fig. 5A). These results suggest mutation at both 190 and 225 positions is always a requirement for H1 serotypes to adapt to a human host.
  • 48
    • 33646007193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The E190D mutation (Fig. 5D) reduced overall binding of α2-3 ligands and glycoproteins, except for the sulfated and/or negatively charged glycans (nos. 18, 20, 24, 25, and 38). The G225D mutation (Fig. 5E) appeared to have little effect on the binding profile, in contrast to avian H1, where binding was not detected (Fig. 5B). The double mutant (E190D,G225D) did not bind to any glycan on the array (see Fig. 5F).
  • 49
    • 12144288130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • S. J. Gamblin et al., Science 303, 1838 (2004).
    • (2004) Science , vol.303 , pp. 1838
    • Gamblin, S.J.1
  • 50
    • 33645996480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • 190. Experiments are in progress to test this notion.
  • 51
    • 33645969376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The Q226L mutation eliminated binding to the microarray, except for two negatively charged α2-3 glycans [with either an extra sialic acid on the 6-position of a GalNAc (no. 20) or 6-sulfation on GlcNAc with a branched fucose (no. 25)]. The G2285 mutation did not have any significant effect compared with Viet04, except that sialosides with sulfation on the 6-position of the galactose, with or without branched fucosylation on the GlcNAc (nos. 12, 37) were tolerated. Stronger binding was observed for fucosylated glycans (nos. 26 to 29), and reduced binding was observed for sialosides-with β1-3 linkages between the galactose and GlcNAc/GalNAc (nos. 21 to 23) (Fig. 5H). In addition to 6′-sialyllactose (no. 49), as seen for Viet04, binding was observed for α2-6 biantennary structures (nos. 56 and 57). The double mutant (Q226L,G228S) showed reduced binding to α2-3 sialosides. Only sulfated and long-chain glycans were tolerated (nos. 16, 20, 24, 25, 35), but binding to α2-6 biantennary structures (nos. 56 and 57), as with the G2285 mutation, was also maintained.
  • 54
    • 33645996800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See glycan structure database (www.functionalglycomics. org).
  • 59
    • 33645965985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Attenuated viruses with a 5227N mutation led to higher hemagglutinin inhibition titers in ferrets (60). Thus, enhanced binding to α2-3 ligands, especially to 6-sulfated GalNAc, could lead to an increased uptake into antigen-presenting cells and subsequent antibody production.
  • 61
    • 33646016679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • 227.
  • 62
    • 33646008954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consortium for Functional Glycomics (www//functionalglycomics. org).
  • 66
    • 33646014851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • W. L. Delano (2002); (www.pymol.org).
    • (2002)
    • Delano, W.L.1
  • 67
    • 33646010124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The work was supported in part by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases grant AI058113 (I.A.W., T.T., J.K.T.); National Institute of General Medical Sciences grants GM062116 (to J.C.P., I.A.W.) and GM060938 (to J.C.P.); and partial support from NIH grants to I.A.W. (CA55896 and AI42266). We thank P. Palese and L. Glaser (Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York) for providing the full-length clone of A/Vietnam/1203/2004; the staff of the Advanced Light Source Beamline 8.2.2 for the beamline assistance; X. Dai, S. Ferguson, P. Carney, and J. Vanhnasy (The Scripps Research Institute) for expert technical assistance; and R. Stanfield and M. Elsliger (The Scripps Research Institute) for helpful discussions. This is publication 17916-MB from The Scripps Research Institute. Coordinates and structure factors have been deposited in the Protein Data Bank (code 2FK0) and will be released on publication.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.