메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 112, Issue 9, 2004, Pages 987-994

Recent developments in low-level lead exposure and intellectual impairment in children

Author keywords

Children; Cognitive function; Intellectual impairment; IQ; Lead exposure

Indexed keywords

LEAD;

EID: 3142740454     PISSN: 00916765     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1289/ehp.6941     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (333)

References (87)
  • 1
    • 0035175209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationships between blood lead concentrations, intelligence, and academic achievement of Saudi Arabian schoolgirls
    • Al-Saleh I, Nester M, DeVol E, Shinwari N, Munchari L, Al-Shahria S. 2001. Relationships between blood lead concentrations, intelligence, and academic achievement of Saudi Arabian schoolgirls. Int J Hyg Environ Health 204:165-174.
    • (2001) Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health , vol.204 , pp. 165-174
    • Al-Saleh, I.1    Nester, M.2    DeVol, E.3    Shinwari, N.4    Munchari, L.5    Al-Shahria, S.6
  • 2
    • 0026744045 scopus 로고
    • Environmental exposure to lead and children's intelligence at the age of seven years. The Port Pirie Cohort Study
    • Baghurst PA, McMichael AJ, Wigg NR, Vimpani GV, Robertson EF, Roberts RJ, et al. 1992. Environmental exposure to lead and children's intelligence at the age of seven years. The Port Pirie Cohort Study. N Engl J Med 327:1279-1284.
    • (1992) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.327 , pp. 1279-1284
    • Baghurst, P.A.1    McMichael, A.J.2    Wigg, N.R.3    Vimpani, G.V.4    Robertson, E.F.5    Roberts, R.J.6
  • 3
    • 0033970781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect modification in epidemiologic studies of low-level neurotoxicant exposures and health outcomes
    • Bellinger DC. 2000. Effect modification in epidemiologic studies of low-level neurotoxicant exposures and health outcomes. Neurotoxicol Teratol 22:133-140.
    • (2000) Neurotoxicol. Teratol. , vol.22 , pp. 133-140
    • Bellinger, D.C.1
  • 4
    • 0036064557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethical challenges in conducting pediatric environmental health research
    • [Introduction]
    • Bellinger DC, Dietrich KN. 2002. Ethical challenges in conducting pediatric environmental health research [Introduction]. Neurotoxicol Teratol 24:443.
    • (2002) Neurotoxicol. Teratol. , vol.24 , pp. 443
    • Bellinger, D.C.1    Dietrich, K.N.2
  • 5
    • 0041842629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intellectual impairment and blood lead levels
    • [Letter]
    • Bellinger DC, Needleman HL. 2003. Intellectual impairment and blood lead levels [Letter]. N Engl J Med 249(5):500-502.
    • (2003) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.249 , Issue.5 , pp. 500-502
    • Bellinger, D.C.1    Needleman, H.L.2
  • 6
    • 0035043138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavioral teratology/toxicology: How do we know what we know?
    • Brown RT. 2001. Behavioral teratology/toxicology: how do we know what we know? Arch Clin Neuropsychol 16:389-402.
    • (2001) Arch. Clin. Neuropsychol. , vol.16 , pp. 389-402
    • Brown, R.T.1
  • 10
    • 0035351050 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of elevated blood lead levels among children living in foster care, their siblings, and the general population
    • Chung EK, Webb D, Clampet-Lundquist S, Campbell C. 2001. A comparison of elevated blood lead levels among children living in foster care, their siblings, and the general population. Pediatrics 107(5):E81.
    • (2001) Pediatrics , vol.107 , Issue.5
    • Chung, E.K.1    Webb, D.2    Clampet-Lundquist, S.3    Campbell, C.4
  • 11
    • 0036592014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lead and the developing nervous system
    • De Gennaro LD. 2002. Lead and the developing nervous system. Growth Dev Aging 66:43-50.
    • (2002) Growth Dev. Aging , vol.66 , pp. 43-50
    • De Gennaro, L.D.1
  • 13
    • 0036498264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein kinase C activation is required for the lead-induced inhibition of proliferation and differentiation of cultured obligodendroglial progenitor cells
    • Deng W, Poretz RD. 2002. Protein kinase C activation is required for the lead-induced inhibition of proliferation and differentiation of cultured obligodendroglial progenitor cells. Brain Res 929:87-95.
    • (2002) Brain Res. , vol.929 , pp. 87-95
    • Deng, W.1    Poretz, R.D.2
  • 14
    • 0027533327 scopus 로고
    • Lead exposure and the motor development status of urban six-year-old children in the Cincinnati Prospective Study
    • Dietrich KN, Berger OG, Succop PA. 1993. Lead exposure and the motor development status of urban six-year-old children in the Cincinnati Prospective Study. Pediatrics 91:301-307.
    • (1993) Pediatrics , vol.91 , pp. 301-307
    • Dietrich, K.N.1    Berger, O.G.2    Succop, P.A.3
  • 15
    • 0033064256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Language-related cognitive declines after left temporal lobectomy in children
    • Dlugos DJ, Moss EM, Duhaime AC, Brooks-Kayal AR. 1999. Language-related cognitive declines after left temporal lobectomy in children. Pediatr Neurology 21(1):444-449.
    • (1999) Pediatr. Neurology , vol.21 , Issue.1 , pp. 444-449
    • Dlugos, D.J.1    Moss, E.M.2    Duhaime, A.C.3    Brooks-Kayal, A.R.4
  • 16
    • 0037441496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overview of lead remediation effectiveness
    • Elias RW, Gulson B. 2003. Overview of lead remediation effectiveness. Sci Total Environ 303:1-13.
    • (2003) Sci. Total Environ. , vol.303 , pp. 1-13
    • Elias, R.W.1    Gulson, B.2
  • 19
    • 0037743485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International environmental health for the pediatrician: Case study of lead poisoning
    • Falk H. 2003. International environmental health for the pediatrician: case study of lead poisoning. Pediatrics 112:259-264.
    • (2003) Pediatrics , vol.112 , pp. 259-264
    • Falk, H.1
  • 20
    • 0037174620 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxicology. Overhaul of CDC panel revives lead safety debate
    • Ferber D. 2002. Toxicology. Overhaul of CDC panel revives lead safety debate. Science 298:732.
    • (2002) Science , vol.298 , pp. 732
    • Ferber, D.1
  • 21
    • 0842308205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating the global burden of disease of mild mental retardation and cardiovascular diseases from environmental lead exposure
    • Fewtrell LJ, Prüss-Ustün A, Landrigan P, Ayuso-Mateos JL. 2004. Estimating the global burden of disease of mild mental retardation and cardiovascular diseases from environmental lead exposure. Environ Res 94:120-133.
    • (2004) Environ. Res. , vol.94 , pp. 120-133
    • Fewtrell, L.J.1    Prüss-Ustün, A.2    Landrigan, P.3    Ayuso-Mateos, J.L.4
  • 22
    • 0034739999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood lead levels among children aged 1 to 5 years in Wuxi City, China
    • Gao W, Li Z, Kaufman RB, Jones RL, Wang Z, Chen XZ, et al. 2001. Blood lead levels among children aged 1 to 5 years in Wuxi City, China. Environ Res 87(1):11-19.
    • (2001) Environ. Res. , vol.87 , Issue.1 , pp. 11-19
    • Gao, W.1    Li, Z.2    Kaufman, R.B.3    Jones, R.L.4    Wang, Z.5    Chen, X.Z.6
  • 24
    • 0036368167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood blood lead and cognition
    • [Letter]
    • Gee A, McKay C. 2002. Childhood blood lead and cognition [Letter]. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 40:519-520.
    • (2002) J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. , vol.40 , pp. 519-520
    • Gee, A.1    McKay, C.2
  • 25
    • 0009536103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ALSPAC study on lead in children
    • Report R9 (Gompertz D, ed). Leicester, UK:MRC Institute for Environment and Health
    • Golding J, Smith M, Delves HT, Taylor H. 1998. The ALSPAC study on lead in children. In: Recent UK Blood Lead Surveys, Report R9 (Gompertz D, ed). Leicester, UK:MRC Institute for Environment and Health, 35-39.
    • (1998) Recent UK Blood Lead Surveys , pp. 35-39
    • Golding, J.1    Smith, M.2    Delves, H.T.3    Taylor, H.4
  • 26
    • 1542377371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environment toxins; their impact on children's health
    • Grigg J. 2004. Environment toxins; their impact on children's health. Arch Dis Child 89:244-250.
    • (2004) Arch. Dis. Child , vol.89 , pp. 244-250
    • Grigg, J.1
  • 27
    • 0034548647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting IQ of biologically "at risk" children from age 3 to school entry: Sensitivity and specificity of the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale IV
    • Grunau RE, Whitfield MF, Petrie J. 2000. Predicting IQ of biologically "at risk" children from age 3 to school entry: sensitivity and specificity of the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale IV. J Dev Behav Pediatr 2:401-410.
    • (2000) J. Dev. Behav. Pediatr. , vol.2 , pp. 401-410
    • Grunau, R.E.1    Whitfield, M.F.2    Petrie, J.3
  • 28
    • 0037231769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental enrichment reverses cognitive and molecular deficits induced by developmental lead exposure
    • Guilarte TR, Toscano CD, McGlothan JL, Weaver SA. 2003. Environmental enrichment reverses cognitive and molecular deficits induced by developmental lead exposure. Ann Neurol 53:50-56.
    • (2003) Ann. Neurol. , vol.53 , pp. 50-56
    • Guilarte, T.R.1    Toscano, C.D.2    McGlothan, J.L.3    Weaver, S.A.4
  • 29
    • 0035050436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low lead levels and neuropsychological assessment: Let us not be misled
    • [Commentary]
    • Hebben N. 2001. Low lead levels and neuropsychological assessment: let us not be misled [Commentary]. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 16:353-357.
    • (2001) Arch. Clin. Neuropsychol. , vol.16 , pp. 353-357
    • Hebben, N.1
  • 30
    • 84917121889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent Blood Lead Surveys. Report R9
    • IEH. Leicester, UK:MRC Institute for Environment and Health
    • IEH. 1998. Recent Blood Lead Surveys. Report R9. Leicester, UK:MRC Institute for Environment and Health.
    • (1998)
  • 31
    • 0942265279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preventing lead poisoning in children: Can the US experience inform other countries? The case of Poland
    • Jarosinska D, Rogan WJ. 2003. Preventing lead poisoning in children: can the US experience inform other countries? The case of Poland. Cent Eur J Public Health 11:192-197.
    • (2003) Cent. Eur. J. Public Health , vol.11 , pp. 192-197
    • Jarosinska, D.1    Rogan, W.J.2
  • 33
    • 0035052144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do low levels of lead produce IQ loss in children? A careful examination of the literature
    • Kaufman AS. 2001a. Do low levels of lead produce IQ loss in children? A careful examination of the literature. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 16:303-341.
    • (2001) Arch. Clin. Neuropsychol. , vol.16 , pp. 303-341
    • Kaufman, A.S.1
  • 34
    • 0035046974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How dangerous are low (not moderate or high) doses of lead for children's intellectual development?
    • Kaufman AS. 2001b. How dangerous are low (not moderate or high) doses of lead for children's intellectual development? Arch Clin Neuropsychol 16:403-431.
    • (2001) Arch. Clin. Neuropsychol. , vol.16 , pp. 403-431
    • Kaufman, A.S.1
  • 35
    • 0034618728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stimulatory and inhibitory effects of inorganic lead on calcineurin
    • Kern M, Audesirk G. 2000. Stimulatory and inhibitory effects of inorganic lead on calcineurin. Toxicology 150:171-178.
    • (2000) Toxicology , vol.150 , pp. 171-178
    • Kern, M.1    Audesirk, G.2
  • 36
    • 0034446539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive deficits associated with blood lead concentrations < 10 μg/dL in US children and adolescents
    • Lanphear BP, Dietrich KN, Auinger P, Cox C. 2000. Cognitive deficits associated with blood lead concentrations < 10 μg/dL in US children and adolescents. Public Health Rep 115:521-529.
    • (2000) Public Health Rep. , vol.115 , pp. 521-529
    • Lanphear, B.P.1    Dietrich, K.N.2    Auinger, P.3    Cox, C.4
  • 38
    • 0033059308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary prevention of childhood lead exposure: A randomized trial of dust control
    • Lanphear BP, Howard C, Eberly S, Auinger P, Kolassa J, Weitzman M, et al. 1999. Primary prevention of childhood lead exposure: a randomized trial of dust control. Pediatrics 103:772-777.
    • (1999) Pediatrics , vol.103 , pp. 772-777
    • Lanphear, B.P.1    Howard, C.2    Eberly, S.3    Auinger, P.4    Kolassa, J.5    Weitzman, M.6
  • 39
    • 0037361191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of soil abatement on blood lead levels in children living near a former smelting and milling operation
    • Lanphear BP, Succop P, Roda S, Henningsen G. 2003. The effect of soil abatement on blood lead levels in children living near a former smelting and milling operation. Public Health Rep 118:83-91.
    • (2003) Public Health Rep. , vol.118 , pp. 83-91
    • Lanphear, B.P.1    Succop, P.2    Roda, S.3    Henningsen, G.4
  • 40
    • 0037023197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Different trends in modulation of NMDAR1 and NMDAR2B gene expression in cultured cortical and hippocampal neurons after lead exposure
    • Lau WK, Yeung CW, Lui PW, Cheung LH, Poon NT, Yung KKL. 2002. Different trends in modulation of NMDAR1 and NMDAR2B gene expression in cultured cortical and hippocampal neurons after lead exposure. Brain Res 932:10-24.
    • (2002) Brain Res. , vol.932 , pp. 10-24
    • Lau, W.K.1    Yeung, C.W.2    Lui, P.W.3    Cheung, L.H.4    Poon, N.T.5    Yung, K.K.L.6
  • 41
    • 0034804366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Should children with developmental and behavioural problems be routinely screened for lead?
    • Lewendon G, Kinra S, Nelder R, Cronin T. 2001. Should children with developmental and behavioural problems be routinely screened for lead? Arch Dis Child 85:286-288.
    • (2001) Arch. Dis. Child , vol.85 , pp. 286-288
    • Lewendon, G.1    Kinra, S.2    Nelder, R.3    Cronin, T.4
  • 42
    • 0008812880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metals
    • 2nd ed. (LaDou J, ed). Stamford, CT:Appleton and Lange
    • Lewis RL. 1997. Metals. In: Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 2nd ed. (LaDou J, ed). Stamford, CT:Appleton and Lange, 405-439.
    • (1997) Occupational and Environmental Medicine , pp. 405-439
    • Lewis, R.L.1
  • 43
    • 0037227997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lead neurotoxicity in children: Basic mechanisms and clinical correlates
    • Lidsky TI, Schneider JS. 2003. Lead neurotoxicity in children: basic mechanisms and clinical correlates. Brain 126:5-19.
    • (2003) Brain , vol.126 , pp. 5-19
    • Lidsky, T.I.1    Schneider, J.S.2
  • 44
    • 0034424775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between residential lead exposures and elevated blood levels in a rural mining community
    • Lynch RA, Malcoe LH, Skaggs VJ, Kegler MC. 2000. The relationship between residential lead exposures and elevated blood levels in a rural mining community. J Environ Health 63:9-15.
    • (2000) J. Environ. Health , vol.63 , pp. 9-15
    • Lynch, R.A.1    Malcoe, L.H.2    Skaggs, V.J.3    Kegler, M.C.4
  • 48
    • 0035996293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Research ethics in pediatric environmental health: Lessons from lead
    • [Commentary]
    • Mielke HW. 2002. Research ethics in pediatric environmental health: lessons from lead [Commentary]. Neurotoxicol Teratol 24:467-469.
    • (2002) Neurotoxicol. Teratol. , vol.24 , pp. 467-469
    • Mielke, H.W.1
  • 49
    • 0031967711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soil is an important pathway of human lead exposure
    • Mielke HW, Reagan PL. 1998. Soil is an important pathway of human lead exposure. Environ Health Perspect 106(suppl 1):217-229.
    • (1998) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.106 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 217-229
    • Mielke, H.W.1    Reagan, P.L.2
  • 50
    • 0035996290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Studies of pervasive toxic contaminants in children: Staying the ethical course
    • [Commentary]
    • Mushak P. 2002. Studies of pervasive toxic contaminants in children: staying the ethical course [Commentary]. Neurotoxicol Teratol 24:463-465.
    • (2002) Neurotoxicol. Teratol. , vol.24 , pp. 463-465
    • Mushak, P.1
  • 51
    • 0035046912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-level lead exposure and intelligence in children
    • Nation JR, Gleaves DH. 2001. Low-level lead exposure and intelligence in children. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 16:375-388.
    • (2001) Arch. Clin. Neuropsychol. , vol.16 , pp. 375-388
    • Nation, J.R.1    Gleaves, D.H.2
  • 52
    • 0029075409 scopus 로고
    • Environmental lead and children's intelligence. Studies included in the meta-analysis are not representative
    • [Letter]
    • Needleman HL. 1995. Environmental lead and children's intelligence. Studies included in the meta-analysis are not representative [Letter]. Br Med J 310:1408.
    • (1995) Br. Med. J. , vol.310 , pp. 1408
    • Needleman, H.L.1
  • 53
    • 0035996308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What is not found in the spreadsheets
    • [Commentary]
    • Needleman HL. 2002. What is not found in the spreadsheets [Commentary]. Neurotoxicol Teratol 24:459-461.
    • (2002) Neurotoxicol. Teratol. , vol.24 , pp. 459-461
    • Needleman, H.L.1
  • 54
    • 0035046255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Studies of lead exposure and the developing central nervous system: A reply to Kaufman
    • Needleman HL, Bellinger D. 2001. Studies of lead exposure and the developing central nervous system: a reply to Kaufman. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 16:359-374.
    • (2001) Arch. Clin. Neuropsychol. , vol.16 , pp. 359-374
    • Needleman, H.L.1    Bellinger, D.2
  • 56
    • 0035996288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Appropriate risk exposure in environmental health research. The Kennedy-Krieger lead abatement study
    • Nelson RM. 2002. Appropriate risk exposure in environmental health research. The Kennedy-Krieger lead abatement study. Neurotoxicol Teratol 24:445-449.
    • (2002) Neurotoxicol. Teratol. , vol.24 , pp. 445-449
    • Nelson, R.M.1
  • 57
    • 3142702995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental lead exposure and neuro-developmental outcome in Danish preschool children
    • [Commentary]
    • Nielsen U, Kamp JJ, Grandjean P, White RF. 2000. Environmental lead exposure and neuro-developmental outcome in Danish preschool children [Commentary]. Neurotoxicology 21:896-897.
    • (2000) Neurotoxicology , vol.21 , pp. 896-897
    • Nielsen, U.1    Kamp, J.J.2    Grandjean, P.3    White, R.F.4
  • 58
    • 0035211367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2+: Association with deficits of LTP and spatial learning
    • 2+: association with deficits of LTP and spatial learning. Neurotoxicology 22:635-643.
    • (2001) Neurotoxicology , vol.22 , pp. 635-643
    • Nihei, M.K.1    Guilarte, T.R.2
  • 59
    • 0031659646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood lead in U.K. children - Time for a lower action level?
    • O'Donohoe J, Chalkley S, Richmond J, Barltrop D. 1998. Blood lead in U.K. children - time for a lower action level? Clin Sci 95:219-223.
    • (1998) Clin. Sci. , vol.95 , pp. 219-223
    • O'Donohoe, J.1    Chalkley, S.2    Richmond, J.3    Barltrop, D.4
  • 60
    • 0036832481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Controversies regarding low blood lead level harm
    • O'Dowd P. 2002. Controversies regarding low blood lead level harm. Med Health R I 85:345-348.
    • (2002) Med. Health R. I. , vol.85 , pp. 345-348
    • O'Dowd, P.1
  • 61
    • 17144468149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of intrauterine exposure versus postnatal environment in neurodevelopmental toxicity: Long-term neurobehavioral studies in children at risk for developmental disorders
    • Ornoy A. 2003. The impact of intrauterine exposure versus postnatal environment in neurodevelopmental toxicity: long-term neurobehavioral studies in children at risk for developmental disorders. Toxicol Lett 140-141:171-181.
    • (2003) Toxicol. Lett. , vol.140-141 , pp. 171-181
    • Ornoy, A.1
  • 62
    • 0034757921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental outcome of school-age children born to mothers with heroin dependency: Importance of environmental factors
    • Ornoy A, Segal J, Bar-Hamburger R, Greenbaum C. 2001. Developmental outcome of school-age children born to mothers with heroin dependency: importance of environmental factors. Dev Med Child Neurol 43:668-675.
    • (2001) Dev. Med. Child Neurol. , vol.43 , pp. 668-675
    • Ornoy, A.1    Segal, J.2    Bar-Hamburger, R.3    Greenbaum, C.4
  • 63
    • 0032146146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3-fold increase in human blood lead concentrations
    • 3-fold increase in human blood lead concentrations. Environ Res 78(2):134-139.
    • (1998) Environ. Res. , vol.78 , Issue.2 , pp. 134-139
    • Owen, B.D.1    Flegal, A.R.2
  • 64
    • 0035996294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Commentary on the Kennedy Krieger Institute Lead Paint Repair and Maintenance Study
    • Pinder L. 2002. Commentary on the Kennedy Krieger Institute Lead Paint Repair and Maintenance Study. Neurotoxicol Teratol 24:477-479.
    • (2002) Neurotoxicol. Teratol. , vol.24 , pp. 477-479
    • Pinder, L.1
  • 66
    • 85047693759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lead levels among children who live in public housing
    • Rabito FA, Shorter C, White LE. 2003. Lead levels among children who live in public housing. Epidemiology 14:263-268.
    • (2003) Epidemiology , vol.14 , pp. 263-268
    • Rabito, F.A.1    Shorter, C.2    White, L.E.3
  • 67
    • 0036940789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lead-associated deficits in stature, mental ability and behaviour in children in Karachi
    • Rahman A, Maqbool E, Zuberi HS. 2002. Lead-associated deficits in stature, mental ability and behaviour in children in Karachi. Ann Trop Paediatr 22:301-311.
    • (2002) Ann. Trop. Paediatr. , vol.22 , pp. 301-311
    • Rahman, A.1    Maqbool, E.2    Zuberi, H.S.3
  • 69
    • 0035837556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of chelation therapy with succimer on neuropsychological development in children exposed to lead
    • Rogan WJ, Dietrich KN, Ware JH, Dockery DW, Salganik M, Radcliffe J, et al. 2001. The effect of chelation therapy with succimer on neuropsychological development in children exposed to lead. N Engl J Med 344:1421-1426.
    • (2001) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.344 , pp. 1421-1426
    • Rogan, W.J.1    Dietrich, K.N.2    Ware, J.H.3    Dockery, D.W.4    Salganik, M.5    Radcliffe, J.6
  • 71
    • 0035970752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enriched environment during development is protective against lead-induced neurotoxicity
    • Schneider JS, Lee MH, Anderson DW, Zuck L, Lidsky TI. 2001. Enriched environment during development is protective against lead-induced neurotoxicity. Brain Res 896:48-55.
    • (2001) Brain Res. , vol.896 , pp. 48-55
    • Schneider, J.S.1    Lee, M.H.2    Anderson, D.W.3    Zuck, L.4    Lidsky, T.I.5
  • 73
    • 0038410129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Yearly measurements of blood lead in Swedish children since 1978: An update focusing on the petrol lead free period 1995-2001
    • Strömberg U, Lundh T, Schütz A, Skerfving S. 2003. Yearly measurements of blood lead in Swedish children since 1978: an update focusing on the petrol lead free period 1995-2001. Occup Environ Med 60:370-372.
    • (2003) Occup. Environ. Med. , vol.60 , pp. 370-372
    • Strömberg, U.1    Lundh, T.2    Schütz, A.3    Skerfving, S.4
  • 74
    • 0029971110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lifetime exposure to environmental lead and children's intelligence at 11-13 years: The Port Pirie cohort study
    • Tong S, Baghurst P, McMichael A, Sawyer M, Mudge J. 1996. Lifetime exposure to environmental lead and children's intelligence at 11-13 years: the Port Pirie cohort study. Br Med J 312:1569-1575.
    • (1996) Br. Med. J. , vol.312 , pp. 1569-1575
    • Tong, S.1    Baghurst, P.2    McMichael, A.3    Sawyer, M.4    Mudge, J.5
  • 75
    • 0032501351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Declining blood levels and changes in cognitive function during childhood: The Port Pirie cohort study
    • Tong S, Baghurst PA, Sawyer MG, Burns J, McMichael AJ. 1998. Declining blood levels and changes in cognitive function during childhood: the Port Pirie cohort study. JAMA 280:1915-1919.
    • (1998) JAMA , vol.280 , pp. 1915-1919
    • Tong, S.1    Baghurst, P.A.2    Sawyer, M.G.3    Burns, J.4    McMichael, A.J.5
  • 76
    • 0035182459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of confounders in the assessment of the relationship between exposure and child development
    • Tong S, Lu AY. 2001. Identification of confounders in the assessment of the relationship between exposure and child development. Ann Epidemiol 11:38-45.
    • (2001) Ann. Epidemiol. , vol.11 , pp. 38-45
    • Tong, S.1    Lu, A.Y.2
  • 77
    • 0033752785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interactions between environmental lead exposure and sociodemographic factors on cognitive development
    • Tong S, McMichael AJ, Baghurst PA. 2000. Interactions between environmental lead exposure and sociodemographic factors on cognitive development. Arch Environ Health 55:330-335.
    • (2000) Arch. Environ. Health , vol.55 , pp. 330-335
    • Tong, S.1    McMichael, A.J.2    Baghurst, P.A.3
  • 79
    • 0031762635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive and sensorimotor functions in 6-year-old children in relation to lead and mercury levels: Adjustment for intelligence and contrast sensitivity in computerized testing
    • Walkowiak J, Altmann L, Krämer U, Sveinsson K, Turfeld M, Weishoff-Houben M, et al. 1998. Cognitive and sensorimotor functions in 6-year-old children in relation to lead and mercury levels: adjustment for intelligence and contrast sensitivity in computerized testing. Neurotoxicol Teratol 20:511-521.
    • (1998) Neurotoxicol. Teratol. , vol.20 , pp. 511-521
    • Walkowiak, J.1    Altmann, L.2    Krämer, U.3    Sveinsson, K.4    Turfeld, M.5    Weishoff-Houben, M.6
  • 80
    • 0036565456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between blood lead concentrations and learning achievement among primary school children in Taiwan
    • Wang CL, Chuang HY, Ho CK, Yang CH, Tsai JL, Wu TS, et al. 2002. Relationship between blood lead concentrations and learning achievement among primary school children in Taiwan. Environ Res 89:12-18.
    • (2002) Environ. Res. , vol.89 , pp. 12-18
    • Wang, C.L.1    Chuang, H.Y.2    Ho, C.K.3    Yang, C.H.4    Tsai, J.L.5    Wu, T.S.6
  • 81
    • 0035043197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methodology, inference and causation: Environmental lead exposure and childhood intelligence
    • Wasserman GA, Factor-Litvak P. 2001. Methodology, inference and causation: environmental lead exposure and childhood intelligence. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 16:343-352.
    • (2001) Arch. Clin. Neuropsychol. , vol.16 , pp. 343-352
    • Wasserman, G.A.1    Factor-Litvak, P.2
  • 82
    • 0030733182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lead exposure and intelligence in 7-year-old children: The Yugoslavia Prospective Study
    • Wasserman GA, Liu X, Lolacono NJ, et al. 1997. Lead exposure and intelligence in 7-year-old children: The Yugoslavia Prospective Study. Environ Health Perspect 105:956-962.
    • (1997) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.105 , pp. 956-962
    • Wasserman, G.A.1    Liu, X.2    Lolacono, N.J.3
  • 83
    • 0033674438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Yugoslavia Prospective Lead Study: Contributions of prenatal and postnatal lead exposure to early intelligence
    • Wasserman GA, Liu X, Popovac D, Factor-Litvak P, Kline J, Waternaux C, et al. 2000. The Yugoslavia Prospective Lead Study: contributions of prenatal and postnatal lead exposure to early intelligence. Neurotoxicol Teratol 22:811-818.
    • (2000) Neurotoxicol. Teratol. , vol.22 , pp. 811-818
    • Wasserman, G.A.1    Liu, X.2    Popovac, D.3    Factor-Litvak, P.4    Kline, J.5    Waternaux, C.6
  • 84
    • 0033926801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vulnerability of children and the developing brain to neurotoxic hazards
    • Weiss B. 2000. Vulnerability of children and the developing brain to neurotoxic hazards. Environ Health Perspect 108(suppl 3):375-381.
    • (2000) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.108 , Issue.SUPPL. 3 , pp. 375-381
    • Weiss, B.1
  • 85
    • 0003678232 scopus 로고
    • Inorganic Lead. International Programme on Chemical Safety, Environmental Health Criteria 165
    • WHO. Geneva:World Health Organization. Available: [accessed 30 March 2004]
    • WHO. 1995. Inorganic Lead. International Programme on Chemical Safety, Environmental Health Criteria 165. Geneva:World Health Organization. Available: http://www.inchem.org/documents/ehc/ehc/ehc165.htm [accessed 30 March 2004].
    • (1995)
  • 86
    • 0021269511 scopus 로고
    • Neuropsychological effects of lead in children: Interactions with social backgriound variables
    • Winneke G, Krämer U. 1984 Neuropsychological effects of lead in children: interactions with social backgriound variables. Neuropsychobiology 11:195-202.
    • (1984) Neuropsychobiology , vol.11 , pp. 195-202
    • Winneke, G.1    Krämer, U.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.