메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 81, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 36-44

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and thrombosis

Author keywords

Heparin; Thrombocytopenia; Thrombosis

Indexed keywords

ARGATROBAN; COUMARIN DERIVATIVE; DRUG ANTIBODY; FIBRINOLYTIC AGENT; FONDAPARINUX; HEPARIN; HEPARIN ANTIBODY; HIRULOG; IMMUNOGLOBULIN A; IMMUNOGLOBULIN M; LEPIRUDIN; LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT HEPARIN; PENTASACCHARIDE; THROMBIN INHIBITOR; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; WARFARIN; XIMELAGATRAN;

EID: 30444448214     PISSN: 03618609     EISSN: 10968652     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/ajh.20490     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (68)

References (88)
  • 1
    • 0035125405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heparin and low-molecular-weight heparin: Mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, dosing, monitoring, efficacy, and safety
    • Hirsh J, Warkentin TE, Shaughnessy SG, et al. Heparin and low-molecular-weight heparin: mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, dosing, monitoring, efficacy, and safety. Chest 2001;119(Suppl 1): 64S-94S.
    • (2001) Chest , vol.119 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Hirsh, J.1    Warkentin, T.E.2    Shaughnessy, S.G.3
  • 2
    • 0001318176 scopus 로고
    • Arterial embolism occurring during systemic heparin therapy
    • Weismann RE, Tobin RW. Arterial embolism occurring during systemic heparin therapy. AMA Arch Surg 1958;76:219-225.
    • (1958) AMA Arch Surg , vol.76 , pp. 219-225
    • Weismann, R.E.1    Tobin, R.W.2
  • 3
    • 0001063765 scopus 로고
    • Heparin - A cause of arterial emboli?
    • Roberts B, Rosato FE, Rosato EF. Heparin - a cause of arterial emboli? Surgery 1964;55:803-808.
    • (1964) Surgery , vol.55 , pp. 803-808
    • Roberts, B.1    Rosato, F.E.2    Rosato, E.F.3
  • 5
    • 0141609865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
    • Chong BH. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: J Thromb Haemost 2003;1:1471-1478.
    • (2003) J Thromb Haemost , vol.1 , pp. 1471-1478
    • Chong, B.H.1
  • 6
    • 0038392539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: Pathogenesis and management
    • Warkentin TE. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: pathogenesis and management. Br J Haematol 2003;121:535-555.
    • (2003) Br J Haematol , vol.121 , pp. 535-555
    • Warkentin, T.E.1
  • 7
    • 0037236532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of bovine and porcine heparin in heparin antibody formation after cardiac surgery
    • rd, Moroose R, Drexler A. Comparison of bovine and porcine heparin in heparin antibody formation after cardiac surgery. Ann Thorac Surg 2003;75(1):17-22.
    • (2003) Ann Thorac Surg , vol.75 , Issue.1 , pp. 17-22
    • Francis, J.L.1    Palmer III, G.J.2    Moroose, R.3    Drexler, A.4
  • 8
    • 0032854536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) due to heparin flushes: A report of three cases
    • Kadidal VV, Mayo DJ, Horne MK. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) due to heparin flushes: a report of three cases. J Intern Med 1999;246(3):325-329.
    • (1999) J Intern Med , vol.246 , Issue.3 , pp. 325-329
    • Kadidal, V.V.1    Mayo, D.J.2    Horne, M.K.3
  • 9
    • 0023889391 scopus 로고
    • Heparin-coated catheters and heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
    • Laster J, Silver D. Heparin-coated catheters and heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. J Vasc Surg 1988;7:667-672.
    • (1988) J Vasc Surg , vol.7 , pp. 667-672
    • Laster, J.1    Silver, D.2
  • 11
    • 0035953702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temporal aspects of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
    • Warkentin TE, Kelton JG. Temporal aspects of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. N Engl J Med 2001;344(17):1286-1292.
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.344 , Issue.17 , pp. 1286-1292
    • Warkentin, T.E.1    Kelton, J.G.2
  • 12
    • 0036881566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Platelet count monitoring and laboratory testing for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
    • Warkentin TE. Platelet count monitoring and laboratory testing for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2002;126:1415-1423.
    • (2002) Arch Pathol Lab Med , vol.126 , pp. 1415-1423
    • Warkentin, T.E.1
  • 14
    • 0033750311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia without thrombocytopenia in a patient with essential thrombocythemia
    • Houston DS. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia without thrombocytopenia in a patient with essential thrombocythemia. Am J Hematol 2000;65:331-332.
    • (2000) Am J Hematol , vol.65 , pp. 331-332
    • Houston, D.S.1
  • 15
    • 0035797925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delayed-onset heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and thrombosis
    • Warkentin TE, Kelton JG. Delayed-onset heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and thrombosis. Ann Intern Med 2001;135: 502-506.
    • (2001) Ann Intern Med , vol.135 , pp. 502-506
    • Warkentin, T.E.1    Kelton, J.G.2
  • 17
    • 0025027985 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral venous thrombosis due to heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
    • Kyritsis AP, Williams EC, Schutta HS. Cerebral venous thrombosis due to heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Stroke 1990;21:1503-1505.
    • (1990) Stroke , vol.21 , pp. 1503-1505
    • Kyritsis, A.P.1    Williams, E.C.2    Schutta, H.S.3
  • 19
    • 0032750469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia-thrombosis syndrome and bilateral adrenal haemorrhage after prophylactic heparin use
    • Rowland CH, Woodford PA, De Lisle-Hammond J, Nair B. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia-thrombosis syndrome and bilateral adrenal haemorrhage after prophylactic heparin use. Aust NZ J Med 1999;29:741-742.
    • (1999) Aust NZ J Med , vol.29 , pp. 741-742
    • Rowland, C.H.1    Woodford, P.A.2    De Lisle-Hammond, J.3    Nair, B.4
  • 22
    • 0033036712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adverse skin reactions to low molecular weight heparins: Frequency, management and prevention
    • Wutschert R, Piletta P, Bounameaux H. Adverse skin reactions to low molecular weight heparins: frequency, management and prevention. Drug Safety 1999;20:515-525.
    • (1999) Drug Safety , vol.20 , pp. 515-525
    • Wutschert, R.1    Piletta, P.2    Bounameaux, H.3
  • 23
    • 0016365620 scopus 로고
    • Disseminated intravascular coagulation during heparin therapy
    • Klein HG, Bell WR. Disseminated intravascular coagulation during heparin therapy. Ann Intern Med 1974;80:477-481.
    • (1974) Ann Intern Med , vol.80 , pp. 477-481
    • Klein, H.G.1    Bell, W.R.2
  • 24
    • 0037232709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia with pulmonary embolism and disseminated intravascular coagulation associated with low-molecular-weight heparin
    • Betrosian AP, Theodossiades G, Lambroulis G, et al. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia with pulmonary embolism and disseminated intravascular coagulation associated with low-molecular-weight heparin. Am J Med Sci 2003;325:45-47.
    • (2003) Am J Med Sci , vol.325 , pp. 45-47
    • Betrosian, A.P.1    Theodossiades, G.2    Lambroulis, G.3
  • 26
    • 0030281338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A 14-year study of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
    • Warkentin TE, Kelton JG. A 14-year study of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Am J Med 1996;101:502-507.
    • (1996) Am J Med , vol.101 , pp. 502-507
    • Warkentin, T.E.1    Kelton, J.G.2
  • 27
    • 0017709926 scopus 로고
    • Heparin induced thrombocytopenia: Eight cases with thrombotic-hemorrhagic complications
    • Rhodes GR, Dixon RH, Silver D. Heparin induced thrombocytopenia: eight cases with thrombotic-hemorrhagic complications. Ann Surg 1977;186:752-758.
    • (1977) Ann Surg , vol.186 , pp. 752-758
    • Rhodes, G.R.1    Dixon, R.H.2    Silver, D.3
  • 29
    • 0026638091 scopus 로고
    • Platelet factor 4 complexed to heparin is the target for antibodies generated in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
    • Amiral J, Bridey F, Dreyfus M, et al. Platelet factor 4 complexed to heparin is the target for antibodies generated in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Thromb Haemost 1992;68:95-96.
    • (1992) Thromb Haemost , vol.68 , pp. 95-96
    • Amiral, J.1    Bridey, F.2    Dreyfus, M.3
  • 30
    • 0028009642 scopus 로고
    • Antibodies from patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia/thrombosis are specific for platelet factor 4 complexed with heparin or bound to endothelial cells
    • Visentin GP, Ford SE, Scott JP, Aster RH. Antibodies from patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia/thrombosis are specific for platelet factor 4 complexed with heparin or bound to endothelial cells. J Clin Invest 1994;93:81-88.
    • (1994) J Clin Invest , vol.93 , pp. 81-88
    • Visentin, G.P.1    Ford, S.E.2    Scott, J.P.3    Aster, R.H.4
  • 31
    • 0028243705 scopus 로고
    • Immunoglobulin G from patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia binds to a complex of heparin and platelet factor 4
    • Kelton JG, Smith JW, Warkentin TE, Hayward CP, Denomme GA, Horsewood P. Immunoglobulin G from patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia binds to a complex of heparin and platelet factor 4. Blood 1994;83:3232-3239.
    • (1994) Blood , vol.83 , pp. 3232-3239
    • Kelton, J.G.1    Smith, J.W.2    Warkentin, T.E.3    Hayward, C.P.4    Denomme, G.A.5    Horsewood, P.6
  • 32
    • 0028014541 scopus 로고
    • Heparin-associated thrombocytopenia: Isolation of the antibody and characterization of a multimolecular PF4-heparin complex as the major antigen
    • Greinacher A, Potzsch B, Amiral J, Dummel V, Eichner A, Mueller-Eckhardt C. Heparin-associated thrombocytopenia: isolation of the antibody and characterization of a multimolecular PF4-heparin complex as the major antigen. Thromb Haemost 1994;71:247-251.
    • (1994) Thromb Haemost , vol.71 , pp. 247-251
    • Greinacher, A.1    Potzsch, B.2    Amiral, J.3    Dummel, V.4    Eichner, A.5    Mueller-Eckhardt, C.6
  • 33
    • 0032006889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibodies from patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia/thrombosis recognize different epitopes on heparin: Platelet factor 4
    • Suh JS, Aster RH, Visentin GP. Antibodies from patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia/thrombosis recognize different epitopes on heparin: platelet factor 4. Blood 1998;91:916-922.
    • (1998) Blood , vol.91 , pp. 916-922
    • Suh, J.S.1    Aster, R.H.2    Visentin, G.P.3
  • 34
    • 0037082459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defining a second epitope for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia/thrombosis antibodies using KKO, a murine HIT-like monoclonal antibody
    • Li ZQ, Liu W, Park KS, et al. Defining a second epitope for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia/thrombosis antibodies using KKO, a murine HIT-like monoclonal antibody. Blood 2002;99:1230-1236.
    • (2002) Blood , vol.99 , pp. 1230-1236
    • Li, Z.Q.1    Liu, W.2    Park, K.S.3
  • 35
    • 0034962770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heparin is not required for detection of antibodies associated with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia/thrombosis
    • Visentin GP, Moghaddam M, Beery SE, McFarland JG, Aster RH. Heparin is not required for detection of antibodies associated with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia/thrombosis. J Lab Clin Med 2001;138:22-31.
    • (2001) J Lab Clin Med , vol.138 , pp. 22-31
    • Visentin, G.P.1    Moghaddam, M.2    Beery, S.E.3    McFarland, J.G.4    Aster, R.H.5
  • 36
    • 28444474948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular immunopathogenesis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)
    • Warkentin TE, Greinacher A, editors New York: Marcel-Dekker Inc.
    • rd edition. New York: Marcel-Dekker Inc.; 2004. p 139-154.
    • (2004) rd Edition , pp. 139-154
    • Visentin, G.P.1    Liu, C.Y.2    Aster, R.H.3
  • 37
    • 0037948573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Laboratory diagnosis of immune heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
    • Warkentin TE, Heddle NM. Laboratory diagnosis of immune heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Curr Hematol Rep 2003;2: 148-157.
    • (2003) Curr Hematol Rep , vol.2 , pp. 148-157
    • Warkentin, T.E.1    Heddle, N.M.2
  • 38
    • 13244298145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Towards a diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia after cardiopulmonary bypass
    • Matthei WH, Cines DB. Towards a diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia after cardiopulmonary bypass. J Thromb Haemost 2004;1879-1881.
    • (2004) J Thromb Haemost , pp. 1879-1881
    • Matthei, W.H.1    Cines, D.B.2
  • 39
    • 13544251729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New approaches to the diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
    • Warkentin TE. New approaches to the diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Chest 2005;127(Suppl 2):35S-45S.
    • (2005) Chest , vol.127 , Issue.SUPPL. 2
    • Warkentin, T.E.1
  • 40
    • 0029591810 scopus 로고
    • 14C-serotonin release assay in the diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
    • 14C-serotonin release assay in the diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Am J Clin Pathol 1995;104:648-654.
    • (1995) Am J Clin Pathol , vol.104 , pp. 648-654
    • Arepally, G.1    Reynolds, C.2    Tomaski, A.3
  • 41
    • 0033580605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibodies to platelet factor 4-heparin after cardiopulmonary bypass in patients anticoagulated with unfractionated heparin or a low-molecular-weight heparin: Clinical implications for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
    • Pouplard C, May MA, Iochmann S, et al. Antibodies to platelet factor 4-heparin after cardiopulmonary bypass in patients anticoagulated with unfractionated heparin or a low-molecular-weight heparin: clinical implications for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Circulation 1999;99:2530-2536.
    • (1999) Circulation , vol.99 , pp. 2530-2536
    • Pouplard, C.1    May, M.A.2    Iochmann, S.3
  • 42
    • 0034937429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determination of heparin-platelet factor 4-IgG antibodies improves diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
    • Lindhoff-Last E, Gerdsen F, Ackermann H, Bauersachs R. Determination of heparin-platelet factor 4-IgG antibodies improves diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Br J Haematol 2001;113:886-890.
    • (2001) Br J Haematol , vol.113 , pp. 886-890
    • Lindhoff-Last, E.1    Gerdsen, F.2    Ackermann, H.3    Bauersachs, R.4
  • 43
    • 0037610515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An improved definition of immune heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in postoperative orthopedic patients
    • Warkentin TE, Roberts RS, Hirsh J, Kelton JG. An improved definition of immune heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in postoperative orthopedic patients. Arch Intern Med 2003;163:2518-2524.
    • (2003) Arch Intern Med , vol.163 , pp. 2518-2524
    • Warkentin, T.E.1    Roberts, R.S.2    Hirsh, J.3    Kelton, J.G.4
  • 44
    • 0030887879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of the humoral immune response in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
    • Suh JS, Malik MI, Aster RH, Visentin GP. Characterization of the humoral immune response in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Am J Hematol 1997;54:196-201.
    • (1997) Am J Hematol , vol.54 , pp. 196-201
    • Suh, J.S.1    Malik, M.I.2    Aster, R.H.3    Visentin, G.P.4
  • 45
    • 16944364063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of heparin-associated antibodies without thrombosis in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass surgery
    • Bauer TL, Arepally G, Konkle BA, et al. Prevalence of heparin-associated antibodies without thrombosis in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. Circulation 1997;95: 1242-1246.
    • (1997) Circulation , vol.95 , pp. 1242-1246
    • Bauer, T.L.1    Arepally, G.2    Konkle, B.A.3
  • 46
    • 0022640930 scopus 로고
    • A diagnostic test for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
    • Sheridan D, Carter C, Kelton JG. A diagnostic test for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Blood 1986;67:27-30.
    • (1986) Blood , vol.67 , pp. 27-30
    • Sheridan, D.1    Carter, C.2    Kelton, J.G.3
  • 47
    • 0033730964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathophysiology of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Clinical and diagnostic implications - A review
    • Fabris F, Ahmad S, Cella G, Jeske WP, Walenga JM, Fareed J. Pathophysiology of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Clinical and diagnostic implications - a review. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2000;124:1657-1666.
    • (2000) Arch Pathol Lab Med , vol.124 , pp. 1657-1666
    • Fabris, F.1    Ahmad, S.2    Cella, G.3    Jeske, W.P.4    Walenga, J.M.5    Fareed, J.6
  • 48
    • 0032926268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decision analysis for use of platelet aggregation test, carbon 14-serotonin release assay, and heparin-platelet factor 4 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
    • Pouplard C, Amiral J, Borg JY, Laporte-Simitsidis S, Delahousse B, Gruel Y. Decision analysis for use of platelet aggregation test, carbon 14-serotonin release assay, and heparin-platelet factor 4 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Am J Clin Pathol 1999;111:700-706.
    • (1999) Am J Clin Pathol , vol.111 , pp. 700-706
    • Pouplard, C.1    Amiral, J.2    Borg, J.Y.3    Laporte-Simitsidis, S.4    Delahousse, B.5    Gruel, Y.6
  • 49
    • 0027417775 scopus 로고
    • Platelet aggregation studies for the diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
    • Isenhart CE, Brandt JT. Platelet aggregation studies for the diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Am J Clin Pathol 1993;99:324-330.
    • (1993) Am J Clin Pathol , vol.99 , pp. 324-330
    • Isenhart, C.E.1    Brandt, J.T.2
  • 50
    • 0027413887 scopus 로고
    • The clinical usefulness of the platelet aggregation test for the diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
    • Chong BH, Burgess J, Ismail F. The clinical usefulness of the platelet aggregation test for the diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Thromb Haemost 1993;69:344-350.
    • (1993) Thromb Haemost , vol.69 , pp. 344-350
    • Chong, B.H.1    Burgess, J.2    Ismail, F.3
  • 51
    • 0028335456 scopus 로고
    • Laboratory diagnosis of heparin-associated thrombocytopenia and comparison of platelet aggregation test, heparin-induced platelet activation test, and platelet factor 4/heparin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
    • Greinacher A, Amiral J, Dummel V, Vissac A, Kiefel V, Mueller-Eckhardt C. Laboratory diagnosis of heparin-associated thrombocytopenia and comparison of platelet aggregation test, heparin-induced platelet activation test, and platelet factor 4/heparin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Transfusion 1994;34:381-385.
    • (1994) Transfusion , vol.34 , pp. 381-385
    • Greinacher, A.1    Amiral, J.2    Dummel, V.3    Vissac, A.4    Kiefel, V.5    Mueller-Eckhardt, C.6
  • 52
    • 0025951938 scopus 로고
    • A rapid and sensitive test for diagnosing heparin-associated thrombocytopenia
    • Greinacher A, Michels T, Kiefel V, Mueller-Eckhardt C. A rapid and sensitive test for diagnosing heparin-associated thrombocytopenia. Thromb Haemost 1991;66:734-736.
    • (1991) Thromb Haemost , vol.66 , pp. 734-736
    • Greinacher, A.1    Michels, T.2    Kiefel, V.3    Mueller-Eckhardt, C.4
  • 53
    • 0030964597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A sensitive and specific functional flow cytometric assay for the diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
    • Tomer A. A sensitive and specific functional flow cytometric assay for the diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Br J Haematol 1997;98:648-656.
    • (1997) Br J Haematol , vol.98 , pp. 648-656
    • Tomer, A.1
  • 54
    • 0032946370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determination of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: A rapid flow cytometric assay for direct demonstration of antibody-mediated platelet activation
    • Tomer A, Masalunga C, Abshire TC. Determination of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: a rapid flow cytometric assay for direct demonstration of antibody-mediated platelet activation. Am J Hematol 1999;61:53-61.
    • (1999) Am J Hematol , vol.61 , pp. 53-61
    • Tomer, A.1    Masalunga, C.2    Abshire, T.C.3
  • 55
    • 0030463618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A diagnostic test for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: Detection of platelet microparticles using flow cytometry
    • Lee DH, Warkentin TE, Denomme GA, Hayward CP, Kelton JG. A diagnostic test for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: detection of platelet microparticles using flow cytometry. Br J Haematol 1996;95:724-731.
    • (1996) Br J Haematol , vol.95 , pp. 724-731
    • Lee, D.H.1    Warkentin, T.E.2    Denomme, G.A.3    Hayward, C.P.4    Kelton, J.G.5
  • 56
    • 13544261746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thrombocytopenia in cardiovascular patients: Diagnosis and management
    • Matthai WH xJr. Thrombocytopenia in cardiovascular patients: diagnosis and management. Chest 2005;127(Suppl 2):46S-52S.
    • (2005) Chest , vol.127 , Issue.SUPPL. 2
    • Matthai Jr., W.H.1
  • 57
    • 13244282990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnostic score for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia after cardiopulmonary bypass
    • Lillo-Le Loue A, Boutoueyre TP, Alhenc-Gelas M, et al. Diagnostic score for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia after cardiopulmonary bypass. J Thromb Haemost 2004;2:1882-1888.
    • (2004) J Thromb Haemost , vol.2 , pp. 1882-1888
    • Lillo-Le Loue, A.1    Boutoueyre, T.P.2    Alhenc-Gelas, M.3
  • 58
    • 1242297625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: A critical review
    • Hirsh J, Heddle N, Kelton JG. Treatment of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: a critical review. Arch Intern Med 2004;164: 361-369.
    • (2004) Arch Intern Med , vol.164 , pp. 361-369
    • Hirsh, J.1    Heddle, N.2    Kelton, J.G.3
  • 59
    • 4644242157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: Recognition, treatment, and prevention: The seventh ACCP conference on antithrombotic and thrombolytic therapy
    • Warkentin TE, Greinacher A. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: recognition, treatment, and prevention: the Seventh ACCP Conference on Antithrombotic and Thrombolytic Therapy. Chest 2004;126(Suppl 3):311S-337S.
    • (2004) Chest , vol.126 , Issue.SUPPL. 3
    • Warkentin, T.E.1    Greinacher, A.2
  • 61
    • 0036733708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Venous limb gangrene during overlapping therapy with warfarin and a direct thrombin inhibitor for immune heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
    • Smythe MA, Warkentin TE, Stephens JL, Zakalik D, Mattson JC. Venous limb gangrene during overlapping therapy with warfarin and a direct thrombin inhibitor for immune heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Am J Hematol 2002;71:50-52.
    • (2002) Am J Hematol , vol.71 , pp. 50-52
    • Smythe, M.A.1    Warkentin, T.E.2    Stephens, J.L.3    Zakalik, D.4    Mattson, J.C.5
  • 62
    • 7144264421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atypical heparin-induced thrombocytopenia complicated by intracardiac thrombus, effectively treated with ultra-low-dose rt-PA lysis and recombinant hirudin (lepirudin)
    • Olbrich K, Wiersbitzky M, Wacke W, et al. Atypical heparin-induced thrombocytopenia complicated by intracardiac thrombus, effectively treated with ultra-low-dose rt-PA lysis and recombinant hirudin (lepirudin). Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 1998;9:273-277.
    • (1998) Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis , vol.9 , pp. 273-277
    • Olbrich, K.1    Wiersbitzky, M.2    Wacke, W.3
  • 63
    • 2942644895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: An overview
    • Greinacher A, Warkentin TE, editors New York: Marcel Dekker
    • rd edition. New York: Marcel Dekker; 2004. p 335-370.
    • (2004) rd Edition , pp. 335-370
    • Greinacher, A.1    Warkentin, T.E.2
  • 64
    • 0025935153 scopus 로고
    • Plasmapheresis. A therapeutic option in the management of heparin-associated thrombocytopenia with thrombosis
    • Brady J, Riccio JA, Yumen OH, Makary AZ, Greenwood SM. Plasmapheresis. A therapeutic option in the management of heparin-associated thrombocytopenia with thrombosis. Am J Clin Pathol 1991;96:394-397.
    • (1991) Am J Clin Pathol , vol.96 , pp. 394-397
    • Brady, J.1    Riccio, J.A.2    Yumen, O.H.3    Makary, A.Z.4    Greenwood, S.M.5
  • 65
    • 0031848373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia with thrombosis: Successful treatment with plasma exchange
    • Poullin P, Pietri PA, Lefevre P. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia with thrombosis: successful treatment with plasma exchange. Br J Haematol 1998;102:630-631.
    • (1998) Br J Haematol , vol.102 , pp. 630-631
    • Poullin, P.1    Pietri, P.A.2    Lefevre, P.3
  • 66
    • 0024351451 scopus 로고
    • Correction of severe heparin-associated thrombocytopenia with intravenous immunoglobulin
    • Frame JN, Mulvey KP, Phares JC, Anderson MJ. Correction of severe heparin-associated thrombocytopenia with intravenous immunoglobulin. Ann Intern Med 1989;111:946-947.
    • (1989) Ann Intern Med , vol.111 , pp. 946-947
    • Frame, J.N.1    Mulvey, K.P.2    Phares, J.C.3    Anderson, M.J.4
  • 67
    • 0026517902 scopus 로고
    • Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia-response to intravenous immunoglobulin in vivo and in vitro
    • Grau E, Linares M, Olaso MA, Ruvira J, Sanchis J. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia-response to intravenous immunoglobulin in vivo and in vitro. Am J Hematol 1992;39:312-313.
    • (1992) Am J Hematol , vol.39 , pp. 312-313
    • Grau, E.1    Linares, M.2    Olaso, M.A.3    Ruvira, J.4    Sanchis, J.5
  • 68
    • 0034966778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of danaparoid and lepirudin in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
    • Farner B, Eichler P, Kroll H, Greinacher A. A comparison of danaparoid and lepirudin in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Thromb Haemost 2001;85:950-957.
    • (2001) Thromb Haemost , vol.85 , pp. 950-957
    • Farner, B.1    Eichler, P.2    Kroll, H.3    Greinacher, A.4
  • 69
    • 0035836541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Argatroban anticoagulant therapy in patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
    • Lewis BE, Wallis DE, Berkowitz SD, et al. Argatroban anticoagulant therapy in patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Circulation 2001;103:1838-1843.
    • (2001) Circulation , vol.103 , pp. 1838-1843
    • Lewis, B.E.1    Wallis, D.E.2    Berkowitz, S.D.3
  • 70
    • 0029878458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathogenicity of IgA and/or IgM antibodies to heparin-PF4 complexes in patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
    • Amiral J, Wolf M, Fischer AM, Boyer-Neumann C, Vissac AM, Meyer D. Pathogenicity of IgA and/or IgM antibodies to heparin-PF4 complexes in patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Br J Haematol 1996;92:954-959.
    • (1996) Br J Haematol , vol.92 , pp. 954-959
    • Amiral, J.1    Wolf, M.2    Fischer, A.M.3    Boyer-Neumann, C.4    Vissac, A.M.5    Meyer, D.6
  • 71
    • 0028854433 scopus 로고
    • Antibodies to macromolecular platelet factor 4-heparin complexes in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: A study of 44 cases
    • Amiral J, Bridey F, Wolf M, et al. Antibodies to macromolecular platelet factor 4-heparin complexes in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: a study of 44 cases. Thromb Haemost 1995;73:21-28.
    • (1995) Thromb Haemost , vol.73 , pp. 21-28
    • Amiral, J.1    Bridey, F.2    Wolf, M.3
  • 72
    • 8944247264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Presence of autoantibodies to interleukin-8 or neutrophil-activating peptide-2 in patients with heparin-associated thrombocytopenia
    • Amiral J, Marfaing-Koka A, Wolf M, et al. Presence of autoantibodies to interleukin-8 or neutrophil-activating peptide-2 in patients with heparin-associated thrombocytopenia. Blood 1996;88:410-416.
    • (1996) Blood , vol.88 , pp. 410-416
    • Amiral, J.1    Marfaing-Koka, A.2    Wolf, M.3
  • 73
    • 0037441896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Platelet activation induced by human antibodies to interleukin-8
    • Regnault V, de Maistre E, Carteaux JP, et al. Platelet activation induced by human antibodies to interleukin-8. Blood 2003;101: 1419-1421.
    • (2003) Blood , vol.101 , pp. 1419-1421
    • Regnault, V.1    De Maistre, E.2    Carteaux, J.P.3
  • 74
    • 13244268431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thrombosis and ELISA optical density values in hospitalized patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
    • Zwicker JI, Uhl L, Huang WY, Shaz BH, Bauer KA. Thrombosis and ELISA optical density values in hospitalized patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. J Thromb Haemost 2004;2: 2133-2137.
    • (2004) J Thromb Haemost , vol.2 , pp. 2133-2137
    • Zwicker, J.I.1    Uhl, L.2    Huang, W.Y.3    Shaz, B.H.4    Bauer, K.A.5
  • 75
    • 0033168323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complexes of heparin and platelet factor 4 specifically stimulate T cells from patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia/thrombosis
    • Bacsi S, De Palma R, Visentin GP, Gorski J, Aster RH. Complexes of heparin and platelet factor 4 specifically stimulate T cells from patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia/thrombosis. Blood 1999;94:208-215.
    • (1999) Blood , vol.94 , pp. 208-215
    • Bacsi, S.1    De Palma, R.2    Visentin, G.P.3    Gorski, J.4    Aster, R.H.5
  • 76
    • 0035113216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of T cells responding to a self-protein modified by an external agent
    • Bacsi S, Geoffrey R, Visentin G, De Palma R, Aster R, Gorski J. Identification of T cells responding to a self-protein modified by an external agent. Hum Immunol 2001;62:113-124.
    • (2001) Hum Immunol , vol.62 , pp. 113-124
    • Bacsi, S.1    Geoffrey, R.2    Visentin, G.3    De Palma, R.4    Aster, R.5    Gorski, J.6
  • 77
    • 11144238284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultralarge complexes of PF4 and heparin are central to the pathogenesis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
    • Rauova L, Poncz M, McKenzie SE, et al. Ultralarge complexes of PF4 and heparin are central to the pathogenesis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Blood 2005;105:131-138.
    • (2005) Blood , vol.105 , pp. 131-138
    • Rauova, L.1    Poncz, M.2    McKenzie, S.E.3
  • 79
    • 0032917828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endothelial cell hyperplasia contributes to thrombosis in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
    • Kwaan HC, Sakurai S. Endothelial cell hyperplasia contributes to thrombosis in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Semin Thromb Hemost 1999;25(Suppl 1):23-27.
    • (1999) Semin Thromb Hemost , vol.25 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 23-27
    • Kwaan, H.C.1    Sakurai, S.2
  • 80
    • 0035874509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of monocyte tissue factor expression by antibodies to heparin-platelet factor 4 complexes developed in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
    • Pouplard C, Iochmann S, Renard B, et al. Induction of monocyte tissue factor expression by antibodies to heparin-platelet factor 4 complexes developed in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Blood 2001;97:3300-3302.
    • (2001) Blood , vol.97 , pp. 3300-3302
    • Pouplard, C.1    Iochmann, S.2    Renard, B.3
  • 81
    • 0035883078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibodies from patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia stimulate monocytic cells to express tissue factor and secrete interleukin-8
    • Arepally GM, Mayer IM. Antibodies from patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia stimulate monocytic cells to express tissue factor and secrete interleukin-8. Blood 2001;98:1252-1254.
    • (2001) Blood , vol.98 , pp. 1252-1254
    • Arepally, G.M.1    Mayer, I.M.2
  • 82
    • 0033781245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in patients treated with unfractionated heparin: Prevalence of thrombosis in a 1 year follow-up
    • Mattioli AV, Bonetti L, Sternieri S, Mattioli G. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in patients treated with unfractionated heparin: prevalence of thrombosis in a 1 year follow-up. Ital Heart J 2000; 1:39-42.
    • (2000) Ital Heart J , vol.1 , pp. 39-42
    • Mattioli, A.V.1    Bonetti, L.2    Sternieri, S.3    Mattioli, G.4
  • 84
    • 0034680004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of heparin during cardiopulmonary bypass in patients with a history of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
    • Potzsch B, Klovekorn WP, Madiener K. Use of heparin during cardiopulmonary bypass in patients with a history of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. N Engl J Med. 2000;343:515.
    • (2000) N Engl J Med , vol.343 , pp. 515
    • Potzsch, B.1    Klovekorn, W.P.2    Madiener, K.3
  • 85
    • 0346364794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New pentasaccharides for the prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism: Clinical studies
    • Turpie AG, Eriksson BI, Bauer KA, Lassen MR. New pentasaccharides for the prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism: clinical studies. Chest 2003;124:371S-378S.
    • (2003) Chest , vol.124
    • Turpie, A.G.1    Eriksson, B.I.2    Bauer, K.A.3    Lassen, M.R.4
  • 86
    • 0030980765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Absence of cross-reactivity of SR90107A/ORG31540 pentasaccharide with antibodies to heparin-PF4 complexes developed in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
    • Amiral J, Lormeau JC, Marfaing-Koka A, et al. Absence of cross-reactivity of SR90107A/ORG31540 pentasaccharide with antibodies to heparin-PF4 complexes developed in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 1997;8:114-117.
    • (1997) Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis , vol.8 , pp. 114-117
    • Amiral, J.1    Lormeau, J.C.2    Marfaing-Koka, A.3
  • 87
    • 19944429124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of fondaparinux on platelet activation in the presence of heparin-dependent antibodies: A blinded comparative multicenter study with unfractionated heparin
    • Savi P, Chong BH, Greinacher A, et al. Effect of fondaparinux on platelet activation in the presence of heparin-dependent antibodies: a blinded comparative multicenter study with unfractionated heparin. Blood 2005;105(1):139-144.
    • (2005) Blood , vol.105 , Issue.1 , pp. 139-144
    • Savi, P.1    Chong, B.H.2    Greinacher, A.3
  • 88
    • 19644368357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fondaparinux in the treatment of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
    • abstract 1775
    • Bradner J, Hallisey RK, Kuter DJ. Fondaparinux in the treatment of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Blood 2004;104:492a (abstract 1775).
    • (2004) Blood , vol.104
    • Bradner, J.1    Hallisey, R.K.2    Kuter, D.J.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.