Carvedilol: β-blockade and beyond

Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine

Volumn 5, Issue SUPPL. 1, 2004, Pages

  Stroe, Alice F ^a   Gheorghiade, Mihai ^a  

^a NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

blockers; Carvedilol; Heart failure

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ALPHA 1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR; ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; ATENOLOL; BETA 1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR; BETA 2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; BISOPROLOL; CARVEDILOL; DIGOXIN; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; HEPARIN; METOPROLOL; METOPROLOL SUCCINATE; NITRIC ACID DERIVATIVE; PLACEBO; PROPRANOLOL; REACTIVE OXYGEN METABOLITE; REDUCED NICOTINAMIDE ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHATE OXIDASE; TIMOLOL;

ACUTE HEART INFARCTION; ANTIARRHYTHMIC ACTIVITY; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE ACTIVITY; APOPTOSIS; CLINICAL TRIAL; COMORBIDITY; CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; DIABETES MELLITUS; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE CLASSIFICATION; DISEASE SEVERITY; DRUG MECHANISM; ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; ENZYME ACTIVITY; HEART ARRHYTHMIA; HEART ATRIUM FIBRILLATION; HEART FAILURE; HEART HEMODYNAMICS; HEART INFARCTION; HEART LEFT VENTRICLE EJECTION FRACTION; HEART LEFT VENTRICLE FUNCTION; HEART MUSCLE CELL; HEART SIZE; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; INSULIN SENSITIVITY; KIDNEY FAILURE; MORTALITY; OXIDATIVE STRESS; RECEPTOR BLOCKING; REVIEW; SIDE EFFECT; STROKE; SURVIVAL RATE;

ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS; ARRHYTHMIA; CARBAZOLES; CLINICAL TRIALS; DEATH, SUDDEN, CARDIAC; HEART FAILURE, CONGESTIVE; HUMANS; HYPERTENSION; PROPANOLAMINES;

EID: 3042528532     PISSN: 15306550     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (86)

1. Poole-Wilson PA, Swedberg K, Cleland JG, et al. Comparison of carvedilol and metoprolol on clinical outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure in the Carvedilol or Metoprolol European Trial (COMET): randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2003;362:7-13.
2. CAPRICORN Investigators. Effect of carvedilol on outcome after myocardial infarction in patients with left-ventricular dysfunction: the CAPRICORN randomised trial. Lancet. 2001; 357:1385-1390.
3. Giugliano D, Acampora R, Marfella R, et al. Metabolic and cardiovascular effects of carvedilol and atenolol in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and hypertension. A randomized, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med. 1997;126:955-959.
4. Hauf-Zachariou U, Widmann L, Zulsdorf B, et al. A double-blind comparison of the effects of carvedilol and captopril on serum lipid concentrations in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension and dyslipidaemia. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1993;45:95-100.
5. Jacob S, Rett K, Wicklmayr M, et al. Differential effect of chronic treatment with two beta-blocking agents on insulin sensitivity: the carvedilol-metoprolol study. J Hypertens. 1996;14:489-494.
6. Keating GM, Jarvis B. Carvedilol: a review of its use in chronic heart failure. Drugs. 2003;63:1697-1741.
7. Bristow MR. Mechanism of action of beta-blocking agents in heart failure. Am J Cardiol. 1997;80:26L-40L.
8. Bristow MR, Larrabee P, Minobe W, et al. Receptor pharmacology of carvedilol in the human heart. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1992;19 Suppl 1:S68-S80.
9. Bristow MR. Beta-adrenergic receptor blockade in chronic heart failure. Circulation. 2000; 101:558-569.
10. Yoshikawa T, Port JD, Asano K, et al. Cardiac adrenergic receptor effects of carvedilol. Eur Heart J. 1996;17 Suppl B:8-16.
11. Francis GS, Benedict C, Johnstone DE, et al. Comparison of neuroendocrine activation in patients with left ventricular dysfunction with and without congestive heart failure. A substudy of the Studies of Left Ventricular Dysfunction (SOLVD). Circulation. 1990;82:1724-1729.
12. Packer M. The neurohormonal hypothesis: a theory to explain the mechanism of disease progression in heart failure [editorial]. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1992;20:248-254.
13. Mann DL, Kent RL, Parsons B, Cooper G. Adrenergic effects on the biology of the adult mammalian cardiocyte. Circulation. 1992; 85:790-804.
14. Colucci WS. Molecular and cellular mechanisms of myocardial failure. Am J Cardiol. 1997;80:15L-25L.
15. Bristow MR, Ginsburg R, Umans V, et al. Beta-1 and beta-2 adrenergic-receptors subpopulations in nonfailing and failing human ventricular myocardium: coupling of both receptor subtypes to muscle contraction and selective beta-1 receptor down-regulation in heart failure. Circ Res. 1986;59:297-309.
16. Packer M. Beta-adrenergic blockade in chronic heart failure: principles, progress, and practice. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 1998;41:39-52.
17. Gilbert EM, Abraham WT; Olsen S, et al. Comparative hemodynamic, left ventricular functional, and antiadrenergic effects of chronic treatment with metoprolol versus carvedilol in the failing heart. Circulation. 1996;94:2817-2825.
18. Book WM. Carvedilol: a nonselective beta blocking agent with antioxidant properties. Congest Heart Fail. 2002;8:173-177, 190.
19. Keith M, Geranmayegan A, Sole MJ, et al. Increased oxidative stress in patients with congestive heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1998; 31:1352-1356.
20. Yucel D, Aydogdu S, Senes M, et al. Evidence of increased oxidative stress by simple measurements in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 2002;62:463-468.
21. Byrne JA, Grieve DJ, Cave AC, Shah AM. Oxidative stress and heart failure. Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss. 2003;96:214-221.
22. Sorescu D, Griendling KK. Reactive oxygen species, mitochondria, and NAD(P)H oxidases in the development and progression of heart failure. Congest Heart Fail. 2002;8:132-140.
23. Heymes C, Bendall JK, Ratajczak P, et al. Increased myocardial NADPH oxidase activity in human heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003;41:2164-2171.
24. Kakishita M, Nakamura K, Asanuma M, et al. Direct evidence for increased hydroxyl radicals in angiotensin II-induced cardiac hypertrophy through angiotensin II type 1a receptor. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2003;42 Suppl 1:S67-S70.
25. Harrison DG, Cai H, Landmesser U, Griendling KK. Interactions of angiotensin II with NAD(P)H oxidase, oxidant stress and cardiovascular disease. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst. 2003;4:51-61.
26. Givertz MM, Colucci WS. New targets for heart-failure therapy: endothelin, inflammatory cytokines, and oxidative stress. Lancet. 1998;352(Suppl 1):SI34-SI38.
27. Cal H, Harrison DG. Endothelial dysfunction in cardiovascular diseases: the role of oxidant stress. Circ Res. 2000;87:840-844.
28. Yue TL, Cheng HY; Lysko PG, et al. Carvedilol, a new vasodilator and beta adrenoceptor antagonist, is an antioxidant and free radical scavenger. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1992;263:92-98.
29. Yue TL, McKenna PJ, Gu JL, et al. Carvedilol, a new antihypertensive agent, prevents lipid peroxidation and oxidative injury to endothelial cells. Hypertension. 1993;22:922-928.
30. Arumanayagam M, Chan S, Tong S, Sanderson JE. Antioxidant properties of carvedilol and metoprolol in heart failure: a double-blind randomized controlled trial. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2001;37:48-54.
31. Gao F, Chen J, Lopez BL, et al. Comparison of bisoprolol and carvedilol cardioprotection in a rabbit ischemia and reperfusion model. Eur J Pharmacol. 2000;406:109-116.
32. Nakamura K, Kusano K, Nakamura Y, et al. Carvedilol decreases elevated oxidative stress in human failing myocardium. Circulation. 2002;105:2867-2871.
33. Kumar D, Jugdutt BI. Apoptosis and oxidants in the heart. J Lab Clin Med. 2003;142:288-297.
34. Feuerstein G, Yue TL, Ma X, Ruffolo RR. Novel mechanisms in the treatment of heart failure: inhibition of oxygen radicals and apoptosis by carvedilol. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 1998;41:17-24.
35. Cheng W, Li B, Kajstura J, et al. Stretch-induced programmed myocyte cell death. J Clin Invest. 1995;96:2247-2259.
36. Zhang S, Sun Z, Liu L, Hasichaonu. Carvedilol attenuates CPB-induced apoptosis in dog heart: regulationof Fas/FasL and caspase-3 pathway. Chin Med J (Engl). 2003;116:761-766.
37. Cohn JN, Ferrari R, Sharpe N. Cardiac remodeling - concepts and clinical implications: a consensus paper from an international forum on cardiac remodeling. Behalf of an International Forum on Cardiac Remodeling. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000;35:569-582.
38. Zweier JL, Flaherty JT, Weisfeldt ML. Direct measurement of free radical generation following reperfusion of ischemic myocardium. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1987;84:1404-1407.
39. Grimm D, Huber M, Jabusch HC, et al. Extracellular matrix proteins in cardiac fibroblasts derived from rat hearts with chronic pressure overload: effects of beta-receptor blockade. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2001;33:487-501.
40. Lowes BD, Gill EA, Abraham WT, et al. Effects of carvedilol on left ventricular mass, chamber geometry, and mitral regurgitation in chronic heart failure. Am J Cardiol. 1999;83:1201-1205
41. Packer M, Antonopoulos GV, Berlin JA, et al. Comparative effects of carvedilol and metoprolol on left ventricular ejection fraction in heart failure: Results of a meta-analysis. Am Heart J. 2001;141:899-907.
42. Remme WJ. Should ACE inhibition always be first-line therapy in heart failure? Lessons from the CARMEN Study. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 2003;17:107-109.
43. Doughty RN, Whalley GA, Walsh HA, et al. Effects of carvedilol on left ventricular remodeling following acute myocardial infarction: the CAPRICORN echo substudy. Circulation. In press.
44. Storstein L. Carvedilol-clinical experience in arrhythmias. Cardiology. 1993;82, Suppl 3:29-33.
45. Cice G, Tagliamonte E, Ferrara L, Iacono A. Efficacy of carvedilol on complex ventricular arrhythmias in dilated cardiomyopathy: double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Eur Heart J. 2000;21:1259-1264.
46. Pratt C, Lichstein E. Ventricular antiarrhythmic effects of beta-adrenergic blocking drugs: a review of mechanism and clinical studies. J Clin Pharmacol. 1982;22:335-347.
47. Strein K, Sponer G, Muller-Beckmann B, Bartsch W. Pharmacological profile of carvedilol, a compound with beta-blocking and vasodilating properties. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1987;10, Suppl 11:S33-S41.
48. Karle CA, Kreye VA, Thomas D, et al. Antiarrhythmic drug carvedilol inhibits HERG potassium channels. Cardiovasc Res. 2001; 49:361-370.
49. Jacob S, Rett K, Henriksen EJ. Antihypertensive therapy and insulin sensitivity: do we have to redefine the role of beta-blocking agents? Am J Hypertens, 1998;11:1258-1265.
50. Rabkin SW. Mechanisms of action of adrenergic receptor blockers on lipids during antihypertensive drug treatment. J Clin Pharmacol. 1993;33:286-291.
51. Abraham WT, Tsvetkova T, Lowes BD, et al. Carvedilol improves renal hemodynamics in patients with chronic heart failure. Circulation. 1998;98:I-378-I-379.
52. MERIT-HF Investigators. Effect of metoprolol CR/XL in chronic heart failure: Metoprolol CR/XL Randomised Intervention Trial in Congestive Heart Failure (MERIT-HF). Lancet. 1999;353:2001-2007.
53. CIBIS-II Investigators. The Cardiac Insufficiency Bisoprolol Study II (CIBIS-II): a randomised trial. Lancet. 1999;353:9-13.
54. Packer M, Bristow MR, Cohn JN, et al. The effect of carvedilol on morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic heart failure. U.S. Carvedilol Heart Failure Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1996;334:1349-1355.
55. Packer M, Coats AJS, Fowler MB, et al. Effect of carvedilol on survival in severe chronic heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2001;344:1651-1658.
56. Braunwald E. Expanding indications for beta-blockers in heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2001;344:1711-1712.
57. Bristow MR, Port JD, Kelly RA. Treatment of heart failure: pharmacological methods. In: Braunwald E, Zipes DP, Libby P, eds. Heart disease: a textbook of cardiovascular medicine. W.B. Saunders; 2001: 562-599.
58. Dargie HJ. B blockers in heart failure. Lancet. 2003;362:2-3.
59. Adams KF, Jr. Which beta-blocker for heart failure? Am Heart J. 2001;141:884-889.
60. Fung JW, Chan SK, Yeung LY, Sanderson JE. Is beta-blockade useful in heart failure patients with atrial fibrillation? An analysis of data from two previously completed prospective trials. Eur J Heart Fail. 2002;4:489-494.
61. Lechat P, Hulot JS, Escolano S, et al. Heart rate and cardiac rhythm relationships with bisoprolol benefit in chronic heart failure in CIBIS II Trial. Circulation. 2001;103:1428-1433.
62. Packer M, Fowler MB, Roecker EB, et al. Effect of carvedilol on the morbidity of patients with severe chronic heart failure: results of the carvedilol prospective randomized Cumulative Survival (COPERNICUS) Study. Circulation. 2002;106:2194-2199.
63. Lechat P, Bouzamondo A, Sanchez P. Relationship between baseline risk and treatment effect of between in heart failure. Eur Heart J 21, 297. 2000.
64. Krum H, Roecker EB, Mohacsi F, et al. Effects of initiating carvedilol in patients with severe chronic heart failure: results from the COPERNICUS study. JAMA. 2003;289:712-718.
65. Beta-Blocker Heart Attack Trial Research Group. A randomized trial of propranolol in patients with acute myocardial infarction. I. Mortality results. JAMA. 1982;247:1707-1714.
66. Gheorghiade M, Goldstein S. Beta-blockers in the post-myocardial infarction patient. Circulation. 2002;106:394-398.
67. Chadda K, Goldstein S, Byington R, Curb JD. Effect of propranolol after acute myocardial infarction in patients with congestive heart failure. Circulation. 1986;73:503-510.
68. Julian DG. Can beta blockers be safely used in patients with recent myocardial infarction who also have congestive heart failure? Circulation. 1983;67:I91.
69. Yusuf S, Peto R, Lewis J, et al. Beta blockade during and after myocardial infarction: an overview of the randomized trials. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 1985;27:335-371.
70. Freemantle N, Cleland J, Young P, et al. Beta-blockade after myocardial infarction: systematic review and meta-regression analysis. BMJ. 1999;318:1730-1737.
71. McMurray JJ, Dargie HJ, Ford I, et al. Carvedilol reduces supraventricaular and ventricular arrythmias after myocardial infarction: evidence from the CAPRICORN study. Presented at American Heart Association Scientific Sessions;November 11-14, 2001; Anaheim, CA [abstract 3303]. Circulation 104, II-700. 10-23-2001.
72. Doughty RN, Whalley GA, Walsh HA, et al. Effects of carvedilol on left ventricular remodeling following acute myocardial infarction: the CAPRICORN echo substudy. Circulation. In press.
73. Middlekauff HR, Stevenson WG, Stevenson LW. Prognostic significance of atrial fibrillation in advanced heart failure. A study of 390 patients. Circulation. 1991;84:40-48.
74. Joglar JA, Acusta AP, Shusterman NH, et al. Effect of carvedilol on survival and hemodynamics in patients with atrial fibrillation and left ventricular dysfunction: retrospective analysis of the US Carvedilol Heart Failure Trials Program. Am Heart J. 2001;142:498-501.
75. Khand AU, Rankin AC, Martin W, et al. Carvedilol alone or in combination with digoxin for the management of atrial fibrillation in patients with heart failure? J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003;42:1944-1951.
76. Nodari S, Metra M, Dei CA, Dei CL. Efficacy and tolerability of the long-term administration of carvedilol in patients with chronic heart failure with and without concomitant diabetes mellitus. Eur J Heart Fail. 2003;5:803-809.
77. Haas SJ, Vos T, Gilbert RE, Krum H. Are beta-blockers as efficacious in patients with diabetes mellitus as in patients without diabetes mellitus who have chronic heart failure? A meta-analysis of large-scale clinical trials. Am Heart J. 2003;146:848-853.
78. Gress TW, Nieto FJ, Shahar E, et al. Hypertension and antihypertensive therapy as risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. N Engl J Med. 2000;342:905-912.
79. Tomaselli GF, Rose J. Molecular aspects of arrhythmias associated with cardiomyopathies. Curr Opin Cardiol. 2000;15:202-208.
80. Messerli FH, Grossman E, Goldbourt U. Are beta-blockers efficacious as first-line therapy for hypertension in the elderly? A systematic review. JAMA. 1998;279:1903-1907.
81. Okin PM, Devereux RB, Jern S, et al. Regression of electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy by losartan versus atenolol: The Losartan Intervention for Endpoint reduction in Hypertension (LIFE) Study. Circulation. 2003;108:684-690.
82. O'Rourke M. Arterial stiffening and vascular/ventricular interaction. J Hum Hypertens. 1994;8 Suppl 1:S9-15.
83. Dupont AG, Van der NP, Taeymans Y, et al. Effect of carvedilol on ambulatory blood pressure, renal hemodynamics, and cardiac function in essential hypertension. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1987;10 Suppl 11:S130-S136.
84. Weber K, Bohmeke T, van der Does R, Taylor SH. Comparison of the hemodynamic effects of metoprolol and carvedilol in hypertensive patients. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 1996;10:113-117.
85. Eichstaedt H, Schroeder RJ, Auffermann W, Richter W. Regression of left ventricular hypertrophy. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1992;19 Suppl 1:S55-S61.
86. Jacob S, Balletshofer B, Henriksen EJ, et al. Beta-blocking agents in patients with insulin resistance: effects of vasodilating beta-blockers. Blood Press. 1999;8:261-268.