Observation of preputial separation is a useful tool for evaluating endocrine active chemicals

Journal of Toxicologic Pathology

Volumn 18, Issue 3, 2005, Pages 141-157

  Yoshimura, Shinsuke ^a   Yamaguchi, Hajime ^a   Konno, Kazunori ^a   Ohsawa, Noriko ^a   Noguchi, Satoshi ^a   Chisaka, Akiko ^a  

^a HATANO RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Japan)

Author keywords

Diethylstilbestrol; Ethynylestradiol; Flutamide; Preputial separation; Rat; Vinclozolin

Indexed keywords

EID: 27744577416     PISSN: 09149198     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1293/tox.18.141     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Lyons WR, Berlin I, and Friedlander S. Cornification of balano-preputial epithelium in normal rats and in castrated rats treated with testosterone propionate. Endocrinology. 31: 659-663. 1942.
2. Yoshimura S, Yamaguchi H, Konno K, Ohsawa N, Noguchi S, and Chisaka A. Hypospadias and incomplete preputial separation in male rats induced by prenatal exposure to an anti-androgen, flutamide. J Toxicol Pathol. 17: 113-118. 2004.
3. Korenbrot CC, Huhtaniemi IT, and Weiner RI. Preputial separation as an external sign of pubertal development in the male rat. Biol Reprod. 17: 298-303. 1977.
4. Yamada T, Sunami O, Kunimatsu T, Kamita Y, Okuno Y, Seki T, Nakatsuka I, and Matsuo M. Dissection and weighing of accessory sex glands after formalin fixation, and a 5-day assay using young mature rats are reliable and feasible in the Hershberger assay. Toxicology. 162: 103-119. 2001.
5. O'Connor JC, Frame SR, Davis LG, and Cook JC. Detection of the environmental antiandrogen p,p'-DDE in CD and Long-Evans rats using a tier I screening battery and a Hershberger assay. Toxicol Sci. 51: 44-53. 1999.
6. Sunami O, Kunimatsu T, Yamada T, Yabushita S, Sukata T, Miyata K, Kamita Y, Okuno Y, Seki T, Nakatsuka I, and Matsuo M. Evaluation of a 5-day Hershberger assay using young mature male rats: methyltestosterone and p,p'-DDE, but not fenitrothion, exhibited androgenic or antiandrogenic activity in vivo. J Toxicol Sci. 25: 403-415. 2000.
7. Yamasaki K, Sawaki M, Ohta R, Okuda H, Katayama S, Yamada T, Ohta T, Kosaka T, and Owens W. OECD validation of the Hershberger assay in Japan: phase 2 dose response of methyltestosterone, vinclozolin, and p,p'-DDE. Environ Health Perspect. 111: 1912-1919. 2003.
8. Ashby J and Lefevre PA. The peripubertal male rat assay as an alternative to the Hershberger castrated male rat assay for the detection of anti-androgens, oestrogens and metabolic modulators. J Appl Toxicol. 20: 35-47. 2000.
9. McIntyre BS, Barlow NJ, and Foster PMD. Androgen-mediated development in male rat offspring exposed to flutamide in utero: permanence and correlation of early postnatal changes in anogenital distance and nipple retention with malformations in androgen-dependent tissues. Toxicol Sci. 62: 236-249. 2001.
10. Gaytan F, Pinilla L, Romero JL, and Aguilar E. Differential effects of the administration of human chorionic gonadotropin to postnatal rats. J Endocrinol. 142: 527-534. 1994.
11. Paz GF, Winter JSD, Reyes FI, and Faiman C. Developmental pattern of testosterone production by the rat testis. Steroids. 36: 675-688. 1980.
12. Watanabe C, Kuwagata M, Yoshimura S, Azegami J, Kojima K, Ono H, and Nagao T. An improved technique for repeated gavage administration to rat neonates. Congenit Anom (Kyoto). 43: 177-179. 2003.
13. Wada K. Method and problem in measurement of AGD and preputial separation (in Japanese). Annual Report of Hatano Research Institute. 25: 109-114. 2002.
14. Mylchreest E, Sar M, Cattley RC, and Foster PMD. Disruption of androgen-regulated male reproductive development by di(n-butyl) phthalate during late gestation in rats is different from flutamide. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 156: 81-95. 1999.
15. Miyata K, Yabushita S, Sukata T, Sano M, Yoshino H, Nakanishi T, Okuno Y, and Matsuo M. Effects of perinatal exposure to flutamide on sex hormones and androgen-dependent organs in F1 male rats. J Toxicol Sci. 27: 19-33. 2002.
16. Gray LE Jr, Ostby JS, and Kelce WR. Developmental effects of an environmental antiandrogen: the fungicide vinclozolin alters sex differentiation of the male rat. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 129: 46-52. 1994.
17. Wolf CJ, LeBlanc GA, Ostby JS, and Gray LE Jr. Characterization of the period of sensitivity of fetal male sexual development to vinclozolin. Toxicol Sci. 55: 152-161. 2000.
18. Clark RL, Anderson CA, Prahalada S, Robertson RT, Lochry EA, Leonard YM, Stevens JL, and Hoberman AM. Critical developmental periods for effects on male rat genitalia induced by finasteride, a 5 α-reductase inhibitor. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 119: 34-40. 1993.
19. Anderson CA and Clark RL. External genitalia of the rat: normal development and the histogenesis of 5 α-reductase inhibitor-induced abnormalities. Teratology. 42: 483-496. 1990.
20. Bellido C, Gaytan F, Aguilar R, Pinilla L, and Aguilar E. Prepuberal reproductive defects in neonatal estrogenized male rats. Biol Reprod. 33: 381-387. 1985.
21. Atanassova N, McKinnell C, Walker M, Turner KJ, Fisher JS, Morley M, Millar MR, Groome NP, and Sharpe RM. Permanent effects of neonatal estrogen exposure in rats on reproductive hormone levels, Sertoli cell number, and the efficiency of spermatogenesis in adulthood. Endocrinology. 140: 5364-5373. 1999.
22. Fisher JS, Millar MR, Majdic G, Saunders PT, Fraser HM, and Sharpe RM. Immunolocalisation of oestrogen receptor-α within the testis and excurrent ducts of the rat and marmoset monkey from perinatal life to adulthood. J Endocrinol. 153: 485-495. 1997.
23. Saunders PTK, Fisher JS, Sharpe RM, and Millar MR. Expression of oestrogen receptor beta (ER β) occurs in multiple cell types, including some germ cells, in the rat testis. J Endocrinol. 156: R13-17. 1998.
24. Yu WJ, Lee BJ, Nam SY, Ahn B, Hong JT, Do JC, Kim YC, Lee YS, and Yun YW. Reproductive disorders in pubertal and adult phase of the male rats exposed to vinclozolin during puberty. J Vet Med Sci. 66: 847-853. 2004.
25. Okuno Y and Miyata K. Effects of an endocrine disruptor on male reproductive organs. J Toxicol Pathol. 14: 79-82. 2001.
26. Goyal HO, Braden TD, Mansour M, Williams CS, Kamaleldin A, and Srivastava KK. Diethylstilbestrol-treated adult rats with altered epididymal sperm numbers and sperm motility parameters, but without alterations in sperm production and sperm morphology. Biol Reprod. 64: 927-934. 2001.
27. Gill-Sharma MK, Balasinor N, and Parte P. Effect of intermittent treatment with tamoxifen on reproduction in male rats. Asian J Androl. 3: 115-119. 2001.