-
1
-
-
26944471907
-
-
note
-
8 merit mention in this regard and are listed below.
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
0345356258
-
-
(b) King, S.; Hyunh, K.; Tannenbaum, R. J. Phys Chem. B 2003, 107 (44), 12097.
-
(2003)
J. Phys Chem. B
, vol.107
, Issue.44
, pp. 12097
-
-
King, S.1
Hyunh, K.2
Tannenbaum, R.3
-
6
-
-
0035095461
-
-
(b) Widegren, J. A.; Aiken, J. D., III; Özkar, S.; Finke, R. G. Chem. Mater. 2001, 13, 312.
-
(2001)
Chem. Mater.
, vol.13
, pp. 312
-
-
Widegren, J.A.1
Aiken III, J.D.2
Özkar, S.3
Finke, R.G.4
-
9
-
-
19544388418
-
-
(b) See also the addition/correction published in Chem. Mater. 2004, 16, 3972 which teaches an initially incorrect use of the pseudo-elementary step concept.
-
(2004)
Chem. Mater.
, vol.16
, pp. 3972
-
-
-
10
-
-
0003143466
-
Transition metal nanoclusters
-
Feldheim, D. L., Foss, C. A., Jr., Eds.; Marcel Dekker: New York
-
For further discussion of the advantages incurred by treating nanocluster science by the principles of smaller molecule chemistry inso-far as possible, but also the lower precision that one can expect for many measurements on nano- and other macro-molecules (i.e., and in comparison to conventional small molecules), see: Finke, R. G. Transition Metal Nanoclusters. In Metal Nanoparticles, Synthesis, Characterization and Applications; Feldheim, D. L., Foss, C. A., Jr., Eds.; Marcel Dekker: New York, 2001; pp 17-53.
-
(2001)
Metal Nanoparticles, Synthesis, Characterization and Applications
, pp. 17-53
-
-
Finke, R.G.1
-
11
-
-
1142273513
-
-
For example, see elsewhere for a case where kinetic studies of compositionally well-characterized nanoclusters has allowed a model of how tridentate ligands appear to preferentially bind to the {111} facets of selected nanocluster surfaces: Finke, R. G.; Özkar, S. Coord. Chem. Rev. 2004, 248 (12), 135.
-
(2004)
Coord. Chem. Rev.
, vol.248
, Issue.12
, pp. 135
-
-
Finke, R.G.1
Özkar, S.2
-
14
-
-
26944441499
-
-
note
-
n+1. Note that LaMer's mechanism is completely different from the mechanism for transition-metal nanocluster (slow, continuous) nucleation, then (nondiffusion controlled) autocatalytic surface growth published in 1997.2 LaMer's mechanism is also completely different from the expanded, more general mechanism published herein for transition-metal nanocluster formation and then agglomeration under reductive conditions.
-
-
-
-
17
-
-
0032540691
-
-
Weddle, K. S.; Aiken, J. D., III; Finke, R. G. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 5653.
-
(1998)
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
, vol.120
, pp. 5653
-
-
Weddle, K.S.1
Aiken III, J.D.2
Finke, R.G.3
-
18
-
-
0042889440
-
-
Widegren, J. A.; Bennett, M. A.; Finke, R. G. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 10301.
-
(2003)
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
, vol.125
, pp. 10301
-
-
Widegren, J.A.1
Bennett, M.A.2
Finke, R.G.3
-
20
-
-
0018753570
-
-
(b) Hirai, H.; Nakao, Y.; Toshima, N. J. Macromol. Sci.-Chem. 1979, A13, 727.
-
(1979)
J. Macromol. Sci.-chem.
, vol.A13
, pp. 727
-
-
Hirai, H.1
Nakao, Y.2
Toshima, N.3
-
22
-
-
0000636129
-
-
(d) Rodriguez, A.; Amiens, C.; Chaudret, B.; Casanove, M.-J.; Lecante, P.; Bradley, J. S. Chem. Mater. 1996, 8, 1978.
-
(1996)
Chem. Mater.
, vol.8
, pp. 1978
-
-
Rodriguez, A.1
Amiens, C.2
Chaudret, B.3
Casanove, M.-J.4
Lecante, P.5
Bradley, J.S.6
-
23
-
-
0036207906
-
-
(e) Bönnemann, H.; Waldöfner, N.; Haubold, H.-G.; Vad, T. Chem. Mater. 2002, 14, 1115.
-
(2002)
Chem. Mater.
, vol.14
, pp. 1115
-
-
Bönnemann, H.1
Waldöfner, N.2
Haubold, H.-G.3
Vad, T.4
-
26
-
-
20444385905
-
-
Besson, C.; Finney, E. E.; Finke, R. G. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 8179.
-
(2005)
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
, vol.127
, pp. 8179
-
-
Besson, C.1
Finney, E.E.2
Finke, R.G.3
-
28
-
-
0000501924
-
-
(b) Pohl, M.; Lyon, D. K.; Mizuno, N.; Nomiya, K.; Finke, R. G. Inorg. Chem. 1995, 34, 1413.
-
(1995)
Inorg. Chem.
, vol.34
, pp. 1413
-
-
Pohl, M.1
Lyon, D.K.2
Mizuno, N.3
Nomiya, K.4
Finke, R.G.5
-
29
-
-
84861257444
-
-
Leipold, W. S., III. http://members.dca.net/leipold/mk/advert.html.
-
-
-
Leipold III, W.S.1
-
30
-
-
26944495915
-
-
note
-
11
-
-
-
-
31
-
-
0033536428
-
-
see p 6 and the references cited in ref 3
-
(b) Aiken, J. D., III; Finke, R. G. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem. 1999, 145, 1-44 (see p 6 and the references cited in ref 3).
-
(1999)
J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem.
, vol.145
, pp. 1-44
-
-
Aiken III, J.D.1
Finke, R.G.2
-
32
-
-
16244395139
-
-
(c) Hagen, C.; Widegren, J. A.; Maitlis, P. M.; Finke, R. G. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 4423-4432.
-
(2005)
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
, vol.127
, pp. 4423-4432
-
-
Hagen, C.1
Widegren, J.A.2
Maitlis, P.M.3
Finke, R.G.4
-
34
-
-
0003459529
-
-
Physical Electronics, Inc.: Eden Prairie, MN
-
Moulder, J. F.; Stickle, W. F.; Sobol, P. E.; Bomben, K. D. Handbook of X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy; Physical Electronics, Inc.: Eden Prairie, MN, 1995.
-
(1995)
Handbook of X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy
-
-
Moulder, J.F.1
Stickle, W.F.2
Sobol, P.E.3
Bomben, K.D.4
-
36
-
-
0004161838
-
-
Cambridge University Press: Cambridge
-
The following book on numerical analysis methods notes on p 387, in their chapter on minimization or maximization of functions, the fact that "Finding a global extremum is, in general, a very difficult problem": Press, W. H.; Teukolsky, S. A.; Vetterling, W. T.; Flannery, B. P. Numerical Recipes in Fortran: The Art of Scientific Computing, 2nd ed.; Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 1992.
-
(1992)
Numerical Recipes in Fortran: The Art of Scientific Computing, 2nd Ed.
-
-
Press, W.H.1
Teukolsky, S.A.2
Vetterling, W.T.3
Flannery, B.P.4
-
37
-
-
0038707692
-
-
North-Holland Publishing Company: Amsterdam
-
Welford, W. T. Geometrical Optics; North-Holland Publishing Company: Amsterdam, 1962; p 115.
-
(1962)
Geometrical Optics
, pp. 115
-
-
Welford, W.T.1
-
40
-
-
0003596284
-
-
Oxford University Press: Oxford
-
(c) Two examples from oscillating reactions: Epstein, I. R.; Pojman, J. A. An Introduction to Nonlinear Chemical Dynamics. Oscillation, Waves, Patterns and Chaos; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 1998; p 98.
-
(1998)
An Introduction to Nonlinear Chemical Dynamics. Oscillation, Waves, Patterns and Chaos
, pp. 98
-
-
Epstein, I.R.1
Pojman, J.A.2
-
41
-
-
0031208401
-
-
(d) An example involving nitrile hydrolysis: Izzo, B.; Harrell, C. L.; Klein, M. T. AIChE J. 1997, 43 (8), 2048.
-
(1997)
AIChE J.
, vol.43
, Issue.8
, pp. 2048
-
-
Izzo, B.1
Harrell, C.L.2
Klein, M.T.3
-
42
-
-
26944434569
-
-
note
-
2), especially in comparison to the uncertainties discussed in the present paper (Table 1) resulting from curve fitting for four rate constants in an overall five-dimensional space.
-
-
-
-
43
-
-
26944501065
-
-
note
-
30
-
-
-
-
44
-
-
26944453853
-
-
note
-
11 In the present case this means that just following via our cyclohexene reporter reaction only one species (i.e., C), out of the three chemically important species (A, B, and C), is insufficient to distinguish mechanisms which display different curves for A and B, yet show very similar behavior for C as a function of time. This is why experiments such as the NMR detection of A vs time reported in the main text are crucial, even though those experiments provide a very limited amount of data for curve fitting.
-
-
-
-
45
-
-
33747015265
-
-
Hoffmann, R.; Minkin, V. I.; Carpenter, B. K. Bull. Chem. Soc. Fr. 1996, 133, 117.
-
(1996)
Bull. Chem. Soc. Fr.
, vol.133
, pp. 117
-
-
Hoffmann, R.1
Minkin, V.I.2
Carpenter, B.K.3
-
46
-
-
26944465994
-
-
note
-
2, with its site of coordinative unsaturation) compared to the mechanism of cyclohexene reduction may also be at work here.
-
-
-
-
47
-
-
26944497063
-
-
note
-
26b,e
-
-
-
-
48
-
-
33751154895
-
-
see for example Figure 2 therein. We thank a referee for this reference and for their input on this important point
-
(b) Leff, D.; Ohara, P. C.; Heath, J. R.; Gelbart, W. M. J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 7036; see for example Figure 2 therein. We thank a referee for this reference and for their input on this important point.
-
(1995)
J. Phys. Chem.
, vol.99
, pp. 7036
-
-
Leff, D.1
Ohara, P.C.2
Heath, J.R.3
Gelbart, W.M.4
-
50
-
-
0034673326
-
-
(d) Neurock, M.; Pallassana, V.; van Santen, R. A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 1150.
-
(2000)
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
, vol.122
, pp. 1150
-
-
Neurock, M.1
Pallassana, V.2
Van Santen, R.A.3
-
51
-
-
0032481675
-
-
(e) Templeton, A. C.; Hostetler, M. J.; Kraft, C. T.; Murray, R. W. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 1906.
-
(1998)
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
, vol.120
, pp. 1906
-
-
Templeton, A.C.1
Hostetler, M.J.2
Kraft, C.T.3
Murray, R.W.4
-
52
-
-
26944451524
-
-
(f) Varushchenko, V. M.; Polkovnikov, B. D.; Bogdanovskii, G. A.; Akimov, V. M. Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Khim. 1972, 7, 1662.
-
(1972)
Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Khim.
, vol.7
, pp. 1662
-
-
Varushchenko, V.M.1
Polkovnikov, B.D.2
Bogdanovskii, G.A.3
Akimov, V.M.4
-
53
-
-
26944499640
-
-
note
-
(g) Interestingly, a SciFinder search of "decreasing heats of adsorption with increasing surface coverage" yielded 66 hits, suggesting the greater generality of this phenomenon, although many of the references were on systems other than ligands attached to transition-metal surfaces.
-
-
-
-
54
-
-
0942288113
-
-
(h) Parks, E. K.; Nieman, G. C.; Kerns, K. P.; Riley, S. J. J. Chem. Phys. 1998, 108, 3731.
-
(1998)
J. Chem. Phys.
, vol.108
, pp. 3731
-
-
Parks, E.K.1
Nieman, G.C.2
Kerns, K.P.3
Riley, S.J.4
-
55
-
-
26944437645
-
-
note
-
30 (i.e., cf. the up to 5-fold greater R value for a protein single-crystal structure vs a small molecule R value). They may also prove to be relatively small error bars for reactions involving two autocatalytic steps.
-
-
-
-
56
-
-
0029650768
-
-
(b) Epstein, I. R. Nature 1995, 374, 321.
-
(1995)
Nature
, vol.374
, pp. 321
-
-
Epstein, I.R.1
-
57
-
-
26944459442
-
-
Finney, E. E.; Finke, R. G. Unpublished results and experiments in progress
-
Finney, E. E.; Finke, R. G. Unpublished results and experiments in progress.
-
-
-
-
58
-
-
26944493988
-
-
note
-
The other available kinetic packages that allow fitting are, as far as we have been able to discern: Gepasi (http://www.gepasi.org), the package Kinsim/Fitsim (http://biochem.wustl.edu/cflab/message.html), ZiTa (http://www.staff.u-szeged.hu/~peintler/index.html), and Dynafit (http://uwmml.pharmacy.wi.sc.edu). Additional information is provided in the Supporting Information. We are working with the author of Dynafit to see if that promising package cannot be customized to be more useful for treating nonbiological problems (e.g., where the ability to treat fractional coefficients for rate equations, as seen herein, will be possible).
-
-
-
-
59
-
-
0003143466
-
Transition metal nanoclusters
-
Feldheim, D. L., Foss, C. A., Jr., Eds.; Marcel Dekker: New York
-
See p 27 and ref 4 elsewhere for a discussion of the loss of precision observed in many macromolecule or materials systems and where one is measuring a collective or bulk property, and especially if the resultant material contains some polydispersity: Finke, R. G. Transition Metal Nanoclusters. In Metal Nanoparticles, Synthesis, Characterization and Applications; Feldheim, D. L., Foss, C. A., Jr., Eds.; Marcel Dekker: New York, 2001.
-
(2001)
Metal Nanoparticles, Synthesis, Characterization and Applications
-
-
Finke, R.G.1
-
60
-
-
26944434023
-
-
note
-
31b,c cannot supply even a single, complete mechanism with elementary or pseudoelementary steps and rate constants (mostly a "word mechanism" is used instead, which is typical of proposed mechanisms since the time of LaMer's work6 as discussed briefly elsewhere2). Clearly, kinetic and mechanistic studies of self-assembly materials syntheses presents a generally quite difficult challenge.
-
-
-
-
61
-
-
0026120774
-
-
see also refs 5, 36, and 37 therein
-
(b) Bogush, G. H.; Zukoski, C. F., IV. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 1991, 142, 1; see also refs 5, 36, and 37 therein.
-
(1991)
J. Colloid Interface Sci.
, vol.142
, pp. 1
-
-
Bogush, G.H.1
Zukoski IV, C.F.2
-
66
-
-
0000939999
-
-
33c nucleation over growth steps: (a) Murray, C. B.; Norris, D. J.; Bawendi, M. G. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 8706.
-
(1993)
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
, vol.115
, pp. 8706
-
-
Murray, C.B.1
Norris, D.J.2
Bawendi, M.G.3
-
67
-
-
0040405296
-
-
(b) Katari, J. E. B.; Colvin, V. L.; Alivisatos, A. P. J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 4109.
-
(1994)
J. Phys. Chem.
, vol.98
, pp. 4109
-
-
Katari, J.E.B.1
Colvin, V.L.2
Alivisatos, A.P.3
-
68
-
-
0000164293
-
-
(c) Strey, R.; Wagner, P. E.; Viisanen, Y. J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 7748.
-
(1994)
J. Phys. Chem.
, vol.98
, pp. 7748
-
-
Strey, R.1
Wagner, P.E.2
Viisanen, Y.3
-
69
-
-
26944439674
-
-
Finney, E. E.; Finke, R. G. Unpublished results and experiments in progress
-
Finney, E. E.; Finke, R. G. Unpublished results and experiments in progress.
-
-
-
-
70
-
-
85012820453
-
-
Exceptions where such Pt or Pd quantitation is performed are as follows: (a) Reetz, M. T.; Helbig, W. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 7401.
-
(1994)
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
, vol.116
, pp. 7401
-
-
Reetz, M.T.1
Helbig, W.2
-
71
-
-
0038738769
-
-
(b) Moiseev, I. I.; Rudy, R. I.; Cherkashina, N. V.; Shubochkin, L. K.; Kochubey, D. I.; Novgorodov, B. N.; Kryukova, G. A.; Kolomiychuk, V. N.; Vargaftik, M. N. Inorg. Chim. Acta 1998, 280, 339.
-
(1998)
Inorg. Chim. Acta
, vol.280
, pp. 339
-
-
Moiseev, I.I.1
Rudy, R.I.2
Cherkashina, N.V.3
Shubochkin, L.K.4
Kochubey, D.I.5
Novgorodov, B.N.6
Kryukova, G.A.7
Kolomiychuk, V.N.8
Vargaftik, M.N.9
-
73
-
-
0003715791
-
-
Pope, M. T., Müller, A., Eds.; Kluwer Academic Publishers: The Netherlands
-
(b) Errington, R. J.; Lax, C.; Richards, D. G.; Clegg, W.; Fraser, K. A. In Polyoxometalates; Pope, M. T., Müller, A., Eds.; Kluwer Academic Publishers: The Netherlands, 1994; pp 105-114.
-
(1994)
Polyoxometalates
, pp. 105-114
-
-
Errington, R.J.1
Lax, C.2
Richards, D.G.3
Clegg, W.4
Fraser, K.A.5
-
74
-
-
26944470226
-
-
See refs 2a,b, 3, 11, and 12 cited herein
-
(c) See refs 2a,b, 3, 11, and 12 cited herein.
-
-
-
-
75
-
-
0033801633
-
-
(d) Theil, E. C.; Takagi, H.; Small, G. W.; He, L.; Tipton, A. R.; Danger, D. Inorg. Chim. Acta 2000, 297, 242.
-
(2000)
Inorg. Chim. Acta
, vol.297
, pp. 242
-
-
Theil, E.C.1
Takagi, H.2
Small, G.W.3
He, L.4
Tipton, A.R.5
Danger, D.6
-
76
-
-
0032542268
-
-
A SciFinder search reveals that kinetic and mechanistic studies of self-assembly reactions are fairly rare in any area of chemical science, despite the importance of and emphasis on self-assembly to make more complex structures and materials. Lead references to studies of small, metal-template systems are as follows: (a) Hasenknopf, B.; Lehn, J.-M.; Boumediene, N.; Leize, E.; Van Dorsselaer, A. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 1998, 37, 3265.
-
(1998)
Angew. Chem., Int. Ed.
, vol.37
, pp. 3265
-
-
Hasenknopf, B.1
Lehn, J.-M.2
Boumediene, N.3
Leize, E.4
Van Dorsselaer, A.5
-
77
-
-
0034895381
-
-
(b) Fatin-Rouge, N.; Pfeil, A.; Rigault, A.; Albrecht-Gary, A.-M.; Lehn, J.-M. Helv. Chim. Acta 2001, 84, 1694.
-
(2001)
Helv. Chim. Acta
, vol.84
, pp. 1694
-
-
Fatin-Rouge, N.1
Pfeil, A.2
Rigault, A.3
Albrecht-Gary, A.-M.4
Lehn, J.-M.5
-
79
-
-
0034638898
-
-
(d) Fatin-Rouge, N.; Blanc, S.; Leize, E.; Van Dorsselaer, A.; Baret, P.; Pierre, J.-L.; Albrecht-Gary, A.-M. Inorg. Chem. 2000, 39, 5771.
-
(2000)
Inorg. Chem.
, vol.39
, pp. 5771
-
-
Fatin-Rouge, N.1
Blanc, S.2
Leize, E.3
Van Dorsselaer, A.4
Baret, P.5
Pierre, J.-L.6
Albrecht-Gary, A.-M.7
-
80
-
-
0037433271
-
-
(e) Hamacek, J.; Blanc, S.; Elhabiri, M.; Leize, E.; Van Dorsselaer, A.; Piguet, C.; Albrecht-Gary, A.-M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 1541.
-
(2003)
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
, vol.125
, pp. 1541
-
-
Hamacek, J.1
Blanc, S.2
Elhabiri, M.3
Leize, E.4
Van Dorsselaer, A.5
Piguet, C.6
Albrecht-Gary, A.-M.7
-
81
-
-
1642471709
-
-
(f) Elhabiri, M.; Hamacek, J.; Bünzli, J.-C. G.; Albrecht-Gary, A.-M. Eur. J. Chem. 2004, 51.
-
(2004)
Eur. J. Chem.
, pp. 51
-
-
Elhabiri, M.1
Hamacek, J.2
Bünzli, J.-C.G.3
Albrecht-Gary, A.-M.4
|