The thermodynamics of nitrogen adsorption on nickel clusters: Ni19-Ni71

Journal of Chemical Physics

Volumn 108, Issue 9, 1998, Pages 3731-3739

  Parks, E K ^a   Nieman, G C ^a,b   Kerns, K P ^a   Riley, S J ^a  

^a ARGONNE NATIONAL LABORATORY   (United States)

^b MONMOUTH COLLEGE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0942288113     PISSN: 00219606     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1063/1.475779     Document Type: Article

References (65)

1. M. Bertino, W. Steinhögl, H. Range, F. Hofmann, G. Witte, E. Hulpke, and Ch. Wöll. Appl. Phys. A 62, 95 (1996).
2. J. Yoshinobu, R. Zenobi, J. Xu, Z. Xu, and J. T. Yates, Jr., J. Chem. Phys. 95, 9393 (1991).
3. C. N. Rao and G. Ranga Rao, Surf. Sci. Rep. 13, 221 (1991).
4. S. Varma and P. A. Dowben, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 8, 2605 (1990).
5. S. G. Fox, V. M. Browne, and P. Hollins, J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 1989, 697.
6. A. Quick, V. M. Browne, S. G. Fox, and P. Hollins, Surf. Sci. 221, 48 (1989).
7. Y. Kuwahara, M. Fujisawa, M. Onchi, and M. Nishijima, Surf. Sci. 207, 17 (1988).
8. Y. Wu and P. Cao, Surf. Sci. 179, L26 (1987).
9. M. Grunze, W. N. Unertl, and M. Golze, Prog. Surf. Sci. 22, 101 (1986).
10. M. E. Brubaker and M. Trenary, J. Chem. Phys. 85, 6100 (1986).
11. J. A. Stroscio, M. Persson, and W. Ho, Phys. Rev. B 33, 6758 (1986).
12. G. R. Rao, K. Prabhakaran, and C. N. R. Rao, Surf. Sci. 176, L835 (1986).
13. M. J. Breitschafter, E. Umbach, and D. Menzel, Surf. Sci. 178, 725 (1986).
14. H.-J. Freund, R. P. Messmer, C. M. Kao, and E. W. Plummer, Phys. Rev. B 31, 4848 (1985).
15. P. A. Dowben, Y. Sakisaka, and T. N. Rhodin, Surf. Sci. 147, 89 (1984).
16. M. J. Grunze, J. Fuhler, M. Neumann, C. R. Brundle, D. J. Auerback, and J. Behm, Surf. Sci. 139, 109 (1984).
17. M. Grunze, P. A. Dowben, and R. G. Jones, Surf. Sci. 141, 455 (1984).
18. J. B. Benziger and R. E. Preston, Surf. Sci. 141, 567 (1984).
19. R. P. Messmer, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A. 2, 899 (1984).
20. K. Jacobi and H. H. Rotermund, Surf. Sci. 133, 401 (1983).
21. M. Grunze, P. H. Kleban, W. N. Unertl, and F. S. Rys, Phys. Rev. Lett. 51, 582 (1983).
22. J. Stöhr and R. Jaeger, Phys. Rev. B 26, 4111 (1982).
23. K. Horn, J. DiNardo, W. Eberhardt, H.-J. Freund, and E. W. Plummer, Surf. Sci. 118, 465 (1982).
24. B. J. Bandy, N. D. S. Canning, P. Hollins, and J. Pritchard, J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 1982, 58.
25. Y.-P. Hsu, K. Jacobi, and H. H. Rotermund, Surf. Sci. 117, 581 (1982).
26. M. Golze, M. Grunze, and W. Hirschwald, Vacuum 31, 697 (1981).
27. C. Schmeisser, K. Jacobi, and D. M. Kolb, Vacuum 31, 439 (1981).
28. C. R. Brundle, P. S. Bagus, D. Menzel, and K. Hermann, Phys. Rev. B 24, 7041 (1981).
29. P. S. Bagus, C. R. Brundle, K. Hermann, and D. Menzel, J. Electron. Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. 20, 253 (1980).
30. M. Golze, M. Grunze, R. K. Driscoll, and W. Hirsch, Appl. Surf. Sci. 6, 464 (1980).
31. M. Grunze, R. K. Driscoll, G. N. Burland, J. C. L. Cornish, and J. Pritchard, Surf. Sci. 89, 381 (1979).
32. G. Doyen and G. Ertl, Surf. Sci. 69, 157 (1977).
33. Robert, P. Eischens, Acc. Chem. Res. 5, 74 (1972).
34. A. M. Bradshaw and J. Pritchard, Surf. Sci. 19, 198 (1970).
35. R. van Hardeveld and A. van Montfoort, Surf. Sci. 17, 90 (1969).
36. D. A. King, Surf. Sci. 9, 375 (1968).
37. R. van Hardeveld and A. van Montfoort, Surf. Sci. 4, 396 (1966).
38. E. K. Parks, G. C. Nieman, K. P. Kerns, and S. J. Riley, J. Chem. Phys. 107, 1861 (1997).
39. J. Ho, E. K. Parks, L. Zhu, and S. J. Riley, Chem. Phys. 201, 245 (1995).
40. E. K. Parks, and S. J. Riley, Z. Phys. D 33, 59 (1995).
41. E. K. Parks, L. Zhu, J. Ho, and S. J. Riley, J. Chem. Phys. 102, 7377 (1995).
42. E. K. Parks, L. Zhu, J. Ho, and S. J. Riley, Z. Phys. D 26, 41 (1993).
43. E. K. Parks, L. Zhu, J. Ho, and S. J. Riley, J. Chem. Phys. 100, 7206 (1994).
44. By icosahedral packing, we include multilayer icosahedral structures with closed shells at 13, 55, 147, etc., atoms as well as polyicosahedral clusters which can be constructed from interpenetrating double icosahedral.
45. E. K. Parks, B. J. Winter, T. D. Klots, and S. J. Riley, J. Chem. Phys. 94, 1882 (1991).
46. F. A. Reuse, S. N. Khanna, B. V. Reddy, and J. Buttet, Chem. Phys. Lett. 267, 258 (1997).
47. (a) E. K. Parks, B. H. Weiller, P. S. Bechthold, W. F. Hoffman, G. C. Nieman, L. G. Pobo, and S. J. Riley, J. Chem. Phys. 88, 1662 (1988);
48. (b) P. S. Bechthold, E. K. Parks, B. H. Weiller, L. G. Pobo, and S. J. Riley, Z. Phys. Chem. N. F. 169, 101 (1990);
49. (c) E. K. Parks and S. J. Riley, in The Chemical Physics of Atomic and Molecular Clusters, edited by G. Scoles, (North Holland, Amsterdam, 1990), p. 761.
50. The MKS Baratron was returned to the manufacturer for recalibration six months prior to the present experiments.
51. E. K. Parks, G. C. Nieman, and S. J. Riley, Surf. Sci. 355, 127 (1996). The diameter of the FTR for the present studies is three times larger than that shown in this reference.
52. The temperature, density, and flow velocity along the axis of the nozzle expansion can be expressed in terms of the Mach number. The Mach number along the expansion axis is obtained for a helium expansion from the Ashkenas and Sherman fit to the method of characteristics solution of the hydrodynamic flow equations [H. Ashkenas and F. S. Sherman, in Rarefied Gas Dynamics, edited by J. H. de Leeuw (Academic, New York, 1996), Vol. 2, p. 84]. The time integral is then converted to a distance integral along the axis of the expansion, and the Mach number is expressed in terms of that distance.
53. M. B. Knickelbein, S. Yang, and S. J. Riley, J. Chem. Phys. 93, 94 (1990).
54. 2 on Ni(110) decreases the work function by ∼0.1 eV (see Ref. 31).
55. 2 in those few cases where ΔE is slightly less than the photon energy is very unlikely.
56. 2 in those few cases where ΔE is slightly less than the photon energy is very unlikely.
57. The calculation was based on the lowest mode of diffusion and a hard sphere diffusion cross section between a He atom and a spherical cluster with a bulk density.
58. 2 species.
59. E. K. Parks and S. J. Riley, J. Chem. Phys. 99, 5898 (1993).
60. M. Grunze, F. Bozso, G. Ertl, and W. Weiss, Appl. Surf. Sci. 1, 241 (1978).
61. S. W. Benson, in Thermochemical Kinetics (Wiley, New York, 1976), p. 290.
62. N. Y. Richardson and A. M. Bradshaw, Surf. Sci. 88, 253 (1979).
63. T. L. Wetzel and A. E. DePristo, J. Chem. Phys. 105, 572 (1996).
64. The 12 six-coordinate atoms on the double icosahedron include the 2 identical atoms at opposite ends of the cluster and two sets of 5 identical atoms. The first coordination shells of all 12 atoms are the same, implying similar binding abilities.
65. J. Farges, M. F. deFeraudy, B. Raoult, and G. Torchet, Surf. Sci. 156, 370 (1985).