Purification of functional full-length liver X receptor β produced in Escherichia coli

Protein Expression and Purification

Volumn 35, Issue 2, 2004, Pages 190-198

  Toresson, Gudrun ^a   Schuster, Gertrud U ^a   Steffensen, Knut R ^a   Bengtsson, Martin ^b   Ljunggren, Jan ^b   Dahlman Wright, Karin ^a   Gustafsson, Jan Åke ^a  

^a KAROLINSKA INSTITUTE   (Sweden)

^b Karo Bio   (Sweden)

Author keywords

Coactivator; Expression in E. coli; Hexahistidine tag; Liver X receptor; Nuclear receptor; RAP2050; Response element; Retinoid X receptor

Indexed keywords

BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); ESCHERICHIA COLI; VERTEBRATA;

EID: 2642570392     PISSN: 10465928     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2004.01.007     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. V. Bocher, L.J. Millatt, J.-C. Fruchart, B. Staels, Liver X receptors: new players in atherogenesis?, Curr. Opin. Lipidol. 14 (2003) 137-143.
2. P. Tontonoz, D.J. Mangelsdorf, Liver X receptor signaling pathways in cardiovascular disease, Mol. Endocrinol. 17 (2003) 985-993.
3. B.A. Lafitte, L.C. Chao, J. Li, R. Walczak, S. Hummasti, S.B. Joseph, A. Castrillo, D.C. Wilpitz, D.J. Mangelsdorf, J.L. Collins, E. Saez, P. Tontonoz, Activation of liver X receptor improves glucose tolerance through coordinate regulation of glucose metabolism in liver and adipose tissue, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 100 (2003) 5419-5424.
4. T.M. Stulnig, K.R. Steffensen, H. Gao, M. Reimers, K. Dahlman-Wright, G.U. Schuster, J.-Å. Gustafsson, Novel roles of liver X receptors exposed by gene expression profiling in liver and adipose tissue, Mol. Pharmacol. 62 (2002) 1299-1305.
5. B.M. Forman, B. Ruan, J. Chen, G.J. Schroepfer Jr., R.M. Evans, The orphan nuclear receptor LXRalpha is positively and negatively regulated by distinct products of mevalonate metabolism, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 94 (1997) 10588-10593.
6. B.A. Janowski, P.J. Willy, T.R. Devi, J.R. Falck, D.J. Mangelsdorf, An oxysterol signaling pathway mediated by the nuclear receptor LXR alpha, Nature 383 (1996) 728-731.
7. J.M. Lehmann, S.A. Kliewer, L.B. Moore, T.A. Smith-Oliver, B.B. Oliver, J.L. Su, S.S. Sundseth, D.A. Winegar, D.E. Blanchard, T.A. Spencer, T.M. Wilson, Activation of the nuclear receptor LXR by oxysterols defines a new hormone response pathway, J. Biol. Chem. 272 (1997) 3137-3140.
8. J.R. Schultz, H. Tu, A. Luk, J.J. Repa, J.C. Medina, L. Li, S. Schwendner, S. Wang, M. Thoolen, D.J. Mangelsdorf, K.D. Lustig, B. Shan, Role of LXRs in control of lipogenesis, Genes Dev. 14 (2000) 2831-2838.
9. J.L. Collins, A.M. Fivush, M.A. Watson, C.M. Galardi, M.C. Lewis, L.B. Moore, D.J. Parks, J.G. Wilson, T.K. Tippin, J.G. Binz, K.D. Plunket, D.G. Morgan, E.J. Beaudet, K.D. Whitney, S.A. Kliewer, T.M. Wilson, Identification of a nonsteroidal liver X receptor agonist through parallel synthesis of tertiary amines, J. Med. Chem. 45 (2002) 1963-1966.
10. C.P. Sparrow, J. Baffic, M.-H. Lam, E.G. Lund, A.D. Adams, X. Fu, N. Hayes, A.B. Jones, K.L. Macnaul, J. Ondeyka, S. Singh, J. Wang, G. Zhou, D.E. Moller, S.D. Wright, J.G. Menke, A potent synthetic LXR agonist is more effective than cholesterol loading at inducing ABCA1 mRNA and stimulating cholesterol efflux, J. Biol. Chem. 277 (2002) 10021-10027.
11. D.J. Peet, S.D. Turley, W. Ma, B.A. Janowski, J.M. Lobaccaro, R.E. Hammer, D.J. Mangelsdorf, Cholesterol and bile acid metabolism are impaired in mice lacking the nuclear oxysterol receptor LXR alpha, Cell 93 (1998) 693-704.
12. S. Alberti, G. Schuster, P. Parini, D. Feltkamp, U. Diczfalusy, M. Rudling, B. Angelin, I. Björkhem, S. Pettersson, J.-Å. Gustafsson, Hepatic cholesterol metabolism and resistance to dietary cholesterol in LXRβ-deficient mice, J. Clin. Invest. 107 (2001) 565-573.
13. G.U. Schuster, P. Parini, L. Wang, S. Alberti, K.R. Steffensen, G.K. Hansson, B. Angelin, J.-Å. Gustafsson, Accumulation of foam cells in liver X receptor-deficient mice, Circulation 106 (2002) 1147-1153.
14. F.F. Wiebel, K.R. Steffensen, E. Treuter, D. Feltkamp, J.-Å. Gustafsson, Ligand-independent coregulator recruitment by the triply activatable OR1/retinoid X receptor-α nuclear receptor heterodimer, Mol. Endocrinol. 13 (1999) 1105-1118.
15. S.K. Lee, S.Y. Jung, Y.S. Kim, S.Y. Na, Y.C. Lee, J.W. Lee, Two distinct nuclear receptor-interaction domains and CREB-binding protein-dependent transactivation function of activating signal cointegrator-2, Mol. Endocrinol. 15 (2001) 241-254.
16. S.-W. Kim, K. Park, E. Kwak, E. Choi, S. Lee, J. Ham, H. Kang, J.M. Kim, S.Y. Hwang, Y.-Y. Kong, K. Lee, J.W. Lee, Activating signal cointegrator 2 required for liver lipid metabolism mediated by liver X receptors in mice, Mol. Cell. Biol. 23 (2003) 3583-3592.
17. X. Hu, S. Li, J. Wu, C. Xia, D.S. Lala, Liver X receptors interact with corepressors to regulate gene expression, Mol. Endocrinol. 17 (2003) 1019-1026.
18. A. Wärnmark, E. Treuter, J.-Å. Gustafsson, R.E. Hubbards, A.M. Brzozowski, A.C.W. Pike, Interaction of transcriptional intermediary factor 2 nuclear receptor box peptides with the coactivator binding site of estrogen receptor α, J. Biol. Chem. 277 (2002) 21862-21869.
19. D.L. Bain, M.A. Franden, J.L. McManaman, G.S. Takimoto, K.B. Horwitz, The N-terminal region of human progesterone B-receptors: biophysical and biochemical comparison to A-receptors, J. Biol. Chem. 276 (2001) 23825-23831.
20. G. Rymarczyk, I. Grad, A. Rusek, K. Oświcimska-Rusin, A. Niedziela-Majka, M. Kochman, A. Ożyhar, Purification of Drosophila melanogaster ultraspiracle protein and analysis of its A/B region-dependent dimerization behavior in vitro, Biol. Chem. 384 (2003) 59-69.
21. M. Teboul, E. Enmark, Q. Li, A.C. Wikström, M. Pelto-Huikko, J.-Å. Gustafsson, OR-1, a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily that interacts with the 9-cis-retinoic acid receptor, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 92 (1995) 2096-2100.
22. D. Feltkamp, F.F. Wiebel, S. Alberti, J.-Å. Gustafsson, Identification of a novel DNA binding site for nuclear orphan receptor OR1, J. Biol. Chem. 274 (1999) 10421-10429.
23. U.K. Laemmli, Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4, Nature 227 (1970) 680-685.
24. K.L. Gearing, M. Gottlicher, M. Teboul, E. Widmark, J.-Å. Gustafsson, Interaction of the peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor and retinoid X receptor, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 90 (1993) 1440-1444.
25. M. Kussmann, E. Nordhoff, H. Rahbek-Nielsen, S. Haebel, M. Rossel-Larsen, L. Jakobsen, J. Gobom, E. Mirgorodskaya, A. Kroll-Kristensen, L. Palm, P. Roepstorff, Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry sample preparation techniques designed for various peptide and protein analytes, J. Mass. Spectrom. 32 (1997) 593-601.
26. J.G. Thomas, F. Baneyx, Divergent effects of chaperone overexpression and ethanol supplementation on inclusion body formation in recombinant Escherichia coli, Protein Express. Purif. 11 (1997) 289-296.
27. F.B. Nygaard, K.W. Harlow, Heterologous expression of soluble, active proteins in Escherichia coli: the human estrogen receptor hormone-binding domain as a paradigm, Protein Express. Purif. 21 (2001) 500-509.
28. H. Escriva, F. Delaunay, V. Laudet, Ligand binding and nuclear receptor evolution, BioEssays 22 (2000) 717-727.
29. R. Apfel, D. Benbrook, E. Lernhardt, M.A. Ortiz, G. Salbert, M. Pfahl, A novel orphan receptor specific for a subset of thyroid hormone-responsive elements and its interaction with the retinoid/thyroid hormone receptor subfamily, Mol. Cell. Biol. 14 (1994) 7025-7035.
30. P.J. Willy, K. Umesono, E.S. Ong, R.M. Evans, R.A. Heyman, D.J. Mangelsdorf, LXR, a nuclear receptor that defines a distinct retinoid response pathway, Genes Dev. 9 (1995) 1033-1045.
31. S. Williams, R.K. Bledsoe, J.L. Collins, S. Boggs, M.-H. Lambert, A.B. Miller, J. Moore, D.D. McKee, L. Moore, J. Nichols, D. Parks, M. Watson, B. Wisley, T.M. Wilson, X-ray crystal structure of the liver X receptor β ligand binding domain: regulation by a histidine-tryptophan switch, J. Biol. Chem. 278 (2003) 27138-27143.
32. S. Kersten, D. Kelleher, P. Chambon, H. Gronemeyer, N. Noy, Retinoid X receptorα forms tetramers in solution, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 92 (1995) 8645-8649.
33. S. Kersten, L. Pan, P. Chambon, H. Gronemeyer, N. Noy, Role of ligand in retinoid signaling. 9-cis-retinoic acid modulates the oligomeric state of the retinoid X receptor, Biochemistry 34 (1995) 13717-13721.
34. F. Caira, P. Antonsson, M. Pelto-Huikko, E. Treuter, J.-Å. Gustafsson, Cloning and characterization of RAP250, a novel nuclear receptor coactivator, J. Biol. Chem. 275 (2000) 5308-5317.