Expression of latent HAART-persistent HIV type 1 induced by novel cellular activating agents

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses

Volumn 20, Issue 5, 2004, Pages 497-505

  Kulkosky, Joseph ^a,b   Sullivan, Julie ^a   Xu, Yan ^a   Souder, Emily ^a   Hamer, Dean H ^c   Pomerantz, Roger J ^a  

^a THOMAS JEFFERSON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b CHESTNUT HILL COLLEGE   (United States)

^c NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

12 DEOXYPHORBOL 13 PHENYLACETATE; ACETIC ACID; ANTIGEN P24; CAPSID PROTEIN; INTERLEUKIN 2; MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY; OKT 3; PHORBOL; PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININ; T LYMPHOCYTE RECEPTOR; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ARTICLE; CELL ACTIVATION; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; EXPOSURE; HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS 1; LATENT PERIOD; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; VIRUS EXPRESSION; VIRUS INDUCTION;

EID: 2642546509     PISSN: 08892229     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1089/088922204323087741     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Chun TW, Carruth D, Finzi D, et al.: Quantification of latent tissue reservoirs and total body viral load in HIV-1 infection. Nature 1997;387:183-188.
2. Chun TW, Stuyver L, Mizell SB, et al.: Presence of an inducible HIV-1 latent reservoir during highly active anti-retroviral therapy. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:13193-13197.
3. Chun TW, Engle D, Berrey DD, et al.: Early establishment of a pool of latently infected resting CD4+ T cells during primary HIV-1 infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998;95:8869-8873.
4. Chun TW, Justement JS, Pandya P, et al.: Relationship between the size of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reservoir in peripheral blood CD4+ T cells and CD4+:CD8+ cell ratios in aviremic HIV-1-infected individuals receiving long-term highly active antiretroviral therapy. J Infect. Dis 2002;185:1672-1676.
5. Finzi D, Hermankova M, Pierson T, et al.: Identification of a reservoir for HIV-1 patients on highly active anti-retroviral therapy. Science 1997;278:1295-1300.
6. Wong JK, Hezareh M, Gunthard HF, et al.: Recovery of replication- competent HIV despite prolonged suppression of plasma viremia. Science 1997;278:1291-1295.
7. Belmonte L, Bare P, Picchio GR, et al.: Decreased recovery of replication-competent HIV-1 from peripheral blood mononuclear cell-derived monocyte/macrophages of HIV-positive patients after 3 years on highly active antiretroviral therapy. AIDS 2002;16:1289-1291.
8. Douek D, Brenchley JM, Betts MR, et al.: HIV preferentially infects HIV-specific CD4+ T cells. Nature 2002;417:95-98.
9. Harrold SM, Wang G, McMahon DK, et al.: Recovery of replication-competent HIV type 1-infected circulating monocytes from individuals receiving antiretroviral therapy. AIDS Res Human Retroviruses 2002;18:427-434.
10. Zhu T, Muthui D, Holte S, et al.: Evidence for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication in vivo in CD14+ monocytes and its potential role as a source of virus in patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy. J Virol 2001;76:707-716.
11. Frenkel LM, Wang Y, Learn GH, et al.: Multiple viral genetic analyses detect low-level human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication during effective highly active antiretroviral therapy. J Virol 2003;77:5721-5730.
12. Ho D: Toward HIV eradication or remission: The tasks ahead. Science 1998;280:1866-1867.
13. Mascio M, Dornadula G, Zhang H, et al.: In a subset of subjects on highly active antiretroviral therapy, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA in plasma decays from 50 to <5 copies per milliliter, with a half-life of six months. J Virol 2003;77:2271-2275.
14. Finzi D, Blankson J, Siliciano JS, et al.: Latent infection of CD4+ T cells provides a mechanism for lifelong persistence of HIV-1, even in patients on effective combination therapy. Nat Med 1999;5:512-517.
15. Persaud D, Zhou Y, Siliciano JM, and Siliciano RF: Latency in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection: No easy answers. J Virol 2003;77:1659-1665.
16. Huisman MT, Smit JW, and Schinkel AH: Significance of P-glycoprotein for the pharmacology and clinical use of HIV protease inhibitors. AIDS 2000;14:237-242.
17. Pomerantz RJ: Residual HIV-1 infection during anti-retroviral therapy. AIDS 2001;15:1-11.
18. Kulkosky J and Pomerantz RJ: Approaching eradication of highly active antiretroviral therapy - persistent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reservoirs with immune activation therapy. Clin Infect Dis 2002;35:1520-1526.
19. Hamer DH, Bocklandt S, McHugh T-W, et al.: Rational design of drugs that induce human immunodeficiency virus replication. J Virol 2003;77:10227-10236.
20. McMichael AJ and Rowland-Jones SL: Bad news for stop-start therapy? Nature 2002;420:371-372.
21. Kulkosky J, Nunnari G, Otero M, et al.: Intensification and stimulatory therapy for HIV-1 reservoirs in infected individuals on virally-suppressive HAART. J Infect Dis 2002;186:1403-1411.
22. Chun TW, Engel D, Mizell SB, Ehler LA, and Fauci AS: Induction of HIV-1 replication in latently infected CD4+ cells using a combination of cytokines. J Exp Med 1998;188:83-91.
23. Prins JM, Jurrianns S, van Praag RME, et al.: Immunoactivation with anti-CD3 and recombinant human IL-2 in HIV-1 infected patients on potent antiretroviral therapy. AIDS 1999;13:2405-2410.
24. Sell S : Immunology, Immunopathology and Immunity, 6th ed. ASM Press, Washington D.C., 2001.
25. Fraser C, Ferguson NM, Ghani AC, et al.: Reduction of the HIV-1-infected T-cell reservoir by immune activation treatment is dose-dependent and restricted by the potency of antiretroviral drugs. AIDS 2000;14:659-669.
26. Lafeuillade A, Poggi C, Chadapaud S, et al.: Pilot study of a combination of highly active antiretroviral therapy and cytokines to induce HIV-1 remission. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2001;26:44-55.
27. Kulkosky J, Culnan DM, Roman J, et al.: Prostratin: Activation of latent HIV-1 expression suggests a potential inductive adjuvant therapy for HAART. Blood 2001;98:3006-3015.
28. Szallasa A, Kramanovic L, and Blumberg PNM: Non-promoting 12-deoxyphorbol-13-esters inhibit phorbol myristate-13-acetate induced tumor promotion in CD-1 mouse skin. Cancer Res 1993;52:2507-2512.
29. Cox PA: Will tribal knowledge survive the millennium? Science 2000;287:44-45.
30. Gustafson KR, Cardellina JH, McMahon JB, et al.: A non-promoting phorbol from the Samoan medicinal plant, Homalanthus nutans, inhibits cell killing by HIV-1. J Med Chem 1992;35:1978-1986.
31. Gulakowski RJ, McMahon JB, Buckheit RW, Gustafson KR, and Boyd MR: Antireplicative and anti-cytopathic activities of prostratin, a non-tumor promoting phorbol ester, against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Antiviral Res 1997;33:287-297.
32. Zhang H, Dornadula G, Beaumont M, et al.: High immunodeficiency virus type 1 in the semen of men receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy. N Engl J Med 1998;339:1803-1809.
33. Kulkosky J, Sullivan J, Xu Y, et al.: Genotypic alteration of HAART-persistent HIV-1 reservoirs in vivo. Virology 2003;314:617-629.
34. Bockland S, Blumberg PM, and Hamer DH: Activation of latent HIV-1 expression by the potent anti-tumor promoter 12-deoxyphorbol 13-phenylacetate. Antiviral Res 2003;59:89-98.
35. McLean AR and Michie CA: In vivo estimates of division and death rates of human T-lymphocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995;92:3707-3711.
36. Ramratnam B, Mittler JE, Zhang L, et al.: The decay of the latent reservoir of replication-competent HIV-1 is inversely correlated with the extent of residual viral replication during prolonged antiretroviral therapy. Nat Med 2000;6:82-85.
37. van Praag RME, Prins JM, Roos MTL, et al.: OKT3 and IL-2 treatment for purging of the latent HIV-1 reservoir in vivo results in selective long-lasting CD4+ T cell depletion. J Clin Immunol 2001;21:218-226.
38. Lawn SD, Roberts BD, Griffin GE, Folks TM, and Butera ST: Cellular compartments of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication in vivo: Determination by presence of virion-associated host proteins and impact of opportunistic infection. J Virol 2000;74:139-145.
39. Nickle DC, Jensen MA, Shriner D, et al.: Evolutionary indicators of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reservoir and compartments. J Virol 2003;77:5540-5546.
40. Brooks DG, Hamer DH, Arlen PA, Gao L, Bristol G, Kitchen CMR, Berger EA, and Zack JA: Molecular characterization, reactivation and depletion of latent HIV. Immunity 2003;19:413-423.
41. Korin YD, Brook DG, Brown S, Korotzer A, and Zack JA: Effects of prostratin on T-cell activation and human immunodeficiency virus latency. J Virol 2002;76:8118-8123.