Applied physics: Imaging spin transport in lateral ferromagnet/ semiconductor structures

Science

Volumn 309, Issue 5744, 2005, Pages 2191-2195

  Crooker, S A ^a   Furis, M ^a   Lou, X ^b   Adelmann, C ^b   Smith, D L ^c   Palmstrom C J ^b   Crowell, P A ^b  

^a LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL LABORATORY   (United States)

^b University of Minnesota ^*  (United States)

^c LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL LABORATORY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FERROMAGNETIC MATERIALS; POLARIZATION; SEMICONDUCTING GALLIUM ARSENIDE; SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIALS;

ELECTRON CURRENTS; ELECTRON SPIN; INJECTED ELECTRONS; SPIN ORIENTATION;

IMAGING TECHNIQUES;

FERROMAGNETIC MATERIAL; GALLIUM ARSENIDE;

PHYSICS;

ARTICLE; DEVICE; ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY; ELECTRICAL SPIN TRANSPORT; ELECTRICITY; ELECTRON; ELECTRON CURRENT; IMAGING; LATERAL FERROMAGNET; LATERAL SPIN TRANSPORT DEVICE; MAGNET; MAGNETISM; MODULATION; OPTICS; ORIENTATION; POLARIZATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SEMICONDUCTOR;

EID: 25844435158     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.1116865     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. A. T. Hanbicki et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 4092 (2003).
2. X. Jiang et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 056601 (2005).
3. C. Adelmann, X. Lou, J. Strand, C. J. Palmstrøm, P. A. Crowell, Phys. Rev. B 71, 121301 (2005).
4. V. F. Motsnyi et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 265 (2002).
5. J. M. Kikkawa, D. D. Awschalom, Nature 397, 139 (1999).
6. Y. Kato, R. C. Myers, A. C. Gossard, D. D. Awschalom, Nature 427, 50 (2004).
7. S. A. Crooker, D. L. Smith, Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 236601 (2005).
8. Y. K. Kato, R. C. Myers, A. C. Gossard, D. D. Awschalom, Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 176601 (2004).
9. Y. K. Kato, R. C. Myers, A. C. Gossard, D. D. Awschalom, Science 306, 1910 (2004).
10. J. Wunderlich, B. Kaestner, J. Sinova, T. Jungwirth, Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 047204 (2005).
11. M. Johnson, R. H. Silsbee, Phys. Rev. Lett. 55, 1790 (1985).
12. F. J. Jedema, H. B. Heersche, A. T. Filip, J. J. A. Baselmans, B. J. van Wees, Nature 416, 713 (2002).
13. P. R. Hammar, B. R. Bennett, M. J. Yang, M. Johnson, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 203 (1999).
14. F. G. Monzon, H. X. Tang, M. L. Roukes, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 5022 (2000).
15. B. J. Van Wees, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 5023 (2000).
16. P. R. Hammar, M. Johnson, Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 066806 (2002).
17. Materials and methods are available as supporting material on Science Online.
18. J. Stephens et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 097602 (2004).
19. G. E. Pikus, A. N. Titkov, in Optical Orientation, F. Meier, B. P. Zakharchenya, Eds. (North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1984), pp. 73-131.
20. C. Ciuti, J. P. McGuire, L. J. Sham, Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 156601 (2002).
21. R. K. Kawakami et al., Science 294, 131 (2001).
22. R. J. Epstein et al., Phys. Rev. B 65, 121202R (2002).
23. The temporal integral in Eq. 1 is the one-dimensional, strain-free, Green's-function solution to the drift-diffusion equation.
24. Y. K. Kato, R. C. Myers, A. C. Gossard, D. D. Awschalom, Appl. Phys. Lett. 67, 022503 (2005).
25. Z. G. Yu, M. E. Flatte, Phys. Rev. B 66, 201202R (2002).
26. The absence of a ferromagnet in the injection region of these lateral devices and the detection of transverse spin at small magnetic fields avoid complications that have affected previous efforts to electrically detect optically oriented spins (27, 28).
27. A. Hirohata, Y. B. Xu, C. M. Guertler, J. A. C. Bland, S. N. Holmes, Phys. Rev. B 63, 104425 (2001).
28. A. F. Isakovic et al., J. Appl. Phys. 91, 7261 (2002).
29. S. Datta, B. Das, Appl. Phys. Lett. 56, 665 (1990).
30. We thank L. Sham for valuable discussions and H.-J. Jang for technical assistance. This work was supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency's SpinS and Los Alamos Laboratory Directed Research and Development programs, the NSF Materials Research Science and Engineering Center program under grant DMR 02-12032, the Office of Naval Research, and the Minnesota Nanofabrication Center, which is supported by the NSF National Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network program.