p53: Link to the past, bridge to the future

Genes and Development

Volumn 19, Issue 18, 2005, Pages 2091-2099

  Mills, Alea A ^a  

^a Simons Center for Quantitative Biology   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COMPLEMENTARY DNA; ISOPROTEIN; PRIMER DNA; PROTEIN ANTIBODY; PROTEIN BAX; PROTEIN MDM2; PROTEIN P21; PROTEIN P53; PROTEIN P63; PROTEIN P73; PROTEIN SUBUNIT; TRANSACTIVATOR PROTEIN;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; AMINO TERMINAL SEQUENCE; ANTIBODY SPECIFICITY; APOPTOSIS; BONE TISSUE; BREAST TUMOR; CANCER; CANCER GENETICS; CARBOXY TERMINAL SEQUENCE; CELLULAR DISTRIBUTION; COLON; DNA DAMAGE; DNA REPAIR; DROSOPHILA; FLUORESCENCE ACTIVATED CELL SORTING; GENE AMPLIFICATION; GENE IDENTIFICATION; GENE REPLICATION; GENE STRUCTURE; GENETIC CONSERVATION; GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION; GENETIC TRANSFECTION; HUMAN; IMMUNOPRECIPITATION; INSECT GENETICS; INTRON; MISSENSE MUTATION; MULTIGENE FAMILY; NONHUMAN; NULL ALLELE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROMOTER REGION; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN INTERACTION; PROTEIN LOCALIZATION; PROTEIN STABILITY; REAL TIME POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; REVIEW; RNA SPLICING; SEQUENCE ANALYSIS; START CODON; TRANSACTIVATION; TRANSCRIPTION INITIATION SITE; WESTERN BLOTTING;

ALTERNATIVE SPLICING; ANIMALS; CODON, INITIATOR; DROSOPHILA; EVOLUTION, MOLECULAR; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, NEOPLASTIC; GENES, P53; HUMANS; INTRONS; MULTIGENE FAMILY; OPEN READING FRAMES; PROMOTER REGIONS (GENETICS); PROTEIN ISOFORMS; TRANSCRIPTION, GENETIC; TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEIN P53;

INSECTA;

EID: 24944495794     PISSN: 08909369     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1101/gad.1362905     Document Type: Review

References (63)

1. Arai, N., Nomura, D., Yokota, K., Wolf, D., Brill, E., Shohat, O., and Rotter, V. 1986. Immunologically distinct p53 molecules generated by alternative splicing. Mol. Cell. Biol. 6: 3232-3239.
2. Bienz-Tadmor, B., Zakut-Houri, R., Libresco, S., Givol, D., and Oren, M. 1985. The 5′ region of the p53 gene: Evolutionary conservation and evidence for a negative regulatory element. EMBO J. 4: 3209-3213.
3. Bourdon, J.C., Fernandes, K., Murray-Zmijewski, F., Liu, G., Diot, A., Xirodimas, D.P., Saville, M.K., and Lane, D.P. 2005. p53 isoforms can regulate p53 transcriptional acivity. Genes & Dev. (this issue).
4. Brodsky, M.H., Nordstrom, W., Tsang, G., Kwan, E., Rubin, G.M., and Abrams, J.M. 2000. Drosophila p53 binds a damage response element at the reaper locus. Cell 101: 103-113.
5. Choi, H.R., Batsakis, J.G., Zhan, F., Sturgis, E., Luna, M.A., and El-Naggar, A.K. 2002. Differential expression of p53 gene family members p63 and p73 in head and neck squamous tumorigenesis. Hum. Pathol. 33: 158-164.
6. Chow, V.T., Quek, H.H., and Tock, E.P. 1993. Alternative splicing of the p53 tumor suppressor gene in the Molt-4 T-lymphoblastic leukemia cell line. Cancer Lett. 73: 141-148.
7. Courtois, S., Verhaegh, G., North, S., Luciani, M.G., Lassus, P., Hibner, U., Oren, M., and Hainaut, P. 2002. ΔN-p53, a natural isoform of p53 lacking the first transactivation domain, counteracts growth suppression by wild-type p53. Oncogene 21: 6722-6728.
8. Crook, T., Nicholls, J.M., Brooks, L., O'Nions, J., and Allday, M.J. 2000. High level expression of ΔN-p63: A mechanism for the inactivation of p53 in undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC)? Oncogene 19: 3439-3444.
9. Di Como, C.J., Urist, M.J., Babayan, I., Drobnjak, M., Hedvat, C.V., Teruya-Feldstein, J., Pohar, K., Hoos, A., and Cordon-Cardo, C. 2002. p63 expression profiles in human normal and tumor tissues. Clin. Cancer Res. 8: 494-501.
10. Flaman, J.M., Waridel, F., Estreicher, A., Vannier, A., Limacher, J.M., Gilbert, D., Iggo, R., and Frebourg, T. 1996. The human tumour suppressor gene p53 is alternatively spliced in normal cells. Oncogene 12: 813-818.
11. Flores, E.R., Sengupta, S., Miller, J.B., Newman, J.J., Bronson, R., Crowley, D., Yang, A., McKeon, F., and Jacks, T. 2005. Tumor predisposition in mice mutant for p63 and p73: Evidence for broader tumor suppressor functions for the p53 family. Cancer Cell 7: 363-373.
12. Gaiddon, C., Lokshin, M., Ahn, J., Zhang, T., and Prives, C. 2001. A subset of tumor-derived mutant forms of p53 downregulate p63 and p73 through a direct interaction with the p53 core domain. Mol. Cell. Biol. 21: 1874-1887.
13. Garcia-Cao, I., Garcia-Cao, M., Martin-Caballero, J., Criado, L.M., Klatt, P., Flores, J.M., Weill, J.C., Blasco, M.A., and Serrano, M. 2002. 'Super p53' mice exhibit enhanced DNA damage response, are tumor resistant and age normally. EMBO J. 21: 6225-6235.
14. Ghosh, A., Stewart, D., and Matlashewski, G. 2004. Regulation of human p53 activity and cell localization by alternative splicing. Mol. Cell. Biol. 24: 7987-7997.
15. Han, K.A. and Kulesz-Martin, M.F. 1992. Alternatively spliced p53 RNA in transformed and normal cells of different tissue types. Nucleic Acids Res. 20: 1979-1981.
16. Hibi, K., Trink, B., Patturajan, M., Westra, W.H., Caballero, O.L., Hill, D.E., Ratovitski, E.A., Jen, J., and Sidransky, D. 2000. AIS is an oncogene amplified in squamous cell carcinoma. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 97: 5462-5467.
17. Hu, H., Xia, S.H., Li, A.D., Xu, X., Cai, Y., Han, Y.L., Wei, F., Chen, B.S., Huang, X.P., Han, Y.S., et al. 2002. Elevated expression of p63 protein in human esophageal squamous cell carcinomas. Int. J. Cancer 102: 580-583.
18. Ito, Y., Takeda, T., Wakasa, K., Tsujimoto, M., Sakon, M., and Matsuura, N. 2001. Expression of p73 and p63 proteins in pancreatic adenocarcinoma: p73 overexpression is inversely correlated with biological aggressiveness. Int. J. Mol. Med. 8: 67-71.
19. Jin, S., Martinek, S., Joo, W.S., Wortman, J.R., Mirkovic, N., Sali, A., Yandell, M.D., Pavletich, N.P., Young, M.W., and Levine, A.J. 2000. Identification and characterization of a p53 homologue in Drosophila melanogaster. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 97: 7301-7306.
20. Kaghad, M., Bonnet, H., Yang, A., Creancier, L., Biscan, J.C., Valent, A., Minty, A., Chalon, P., Lelias, J.M., Dumont, X., et al. 1997. Monoallelically expressed gene related to p53 at 1p36, a region frequently deleted in neuroblastoma and other human cancers. Cell 90: 809-819.
21. Keyes, W.M., Wu, Y., Vogel, H., Guo, X., Lowe, S.W., and Mills, A.A. p63 deficiency activates a program of cellular senescence and leads to accelerated aging. Genes & Dev. 19: 1986-1999.
22. Kulesz-Martin, M.F., Lisafeld, B., Huang, H., Kisiel, N.D., and Lee, L. 1994. Endogenous p53 protein generated from wild-type alternatively spliced p53 RNA in mouse epidermal cells. Mol. Cell. Biol. 14: 1698-1708.
23. Lamb, P. and Crawford, L. 1986. Characterization of the human p53 gene. Mol. Cell. Biol. 6: 1379-1385.
24. Lane, D.P. and Crawford, L.V. 1979. T antigen is bound to a host protein in SV40-transformed cells. Nature 278: 261-263.
25. Laverdiere, M., Beaudoin, J., and Lavigueur, A. 2000. Species-specific regulation of alternative splicing in the C-terminal region of the p53 tumor suppressor gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 28: 1489-1497.
26. Maier, B., Gluba, W., Bernier, B., Turner, T., Mohammad, K., Guise, T., Sutherland, A., Thorner, M., and Scrable, H. 2004. Modulation of mammalian life span by the short isoform of p53. Genes & Dev. 18: 306-319.
27. Massion, P.P., Taflan, P.M., Jamshedur Rahman, S.M., Yildiz, P., Shyr, Y., Edgerton, M.E., Westfall, M.D., Roberts, J.R., Pietenpol, J.A., Carbone, D.P., et al. 2003. Significance of p63 amplification and overexpression in lung cancer development and prognosis. Cancer Res. 63: 7113-7121.
28. Matlashewski, G., Banks, L., Pim, D., and Crawford, L. 1986. Analysis of human p53 proteins and mRNA levels in normal and transformed cells. Eur. J. Biochem. 154: 665-672.
29. Midgley, C.A., Fisher, C.J., Bartek, J., Vojtesek, B., Lane, D., and Barnes, D.M. 1992. Analysis of p53 expression in human tumours: An antibody raised against human p53 expressed in Escherichia coli. J. Cell Sci. 101 (Pt 1): 183-189.
30. Miki, Y., Swensen, J., Shattuck-Eidens, D., Futreal, P.A., Harshman, K., Tavtigian, S., Liu, Q., Cochran, C., Bennett, L.M., Ding, W., et al. 1994. A strong candidate for the breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility gene BRCA1. Science 266: 66-71.
31. Milner, J., Medcalf, E.A., and Cook, A.C. 1991. Tumor suppressor p53: Analysis of wild-type and mutant p53 complexes. Mol. Cell. Biol. 11: 12-19.
32. Mullis, K.B. and Faloona, F.A. 1987. Specific synthesis of DNA in vitro via a polymerase-catalyzed chain reaction. Methods Enzymol. 155: 335-350.
33. Mullis, K., Faloona, F., Scharf, S., Saiki, R., Horn, G., and Erlich, H. 1986. Specific enzymatic amplification of DNA in vitro: The polymerase chain reaction. Cold Spring Harb. Symp. Quant. Biol. 51 Pt 1: 263-273.
34. Ollmann, M., Young, L.M., Di Como, C.J., Karim, F., Belvin, M., Robertson, S., Whittaker, K., Demsky, M., Fisher, W.W., Buchman, A., et al. 2000. Drosophila p53 is a structural and functional homolog of the tumor suppressor p53. Cell 101: 91-101.
35. Patturajan, M., Nomoto, S., Sommer, M., Fomenkov, A., Hibi, K., Zangen, R., Poliak, N., Califano, J., Trink, B., Ratovitski, E., et al. 2002. ΔNp63 induces β-catenin nuclear accumulation and signaling. Cancer Cell 1: 369-379.
36. Perez-Losada, J., Wu, D., Delrosario, R., Balmain, A., and Mao, J.H. 2005. p63 and p73 do not contribute to p53-mediated lymphoma suppressor activity in vivo. Oncogene (in press). [Epub June 20.]
37. Pozniak, C.D., Radinovic, S., Yang, A., McKeon, F., Kaplan, D.R., and Miller, F.D. 2000. An anti-apoptotic role for the p53 family member, p73, during developmental neuron death [see comments]. Science 289: 304-306.
38. Pruneri, G., Fabris, S., Dell'Orto, P., Biasi, M.O., Valentini, S., Del Curto, B., Laszlo, D., Cattaneo, L., Fasani, R., Rossini, L., et al. 2005. The transactivating isoforms of p63 are overexpressed in high-grade follicular lymphomas independent of the occurrence of p63 gene amplification. J. Pathol. 206: 337-345.
39. Quade, B.J., Yang, A., Wang, Y., Sun, D., Park, J., Sheets, E.E., Cviko, A., Federschneider, J.M., Peters, R., McKeon, F.D., et al. 2001. Expression of the p53 homologue p63 in early cervical neoplasia. Gynecol. Oncol. 80: 24-29.
40. Reis-Filho, J.S., Torio, B., Albergaria, A., and Schmitt, F.C. 2002. p63 expression in normal skin and usual cutaneous carcinomas. J. Cutan. Pathol. 29: 517-523.
41. Reis-Filho, J.S., Simpson, P.T., Martins, A., Preto, A., Gartner, F., and Schmitt, F.C. 2003. Distribution of p63, cytokeratins 5/6 and cytokeratin 14 in 51 normal and 400 neoplastic human tissue samples using TARP-4 multi-tumor tissue microarray. Virchows Arch. 443: 122-132.
42. Reisman, D., Greenberg, M., and Rotter, V. 1988. Human p53 oncogene contains one promoter upstream of exon 1 and a second, stronger promoter within intron 1. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 85: 5146-5150.
43. Reisman, D., Balint, E., Loging, W.T., Rotter, V., and Almon, E. 1996. A novel transcript encoded within the 10-kb first intron of the human p53 tumor suppressor gene (D17S2179E) is induced during differentiation of myeloid leukemia cells. Genomics 38: 364-370.
44. Rohaly, G., Chemnitz, J., Dehde, S., Nunez, A.M., Heukeshoven, J., Deppert, W., and Dornreiter, I. 2005. A novel human p53 isoform is an essential element of the ATR-intra-S phase checkpoint. Cell 122: 21-32.
45. Rovinski, B., Munroe, D., Peacock, J., Mowat, M., Bernstein, A., and Benchimol, S. 1987. Deletion of 5′-coding sequences of the cellular p53 gene in mouse erythroleukemia: A novel mechanism of oncogene regulation. Mol. Cell. Biol. 7: 847-853.
46. Schmale, H. and Bamberger, C. 1997. A novel protein with strong homology to the tumor suppressor p53. Oncogene 15: 1363-1367.
47. Stephen, C.W., Helminen, P., and Lane, D.P. 1995. Characterisation of epitopes on human p53 using phage-displayed peptide libraries: Insights into antibody-peptide interactions. J. Mol. Biol. 248: 58-78.
48. Stiewe, T., Theseling, C.C., and Putzer, B.M. 2002. Transactivation- deficient ΔTA-p73 inhibits p53 by direct competition for DNA binding: Implications for tumorigenesis. J. Biol. Chem. 277: 14177-14185.
49. Strano, S., Munarriz, E., Rossi, M., Cristofanelli, B., Shaul, Y., Castagnoli, L., Levine, A.J., Sacchi, A., Cesareni, G., Oren, M., et al. 2000. Physical and functional interaction between p53 mutants and different isoforms of p73. J. Biol. Chem. 275: 29503-29512.
50. Strano, S., Fontemaggi, G., Costanzo, A., Rizzo, M.G., Monti, O., Baccarini, A., Del Sal, G., Levrero, M., Sacchi, A., Oren, M., et al. 2002. Physical interaction with human tumor-derived p53 mutants inhibits p63 activities. J. Biol. Chem. 277: 18817-18826.
51. Tonon, G., Wong, K.K., Maulik, G., Brennan, C., Feng, B., Zhang, Y., Khatry, D.B., Protopopov, A., You, M.J., Aguirre, A.J., et al. 2005. High-resolution genomic profiles of human lung cancer. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 102: 9625-9630.
52. Tyner, S.D., Venkatachalam, S., Choi, J., Jones, S., Ghebranious, N., Igelmann, H., Lu, X., Soron, G., Cooper, B., Brayton, C., et al. 2002. p53 mutant mice that display early ageing-associated phenotypes. Nature 415: 45-53.
53. Vojtesek, B., Dolezalova, H., Lauerova, L., Svitakova, M., Havlis, P., Kovarik, J., Midgley, C.A., and Lane, D.P. 1995. Conformational changes in p53 analysed using new antibodies to the core DNA binding domain of the protein. Oncogene 10: 389-393.
54. Wang, T.Y., Chen, B.F., Yang, Y.C., Chen, H., Wang, Y., Cviko, A., Quade, B.J., Sun, D., Yang, A., McKeon, F.D., et al. 2001. Histologic and immunophenotypic classification of cervical carcinomas by expression of the p53 homologue p63: A study of 250 cases. Hum. Pathol. 32: 479-486.
55. Wang, B.Y., Gil, J., Kaufman, D., Gan, L., Kohtz, D.S., and Burstein, D.E. 2002. P63 in pulmonary epithelium, pulmonary squamous neoplasms, and other pulmonary tumors. Hum. Pathol. 33: 921-926.
56. Will, K., Warnecke, G., Bergmann, S., and Deppert, W. 1995. Species- and tissue-specific expression of the C-terminal alternatively spliced form of the tumor suppressor p53. Nucleic Acids Res. 23: 4023-4028.
57. Wolf, D., Harris, N., Goldfinger, N., and Rotter, V. 1985. Isolation of a full-length mouse cDNA clone coding for an immunologically distinct p53 molecule. Mol. Cell. Biol. 5: 127-132.
58. Wu, Y., Liu, Y., Lee, L., Miner, Z., and Kulesz-Martin, M. 1994. Wild-type alternatively spliced p53: Binding to DNA and interaction with the major p53 protein in vitro and in cells. EMBO J. 13: 4823-4830.
59. Yamaguchi, K., Wu, L., Caballero, O.L., Hibi, K., Trink, B., Resto, V., Cairns, P., Okami, K., Koch, W.M., Sidransky, D., et al. 2000. Frequent gain of the p40/p51/p63 gene locus in primary head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Int. J. Cancer 86: 684-689.
60. Yang, A., Kaghad, M., Wang, Y., Gillett, E., Fleming, M.D., Dotsch, V., Andrews, N.C., Caput, D., and McKeon, F. 1998. p63, a p53 homolog at 3q27-29, encodes multiple products with transactivating, death-inducing, and dominant-negative activities. Mol. Cell 2: 305-316.
61. Yang, A., Schweitzer, R., Sun, D., Kaghad, M., Walker, N., Bronson, R.T., Tabin, C., Sharpe, A., Caput, D., Crum, C., et al. 1999. p63 is essential for regenerative proliferation in limb, craniofacial and epithelial development. Nature 398: 714-718.
62. Yin, Y., Stephen, C.W., Luciani, M.G., and Fahraeus, R. 2002. p53 stability and activity is regulated by Mdm2-mediated induction of alternative p53 translation products. Nat. Cell Biol. 4: 462-467.
63. Zaika, A.I., Slade, N., Erster, S.H., Sansome, C., Joseph, T.W., Pearl, M., Chalas, E., and Moll, U.M. 2002. ΔNp73, a dominant-negative inhibitor of wild-type p53 and TAp73, is upregulated in human tumors. J. Exp. Med. 196: 765-780.