Alzheimer paired helical filaments (PHFs) studied by high-resolution TEM: What can vertical Pt-C replication tell us about the organization of the pronase-digested PHF core?

Microscopy Research and Technique

Volumn 67, Issue 3-4, 2005, Pages 196-209

  Ruben, George C ^a   Novak, Michal ^b,c,d   Edwards, Patricia C ^c   Iqbal, Khalid ^e  

^a Dartmouth College   (United States)

^b INSTITUTE OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY   (Slovakia)

^c MRC LABORATORY OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY   (United Kingdom)

^d Axon Neuroscience Forschungs und Entwicklungs GmbH   (Austria)

^e NEW YORK STATE INSTITUTE FOR BASIC RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES   (United States)

Author keywords

Alzheimer's core PHF subunit; Alzheimer's disease; Freeze dried vertically Pt C replicated PHF; Neurofibrillary pathology

Indexed keywords

PLATINUM COMPOUNDS; STEREO IMAGE PROCESSING;

ALZHEIMER; ALZHEIMER CORE PAIRED HELICAL FILAMENT SUBUNIT; ALZHEIMERS DISEASE; FILAMENT AXIS; FREEZE DRYING; FREEZE-DRIED VERTICALLY PT-C REPLICATED PAIRED HELICAL FILAMENT; HIGH-RESOLUTION TEM; NEUROFIBRILLARY PATHOLOGY; PAIRED HELICAL FILAMENTS;

NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES;

CARBON; PLATINUM; PRONASE; TAU PROTEIN;

ADULT; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; AMINO ACID COMPOSITION; ARTICLE; BETA SHEET; FREEZE DRYING; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; IMAGE ANALYSIS; IMAGE RECONSTRUCTION; IMAGING SYSTEM; MALE; MOLECULAR IMAGING; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLE; PAIRED HELICAL FILAMENT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; STEREOMICROSCOPY; STRUCTURE ANALYSIS; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; VERTICAL PLATINUM CARBON REPLICATION TECHNIQUE;

EID: 24144432898     PISSN: 1059910X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/jemt.20198     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Alafuzoff I, Iqbal K, Friden H, Adolfsson R, Winblad B. 1987. Histopathological criteria for progressive dementia disorders: clinical-pathological correlation and classification by multivariate data analysis. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 74:209-225.
2. Barghorn S, Davies P, Mandelkow E. 2004. Tau paired helical filaments from Alzheimer's disease brain and assembled in vitro are based on beta-structure in the core domain. Biochemistry 43:1694-1703.
3. Berriman J, Serpell LC, Oberg KA, Fink AL, Goedert M, Crowther RA. 2003. Tau filaments from human brain and from in vitro assembly of recombinant protein show cross-beta structure. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 100:9034-9038.
4. Crowther RA. 1991. Straight and paired helical filaments in Alzheimer's disease have a common structural unit. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88: 2288-2292.
5. Crowther RA, Wischik CM. 1985. Image reconstruction of the Alzheimer paired helical filament. EMBO J 4:3661-3665.
6. Crowther RA, Olesen OF, Jakes R, Goedert M. 1992. The microtubule binding repeats of tau protein assemble into filaments like those found in Alzheimer's disease. FEES Lett 309:199-202.
7. Delacorte A, Defossez A. 1986. Alzheimer's disease: tau proteins, the promoting factors of microtubule assembly, are major components of paired helical filaments. J Neurol Sci 76:173-186.
8. Goedert M, Wischik CM, Crowther RA, Walker JE, Klug A. 1988. Cloning and sequencing of the cDNA encoding a core protein of the paired helical filament of Alzheimer disease: identification as the microtubule-associated protein tau. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 85: 4051-4055.
9. Goedert M, Spillantini MG, Jakes R, Rutherford D, Crowther RA. 1989. Multiple isoforms of human microtubule-associated protein tau: sequences and localization in neurofibrillary tangles of Alzheimer's disease. Neuron 3:519-526.
10. Goedert M, Spillantini MG, Cairns NJ, Crowther RA. 1992. Tau proteins of Alzheimer paired helical filaments: abnormal phosphorylation of all six brain isoforms. Neuron 8:159-168.
11. Grundke-Iqbal I, Iqbal K, Quinlan M, Tung Y-C, Zaidi MS, Wisniewski HM. 1986a. Microtubule-associated protein tau: a component of Alzheimer paired helical filaments. J Biol Chem 261:6084-6089.
12. Grundke-Iqbal I, Iqbal K, Tung Y-C, Quinlan M, Zaidi MS, Wisniewski HM, Binder LI. 1986b. Abnormal phosphorylation of the microtubule associated protein tau in Alzheimer cytoskeletal pathology. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 83:4913-4917.
13. Grundke-Iqbal I, Vorbrodt AW, Iqbal K, Tung Y-C, Wang GP, Wisniewski HM. 1988. Microtubule-associated polypeptides tau are altered in Alzheimer paired helical filaments. Mol Brain Res 4:43-52.
14. Jakes R, Novak M, Davidson M, Wischik CM. 1991. Identification of 3- and 4-repeat tau isoforms within the PHF in Alzheimer's disease. EMBO J 10:2725-2729.
15. Kidd M. 1963. Paired helical filaments in electron microscopy of Alzheimer's disease. Nature 197:192-193.
16. Kidd M. 1964. Alzheimer's disease. An electron microscopical study. Brain 87:307-320.
17. Moreno-Herrero F, Valpuesta JM, Perez M, Colchero J, Baro AM, Avila J, de Garcini EM. 2001. Characterization by atomic force microscopy and cryoelectron microscopy of tau polymers assembled in Alzheimer's disease. J Alzheimer's Dis 3:443-451.
18. Novak M, Jakes R, Edwards PC, Milstein C, Wischek CM. 1991. Difference between the tau protein of Alzheimer paired helical filament core and normal tau revealed by epitope analysis of monoclonal antibodies 423 and 7.51. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 88:5837-5841.
19. Novak M, Kabat J, Wischik CM. 1993. Molecular characterization of the minima protease resistant tau unit of the Alzheimer's disease paired helical filament. EMBO J 12:365-370.
20. Pollanen MS, Markiewicz P, Bergron C, Goh MC. 1994. Twisted ribbon structure of paired helical filaments revealed by atomic force microscopy. Am J Pathol 144:869-873.
21. Pollanen MS, Markiewicz P, Goh MC. 1997. Paired helical filaments are twisted ribbons composed of two parallel and aligned components: image reconstruction and modeling of filament structure using atomic force microscopy. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 56: 79-85.
22. Ruben GC. 1989. Ultrathin (1nm) vertically shadowed platinum-carbon replicas for imaging individual molecules in freeze-etched biological DNA and material science metal and plastic specimens. J Electron Microsc Tech 13:335-354.
23. Ruben GC. 1998. Vertical Pt-C replication for TEM, a revolution in imaging non-periodic macromolecules, biological gels, and low-density polymer networks. Micron 29:359-396.
24. Ruben GC, Stockmayer WH. 1992. Evidence for helical structures in poly(1-olefin sulfones) by transmission electron microscopy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 89:11645-11649.
25. Ruben GC, Iqbal K, Grundke-Iqbal I, Wisniewski HM, Ciardelli TL, Johnson Jr JE. 1991. The microtubule associated protein tau forms a triple-stranded left-hand helical polymer. J Biol Chem 266:22019-22027.
26. Ruben GC, Iqbal K, Wisniewski HM, Johnson Jr JE, Grundke-Iqbal I. 1992. Alzheimer neurofibrillary tangles contain 2.1 nm filaments structurally identical to the microtubule associated protein tau: a high resolution transmission electron microscope study of tangles and senile plaque core amyloid. Brain Res 590:164-179.
27. Ruben GC, Novak M, Edwards PC, Iqbal K. 1995. Alzheimer paired helical filaments, untreated and pronase-digested, studied by vertical platinum-carbon replication and high resolution transmission electron microscopy. Brain Res 675:1-12.
28. Ruben GC, Ciardelli TL, Grundke-Iqbal I, Iqbal K. 1997. Alzheimer disease hyperphosphorylated tau aggregates hydrophobically. Synapse 27:208-229.
29. Ruben GC, Wang J-Z, Grundke-Iqbal I, Iqbal K. 1999. PHF have a wide range of widths with similar helical periods. In: 6th Int Alzheimer's Meet Proc. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, p 187-192.
30. Ruben GC, Wang JZ, Iqbal K, Grundke-Iqbal I. 2005. Paired helical filaments (PHFs) are a family of single filament structures with a common helical turn period: negatively stained PHF imaged by TEM and measured before and after sonication, deglycosylation, and dephosphorylation. Microsc Res Tech 67:000-000.
31. Skrabana R, Kontsek P, Mederlyova A, Iqbal K, Novak M. 2004. Folding of Alzheimer's core PHF subunit revealed by monoclonal antibody 423. FEBS Lett 568:178-182.
32. Terry RD. 1963. The fine structure of the neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer's disease. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 22:269-297.
33. Terry RD, Gonatas NK Weiss M. 1964. Ultrastructural studies in Alzheimer's presenile dementia. Am J Pathol 44:269-297.
34. Von Bergen M, Friedhoff P, Biernat J, Heberle J, Mandelkow EM, Mandelkow E. 2000. Assembly of tau protein into Alzheimer paired helical filaments depends on a local sequence motif ((306)VQIVYK(311)) forming beta structure. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 97: 5129-5134.
35. Wen GY, Wisniewski HM. 1987. High resolution analysis of paired helical filaments in Alzheimer's disease. J Electron Microsc Tech 5: 347-355.
36. Wilcock GK, Esiri MM. 1982. Plaques, tangles and dementia: a quantitative study. J Neurol Sci 56:343-356.
37. Wischik CM, Crowther RA. 1986. Subunit structure of the Alzheimer tangle. Br Med Bull 42:51-56.
38. Wischik CM, Crowther RA, Stewart M, Roth M. 1985. Subunit structure of paired helical filaments in Alzheimer's disease. J Cell Biol 100:1905-1912.
39. Wischik CM, Novak M, Edwards PC, Klug A, Tichelaar W, Crowther RA 1988a. Structural characterization of the core of the paired helical filament of Alzheimer disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 85: 4884-4888.
40. Wischik CM, Novak M, Thogersen HC, Edwards PC, Runswick MJ, Jakes R, Walker JE, Milstein C, Roth M, Klug A. 1988b. Isolation of a fragment of tau derived from the core of the paired helical filament of Alzheimer's disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 85:4506-4510.
41. Wisniewski HM, Wen GY. 1985. Structures of paired helical filaments from Alzheimer's disease neurofibrillary tangles. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 66:173-176.
42. Wisniewski HM, Ghetti B, Terry RD. 1973. Neuritic (senile) plaques and filamentous changes in aged rhesus monkeys. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 32:566-584.
43. Wisniewski HM, Narang HK, Terry RD. 1976. Neurofibrillary tangles of paired helical filaments. J Neurol Sci 27:173-181.
44. Wisniewski HM, Mertz PA, Iqbal K. 1984. Ultrastructure of paired helical filaments of Alzheimer's neurofibrillary tangle. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 43:643-656.
45. Wisniewski HM, Wen GY, Wang KC, Iqbal K, Rubenstein R. 1986. Determination of the handedness of paired helical filaments in Alzheimer disease. In: Metuzals J, editor. Electron microscopy and Alzheimer diseases. San Francisco: San Francisco Press, p 21-24.