메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 3, Issue 3, 2005, Pages 435-444

Management of Pneumocystis pneumonia in patients with inflammatory disorders

Author keywords

CD4+ T cell count; Connective tissue diseases; Immunosuppresive drugs; Inflammatory disorders; PCP management; PCP prophylaxis; Pneumocystis jirovecii

Indexed keywords

ATOVAQUONE; AZATHIOPRINE; CD4 ANTIGEN; CLINDAMYCIN; CORTICOSTEROID; COTRIMOXAZOLE; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; CYCLOSPORIN; CYTOTOXIC AGENT; DAPSONE; FOLINIC ACID; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENT; INFLIXIMAB; METHOTREXATE; MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY; PENTAMIDINE; PREDNISOLONE; PRIMAQUINE; PYRIMETHAMINE; TRIMETHOPRIM; TRIMETREXATE; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA ANTIBODY;

EID: 21044445191     PISSN: 14787210     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1586/14787210.3.3.435     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (11)

References (76)
  • 2
    • 4844224870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current epidemiology of Pneumocystis pneumonia
    • Morris A, Lundgren JD, Masur H et al. Current epidemiology of Pneumocystis pneumonia. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 10, 1713-1720 (2004).
    • (2004) Emerg. Infect. Dis. , vol.10 , pp. 1713-1720
    • Morris, A.1    Lundgren, J.D.2    Masur, H.3
  • 3
    • 0029054069 scopus 로고
    • Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: More patients, same risk
    • Sepkowitz KA, Brown AE, Armstrong D. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: more patients, same risk. Arch. Intern. Med. 155, 1125-1128 (1995).
    • (1995) Arch. Intern. Med. , vol.155 , pp. 1125-1128
    • Sepkowitz, K.A.1    Brown, A.E.2    Armstrong, D.3
  • 4
    • 0030061707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: Associated illness and prior corticosteroid therapy
    • Yale SH, Limper AH. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: associated illness and prior corticosteroid therapy. Mayo Clin. Proc. 71, 5-13 (1996).
    • (1996) Mayo Clin. Proc. , vol.71 , pp. 5-13
    • Yale, S.H.1    Limper, A.H.2
  • 5
    • 0032882630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients receiving immunosuppressive drugs for dermatological diseases
    • Raychaudhuri SP, Siu S. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients receiving immunosuppressive drugs for dermatological diseases. Br. J. Dermatol. 141, 528-530 (1999).
    • (1999) Br. J. Dermatol. , vol.141 , pp. 528-530
    • Raychaudhuri, S.P.1    Siu, S.2
  • 6
    • 0036046406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of underlying diseases and prognosis factors associated with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in immunocompromised HIV-negative patients
    • Roblot F, Godet C, Le Moal G et al. Analysis of underlying diseases and prognosis factors associated with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in immunocompromised HIV-negative patients. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 21, 523-531 (2002).
    • (2002) Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. , vol.21 , pp. 523-531
    • Roblot, F.1    Godet, C.2    Le Moal, G.3
  • 7
    • 0032906195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with connective tissue diseases: The role of hospital experience in diagnosis and mortality
    • Ward MM, Donald F. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with connective tissue diseases: the role of hospital experience in diagnosis and mortality. Arthritis Rheum. 4, 780-789 (1999).
    • (1999) Arthritis Rheum. , vol.4 , pp. 780-789
    • Ward, M.M.1    Donald, F.2
  • 8
    • 0026655705 scopus 로고
    • Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus at risk for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
    • Porges AJ, Beattie SL, Ritchlin C, Kimberly RP, Christian CL. Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus at risk for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. J. Rheumatol. 19, 1191-1194 (1992).
    • (1992) J. Rheumatol. , vol.19 , pp. 1191-1194
    • Porges, A.J.1    Beattie, S.L.2    Ritchlin, C.3    Kimberly, R.P.4    Christian, C.L.5
  • 9
    • 0027139146 scopus 로고
    • Increased risk of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with Wegener's granulomatosis
    • Jarrousse B, Guillevin L, Bindi P et al. Increased risk of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with Wegener's granulomatosis. Clin. Exp. Rheumatol. 11, 615-621 (1993).
    • (1993) Clin. Exp. Rheumatol. , vol.11 , pp. 615-621
    • Jarrousse, B.1    Guillevin, L.2    Bindi, P.3
  • 10
    • 0028213778 scopus 로고
    • Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the course of connective tissue diseases: Report of 34 cases
    • Godeau B, Coutant-Perronne V, Le Thi Huong D et al. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the course of connective tissue diseases: report of 34 cases. J. Rheumatol. 21, 246-251 (1994).
    • (1994) J. Rheumatol. , vol.21 , pp. 246-251
    • Godeau, B.1    Coutant-Perronne, V.2    Le Thi Huong, D.3
  • 11
    • 0028939992 scopus 로고
    • Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: A major complication of immunosuppressive therapy in patients with Wegener's granulomatosis
    • Ognibene FP, Shelhamer JH, Hoffman GS et al. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: a major complication of immunosuppressive therapy in patients with Wegener's granulomatosis. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 151, 795-799 (1995).
    • (1995) Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , vol.151 , pp. 795-799
    • Ognibene, F.P.1    Shelhamer, J.H.2    Hoffman, G.S.3
  • 12
    • 0028908666 scopus 로고
    • Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in HIV-negative immunocompromised adults
    • Gerrard JG. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in HIV-negative immunocompromised adults. Med. J. Austr. 162, 233-235 (1995).
    • (1995) Med. J. Austr. , vol.162 , pp. 233-235
    • Gerrard, J.G.1
  • 13
    • 0028157979 scopus 로고
    • Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia associated with low dose methotrexate treatment for rheumatoid arthritis
    • Stenger AA, Houtman PM, Bruyn GA, Eggink HF, Pasma HR. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia associated with low dose methotrexate treatment for rheumatoid arthritis. Scand. J. Rheumatol. 23, 51-53 (1994).
    • (1994) Scand. J. Rheumatol. , vol.23 , pp. 51-53
    • Stenger, A.A.1    Houtman, P.M.2    Bruyn, G.A.3    Eggink, H.F.4    Pasma, H.R.5
  • 14
    • 0030023461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-dose methotrexate as a risk factor for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
    • Krebs S, Gibbons RB. Low-dose methotrexate as a risk factor for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Mil. Med. 161, 56-60 (1996).
    • (1996) Mil. Med. , vol.161 , pp. 56-60
    • Krebs, S.1    Gibbons, R.B.2
  • 16
    • 0029684228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with polymyositis/dermatomyositis or systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Kadoya A, Okada J, Iikuni Y, Kondo H. Risk factors for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with polymyositis/dermatomyositis or systemic lupus erythematosus. J. Rheumatol. 23, 1186-1188 (1996).
    • (1996) J. Rheumatol. , vol.23 , pp. 1186-1188
    • Kadoya, A.1    Okada, J.2    Iikuni, Y.3    Kondo, H.4
  • 17
    • 0030857080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fulminant Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in 4 patients with dermatomyositis
    • Bachelez H, Schremmer B, Cadranel J et al. Fulminant Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in 4 patients with dermatomyositis. Arch. Intern. Med. 157, 1501-1503 (1997).
    • (1997) Arch. Intern. Med. , vol.157 , pp. 1501-1503
    • Bachelez, H.1    Schremmer, B.2    Cadranel, J.3
  • 18
    • 10144240399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autoimmune inflammatory disorders, systemic corticosteroids and Pneumocystis pneumonia: A strategy for prevention
    • Sowden E, Carmichael AJ. Autoimmune inflammatory disorders, systemic corticosteroids and Pneumocystis pneumonia: a strategy for prevention. BMC Infect. Dis. 4, 42 (2004).
    • (2004) BMC Infect. Dis. , vol.4 , pp. 42
    • Sowden, E.1    Carmichael, A.J.2
  • 19
    • 0030860869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia postrestorative proctocolectomy for ulcerative colitis: A role for perioperative prophylaxis in the cyclosporin era? Report of a case and review of the literature
    • Scott AM, Myers GA, Harms BA. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia postrestorative proctocolectomy for ulcerative colitis: a role for perioperative prophylaxis in the cyclosporin era? Report of a case and review of the literature. Dis. Colon Rectum 40, 973-976 (1997).
    • (1997) Dis. Colon Rectum , vol.40 , pp. 973-976
    • Scott, A.M.1    Myers, G.A.2    Harms, B.A.3
  • 20
    • 0030799799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An unusual complication of immunosuppressive therapy in inflammatory bowel disease
    • Katchatourian M, Seaton TL. An unusual complication of immunosuppressive therapy in inflammatory bowel disease. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 92, 1558-1560 (1997).
    • (1997) Am. J. Gastroenterol. , vol.92 , pp. 1558-1560
    • Katchatourian, M.1    Seaton, T.L.2
  • 21
    • 3543056487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pneumocystis jirovecii (carinii) pneumonia following initiation of infliximab and azathioprine therapy in a patient with Crohn's disease
    • Seddik M, Meliez H, Seguy D, Viget N, Cortot A, Colombel JF. Pneumocystis jirovecii (carinii) pneumonia following initiation of infliximab and azathioprine therapy in a patient with Crohn's disease. Inflamm. Bowel Dis. 10, 436-437 (2004).
    • (2004) Inflamm. Bowel Dis. , vol.10 , pp. 436-437
    • Seddik, M.1    Meliez, H.2    Seguy, D.3    Viget, N.4    Cortot, A.5    Colombel, J.F.6
  • 22
    • 4644265354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia during maintenance antitumor necrosis factor-alpha therapy with infliximab for Crohn's disease
    • Velayos FS, Sandborn WJ. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia during maintenance antitumor necrosis factor-alpha therapy with infliximab for Crohn's disease. Inflamm. Bowel Dis. 10, 657-660 (2004).
    • (2004) Inflamm. Bowel Dis. , vol.10 , pp. 657-660
    • Velayos, F.S.1    Sandborn, W.J.2
  • 23
    • 8744228329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapy of refractory pemphigus vulgaris with monoclonal antiCD20 antibody (rituximab)
    • Morrison LH. Therapy of refractory pemphigus vulgaris with monoclonal antiCD20 antibody (rituximab). J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 51, 817-819 (2004).
    • (2004) J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. , vol.51 , pp. 817-819
    • Morrison, L.H.1
  • 24
    • 0025922146 scopus 로고
    • Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia following corticosteroid therapy for giant cell arteritis
    • Crayton HE, Sundstrom WR. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia following corticosteroid therapy for giant cell arteritis. Wis. Med. J. 90, 170-171 (1991).
    • (1991) Wis. Med. J. , vol.90 , pp. 170-171
    • Crayton, H.E.1    Sundstrom, W.R.2
  • 25
    • 0031043033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Opportunistic infections in patients with temporal arteritis treated with corticosteroids
    • Hedderwick SA, Bonilla HF, Bradley SF, Kauffman CA. Opportunistic infections in patients with temporal arteritis treated with corticosteroids. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 45, 334-337 (1997).
    • (1997) J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. , vol.45 , pp. 334-337
    • Hedderwick, S.A.1    Bonilla, H.F.2    Bradley, S.F.3    Kauffman, C.A.4
  • 26
    • 1842855231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of Pneumocystis carinii by DNA amplification in patients with connective tissue diseases: Re-evaluation of clinical features of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in rheumatic diseases
    • Saito K, Nakayamada S, Nakano K et al. Detection of Pneumocystis carinii by DNA amplification in patients with connective tissue diseases: re-evaluation of clinical features of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in rheumatic diseases. Rheumatology 43, 479-485 (2004).
    • (2004) Rheumatology , vol.43 , pp. 479-485
    • Saito, K.1    Nakayamada, S.2    Nakano, K.3
  • 27
    • 10244254026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with ulcerative colitis
    • Takenata R, Okada H, Mizuno M. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with ulcerative colitis. J. Gastroenterol. 39, 1114-1119 (2004).
    • (2004) J. Gastroenterol. , vol.39 , pp. 1114-1119
    • Takenata, R.1    Okada, H.2    Mizuno, M.3
  • 30
    • 0036915566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for the requirement of T-cell costimulation in the pathogenesis of natural Pneumocystis carinii pulmonary infection
    • Baumgartner RE, Durant PJ, van Gessel Y et al. Evidence for the requirement of T-cell costimulation in the pathogenesis of natural Pneumocystis carinii pulmonary infection. Microbial. Pathog. 33, 193-201 (2002).
    • (2002) Microbiol. Pathog. , vol.33 , pp. 193-201
    • Baumgartner, R.E.1    Durant, P.J.2    van Gessel, Y.3
  • 31
    • 0028876392 scopus 로고
    • Factors associated with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in Wegener's granulomatosis
    • Godeau B, Mainardi JL, Roudot-Thoraval F et al. Factors associated with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in Wegener's granulomatosis. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 54, 991-994 (1995).
    • (1995) Ann. Rheum. Dis. , vol.54 , pp. 991-994
    • Godeau, B.1    Mainardi, J.L.2    Roudot-Thoraval, F.3
  • 32
    • 0037340554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peripheral blood lymphocyte subset counts in patients with dermatomyositis: Clinical correlations and changes following therapy
    • Viguier M, Fouere S, de la Salmoniere P et al. Peripheral blood lymphocyte subset counts in patients with dermatomyositis: clinical correlations and changes following therapy. Medicine 82, 82-86 (2003).
    • (2003) Medicine , vol.82 , pp. 82-86
    • Viguier, M.1    Fouere, S.2    de la Salmoniere, P.3
  • 33
    • 0033797113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • + T-lymphocyte counts during Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in immunocompromised patients without HIV infection
    • + T-lymphocyte counts during Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in immunocompromised patients without HIV infection. Chest 118, 712-720 (2000).
    • (2000) Chest , vol.118 , pp. 712-720
    • Mansharamani, N.G.1    Balachandran, D.2    Vernovsky, I.3    Garland, R.4    Koziel, H.5
  • 36
    • 2442501218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective, blinded study of quantitative touch-down polymerase chain reaction using oral-wash samples for diagnosis of Pneumocystis pneumonia in HIV-infected patients
    • Larsen HH, Huang L, Kovacs JA et al. A prospective, blinded study of quantitative touch-down polymerase chain reaction using oral-wash samples for diagnosis of Pneumocystis pneumonia in HIV-infected patients. J. Infect. Dis. 189, 1679-1683 (2004).
    • (2004) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.189 , pp. 1679-1683
    • Larsen, H.H.1    Huang, L.2    Kovacs, J.A.3
  • 37
    • 5644283374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PCR diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii on sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage samples in immunocompromised patients
    • Pinlaor S, Mootsikapun P, Pinlaor P et al. PCR diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii on sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage samples in immunocompromised patients. Parasitol. Res. 94, 213-218 (2004).
    • (2004) Parasitol. Res. , vol.94 , pp. 213-218
    • Pinlaor, S.1    Mootsikapun, P.2    Pinlaor, P.3
  • 38
    • 3142701273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison between real-time PCR, conventional PCR and different staining techniques for diagnosing Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia from bronchoalveolar lavage specimens
    • Flori P, Bellete B, Durand F et al. Comparison between real-time PCR, conventional PCR and different staining techniques for diagnosing Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia from bronchoalveolar lavage specimens. J. Med. Microbiol. 53, 603-607 (2004).
    • (2004) J. Med. Microbiol. , vol.53 , pp. 603-607
    • Flori, P.1    Bellete, B.2    Durand, F.3
  • 39
    • 2142762510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and serologic responses to Pneumocystis jiroveci
    • Daly KR, Koch J, Levin L, Walzer PD. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and serologic responses to Pneumocystis jiroveci. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 10, 848-854 (2004).
    • (2004) Emerg. Infect. Dis. , vol.10 , pp. 848-854
    • Daly, K.R.1    Koch, J.2    Levin, L.3    Walzer, P.D.4
  • 40
    • 0037433679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • S-adenosylmethionine concentrations in diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
    • Skelly M, Hoffman J, Fabbri M, Holzman RS, Clarkson Jr AB, Merali S. S-adenosylmethionine concentrations in diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Lancet 361, 1267-1268 (2003).
    • (2003) Lancet , vol.361 , pp. 1267-1268
    • Skelly, M.1    Hoffman, J.2    Fabbri, M.3    Holzman, R.S.4    Clarkson Jr., A.B.5    Merali, S.6
  • 41
    • 0037090058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Opportunistic infections in patients with and patients without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
    • Sepkowitz KA. Opportunistic infections in patients with and patients without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Clin. Infect. Dis. 34, 1098-1107 (2002).
    • (2002) Clin. Infect. Dis. , vol.34 , pp. 1098-1107
    • Sepkowitz, K.A.1
  • 42
    • 0037015188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for preventing opportunistic infections among HIV- infected persons - 2002. Recommendations of the Public Health Service and the Infectious Diseases Society of America
    • Masur H, Kaplan JE, Holmes KK. Guidelines for preventing opportunistic infections among HIV- infected persons - 2002. Recommendations of the Public Health Service and the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Ann. Intern. Med. 137, 435-478 (2002).
    • (2002) Ann. Intern. Med. , vol.137 , pp. 435-478
    • Masur, H.1    Kaplan, J.E.2    Holmes, K.K.3
  • 43
    • 0035879607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Summary of the guidelines for preventing opportunistic infections among hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients
    • Dykewicz CA. Summary of the guidelines for preventing opportunistic infections among hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. Clin. Infect. Dis. 33, 139-144 (2001).
    • (2001) Clin. Infect. Dis. , vol.33 , pp. 139-144
    • Dykewicz, C.A.1
  • 44
    • 0033010003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Should prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in solid organ transplant recipients ever be discontinued?
    • Gordon SM, LaRosa SP, Kalmadi S et al. Should prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in solid organ transplant recipients ever be discontinued? Clin. Infect. Dis. 28, 240-246 (1999).
    • (1999) Clin. Infect. Dis. , vol.28 , pp. 240-246
    • Gordon, S.M.1    LaRosa, S.P.2    Kalmadi, S.3
  • 45
    • 0036051849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European best practice guidelines for renal transplantation. IV: Long-term management of the transplant recipient. IV. 7 infections. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
    • EBPG Expert Group on Renal Transplantation
    • EBPG Expert Group on Renal Transplantation. European best practice guidelines for renal transplantation. IV: long-term management of the transplant recipient. IV. 7 infections. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 17, 36-39 (2002).
    • (2002) Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. , vol.17 , pp. 36-39
  • 46
    • 0033801225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management and outcome patterns for adult Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, 1985 to 1995. Comparison of HIV-associated cases to other immunocompromised states
    • Mansharamani NG, Garland R, Delaney D, Koziel H. Management and outcome patterns for adult Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, 1985 to 1995. Comparison of HIV-associated cases to other immunocompromised states. Chest 118, 704-711 (2000).
    • (2000) Chest , vol.118 , pp. 704-711
    • Mansharamani, N.G.1    Garland, R.2    Delaney, D.3    Koziel, H.4
  • 47
    • 0031959697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of infection due to Pneumocystis carinii
    • Fishman JA. Prevention of infection due to Pneumocystis carinii. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 42, 995-1004 (1998).
    • (1998) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.42 , pp. 995-1004
    • Fishman, J.A.1
  • 48
    • 0033869056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cost-effectiveness of prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with Wegener's granulomatosis undergoing immunosuppressive therapy
    • Chung JB, Armstrong K, Schwartz JS, Albert D. Cost-effectiveness of prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with Wegener's granulomatosis undergoing immunosuppressive therapy. Arthritis Rheum. 43, 1841-1848 (2000).
    • (2000) Arthritis Rheum. , vol.43 , pp. 1841-1848
    • Chung, J.B.1    Armstrong, K.2    Schwartz, J.S.3    Albert, D.4
  • 49
    • 0030041465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A meta-analysis of the relative efficacy and toxicity of Pneumocystis carinii prophylaxis regimens
    • Ioannidis JPA, Cappelleri JC, Skolnik PR, Lau J, Sacks HS. A meta-analysis of the relative efficacy and toxicity of Pneumocystis carinii prophylaxis regimens. Arch. Intern. Med. 156, 177-188 (1996).
    • (1996) Arch. Intern. Med. , vol.156 , pp. 177-188
    • Ioannidis, J.P.A.1    Cappelleri, J.C.2    Skolnik, P.R.3    Lau, J.4    Sacks, H.S.5
  • 50
    • 0037447483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of cyclophosphamide-induction methotrexate-maintenance regimen for the treatment of Wegener's granulomatosis: Extended follow-up and rate of relapse
    • Langford CA, Tatar-Williams C, Barron KS, Sneller MC. Use of cyclophosphamide-induction methotrexate-maintenance regimen for the treatment of Wegener's granulomatosis: extended follow-up and rate of relapse. Am. J. Med. 114, 463-469 (2003).
    • (2003) Am. J. Med. , vol.114 , pp. 463-469
    • Langford, C.A.1    Tatar-Williams, C.2    Barron, K.S.3    Sneller, M.C.4
  • 51
    • 0033069457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in solid organ transplant recipients. As long as the pros outweigh the cons
    • Arend SM, van't Wout JW. Prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in solid organ transplant recipients. As long as the pros outweigh the cons. Clin. Infect. Dis. 28, 247-249 (1999).
    • (1999) Clin. Infect. Dis. , vol.28 , pp. 247-249
    • Arend, S.M.1    van't Wout, J.W.2
  • 52
    • 0033980246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pneumocystis carinii mutations associated with sulfa and sulfone prophylaxis failures in immunocompromised patients
    • Armstrong W, Meshnick S, Kazanjian P. Pneumocystis carinii mutations associated with sulfa and sulfone prophylaxis failures in immunocompromised patients. Microb. Infect. 2, 61-67 (2000).
    • (2000) Microb. Infect. , vol.2 , pp. 61-67
    • Armstrong, W.1    Meshnick, S.2    Kazanjian, P.3
  • 53
    • 0032736606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pneumocystis carinii dihydropteroate synthase but not dihydrofolate reductase gene mutations correlate with prior trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or dapsone use
    • Ma L, Borio L, Masur H, Kovacs JA. Pneumocystis carinii dihydropteroate synthase but not dihydrofolate reductase gene mutations correlate with prior trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or dapsone use. J. Infect. Dis. 180, 1969-1978 (1999).
    • (1999) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.180 , pp. 1969-1978
    • Ma, L.1    Borio, L.2    Masur, H.3    Kovacs, J.A.4
  • 54
    • 3042584985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pneumocystis jiroveci dihydropteroate synthase polymorphism and resistance to sulfadoxine and sulfanilamide in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
    • Meneau I, Sanglard D, Bille J, Hauser PM. Pneumocystis jiroveci dihydropteroate synthase polymorphism and resistance to sulfadoxine and sulfanilamide in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 48, 2610-2616 (2004).
    • (2004) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.48 , pp. 2610-2616
    • Meneau, I.1    Sanglard, D.2    Bille, J.3    Hauser, P.M.4
  • 55
    • 0142105952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between a specific Pneumocystis jiroveci dihydropteroate synthase mutation and failure of pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine prophylaxis in human immunodeficiency virus-positive and negative patients
    • Nahimana A, Rabodonirina M, Zanetti G et al. Association between a specific Pneumocystis jiroveci dihydropteroate synthase mutation and failure of pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine prophylaxis in human immunodeficiency virus-positive and negative patients. J. Infect. Dis. 188, 1017-1023 (2003).
    • (2003) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.188 , pp. 1017-1023
    • Nahimana, A.1    Rabodonirina, M.2    Zanetti, G.3
  • 57
    • 2042468816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pneumocystis: Unravelling the cloak of obscurity
    • Cushion MT. Pneumocystis: unravelling the cloak of obscurity. Trends Microbiol. 12, 243-249 (2004).
    • (2004) Trends Microbiol. , vol.12 , pp. 243-249
    • Cushion, M.T.1
  • 58
    • 4844223605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dihydropteroate synthase gene mutations in Pneumocystis associated with resistance
    • Huang L, Crothers K, Atzori C et al. Dihydropteroate synthase gene mutations in Pneumocystis associated with resistance. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 10, 1721-1728 (2004).
    • (2004) Emerg. Infect. Dis. , vol.10 , pp. 1721-1728
    • Huang, L.1    Crothers, K.2    Atzori, C.3
  • 59
    • 0025153147 scopus 로고
    • A controlled trial of early adjunctive treatment with corticosteroids for Pneumocystis pneumonia in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
    • Bozette SA, Sattler FR, Chiu J et al. A controlled trial of early adjunctive treatment with corticosteroids for Pneumocystis pneumonia in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. N. Engl. J. Med. 323, 1451-1457 (1990).
    • (1990) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.323 , pp. 1451-1457
    • Bozette, S.A.1    Sattler, F.R.2    Chiu, J.3
  • 60
    • 0032564702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atovaquone compared with dapsone for the prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with HIV infection who cannot tolerate trimethoprim, sulfatethoxazole or both
    • El-Sadr WM, Murphy RL, McCabe Yurik T et al. Atovaquone compared with dapsone for the prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with HIV infection who cannot tolerate trimethoprim, sulfatethoxazole or both. N. Engl. J. Med. 339, 1889-1895 (1998).
    • (1998) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.339 , pp. 1889-1895
    • El-Sadr, W.M.1    Murphy, R.L.2    McCabe Yurik, T.3
  • 61
    • 2342468172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Failure of low-dose atovaquone prophylaxis against Pneumocystis jiroveci infection in transplant recipients
    • Rodriguez M, Sifri CD, Fishman JA. Failure of low-dose atovaquone prophylaxis against Pneumocystis jiroveci infection in transplant recipients. Clin. Infect. Dis. 38, E76-E78 (2004).
    • (2004) Clin. Infect. Dis. , vol.38
    • Rodriguez, M.1    Sifri, C.D.2    Fishman, J.A.3
  • 62
    • 1642535428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular basis for atovaquone resistance in Pneumocystis jiroveci modeled in the cytochrome bc1 complex of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
    • Kessl JJ, Hill P, Lange BB, Meshnick SR, Meunier B, Trumpower BL. Molecular basis for atovaquone resistance in Pneumocystis jiroveci modeled in the cytochrome bc1 complex of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J. Biol. Chem. 279, 2817-2824 (2004).
    • (2004) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.279 , pp. 2817-2824
    • Kessl, J.J.1    Hill, P.2    Lange, B.B.3    Meshnick, S.R.4    Meunier, B.5    Trumpower, B.L.6
  • 63
    • 0036619778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia after allogenic marrow transplantation
    • Marras TK, Sanders K, Lipton JH, Messner HA, Conly J, Chan CK. Aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia after allogenic marrow transplantation. Transplant. Infect. Dis. 4, 66-74 (2002).
    • (2002) Transplant. Infect. Dis. , vol.4 , pp. 66-74
    • Marras, T.K.1    Sanders, K.2    Lipton, J.H.3    Messner, H.A.4    Conly, J.5    Chan, C.K.6
  • 64
    • 0029868003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aerosolized pentamidine as alternative primary prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in adult hepatic and renal transplant recipients
    • Saukkonen K, Garland R, Koziel H. Aerosolized pentamidine as alternative primary prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in adult hepatic and renal transplant recipients. Chest 109, 1250-1255 (1996).
    • (1996) Chest , vol.109 , pp. 1250-1255
    • Saukkonen, K.1    Garland, R.2    Koziel, H.3
  • 65
    • 0038607744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis against AIDS-related Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and its short- and long-term effects on pulmonary function in Japanese
    • Konishi M, Yoshimoto E, Takahashi K et al. Aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis against AIDS-related Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and its short- and long-term effects on pulmonary function in Japanese. J. Infect. Chemother. 9, 178-182 (2003).
    • (2003) J. Infect. Chemother. , vol.9 , pp. 178-182
    • Konishi, M.1    Yoshimoto, E.2    Takahashi, K.3
  • 66
    • 0031802282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunisation with the major glycoprotein of Pneumocystis carinii elicits a protective response
    • Theus SA, Smulian AG, Steele P, Linke MJ, Walzer PD. Immunisation with the major glycoprotein of Pneumocystis carinii elicits a protective response. Vaccine 16, 1149-1157 (1998).
    • (1998) Vaccine , vol.16 , pp. 1149-1157
    • Theus, S.A.1    Smulian, A.G.2    Steele, P.3    Linke, M.J.4    Walzer, P.D.5
  • 67
    • 0031835364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of infection due to Pneumocystis carinii
    • Fishman JA. Treatment of infection due to Pneumocystis carinii. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 42, 1309-1314 (1998).
    • (1998) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.42 , pp. 1309-1314
    • Fishman, J.A.1
  • 68
    • 0028957202 scopus 로고
    • Adverse events associated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and atovaquone during the treatment of AIDS-related Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
    • Hughes WT, LaFon S, Scott J, Masur H. Adverse events associated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and atovaquone during the treatment of AIDS-related Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. J. Infect. Dis. 171, 1295-1301 (1995).
    • (1995) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.171 , pp. 1295-1301
    • Hughes, W.T.1    LaFon, S.2    Scott, J.3    Masur, H.4
  • 69
    • 0027486074 scopus 로고
    • Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients without AIDS
    • Sepkowitz KA. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients without AIDS. Clin. Infect. Dis. 17, S416-S422 (1993).
    • (1993) Clin. Infect. Dis. , vol.17
    • Sepkowitz, K.A.1
  • 70
    • 0034918710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A meta-analysis of salvage therapy for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
    • Smego JR, Nagar S, Maloba B, Popara M. A meta-analysis of salvage therapy for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Arch. Intern. Med. 161, 1529-1533 (2001).
    • (2001) Arch. Intern. Med. , vol.161 , pp. 1529-1533
    • Smego, J.R.1    Nagar, S.2    Maloba, B.3    Popara, M.4
  • 71
    • 7244238109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Highly active anti-Pneumocystis carinii compounds in a library of novel piperazine-linked bisbenzamidines and related compounds
    • Cushion MT, Walzer PD, Collins MS et al. Highly active anti-Pneumocystis carinii compounds in a library of novel piperazine-linked bisbenzamidines and related compounds. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 48, 4209-4216 (2004).
    • (2004) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.48 , pp. 4209-4216
    • Cushion, M.T.1    Walzer, P.D.2    Collins, M.S.3
  • 72
    • 0031925762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of adjunctive corticosteroids in severe adults' non-HIV Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
    • Pareja JG, Garland R, Koziel H. Use of adjunctive corticosteroids in severe adults' non-HIV Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Chest 113, 1215-1224 (1998).
    • (1998) Chest , vol.113 , pp. 1215-1224
    • Pareja, J.G.1    Garland, R.2    Koziel, H.3
  • 73
    • 0032843162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corticosteroids as adjunctive therapy for severe Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in non-human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients: A retrospective study of 31 patients
    • Delclaux C, Zahar JR, Amraoui G et al. Corticosteroids as adjunctive therapy for severe Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in non-human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients: a retrospective study of 31 patients. Clin. Infect. Dis. 29, 670-672 (1999).
    • (1999) Clin. Infect. Dis. , vol.29 , pp. 670-672
    • Delclaux, C.1    Zahar, J.R.2    Amraoui, G.3
  • 74
    • 0037108526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in critically ill patients with malignancy: A descriptive study
    • Zahar JR, Robin M, Azoulay E, Fieux F, Nitenberg G, Schlemmer B. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in critically ill patients with malignancy: a descriptive study. Clin. Infect. Dis. 35, 929-934 (2002).
    • (2002) Clin. Infect. Dis. , vol.35 , pp. 929-934
    • Zahar, J.R.1    Robin, M.2    Azoulay, E.3    Fieux, F.4    Nitenberg, G.5    Schlemmer, B.6
  • 75
    • 0037481814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with hematologic malignancies: A descriptive study
    • Roblot F, Le Moal G, Godet C et al. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with hematologic malignancies: a descriptive study. J. Infect. 47, 19-27 (2003).
    • (2003) J. Infect. , vol.47 , pp. 19-27
    • Roblot, F.1    Le Moal, G.2    Godet, C.3
  • 76
    • 4844225635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular evidence of interhuman transmission of Pneumocystis pneumonia among renal transplant recipients hospitalized with HIV infected patients
    • Rabodonirina M, Vanhems P. Couray-Targe S et al. Molecular evidence of interhuman transmission of Pneumocystis pneumonia among renal transplant recipients hospitalized with HIV infected patients. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 10, 1766-1773 (2004).
    • (2004) Emerg. Infect Dis. , vol.10 , pp. 1766-1773
    • Rabodonirina, M.1    Vanhems, P.2    Couray-Targe, S.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.