Hypertension and Concomitant Diseases: A Guide for Evidence-Based Therapy

Journal of the National Medical Association

Volumn 96, Issue 4, 2004, Pages 450-460

  Retta, Tamrat M ^a   Randall, Otelio S ^a  

^a HOWARD UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Hypertension

Indexed keywords

ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; ALPHA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; AMLODIPINE; AMLODIPINE PLUS BENAZEPRIL; ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT; ATENOLOL PLUS CHLORTALIDONE; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT; CAPTOPRIL; CLONIDINE; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; DIURETIC AGENT; ENALAPRIL MALEATE PLUS FELODIPINE; HYDRALAZINE; HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE PLUS LISINOPRIL; LABETALOL; MINOXIDIL; NIFEDIPINE; NITROPRUSSIDE SODIUM; PROPRANOLOL; VASODILATOR AGENT;

ACUTE HEART INFARCTION; ALGORITHM; ANGINA PECTORIS; AORTA DISSECTING ANEURYSM; BLOOD PRESSURE REGULATION; CARDIOMYOPATHY; CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE LUNG DISEASE; CLINICAL PRACTICE; CLINICAL TRIAL; COMORBIDITY; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; DIABETES MELLITUS; DRUG CHOICE; DRUG INDICATION; DRUG MECHANISM; DYSPHAGIA; EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE; HEART FAILURE; HEART LEFT VENTRICLE FAILURE; HEART LEFT VENTRICLE HYPERTROPHY; HEART MUSCLE OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; HUMAN; HYPERLIPIDEMIA; HYPERTENSION; KIDNEY FAILURE; MEDICAL DECISION MAKING; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PATIENT COMPLIANCE; PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PRESCRIPTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; RENOVASCULAR HYPERTENSION; REVIEW; SIDE EFFECT; SYSTOLIC HYPERTENSION; TREATMENT OUTCOME; TREATMENT PLANNING; UNITED STATES;

ALGORITHMS; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENTS; COMORBIDITY; EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE; HUMANS; HYPERTENSION; PRACTICE GUIDELINES;

EID: 1842485120     PISSN: 00279684     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (55)

1. Joint National Committee on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. The 6th report of the Joint National Committee on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNCVI). Arch Intern Med. 1997;157:2413-2446.
2. Burt VL, Whelton P, Rocella EJ, et al. Prevalence of hypertension in the U.S. adult population: results from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1991. Hypertens. 1995;25:305-313.
3. SHEP Cooperative Research Group. Prevention of stroke by antihypertensive drug treatment in older persons with isolated systolic hypertension: final results of the Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program (SHEP). JAMA. 1991;265:3255-3264.
4. Gifford Jr RW. Isolated systolic hypertension in the elderly. JAMA. 1982;247:781-785.
5. Randall OS, van den Bos GC, Westerhof N, et al. Systemic compliance: does it play a role in the genesis of essential hypertension? Cardiovasc Res. 1984; XVIII:455-462.
6. Randall OS. Physiology and pathophysiology of hypertension. JAAMP 1991;2:151-155.
7. Ward R. Familial aggregation and genetic epidemiology of blood pressure. In: Laragh JH, Brenner BM, eds. Hypertension: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management. New York, NY: Raven Press; 1990:81-100.
8. Elzinga G, Westerhof N. Pressure and flow generated by the left ventricle against different impedances. Circ Res. 1973;32:178-186.
9. Imperial ES, Levy MN, Zieske H. Outflow resistance as an independent determinant of cardiac performance. Cir Res. 1961;9:1148-1155.
10. Urschel CW, Covell JW, Sonnenblick EH, et al. Effects of decreased aortic compliance on performance of the left ventricle. Am J Physiol. 1968;214:298-304.
11. Randall OS, Esler MD, Calfee RV, et al. Arterial compliance in hypertension. Aust N Z J Med. 1976;2:49-59.
12. Randall OS. Effect of arterial compliance on systolic blood pressure and cardiac function. Clin Exper Hyper-Theory Prac. 1982;A4:1045-1057.
13. Randall O, Esler M, Culp B, et al: Determinants of baroreflex sensitivity in man. J Lab Clin Med. 1978;91:514-519.
14. Kannel WB, Dawber TR, McGee DL. Perspectives on systolic hypertension. Circ. 1980;61:1179-1182.
15. Domanski MJ, Davis BR, Pfeffer MA, et al. Isolated systolic hypertension-prognostic information provided by pulse pressure. Hypertens. 1999;34:375-380.
16. Frolich ED. Hemodynamic differences between black patients and white patients with essential hypertension (State of the Art Lecture). Hypertens. 1990;15:675-680.
17. Hall WD, Ferrario CM, Moore MA, et al. Hypertension-related morbidity and mortality in the southeastern United States. Am J Med Sci. 1997;313:195-206.
18. Veterans Administration Cooperative Study Group on Antihypertensive Agents. Effects of treatment on morbidity in hypertension: results in patients with diastolic blood pressures averaging 115-129mm Hg. JAMA. 1967;202:1028-1034.
19. Beta-Blocker Heart Attack Trial Research Group. A randomized trial of propranolol in patients with acute myocardial infraction. I. Mortality Results. JAMA. 1982;247:1707-1714.
20. The Norwegian Multicenter Study Group. Timolol-induced reduction in mortality and reinfarction in patients surviving acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 1981;304:801-807.
21. Sleight P. Beta-adrenergic blockade after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 1981;304:837-838.
22. Pfeffer MA, Braunwald E, Moyé LA, et al. Effect of captopril on mortality and morbidity in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 1992;327:669-677.
23. Pfeffer MA, Lamas GA, Vaughan DE, et al. Effect of captopril on progressive ventricular dilatation after anterior myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 1988;319:80-86.
24. The ALLHAT Officers and Coordinators for the ALLHAT Collaborative Research Group. Major outcomes in high-risk hypertensive patients randomized to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or calcium channel blocker versus diuretic. The Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT). JAMA. 2002;288:2981-2997.
25. Frishman WH, Charlap S, Kimmel B, et al. Calcium-channel blockers for combined angina pectoris and systemic hypertension. Am J Cardiol. 1986;57:22D-29D.
26. Epstein M, Bakris G. Newer approaches to antihypertensive therapy: use of fixed-dose combination therapy. Arch Intern Med. 1996;156:1969-1978.
27. Flather MD, Yusuf S, Kober L, et al. Long-term ACE-inhibitor therapy in patients with heart failure or left ventricular dysfunction: a systematic overview of data from individual patients. Lancet. 1000;1575-1581.
28. Pitt B, Poole-Wilson PA, Segal R, et al. Effect of losartan compared with captopril on mortality in patients with symptomatic heart failure: randomized trial-The Losartan Heart Failure Survival Study ELITE II. Lancet. 2000;355:1582-1587.
29. Packer M, Bristow MR, Cohn JN, et al. U.S. Carvedilol Heart Failure Study Group. The effect of carvedilol on morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic heart failure. N Engl J Med. 1996;334:1349-1355.
30. Packer M, Coats AJS, Fowler MB, et al. Carvedilol Prospective Randomized Cumulative Survival Study Group. Effect on carvedilol on survival in severe chronic heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2001;334:1651-1658.
31. Hjalmarson A, Goldstein S, Fagerberg B, et al. MERIT-HF Study Group. Effects of controlled-release metoprolol on total mortality, hospitalizations, and well-being in patients with heart failure: The Metoprolol CR/XL Randomized Intervention in Congestive Heart Failure (MERIT-HF). JAMA. 2000;283:1295-1302.
32. MERIT-HF Study Group. Effect of metoprolol CR/XL in chronic heart failure: metoprolol CR/XL Randomized Intervention Trial in Heart Failure (MERIT-HF). Lancet. 1999;353:2001-2007.
33. Hunt SA, Baker DW, Chin MH, et al. ACC/AHA guidelines for the evaluation and management of chronic heart failure in the adult: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee to Revise the 1995 Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of Heart Failure). J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001;38:2101-2113.
34. Mann DL. Basic mechanisms of disease progression in the failing heart: the role of excessive adrenergic drive. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 1998;41(1,Suppl 1):1-8.
35. Cohn JN, Archibald DG, Ziesche S, et al. Effect of vasodilator therapy on mortality in chronic congestive heart failure. Results of a Veterans Administration Cooperative Study. N Engl J Med. 1986;314:1547-1552.
36. Packer M, O'Connor CM, Ghali JK, et al, for the Prospective Randomized Amlodipine Survival Evaluation Study Group. Effect of amlodipine on morbidity and mortality in severe chronic heart failure. N Engl J Med. 1996;335:1107-1114.
37. Cohn JN, Ziesche S, Smith R, et al. for the Vasodilator-Heart Failure Trial. Effect of calcium antagonist felodipine as supplementary vasodilator therapy in patients with chronic heart failure treated with enalapril: V-HeFT III. Circ. 1997;96:856-863.
38. The SOLVD Investigators. Effects of enalapril on survival in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fractions and congestive heart failure. N Engl J Med. 1991;325:293-302.
39. Schlaich MP, Schmieder RE. Left ventricular hypertrophy and its regression: pathophysiology and therapeutic approach: Focus on treatment by antihypertensive agents. Am J Hypertens. 1998;11(11Pt1):1394-1404.
40. Roman MJ, Alderman MH, Pickering TG, et al. Differential effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition and diuretic therapy on reductions in ambulatory blood pressure, left ventricular mass, and vascular hypertrophy. Am J Hypertens. 1998;11(4Pt1):387-396.
41. Bakris GL, Williams M, Dworkin L, et al. for the National Kidney Foundation Hypertension and Diabetes Executive Committees Working Group. Am J Kidney Dis. 2000;36:646-661.
42. Lewis EJ, Hunsicker LG, Bain RP, et al. for the Collaborative Study Group. The effect of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibition on diabetes nephropathy. N Engl J Med. 1993;329:1456-1462.
43. The Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study Investigators. Effects of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor, ramipril, on cardiovascular events in high-risk patients. N Engl J Med. 2000;342:145-153.
44. Lewis EJ, Hunsicker LG, Clarke WR, et al. Renoprotective effect of the angiotensin-receptor antagonist irbesartan in patients with nephropathy due to type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2001;345:851-860.
45. Parving HH, Lehnert H, Brochner-Mortensen J, et al. The effect of irbesartan on the development of diabetic nephropathy in patients with type-2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2001;345:870-878.
46. Brenner BM, Cooper ME, de Zeeuw D, et al. Effects of losartan on renal and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type-2 diabetes and nephropathy. N Engl J Med 2001;345:861-869.
47. Lindholm LH, Ibsen H, Dahl'f B, et al. for the LIFE Study Group. Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes in the Losartan Intervention for Endpoint Reduction in Hypertension Study (LIFE): a randomized trial against atenolol. Lancet. 2002;359(9311):1004-1010.
48. Estacio RO, Gifford N, Jeffers BW, et al. Effect of blood pressure control on diabetic microvascular complications in patients with hypertension and type-2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2000;23(suppl 2):B54-B64.
49. Agodoa LY, Appel L, Bakris GL, et al. For the African-American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension (AASK) Study Group. Effect of ramipril versus amlodipine on renal outcomes in hypertensive nephrosclerosis: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2001;285:2719-2728.
50. Maschio G, Alberti D, Janin G, et al. For the Angiotensin-Converting-Enzyme Inhibition in Progressive Renal Insufficiency Study Group. Effect of the angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor benazepril on the progression of chronic renal insufficiency. N Engl J Med. 1996;334:939-945.
51. Remuzzi G, Ruggenenti P, Perico N. Chronic renal diseases: renoprotective benefits of renin-angiotensin system inhibition. Ann Intern Med. 2002;136:604-615.
52. National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group. National High Blood Pressure Education Working Group report on hypertension in the elderly. Hypertens. 1994;23:275-285.
53. MacMahon S, Rodgers A. The effects of blood pressure reduction in older patients: an overview of five randomized controlled trials in elderly hypertensives. Clin Exp Hypertens. 1993;15:967-978.
54. Curb JD, Pressel SL, Cutler JA, et al. for the Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program Cooperative Research Group. Effect of diuretic-based antihypertensive treatment on cardiovascular disease risk in older diabetic patients with isolated systolic hypertension. JAMA. 1996;276:1886-1892.
55. The Seventh Report of the Joint Committee on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC VII). JAMA. 2003;289:2560-2572.