메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 45, Issue 2-3, 2005, Pages 106-114

Carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-DNA adducts and mechanism of action

Author keywords

Carcinogenesis; Complex mixtures; Cytochrome P450; DNA adducts; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon

Indexed keywords

CYTOCHROME P450; DNA; PHORBOL 13 ACETATE 12 MYRISTATE; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON;

EID: 17044423833     PISSN: 08936692     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/em.20095     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (557)

References (57)
  • 2
    • 0015673189 scopus 로고
    • Studies on the formation of hydrocarbon-deoxyribonucleoside products by the binding of the derivatives of 7-methylbenz(a)anthracene to DNA in aqueous solution and in mouse embryo cells in culture
    • Baird WM, Dipple A, Grover PL, Sims P, Brookes P. 1973. Studies on the formation of hydrocarbon-deoxyribonucleoside products by the binding of the derivatives of 7-methylbenz(a)anthracene to DNA in aqueous solution and in mouse embryo cells in culture. Cancer Res 33:2386-2392.
    • (1973) Cancer Res , vol.33 , pp. 2386-2392
    • Baird, W.M.1    Dipple, A.2    Grover, P.L.3    Sims, P.4    Brookes, P.5
  • 3
    • 0016437345 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the cellular DNA-bound products of benzo(a)pyrene with the products formed by the reaction of benzo(a)pyrene-4, 5 oxide with DNA
    • Baird WM, Harvey RG, Brookes P. 1975. Comparison of the cellular DNA-bound products of benzo(a)pyrene with the products formed by the reaction of benzo(a)pyrene-4, 5 oxide with DNA. Cancer Res 35:54-57.
    • (1975) Cancer Res , vol.35 , pp. 54-57
    • Baird, W.M.1    Harvey, R.G.2    Brookes, P.3
  • 4
    • 0021281325 scopus 로고
    • Benzo(e)pyrene-induced alterations in the metabolic activation of benzo(a)pyrene and 7, 12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene by hamster embryo cells
    • Baird WM, Salmon CP, Diamond L. 1984. Benzo(e)pyrene-induced alterations in the metabolic activation of benzo(a)pyrene and 7, 12-dimethylbenz(a) anthracene by hamster embryo cells. Cancer Res 44:1445-1452.
    • (1984) Cancer Res , vol.44 , pp. 1445-1452
    • Baird, W.M.1    Salmon, C.P.2    Diamond, L.3
  • 5
    • 0001636928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
    • Sipes IG, McQueen CA, Gandolfi AJ, editors. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Baird WM, Ralston SL. 1997. Carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. In: Sipes IG, McQueen CA, Gandolfi AJ, editors. Comprehensive toxicology, vol. 12. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p 171-200.
    • (1997) Comprehensive Toxicology , vol.12 , pp. 171-200
    • Baird, W.M.1    Ralston, S.L.2
  • 6
    • 0036146203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of gap-junctional intercellular communication by environmentally occurring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
    • Bláha L, Kapplová P, Vondráček J, Upham B, Machala M. 2002. Inhibition of gap-junctional intercellular communication by environmentally occurring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Toxicol Sci 65:43-51.
    • (2002) Toxicol Sci , vol.65 , pp. 43-51
    • Bláha, L.1    Kapplová, P.2    Vondráček, J.3    Upham, B.4    Machala, M.5
  • 7
    • 0030872306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cancer risk from occupational and environmental exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
    • Boffetta P, Jourenkova N, Gustavsson P. 1997. Cancer risk from occupational and environmental exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Cancer Causes Control 8:444-472.
    • (1997) Cancer Causes Control , vol.8 , pp. 444-472
    • Boffetta, P.1    Jourenkova, N.2    Gustavsson, P.3
  • 8
    • 0015624014 scopus 로고
    • Metabolic conversion of benzo[a]pyrene by Syrian hamster liver microsomes and binding of metabolite to deoxyribonucleic acid
    • Borgen A, Darvey H, Castagnoli N, Crocker TT, Rasmussen RE, Wang IY. 1973. Metabolic conversion of benzo[a]pyrene by Syrian hamster liver microsomes and binding of metabolite to deoxyribonucleic acid. J Med Chem 16:502-506.
    • (1973) J Med Chem , vol.16 , pp. 502-506
    • Borgen, A.1    Darvey, H.2    Castagnoli, N.3    Crocker, T.T.4    Rasmussen, R.E.5    Wang, I.Y.6
  • 9
    • 0002331478 scopus 로고
    • The biological significance of metabolism of polycyclic compounds
    • Boyland E. 1950. The biological significance of metabolism of polycyclic compounds. Biochem Soc Symp 5:40-54.
    • (1950) Biochem Soc Symp , vol.5 , pp. 40-54
    • Boyland, E.1
  • 10
    • 37049045997 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for the binding of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons to the nucleic acids of mouse skin: Relation between carcinogenic power of hydrocarbons and their binding to deoxyribonucleic acid
    • Brookes P, Lawley PD. 1964. Evidence for the binding of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons to the nucleic acids of mouse skin: relation between carcinogenic power of hydrocarbons and their binding to deoxyribonucleic acid. Nature 202:781-784.
    • (1964) Nature , vol.202 , pp. 781-784
    • Brookes, P.1    Lawley, P.D.2
  • 12
    • 0035834974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of estrogen-induced genes downregulated by AhR agonists in MCF-7 breast cancer cells using suppression subtractive hybridization
    • Chen I, Hsieh T, Thomas T, Safe S. 2001. Identification of estrogen-induced genes downregulated by AhR agonists in MCF-7 breast cancer cells using suppression subtractive hybridization. Gene 262:207-214.
    • (2001) Gene , vol.262 , pp. 207-214
    • Chen, I.1    Hsieh, T.2    Thomas, T.3    Safe, S.4
  • 13
    • 0020431144 scopus 로고
    • Induction of microsomal enzymes by foreign chemicals and carcinogenesis by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
    • Conney AH. 1982. Induction of microsomal enzymes by foreign chemicals and carcinogenesis by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Cancer Res 42:4875-4917.
    • (1982) Cancer Res , vol.42 , pp. 4875-4917
    • Conney, A.H.1
  • 14
    • 0003137106 scopus 로고
    • The isolation of a cancer-producing hydrocarbon from coal tar
    • Cook JW, Hewett CL, Hieger I. 1933. The isolation of a cancer-producing hydrocarbon from coal tar. J Chem Soc 395:1-3.
    • (1933) J Chem Soc , vol.395 , pp. 1-3
    • Cook, J.W.1    Hewett, C.L.2    Hieger, I.3
  • 15
    • 0031869266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of the tumors induced by coal tar and benzo[a]pyrene in a 2-year bioassay
    • Culp SJ, Gaylor DW, Sheldon WG, Goldstein LS, Beland FA. 1998. A comparison of the tumors induced by coal tar and benzo[a]pyrene in a 2-year bioassay. Carcinogenesis 19:117-124.
    • (1998) Carcinogenesis , vol.19 , pp. 117-124
    • Culp, S.J.1    Gaylor, D.W.2    Sheldon, W.G.3    Goldstein, L.S.4    Beland, F.A.5
  • 16
    • 0021682925 scopus 로고
    • Investigation on the carcinogenicity of emission condensate from brown coal fired residential stoves chronical applied to mouse skin
    • Deutsch-Wenzel R, Brune H, Grimmer G, Dettbarn G, Misfeld J, Timm J. 1984. Investigation on the carcinogenicity of emission condensate from brown coal fired residential stoves chronical applied to mouse skin. Cancer Lett 25:103-111.
    • (1984) Cancer Lett , vol.25 , pp. 103-111
    • Deutsch-Wenzel, R.1    Brune, H.2    Grimmer, G.3    Dettbarn, G.4    Misfeld, J.5    Timm, J.6
  • 17
    • 0032615587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNA reactions, mutagenic action and stealth properties of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon carcinogens
    • Dipple A, Khan QA, Page JE, Ponten I, Szeliga J. 1999. DNA reactions, mutagenic action and stealth properties of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon carcinogens. Int J Oncol 14:103-111.
    • (1999) Int J Oncol , vol.14 , pp. 103-111
    • Dipple, A.1    Khan, Q.A.2    Page, J.E.3    Ponten, I.4    Szeliga, J.5
  • 18
    • 0035977838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of gene knockout mice to unravel the mechanisms of toxicity and chemical carcinogenesis
    • Gonzalez FJ. 2001. The use of gene knockout mice to unravel the mechanisms of toxicity and chemical carcinogenesis. Toxicol Lett 120:199-208.
    • (2001) Toxicol Lett , vol.120 , pp. 199-208
    • Gonzalez, F.J.1
  • 19
  • 20
    • 0023217219 scopus 로고
    • Contribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polar polycyclic aromatic compounds to the carcinogenic impact of flue gas condensate from coal-fired residential furnaces evaluated by implantation into the rat lung
    • Grimmer G, Brune H, Deutsch-Wenzel R, Dettbarn G, Misfeld J. 1987. Contribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polar polycyclic aromatic compounds to the carcinogenic impact of flue gas condensate from coal-fired residential furnaces evaluated by implantation into the rat lung. J Natl Cancer Inst 78:935-941.
    • (1987) J Natl Cancer Inst , vol.78 , pp. 935-941
    • Grimmer, G.1    Brune, H.2    Deutsch-Wenzel, R.3    Dettbarn, G.4    Misfeld, J.5
  • 22
    • 0033213920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Breast cancer risk associated with genotype polymorphism of the estrogen-metabolizing genes CYP17, CYP1A1, and COMT: A multigenic study on cancer susceptibility
    • Huang CS, Chern HD, Chang KJ, Cheng CW, Hsu SM, Shen CY. 1999. Breast cancer risk associated with genotype polymorphism of the estrogen-metabolizing genes CYP17, CYP1A1, and COMT: a multigenic study on cancer susceptibility. Cancer Res 59:4870-4875.
    • (1999) Cancer Res , vol.59 , pp. 4870-4875
    • Huang, C.S.1    Chern, H.D.2    Chang, K.J.3    Cheng, C.W.4    Hsu, S.M.5    Shen, C.Y.6
  • 23
    • 0034730679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biphasic kinetic behavior of rat cytochrome P-4501A1-dependent monooxygenation in recombinant yeast microsomes
    • Inouye K, Mizokawa T, Saito A, Tonomura B, Ohkawa H. 2000. Biphasic kinetic behavior of rat cytochrome P-4501A1-dependent monooxygenation in recombinant yeast microsomes. Biochim Biophys Acta 1481:265-272.
    • (2000) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.1481 , pp. 265-272
    • Inouye, K.1    Mizokawa, T.2    Saito, A.3    Tonomura, B.4    Ohkawa, H.5
  • 24
    • 0017378275 scopus 로고
    • Relationships of quantum mechanical calculations, relative mutagenicity of benzo[a]anthracene diol epoxides, and "bay region" concept of aromatic hydrocarbon carcinogenicity
    • Lehr RE, Jerina DM. 1977. Relationships of quantum mechanical calculations, relative mutagenicity of benzo[a]anthracene diol epoxides, and "bay region" concept of aromatic hydrocarbon carcinogenicity. J Toxiocol Environ Health 2:1259-1265.
    • (1977) J Toxiocol Environ Health , vol.2 , pp. 1259-1265
    • Lehr, R.E.1    Jerina, D.M.2
  • 25
    • 0017684655 scopus 로고
    • Marked differences in the tumor-initiating activity of optically pure (+)- and (-)-trans-7, 8,-dihydroxy-7,8-dihydrobenzo(a)pyrene on mouse skin
    • Levin W, Wood AW, Chang RL, Slaga TJ, Yagi H, Jerina DM, Conney AH. 1977a. Marked differences in the tumor-initiating activity of optically pure (+)- and (-)-trans-7, 8,-dihydroxy-7,8-dihydrobenzo(a)pyrene on mouse skin. Cancer Res 37:2721-2725.
    • (1977) Cancer Res , vol.37 , pp. 2721-2725
    • Levin, W.1    Wood, A.W.2    Chang, R.L.3    Slaga, T.J.4    Yagi, H.5    Jerina, D.M.6    Conney, A.H.7
  • 28
    • 0035138552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of the (-)-anti-11R, 12S-dihydrodiol 13S,14R-epoxide of dibenzo[a,l]pyrene on DNA adduct formation and cell cycle arrest in human diploid fibroblasts
    • Mahadevan B, Luch A, Seidel A, Pelling JC, Baird WM. 2001. Effects of the (-)-anti-11R, 12S-dihydrodiol 13S,14R-epoxide of dibenzo[a,l]pyrene on DNA adduct formation and cell cycle arrest in human diploid fibroblasts. Carcinogenesis 22:161-169.
    • (2001) Carcinogenesis , vol.22 , pp. 161-169
    • Mahadevan, B.1    Luch, A.2    Seidel, A.3    Pelling, J.C.4    Baird, W.M.5
  • 29
    • 0037223697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutations induced by (-)-anti-11R, 12S-dihydrodiol 13S,14R-epoxide of dibenzo[a,l]pyrene in the coding region of the hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (Hprt) gene in Chinese hamster V79 cells
    • Mahadevan B, Dashwood WM, Luch A, Pecaj A, Doehmer J, Seidel A, Pereira C, Baird WM. 2003. Mutations induced by (-)-anti-11R, 12S-dihydrodiol 13S,14R-epoxide of dibenzo[a,l]pyrene in the coding region of the hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (Hprt) gene in Chinese hamster V79 cells. Environ Mol Mutagen 41:131-139.
    • (2003) Environ Mol Mutagen , vol.41 , pp. 131-139
    • Mahadevan, B.1    Dashwood, W.M.2    Luch, A.3    Pecaj, A.4    Doehmer, J.5    Seidel, A.6    Pereira, C.7    Baird, W.M.8
  • 31
    • 0034936129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of a complex environmental mixture from coal tar containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) on the tumor initiation, PAH-DNA binding and metabolic activation of carcinogenic PAH in mouse epidermis
    • Marston CP, Pereira C, Ferguson J, Fischer K, Hedstrom O, Dashwood WM, Baird WM. 2001. Effect of a complex environmental mixture from coal tar containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) on the tumor initiation, PAH-DNA binding and metabolic activation of carcinogenic PAH in mouse epidermis. Carcinogenesis 22:1077-1086.
    • (2001) Carcinogenesis , vol.22 , pp. 1077-1086
    • Marston, C.P.1    Pereira, C.2    Ferguson, J.3    Fischer, K.4    Hedstrom, O.5    Dashwood, W.M.6    Baird, W.M.7
  • 32
  • 33
    • 0035120777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of cellular metabolism on the biological effects of benzo[a]pyrene and related hydrocarbons
    • Miller KP, Ramos KS. 2001. Impact of cellular metabolism on the biological effects of benzo[a]pyrene and related hydrocarbons. Drug Metab Rev 33:1-35.
    • (2001) Drug Metab Rev , vol.33 , pp. 1-35
    • Miller, K.P.1    Ramos, K.S.2
  • 34
    • 0028791353 scopus 로고
    • A conundrum in molecular toxicology: Molecular and biological changes during neoplastic transformation of human cells
    • Milo GE, Shuler CF, Lee H, Casto BC. 1995. A conundrum in molecular toxicology: molecular and biological changes during neoplastic transformation of human cells. Cell Biol Toxicol 11:329-345.
    • (1995) Cell Biol Toxicol , vol.11 , pp. 329-345
    • Milo, G.E.1    Shuler, C.F.2    Lee, H.3    Casto, B.C.4
  • 38
    • 0033565866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the diet
    • Phillips DH. 1999. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the diet. Mutat Res 443:139-147.
    • (1999) Mutat Res , vol.443 , pp. 139-147
    • Phillips, D.H.1
  • 39
    • 0003137030 scopus 로고
    • Chirurgical observations
    • Pott P. 1963. Chirurgical observations. Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 10:7.
    • (1963) Natl Cancer Inst Monogr , vol.10 , pp. 7
    • Pott, P.1
  • 40
    • 0000247158 scopus 로고
    • Electronic structure and carcinogenic activity of aromatic molecules: New developments
    • Pullman A, Pullman B. 1955. Electronic structure and carcinogenic activity of aromatic molecules: new developments. Adv Cancer Res 3:117-169.
    • (1955) Adv Cancer Res , vol.3 , pp. 117-169
    • Pullman, A.1    Pullman, B.2
  • 41
    • 0021328421 scopus 로고
    • Murine susceptibility to two-stage skin carcinogenesis is influenced by the agent used for promotion
    • Reiners JJ Jr, Nesnow S, Slaga TJ. 1984. Murine susceptibility to two-stage skin carcinogenesis is influenced by the agent used for promotion. Carcinogenesis 5:301-307.
    • (1984) Carcinogenesis , vol.5 , pp. 301-307
    • Reiners Jr., J.J.1    Nesnow, S.2    Slaga, T.J.3
  • 42
    • 0035681327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synergistic mechanisms in carcinogenesis by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and by tobacco smoke: A bio-historical perspective with updates
    • Rubin H. 2001. Synergistic mechanisms in carcinogenesis by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and by tobacco smoke: a bio-historical perspective with updates. Carcinogenesis 22:1903-1930.
    • (2001) Carcinogenesis , vol.22 , pp. 1903-1930
    • Rubin, H.1
  • 45
    • 0034913574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Co-expression of human cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) variants and human NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase in the baculovirus/insect cell system
    • Schwarz D, Kisselev P, Honeck H, Cascorbi I, Schunck WH, Roots I. 2001. Co-expression of human cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) variants and human NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase in the baculovirus/insect cell system. Xenobiotica 31:345-356.
    • (2001) Xenobiotica , vol.31 , pp. 345-356
    • Schwarz, D.1    Kisselev, P.2    Honeck, H.3    Cascorbi, I.4    Schunck, W.H.5    Roots, I.6
  • 47
    • 0034876318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic activation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and other procarcinogens by cytochromes P450 1A1 and P450 1B1 allelic variants and other human cytochromes P450 in Salmonella typhimurium NM2009
    • Shimada T, Oda Y, Gillam EM, Guengerich FP, Inouye K. 2001. Metabolic activation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and other procarcinogens by cytochromes P450 1A1 and P450 1B1 allelic variants and other human cytochromes P450 in Salmonella typhimurium NM2009. Drug Metab Dispos 29:1176-1182.
    • (2001) Drug Metab Dispos , vol.29 , pp. 1176-1182
    • Shimada, T.1    Oda, Y.2    Gillam, E.M.3    Guengerich, F.P.4    Inouye, K.5
  • 48
    • 1142275258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic activation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to carcinogens by cytochrome P450 1A1 and 1B1
    • Shimada T, Fujii-Kuriyama Y. 2004. Metabolic activation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to carcinogens by cytochrome P450 1A1 and 1B1. Cancer Sci 95:1-6.
    • (2004) Cancer Sci , vol.95 , pp. 1-6
    • Shimada, T.1    Fujii-Kuriyama, Y.2
  • 49
    • 0016328890 scopus 로고
    • Metabolic activation of benzo[a]pyrene proceeds by diol-epoxide
    • Sims P, Grover PL, Swaisland A, Pal K, Hewer A. 1974. Metabolic activation of benzo[a]pyrene proceeds by diol-epoxide. Nature 252: 326-327.
    • (1974) Nature , vol.252 , pp. 326-327
    • Sims, P.1    Grover, P.L.2    Swaisland, A.3    Pal, K.4    Hewer, A.5
  • 50
    • 0032933038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Symposium overview: Characterization of xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme function using heterologous expression systems
    • Townsend AJ, Kiningham KK, St Clair D, Tephly TR, Morrow CS, Guengerich FP. 1999. Symposium overview: characterization of xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme function using heterologous expression systems. Toxicol Sci 48:143-150.
    • (1999) Toxicol Sci , vol.48 , pp. 143-150
    • Townsend, A.J.1    Kiningham, K.K.2    St Clair, D.3    Tephly, T.R.4    Morrow, C.S.5    Guengerich, F.P.6
  • 51
    • 0017197097 scopus 로고
    • Cocarcinogenic and tumor-promoting agents in tobacco carcinogenesis
    • Van Duuren BL, Goldschmidt BM. 1976. Cocarcinogenic and tumor-promoting agents in tobacco carcinogenesis. J Natl Cancer Inst 56:1237-1242.
    • (1976) J Natl Cancer Inst , vol.56 , pp. 1237-1242
    • Van Duuren, B.L.1    Goldschmidt, B.M.2
  • 52
    • 0036904418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 1-S-phase transition by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells
    • 1-S-phase transition by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells. Toxicol Sci 70:193-201.
    • (2002) Toxicol Sci , vol.70 , pp. 193-201
    • Vondráček, J.1    Kozubík, A.2    Machala, M.3
  • 53
    • 0028788319 scopus 로고
    • Differences in the tumorigenic activity of a pure hydrocarbon and a complex mixture following ingestion: Benzo(alpha)pyrene vs manufactured gas plant residue
    • Weyand EH, Chen YC, Wu Y, Koganti A, Dunsford HA, Rodriguez LV. 1995. Differences in the tumorigenic activity of a pure hydrocarbon and a complex mixture following ingestion: benzo(alpha)pyrene vs manufactured gas plant residue. Chem Res Toxicol 8:949-954.
    • (1995) Chem Res Toxicol , vol.8 , pp. 949-954
    • Weyand, E.H.1    Chen, Y.C.2    Wu, Y.3    Koganti, A.4    Dunsford, H.A.5    Rodriguez, L.V.6
  • 54
    • 0037170690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The genotoxicity of priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in complex mixtures
    • White PA. 2002. The genotoxicity of priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in complex mixtures. Mutat Res 515:85-98.
    • (2002) Mutat Res , vol.515 , pp. 85-98
    • White, P.A.1
  • 56
    • 0036682090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relating repair susceptibility of carcinogen-damaged DNA with structural distortion and thermodynamic stability
    • Wu M, Yan S, Patel DJ, Geacintov NE, Broyde S. 2002. Relating repair susceptibility of carcinogen-damaged DNA with structural distortion and thermodynamic stability. Nucl Acids Res 30:3422-3432.
    • (2002) Nucl Acids Res , vol.30 , pp. 3422-3432
    • Wu, M.1    Yan, S.2    Patel, D.J.3    Geacintov, N.E.4    Broyde, S.5
  • 57
    • 0037674662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Illusions of safety: Antimutagens can be mutagens, and anti-carcinogens can be carcinogens
    • Zeiger E. 2003. Illusions of safety: antimutagens can be mutagens, and anti-carcinogens can be carcinogens. Mutat Res 543:191-194.
    • (2003) Mutat Res , vol.543 , pp. 191-194
    • Zeiger, E.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.