메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 29, Issue 4, 2004, Pages 711-769

A forked river runs through law school: Toward understanding race, gender, age, and related gaps in law school performance and bar passage

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 14544282013     PISSN: 08976546     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1086/430158     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (44)

References (119)
  • 2
    • 0003294706 scopus 로고
    • Gender bias in the classroom
    • Banks, Taunya Lovell. 1988. Gender Bias in the Classroom. Journal of Legal Education 38(1-2): 137-46.
    • (1988) Journal of Legal Education , vol.38 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 137-146
    • Banks, T.L.1
  • 4
    • 0028373012 scopus 로고
    • Gender rivalry and attitudes toward sex roles: Changes over a fifteen-year period
    • Beh, Helen C. 1994. Gender Rivalry and Attitudes Toward Sex Roles: Changes Over a Fifteen-Year Period. Psychological Reports 74 (1): 188-90.
    • (1994) Psychological Reports , vol.74 , Issue.1 , pp. 188-190
    • Beh, H.C.1
  • 6
    • 0001491942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Asian American attitudes toward affirmative action in employment: Implications for the model minority myth
    • Bell, Myrtle P., David A. Harrison, and Mary E. McLaughlin. 1997. Asian American Attitudes toward Affirmative Action in Employment: Implications for the Model Minority Myth." Journal of Applied Behavioral Science 33 (3): 356-77.
    • (1997) Journal of Applied Behavioral Science , vol.33 , Issue.3 , pp. 356-377
    • Bell, M.P.1    Harrison, D.A.2    McLaughlin, M.E.3
  • 8
    • 14544304427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blacks and the bar examination
    • Bentley, Bedford T. 1998. Blacks and the Bar Examination. Bar Examiner 67 (4): 7-8.
    • (1998) Bar Examiner , vol.67 , Issue.4 , pp. 7-8
    • Bentley, B.T.1
  • 9
    • 0021044014 scopus 로고
    • An introduction to sample selection bias in sociological data
    • Berk, Richard A. 1983. An Introduction to Sample Selection Bias in Sociological Data. American Sociological Review 48: 386-98.
    • (1983) American Sociological Review , vol.48 , pp. 386-398
    • Berk, R.A.1
  • 10
    • 0040956032 scopus 로고
    • A flawed system of law practice and training
    • Bok, Derek C. 1983. A Flawed System of Law Practice and Training. Journal of Legal Education 33: 570-85.
    • (1983) Journal of Legal Education , vol.33 , pp. 570-585
    • Bok, D.C.1
  • 12
    • 84936628744 scopus 로고
    • trans. Peter Collier. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press
    • _. 1988. Homo Academicus, trans. Peter Collier. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press.
    • (1988) Homo Academicus
  • 14
    • 2442620214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Women at the university of Texas school of law: A call for action
    • Bowers, Allison L. 2000. Women at the University of Texas School of Law: A Call for Action. Texas Journal of Women and the Law 9: 117-65.
    • (2000) Texas Journal of Women and the Law , vol.9 , pp. 117-165
    • Bowers, A.L.1
  • 16
    • 0041089588 scopus 로고
    • Educational debts and the worsening position of small-firm, government, and legal-services lawyers
    • Chambers, David L. 1990. Educational Debts and the Worsening Position of Small-Firm, Government, and Legal-Services Lawyers. Journal of Legal Education 39: 709-24.
    • (1990) Journal of Legal Education , vol.39 , pp. 709-724
    • Chambers, D.L.1
  • 17
    • 14544299121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identity dissonance: Gender, identity and professional socialization at law school
    • Washington, D.C.: American Sociological Association
    • Costello, Carrie Yang. 1998. Identity Dissonance: Gender, Identity and Professional Socialization at Law School. Proceedings of the American Sociological Association Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: American Sociological Association.
    • (1998) Proceedings of the American Sociological Association Annual Meeting
    • Costello, C.Y.1
  • 18
    • 0000786162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social stigma
    • ed. D. T. Gilbert, S. T. Fiske, and G. Lindzey, 4th ed., Boston: McGraw-Hill
    • Crocker, J., B. Major, and C. Steele. 1998. Social Stigma. In Handbook of Social Psychology, ed. D. T. Gilbert, S. T. Fiske, and G. Lindzey, 4th ed., vol. 2, 504-53. Boston: McGraw-Hill.
    • (1998) Handbook of Social Psychology , vol.2 , pp. 504-553
    • Crocker, J.1    Major, B.2    Steele, C.3
  • 19
    • 0005118295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why the end of affirmative action would exclude all but a very few blacks from America's leading universities and graduate schools
    • Autumn
    • Cross, Theodore, and Robert Bruce Slater. 1997. Why the End of Affirmative Action Would Exclude All But a Very Few Blacks From America's Leading Universities and Graduate Schools. Journal of Blacks in Higher Education, Autumn, 8-17.
    • (1997) Journal of Blacks in Higher Education , pp. 8-17
    • Cross, T.1    Slater, R.B.2
  • 20
    • 8744297650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A better bar: Why and how the existing bar exam should change
    • Curcio, Andrea A. 2002. A Better Bar: Why and How the Existing Bar Exam Should Change. Nebraska Law Review 81: 363-423.
    • (2002) Nebraska Law Review , vol.81 , pp. 363-423
    • Curcio, A.A.1
  • 21
    • 0000208768 scopus 로고
    • Cultural capital and school success: The impact of status culture participation on the grades of U.S. high school students
    • DiMaggio, Paul. 1982. Cultural Capital and School Success: The Impact of Status Culture Participation on the Grades of U.S. High School Students. American Sociological Review 47: 189-201.
    • (1982) American Sociological Review , vol.47 , pp. 189-201
    • DiMaggio, P.1
  • 22
    • 8744317357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diversity matters: Race, gender, and ethnicity in legal education
    • Dowd, Nancy E. 2003. Diversity Matters: Race, Gender, and Ethnicity in Legal Education. Florida Journal of Law and Public Policy 15: 11-56.
    • (2003) Florida Journal of Law and Public Policy , vol.15 , pp. 11-56
    • Dowd, N.E.1
  • 24
    • 84925915277 scopus 로고
    • Socialization effects of professional school: The law school experience and student orientations to public interest Careers
    • Erlanger, H., and D. Klegnon. 1978. Socialization Effects of Professional School: The Law School Experience and Student Orientations to Public Interest Careers. Law and Society Review 13 11-35.
    • (1978) Law and Society Review , vol.13 , pp. 11-35
    • Erlanger, H.1    Klegnon, D.2
  • 25
    • 0039564219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Law student idealism and job choice: Some new data on an old question
    • Erlanger, Howard S., Charles R. Epp, Mia Cahill, and Kathleen M. Haines. 1996. Law Student Idealism and Job Choice: Some New Data on an Old Question. Law and Society Review 30 851-64.
    • (1996) Law and Society Review , vol.30 , pp. 851-864
    • Erlanger, H.S.1    Epp, C.R.2    Cahill, M.3    Haines, K.M.4
  • 26
    • 0009346272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between racial identity attitudes, worldview, and African American graduate students' experience of the imposter phenomenon
    • Ewing, Kimberly M., Tina Q. Richardson, Linda James-Myers, and Richard K. Russell. 1996. The Relationship Between Racial Identity Attitudes, Worldview, and African American Graduate Students' Experience of the Imposter Phenomenon. Journal of Black Psychology 22:53-66.
    • (1996) Journal of Black Psychology , vol.22 , pp. 53-66
    • Ewing, K.M.1    Richardson, T.Q.2    James-Myers, L.3    Russell, R.K.4
  • 27
    • 84994973852 scopus 로고
    • The cooling out of law students
    • Foster, James C. 1981. The Cooling Out of Law Students. Law and Policy Quarterly 3: 243-56.
    • (1981) Law and Policy Quarterly , vol.3 , pp. 243-256
    • Foster, J.C.1
  • 28
    • 0347502601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Just trying to be human in this place: The legal education of twenty women
    • Gaber, Paula. 1998. Just Trying To Be Human in This Place: The Legal Education of Twenty Women. Yale Journal of Law and Feminism 10: 165-275.
    • (1998) Yale Journal of Law and Feminism , vol.10 , pp. 165-275
    • Gaber, P.1
  • 29
    • 84937259753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethnicity and school performance: Complicating the immigrant/involuntary minority typology
    • Gibson, Margaret. 1997. Ethnicity and School Performance: Complicating the Immigrant/Involuntary Minority Typology. Special Issue: Anthropology and Education Quarterly 28(3).
    • (1997) Special Issue: Anthropology and Education Quarterly , vol.28 , Issue.3
    • Gibson, M.1
  • 30
    • 0036811347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • When and where we enter: Rethinking admission to the legal profession
    • Glen, Kristin Booth. 2002. When and Where We Enter: Rethinking Admission to the Legal Profession. Columbia Law Review 102: 1696-740.
    • (2002) Columbia Law Review , vol.102 , pp. 1696-1740
    • Glen, K.B.1
  • 32
    • 23044532395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of stereotype threat and double-minority status on the test performance of latino women
    • Gonzales, Patricia M., Hart Blanton, and Kevin J. Williams. 2002. The Effects of Stereotype Threat and Double-Minority Status on the Test Performance of Latino Women. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 28: 659-70.
    • (2002) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.28 , pp. 659-670
    • Gonzales, P.M.1    Blanton, H.2    Williams, K.J.3
  • 33
    • 1342341313 scopus 로고
    • Legal education as corporate ideology: Student adjustment to the law school experience
    • Granfield, Robert. 1986. Legal Education as Corporate Ideology: Student Adjustment to the Law School Experience. Sociological Forum 1: 514-23.
    • (1986) Sociological Forum , vol.1 , pp. 514-523
    • Granfield, R.1
  • 35
    • 84994930401 scopus 로고
    • Contextualizing the different voice: Women, occupational goals, and legal education
    • _. 1994. Contextualizing the Different Voice: Women, Occupational Goals, and Legal Education. Law and Policy 16: 1-26.
    • (1994) Law and Policy , vol.16 , pp. 1-26
  • 36
    • 84973751577 scopus 로고
    • From activism to pro bono: The redirection of working class Altruism at Harvard law school
    • Granfield, Robert, and Thomas Koenig. 1990. From Activism to Pro Bono: The Redirection of Working Class Altruism at Harvard Law School. Critical Sociology 17: 57-80.
    • (1990) Critical Sociology , vol.17 , pp. 57-80
    • Granfield, R.1    Koenig, T.2
  • 37
    • 84933486902 scopus 로고
    • Pathways into Elite law firms: Professional stratification and social networks
    • _. 1992. Pathways into Elite Law Firms: Professional Stratification and Social Networks. Research in Politics and Society 4: 325-51.
    • (1992) Research in Politics and Society , vol.4 , pp. 325-351
  • 39
    • 49749125744 scopus 로고
    • Becoming gentlemen: Women's experiences at one Ivy league law school
    • Guinier, Lani, Michelle Fine, and Jane Balin. 1994. Becoming Gentlemen: Women's Experiences at One Ivy League Law School. University of Pennsylvania Law Review 143: 1-110.
    • (1994) University of Pennsylvania Law Review , vol.143 , pp. 1-110
    • Guinier, L.1    Fine, M.2    Balin, J.3
  • 40
    • 0035562030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The happy charade: An empirical examination of the third year of law school
    • Gulati, Mitu, Richard Sander, and Robert Sockloskie. 2001. The Happy Charade: An Empirical Examination of the Third Year of Law School. Journal of Legal Education 51: 235-66.
    • (2001) Journal of Legal Education , vol.51 , pp. 235-266
    • Gulati, M.1    Sander, R.2    Sockloskie, R.3
  • 41
    • 84860097168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An analysis of the supreme court's reliance on racial "Stigma" as a constitutional concept in affirmative action cases
    • Halaby, Andrew F., and Stephen R. McAllister. 1997. An Analysis of the Supreme Court's Reliance on Racial "Stigma" as a Constitutional Concept in Affirmative Action Cases. Michigan Journal of Race and Law 2: 235-82.
    • (1997) Michigan Journal of Race and Law , vol.2 , pp. 235-282
    • Halaby, A.F.1    McAllister, S.R.2
  • 43
    • 0000125534 scopus 로고
    • Sample selection bias as a specification error
    • Heckman, James. 1979. Sample Selection Bias as a Specification Error. Econometrica 45: 153-61.
    • (1979) Econometrica , vol.45 , pp. 153-161
    • Heckman, J.1
  • 45
    • 8744266630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guests in another's house: An analysis of racially disparate bar performance
    • Hunt, Cecil J. II. 1996. Guests in Another's House: An Analysis of Racially Disparate Bar Performance. Florida State University Law Review 23: 721-93.
    • (1996) Florida State University Law Review , vol.23 , pp. 721-793
    • Hunt II, C.J.1
  • 46
    • 13444259031 scopus 로고
    • Finding agreement among women on gender issues
    • Jensen, Larry, and Robert Christiansen. 1994. Finding Agreement among Women on Gender Issues. Psychological Reports 75(1, pt. 1): 35-44.
    • (1994) Psychological Reports , vol.75 , Issue.1 PART 1 , pp. 35-44
    • Jensen, L.1    Christiansen, R.2
  • 51
    • 0345776962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comment: Does the LSAT mirror or magnify racial and ethnic differences in educational attainment? a study of equally achieving "Elite" college students
    • Kidder, William C. 2001. Comment: Does the LSAT Mirror or Magnify Racial and Ethnic Differences in Educational Attainment? A Study of Equally Achieving "Elite" College Students. California Law Review 89: 1055-124.
    • (2001) California Law Review , vol.89 , pp. 1055-1124
    • Kidder, W.C.1
  • 52
    • 11244255690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The struggle for access from sweatt to grutter: A history of African American, Latino, and American Indian Law school admissions, 1950-2000
    • _. 2003. The Struggle for Access from Sweatt to Grutter: A History of African American, Latino, and American Indian Law School Admissions, 1950-2000. Harvard Blackletter Law Journal 19: 1-42.
    • (2003) Harvard Blackletter Law Journal , vol.19 , pp. 1-42
  • 54
    • 8744221868 scopus 로고
    • Bar Examinations: Ignoring the thermometer does not change the temperature
    • October
    • Klein, Stephen P. 1989. Bar Examinations: Ignoring the Thermometer Does Not Change the Temperature. New York State Bar Journal, October, 28-33.
    • (1989) New York State Bar Journal , pp. 28-33
    • Klein, S.P.1
  • 55
    • 8744317331 scopus 로고
    • Disparities in bar exam passing rates among racial/ethnic groups: Their size, source, and implications
    • _. 1991. Disparities in Bar Exam Passing Rates among Racial/Ethnic Groups: Their Size, Source, and Implications. Thurgood Marshall Law Review 16: 517-29.
    • (1991) Thurgood Marshall Law Review , vol.16 , pp. 517-529
  • 56
    • 8744274593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The size and source of differences in bar exam passing rates among racial and ethnic groups
    • Klein, Stephen P., and Roger Bolus. 1997. The Size and Source of Differences in Bar Exam Passing Rates among Racial and Ethnic Groups. Bar Examiner 66 (4): 8-16.
    • (1997) Bar Examiner , vol.66 , Issue.4 , pp. 8-16
    • Klein, S.P.A.1    Bolus, R.2
  • 58
    • 21844490061 scopus 로고
    • Touching the elephant: Perceptions of gender Issues in nine law schools
    • Krauskopf, Joan M. 1994. Touching the Elephant: Perceptions of Gender Issues in Nine Law Schools. Journal of Legal Education 44: 311-40.
    • (1994) Journal of Legal Education , vol.44 , pp. 311-340
    • Krauskopf, J.M.1
  • 59
    • 0039310282 scopus 로고
    • Three years of adjustment: Where your ideals go
    • Kubey, Craig. 1976. Three Years of Adjustment: Where Your Ideals Go. Juris Doctor 6 (11): 34-39.
    • (1976) Juris Doctor , vol.6 , Issue.11 , pp. 34-39
    • Kubey, C.1
  • 60
    • 0039490774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • White privilege and affirmative action
    • Law, Sylvia A. 1999. White Privilege and Affirmative Action. Akron Law Review 32: 603-27.
    • (1999) Akron Law Review , vol.32 , pp. 603-627
    • Law, S.A.1
  • 61
    • 84979317947 scopus 로고
    • Behind the model-minority stereotype: Voices of high- And low-achieving Asian American students
    • Lee, Stacey. 1994. Behind the Model-Minority Stereotype: Voices of High- and Low-Achieving Asian American Students. Anthropology and Education Quarterly 25: 413-29.
    • (1994) Anthropology and Education Quarterly , vol.25 , pp. 413-429
    • Lee, S.1
  • 64
    • 0034376508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Michigan's minority graduates in practice: The river runs through law school
    • Lempert, Richard O., David L. Chambers, and Terry K. Adams. 2000. Michigan's Minority Graduates in Practice: The River Runs Through Law School. Law & Social Inquiry. 25: 395-505.
    • (2000) Law & Social Inquiry , vol.25 , pp. 395-505
    • Lempert, R.O.1    Chambers, D.L.2    Adams, T.K.3
  • 67
    • 14544275803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Colorblindness as a barrier to inclusion: Assimilation and nonimmigrant minorities
    • Markus, Hazel Rose, Claude M. Steele, and Dorothy M. Steele. 2000. Colorblindness as a Barrier to Inclusion: Assimilation and Nonimmigrant Minorities. Daedelus (Fall): 233-59.
    • (2000) Daedelus , Issue.FALL , pp. 233-259
    • Markus, H.R.1    Steele, C.M.2    Steele, D.M.3
  • 68
    • 0035601102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Raising the bar: A social science critique of recent increases to passing scores on the bar exam
    • Merritt, Deborah J., Lowell L. Hargens, and Barbara F. Reskin. 2001. Raising the Bar: A Social Science Critique of Recent Increases to Passing Scores on the Bar Exam. University of Cincinnati Law Review 69: 929-68.
    • (2001) University of Cincinnati Law Review , vol.69 , pp. 929-968
    • Merritt, D.J.1    Hargens, L.L.2    Reskin, B.F.3
  • 69
    • 0346042454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex, race, and credentials: The truth about affirmative action in law faculty hiring
    • Merritt, Deborah J., and Barbara F. Reskin. 1997. Sex, Race, and Credentials: The Truth about Affirmative Action in Law Faculty Hiring. Columbia Law Review 97: 199-300.
    • (1997) Columbia Law Review , vol.97 , pp. 199-300
    • Merritt, D.J.A.1    Reskin, B.F.2
  • 70
    • 22044444250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What difference does difference make? the challenge for legal education
    • Mertz, Elizabeth, Wamucii Njogu, and Susan Gooding. 1998. What Difference Does Difference Make? The Challenge for Legal Education. Journal of Legal Education 48 (1): 1-87.
    • (1998) Journal of Legal Education , vol.48 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-87
    • Mertz, E.1    Njogu, W.2    Gooding, S.3
  • 73
    • 84926273575 scopus 로고
    • Minority status and schooling in plural societies
    • Ogbu, John U. 1983. Minority Status and Schooling in Plural Societies. Comparative Education Review 27 (2): 168-90.
    • (1983) Comparative Education Review , vol.27 , Issue.2 , pp. 168-190
    • Ogbu, J.U.1
  • 74
    • 84936401172 scopus 로고
    • Variability in minority school performance: A problem in search of an explanation
    • _. 1987. Variability in Minority School Performance: A Problem in Search of an Explanation. Anthropology and Education Quarterly 18: 312-34.
    • (1987) Anthropology and Education Quarterly , vol.18 , pp. 312-334
  • 75
    • 0032385065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Voluntary and involuntary minorities: A cultural-ecological theory of school performance with some implications for education
    • Ogbu, John U., and Herbert D. Simons. 1998. Voluntary and Involuntary Minorities: A Cultural-Ecological Theory of School Performance with Some Implications for Education. Anthropology and Education Quarterly 29 (2): 155-88.
    • (1998) Anthropology and Education Quarterly , vol.29 , Issue.2 , pp. 155-188
    • Ogbu, J.U.A.1    Simons, H.D.2
  • 76
    • 0037488116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diversity and legal education: Student experiences in leading law schools
    • Gary Orfield with Michal Kurlaender. Cambridge, Mass.: Civil Rights Project, Harvard University, Harvard Education Publishing Group
    • Orfield, Gary, and Dean Whitla. 2001. Diversity and Legal Education: Student Experiences in Leading Law Schools. In Diversity Challenged: Evidence on the Impact of Affirmative Action, ed. Gary Orfield with Michal Kurlaender. Cambridge, Mass.: Civil Rights Project, Harvard University, Harvard Education Publishing Group.
    • (2001) Diversity Challenged: Evidence on the Impact of Affirmative Action
    • Orfield, G.1    Whitla, D.2
  • 79
    • 0039902574 scopus 로고
    • Law school and the erosion of student idealism
    • Raack, David W. 1991. Law School and the Erosion of Student Idealism. Journal of Legal Education 41: 121-43.
    • (1991) Journal of Legal Education , vol.41 , pp. 121-143
    • Raack, D.W.1
  • 80
    • 14544305416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comments on the LSAC bar passage study
    • Ridley, Ellen S. 1998. Comments on the LSAC Bar Passage Study. Bar Examiner 67 (4): 11-12.
    • (1998) Bar Examiner , vol.67 , Issue.4 , pp. 11-12
    • Ridley, E.S.1
  • 81
    • 0002235377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do patients choose physicians of their own race? to provide the kind of care consumers want, medical schools might be able to justify using race as an admissions criterion
    • Saha, Somnath, Sara H. Taggart, Miriam Komaromy, and Andrew B. Bindman. 2000. Do Patients Choose Physicians of Their Own Race? To Provide the Kind of Care Consumers Want, Medical Schools Might Be Able to Justify Using Race as an Admissions Criterion. Health Affairs 19 (4): 76-84.
    • (2000) Health Affairs , vol.19 , Issue.4 , pp. 76-84
    • Saha, S.1    Taggart, S.H.2    Komaromy, M.3    Bindman, A.B.4
  • 83
    • 0031287708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of two cohorts of college students in responses to the male-female relations questionnaire
    • Sherman, Paul J., and Janet T. Spence. 1997. A Comparison of Two Cohorts of College Students in Responses to the Male-Female Relations Questionnaire. Psychology of Women Quarterly 21(2): 265-78.
    • (1997) Psychology of Women Quarterly , vol.21 , Issue.2 , pp. 265-278
    • Sherman, P.J.1    Spence, J.T.2
  • 84
    • 85047672856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stereotype performance boosts: The impact of self-relevance and the manner of stereotype activation
    • Shih, Margaret, Nalini Ambady, Jennifer A. Richeson, Kentara Fujita, and Heather M. Gray. 2002. Stereotype Performance Boosts: The Impact of Self-Relevance and the Manner of Stereotype Activation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 83 (3): 638-47.
    • (2002) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.83 , Issue.3 , pp. 638-647
    • Shih, M.1    Ambady, N.2    Richeson, J.A.3    Fujita, K.4    Gray, H.M.5
  • 85
    • 14544270197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Keeping race in place: Racial microaggressions and campus racial climate at the university of California - Berkeley
    • Soloranzo, David, Walter R. Allen, and Grace Carroll. 2002. Keeping Race in Place: Racial Microaggressions and Campus Racial Climate at the University of California - Berkeley. Chicago-Latino Law Review 23: 15-111.
    • (2002) Chicago-latino Law Review , vol.23 , pp. 15-111
    • Soloranzo, D.1    Allen, W.R.2    Carroll, G.3
  • 87
    • 0038223465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • College Station, Texas: Stata Corporation
    • StataCorp. 2001. Stata Statistical Software: Release 7.0. College Station, Texas: Stata Corporation.
    • (2001) Stata Statistical Software: Release 7.0
  • 88
    • 0031155092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A threat in the air: How stereotypes shape intellectual identity and performance
    • Steele, Claude M. 1997. A Threat in the Air: How Stereotypes Shape Intellectual Identity and Performance. American Psychologist 52(June): 613-29.
    • (1997) American Psychologist , vol.52 , Issue.JUNE , pp. 613-629
    • Steele, C.M.1
  • 90
    • 4043068087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expert report: The compelling need for diversity in higher education
    • _. 1999. Expert Report: The Compelling Need for Diversity in Higher Education. Michigan Journal of Race and Law 5: 241-59.
    • (1999) Michigan Journal of Race and Law , vol.5 , pp. 241-259
  • 91
    • 0029411777 scopus 로고
    • Stereotype vulnerability and the intellectual test performance of African Americans
    • Steele, Claude M., and Joshua Aronson. 1995. Stereotype Vulnerability and the Intellectual Test Performance of African Americans. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 69: 797-811.
    • (1995) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.69 , pp. 797-811
    • Steele, C.M.1    Aronson, J.2
  • 92
    • 0000437842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tools for intuition about sample selection bias and its correction
    • Stolzenberg, Ross M., and Daniel A. Relies. 1997. Tools for Intuition About Sample Selection Bias and its Correction. American Sociological Review 62: 494-507.
    • (1997) American Sociological Review , vol.62 , pp. 494-507
    • Stolzenberg, R.M.1    Relies, D.A.2
  • 94
    • 0042221211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The future of affirmative action: Reclaiming the innovative ideal
    • Sturm, Susan, and Lani Guinier. 1996. The Future of Affirmative Action: Reclaiming the Innovative Ideal. California Law Review 84: 953-1036.
    • (1996) California Law Review , vol.84 , pp. 953-1036
    • Sturm, S.1    Guinier, L.2
  • 95
    • 84984853254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interpreting cultural variations in cognitive profiles
    • Karen S. Kurasaki and Sumie Okazaki, New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum
    • Suzuki, Lisa A, Tamiko Mogami, and Ellen S. Kim. 2002. Interpreting Cultural Variations in Cognitive Profiles. In Asian American Mental Health: Assessment Theories and Methods, ed. Karen S. Kurasaki and Sumie Okazaki, 159-71. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum.
    • (2002) Asian American Mental Health: Assessment Theories and Methods , pp. 159-171
    • Suzuki, L.A.1    Mogami, T.2    Kim, E.S.3
  • 97
    • 84860095697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diversity and meritocracy in legal education: A critical evaluation of Linda F. Wightman's "the threat to diversity in legal education"
    • Thernstrom, Stephan. 1998. Diversity and Meritocracy in Legal Education: A Critical Evaluation of Linda F. Wightman's "The Threat to Diversity in Legal Education." Constitutional Commentary 15(Spring): 11-43.
    • (1998) Constitutional Commentary , vol.15 , Issue.SPRING , pp. 11-43
    • Thernstrom, S.1
  • 99
    • 0031287406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attitudes toward women, 1970-1995
    • Twenge, Jean M. 1997. Attitudes Toward Women, 1970-1995. Psychology of Women Quarterly 21(1): 35-51.
    • (1997) Psychology of Women Quarterly , vol.21 , Issue.1 , pp. 35-51
    • Twenge, J.M.1
  • 101
    • 14544300404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • LSAC's national study findings on bar passage rates: Do they augur the end of old debates and controversies about discrepancies in bar passage rates among ethnic groups?
    • Vaughns, Katherine L. 1998. LSAC's National Study Findings on Bar Passage Rates: Do They Augur the End of Old Debates and Controversies about Discrepancies in Bar Passage Rates Among Ethnic Groups? Bar Examiner 67 (4): 19-21.
    • (1998) Bar Examiner , vol.67 , Issue.4 , pp. 19-21
    • Vaughns, K.L.1
  • 102
    • 0037955572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Educational benefits of diversity in medical school: A survey of students
    • Whitla, Dean, Gary Orfield, William Silen, Carole Teperow, Carolyn Howard, Joan Reede. 2003. Educational Benefits of Diversity in Medical School: A Survey of Students. Academic Medicine 78 (5): 460-66.
    • (2003) Academic Medicine , vol.78 , Issue.5 , pp. 460-466
    • Whitla, D.1    Orfield, G.2    Silen, W.3    Teperow, C.4    Howard, C.5    Reede, J.6
  • 105
    • 0345084561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The threat to diversity in legal education: An empirical analysis of the consequences of abandoning race as a factor in law school admission decisions
    • _. 1997. The Threat to Diversity in Legal Education: An Empirical Analysis of the Consequences of Abandoning Race as a Factor in Law School Admission Decisions. New York University Law Review 72 (1): 1-53.
    • (1997) New York University Law Review , vol.72 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-53
  • 106
    • 14544303974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are other things essentially equal: An empirical investigation of the consequences of including race as a factor in law school admission
    • _. 1998a. Are Other Things Essentially Equal: An Empirical Investigation of the Consequences of Including Race as a Factor in Law School Admission. Southwestern University Law Review 28 (1): 1-43.
    • (1998) Southwestern University Law Review , vol.28 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-43
  • 108
    • 14544272234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Through a difference lens: A reply to stephan thernstrom
    • _ 1998c. Through a Difference Lens: A Reply to Stephan Thernstrom. Constitutional Commentary 15 (Spring): 45-56.
    • (1998) Constitutional Commentary , vol.15 , Issue.SPRING , pp. 45-56
  • 110
    • 0242424409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The consequences of race-blindness: Revisiting prediction models with current law school data
    • _. 2003. The Consequences of Race-Blindness: Revisiting Prediction Models with Current Law School Data. Journal of Legal Education 53: 229-53.
    • (2003) Journal of Legal Education , vol.53 , pp. 229-253
  • 113
    • 84937322781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rollin' on the river: Race, elite schools, and the equality paradox
    • Wilkins, David B. 2000. Rollin' on the River: Race, Elite Schools, and the Equality Paradox. Law & Social Inquiry 25: 527-56
    • (2000) Law & Social Inquiry , vol.25 , pp. 527-556
    • Wilkins, D.B.1
  • 114
    • 0040676090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why are there so few black lawyers in corporate law firms? an institutional analysis
    • Wilkins, David B., and G. Mitu Gulati. 1996. Why Are There So Few Black Lawyers in Corporate Law Firms? An Institutional Analysis. California Law Review 84:493-618.
    • (1996) California Law Review , vol.84 , pp. 493-618
    • Wilkins, D.B.1    Gulati, G.M.2
  • 116
    • 0039572353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Asian Americans as a model minority: Self-perceptions And perceptions by other racial groups
    • Wong, Paul, Chieping Faith Lai, Richard Nagasawa, and Tieming Lin. 1998. Asian Americans as a Model Minority: Self-Perceptions and Perceptions by Other Racial Groups. Sociological Perspectives 41 (1): 95-118.
    • (1998) Sociological Perspectives , vol.41 , Issue.1 , pp. 95-118
    • Wong, P.1    Lai, C.F.2    Nagasawa, R.3    Lin, T.4
  • 117
    • 14544289936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • One minority's reaction
    • Yu, Frederick Y. 1998. One Minority's Reaction. Bar Examiner 67 (4): 22-23.
    • (1998) Bar Examiner , vol.67 , Issue.4 , pp. 22-23
    • Yu, F.Y.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.