메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 35, Issue 1, 2005, Pages 48-59

Phylogenetic relationships in Ephedra (Ephedraceae) inferred from chloroplast and nuclear DNA sequences

Author keywords

Classification system; Ephedra; ITS 1; matK; Phylogeny; rbcL

Indexed keywords

EPHEDRA; EPHEDRACEAE;

EID: 14144249634     PISSN: 10557903     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2004.12.020     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (69)

References (78)
  • 1
    • 0000290534 scopus 로고
    • Study on the evolution of the angiosperms: The relationships of the angiosperms to the Gnetales
    • E.A.N. Arber, and J. Parkin Study on the evolution of the angiosperms: the relationships of the angiosperms to the Gnetales Ann. Bot. 22 1908 489 515
    • (1908) Ann. Bot. , vol.22 , pp. 489-515
    • Arber, E.A.N.1    Parkin, J.2
  • 2
    • 0007051586 scopus 로고
    • Entomophily in the dioecious gymnosperm Ephedra aphylla Forsk. (=E. alte C.A. Mey.), with some notes on E. campylopoda C.A. Mey. I. Aspect of the entomophilous syndrome
    • R.J. Bino, A. Dafni, and A.D.J. Meeuse Entomophily in the dioecious gymnosperm Ephedra aphylla Forsk. (=E. alte C.A. Mey.), with some notes on E. campylopoda C.A. Mey. I. Aspect of the entomophilous syndrome Proc. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wet. Ser. C 87 1984 1 13
    • (1984) Proc. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wet. Ser. C , vol.87 , pp. 1-13
    • Bino, R.J.1    Dafni, A.2    Meeuse, A.D.J.3
  • 4
    • 0034636023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogeny of seed plants based on all three genomic compartments: Extant gymnosperms are monophyletic and Gnetales' closest relatives are conifers
    • L.M. Bowe, G. Coat, and C.W. dePamphilis Phylogeny of seed plants based on all three genomic compartments: extant gymnosperms are monophyletic and Gnetales' closest relatives are conifers Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97 2000 4092 4097
    • (2000) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.97 , pp. 4092-4097
    • Bowe, L.M.1    Coat, G.2    Depamphilis, C.W.3
  • 5
    • 10644238478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetic signal in nucleotide data from seed plants: Implications for resolving the seed plant tree of life
    • J.G. Burleigh, and S. Matthews Phylogenetic signal in nucleotide data from seed plants: implications for resolving the seed plant tree of life Am. J. Bot. 91 2004 1599 1613
    • (2004) Am. J. Bot. , vol.91 , pp. 1599-1613
    • Burleigh, J.G.1    Matthews, S.2
  • 6
    • 0001429385 scopus 로고
    • Wood and bark anatomy of the New World species of Ephedra
    • S. Carlquist Wood and bark anatomy of the New World species of Ephedra Aliso 12 1989 441 483
    • (1989) Aliso , vol.12 , pp. 441-483
    • Carlquist, S.1
  • 7
    • 0001572511 scopus 로고
    • Wood, bark, and pith anatomy of Old World species of Ephedra and summary for the genus
    • S. Carlquist Wood, bark, and pith anatomy of Old World species of Ephedra and summary for the genus Aliso 13 1992 255 295
    • (1992) Aliso , vol.13 , pp. 255-295
    • Carlquist, S.1
  • 8
    • 0030436626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wood, bark, and stem anatomy of Gnetales: A summary
    • S. Carlquist Wood, bark, and stem anatomy of Gnetales: a summary Int. J. Plant Sci. 157 Suppl. 1996 S58 S76
    • (1996) Int. J. Plant Sci. , vol.157 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Carlquist, S.1
  • 10
    • 0031012107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular phylogeny of extant gymnosperms and seed plant evolution: Analysis of nuclear 18S rRNA sequences
    • S.M. Chaw, A. Zharkikh, H.M. Sung, T.C. Lau, and W.H. Li Molecular phylogeny of extant gymnosperms and seed plant evolution: analysis of nuclear 18S rRNA sequences Mol. Biol. Evol. 14 1997 56 68
    • (1997) Mol. Biol. Evol. , vol.14 , pp. 56-68
    • Chaw, S.M.1    Zharkikh, A.2    Sung, H.M.3    Lau, T.C.4    Li, W.H.5
  • 11
    • 0034636037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seed plant phylogeny inferred from all three plant genomes: Monophyly of extant gymnosperms and origin of Gnetales from conifers
    • S.M. Chaw, C.L. Parkinson, Y. Cheng, T.M. Vincent, and J.D. Palmer Seed plant phylogeny inferred from all three plant genomes: monophyly of extant gymnosperms and origin of Gnetales from conifers Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97 2000 4086 4091
    • (2000) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.97 , pp. 4086-4091
    • Chaw, S.M.1    Parkinson, C.L.2    Cheng, Y.3    Vincent, T.M.4    Palmer, J.D.5
  • 13
    • 8844235743 scopus 로고
    • Karyomorphological and cytogenetical studies in Ephedra
    • A.S. Chouhdry Karyomorphological and cytogenetical studies in Ephedra J. Sci. Hiroshima Univ. Ser. B div. 2 19 1984 57 109
    • (1984) J. Sci. Hiroshima Univ. Ser. B Div. 2 , vol.19 , pp. 57-109
    • Chouhdry, A.S.1
  • 14
    • 0000863074 scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetic analysis of seed plants and the origin of angiosperms
    • P.R. Crane Phylogenetic analysis of seed plants and the origin of angiosperms Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. 72 1985 716 793
    • (1985) Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. , vol.72 , pp. 716-793
    • Crane, P.R.1
  • 15
    • 0030301416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The fossil history of the Gnetales
    • P.R. Crane The fossil history of the Gnetales Int. J. Plant Sci. 157 Suppl. 1996 S50 S57
    • (1996) Int. J. Plant Sci. , vol.157 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Crane, P.R.1
  • 16
    • 0043117815 scopus 로고
    • Monograph of the North American species of the genus Ephedra
    • H.C. Cutler Monograph of the North American species of the genus Ephedra Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. 26 1939 373 428
    • (1939) Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. , vol.26 , pp. 373-428
    • Cutler, H.C.1
  • 17
    • 0034628615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seed plant phylogeny: Demise of the anthophyte hypothesis?
    • M.J. Donoghue, and J.A. Doyle Seed plant phylogeny: demise of the anthophyte hypothesis? Curr. Biol. 10 2000 R106 R109
    • (2000) Curr. Biol. , vol.10
    • Donoghue, M.J.1    Doyle, J.A.2
  • 18
    • 0030431040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seed plant phylogeny and the relationships of Gnetales
    • J.A. Doyle Seed plant phylogeny and the relationships of Gnetales Int. J. Plant Sci. 157 Suppl. 1996 S3 S39
    • (1996) Int. J. Plant Sci. , vol.157 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Doyle, J.A.1
  • 19
    • 0001234321 scopus 로고
    • Seed plant phylogeny and the origin of angiosperms: An experimental cladistic approach
    • J.A. Doyle, and M.J. Donoghue Seed plant phylogeny and the origin of angiosperms: an experimental cladistic approach Bot. Rev. 52 1986 321 431
    • (1986) Bot. Rev. , vol.52 , pp. 321-431
    • Doyle, J.A.1    Donoghue, M.J.2
  • 20
    • 0002594984 scopus 로고
    • A rapid DNA isolation procedure for small quantities of fresh leaf tissue
    • J.J. Doyle, and J.L. Doyle A rapid DNA isolation procedure for small quantities of fresh leaf tissue Phytochem. Bull. 19 1987 11 15
    • (1987) Phytochem. Bull. , vol.19 , pp. 11-15
    • Doyle, J.J.1    Doyle, J.L.2
  • 21
    • 0041614985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pollen wall of Ephedra foliata
    • G. El-Ghazaly, and J.R. Rowley Pollen wall of Ephedra foliata Palynology 21 1997 7 18
    • (1997) Palynology , vol.21 , pp. 7-18
    • El-Ghazaly, G.1    Rowley, J.R.2
  • 22
    • 14144253429 scopus 로고
    • Ephedra
    • second ed. T.G. Tutin N.A. Burges A.O. Chater J.R. Edmondson V.H. Heywood D.M. Moore D.H. Valentine S.M. Walters D.A. Webb Cambridge University Press London
    • H. Freitag, and M Maier-Stolte Ephedra second ed. T.G. Tutin N.A. Burges A.O. Chater J.R. Edmondson V.H. Heywood D.M. Moore D.H. Valentine S.M. Walters D.A. Webb Flora Europaea vol. 1 1993 Cambridge University Press London 49
    • (1993) Flora Europaea , vol.1 , pp. 49
    • Freitag, H.1    Maier-Stolte, M.2
  • 25
    • 0025529508 scopus 로고
    • Sexual reproduction in Ephedra nevadensis (Ephedraceae): Further evidence of double fertilization in a nonflowering seed plant
    • W.E. Friedman Sexual reproduction in Ephedra nevadensis (Ephedraceae): further evidence of double fertilization in a nonflowering seed plant Am. J. Bot. 77 1990 1582 1598
    • (1990) Am. J. Bot. , vol.77 , pp. 1582-1598
    • Friedman, W.E.1
  • 26
    • 0002293407 scopus 로고
    • Double fertilization in Ephedra trifurca, a non-flowering seed plant: The relationship between fertilization events and the cell cycle
    • W.E. Friedman Double fertilization in Ephedra trifurca, a non-flowering seed plant: the relationship between fertilization events and the cell cycle Protoplasma 165 1991 106 120
    • (1991) Protoplasma , vol.165 , pp. 106-120
    • Friedman, W.E.1
  • 27
    • 0031949240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evolution of double fertilization and endosperm: An "historical" perspective
    • W.F. Friedman The evolution of double fertilization and endosperm: an "historical" perspective Sex. Plant Reprod. 11 1998 6 16
    • (1998) Sex. Plant Reprod. , vol.11 , pp. 6-16
    • Friedman, W.F.1
  • 28
    • 0013001697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ephedraceae
    • Z-Y. Wu P.H. Raven Science Press Beijing
    • L. Fu, Y. Yu, and H. Riedl Ephedraceae Z-Y. Wu P.H. Raven Flora of China vol. 4 1999 Science Press Beijing 97 101
    • (1999) Flora of China , vol.4 , pp. 97-101
    • Fu, L.1    Yu, Y.2    Riedl, H.3
  • 29
    • 0030807655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BioNJ: An improved version of the NJ algorithm based on a simple model of sequence data
    • O. Gascuel BioNJ: an improved version of the NJ algorithm based on a simple model of sequence data Mol. Biol. Evol. 14 1997 685 695
    • (1997) Mol. Biol. Evol. , vol.14 , pp. 685-695
    • Gascuel, O.1
  • 30
    • 0030052344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noncoding sequences from the slowly evolving chloroplast inverted repeat in addition to rbcL data do not support gnetalean affinities of angiosperms
    • V. Goremykin, V. Bobrova, J. Pahnke, A. Troitsky, A. Antonov, and W. Martin Noncoding sequences from the slowly evolving chloroplast inverted repeat in addition to rbcL data do not support gnetalean affinities of angiosperms Mol. Biol. Evol. 13 1996 383 396
    • (1996) Mol. Biol. Evol. , vol.13 , pp. 383-396
    • Goremykin, V.1    Bobrova, V.2    Pahnke, J.3    Troitsky, A.4    Antonov, A.5    Martin, W.6
  • 32
    • 14144249840 scopus 로고
    • The botany of Ephedra in relation to the yield of physiologically active substances
    • G.W. Groff, and G.W. Clark The botany of Ephedra in relation to the yield of physiologically active substances Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 14 1928 247 282
    • (1928) Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. , vol.14 , pp. 247-282
    • Groff, G.W.1    Clark, G.W.2
  • 34
    • 0028031408 scopus 로고
    • Biosynthetic route to the Ephedra alkaloids
    • G. Grue-Sorensen, and I.D. Spenser Biosynthetic route to the Ephedra alkaloids J. Am. Chem. Soc. 116 1994 6195 6200
    • (1994) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.116 , pp. 6195-6200
    • Grue-Sorensen, G.1    Spenser, I.D.2
  • 40
    • 0037359952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimation of the age of extant Ephedra using chloroplast rbcL sequence data
    • J. Huang, and R.A. Price Estimation of the age of extant Ephedra using chloroplast rbcL sequence data Mol. Biol. Evol. 20 2003 435 440
    • (2003) Mol. Biol. Evol. , vol.20 , pp. 435-440
    • Huang, J.1    Price, R.A.2
  • 41
    • 0346820412 scopus 로고
    • The Argentine species of the genus Ephedra
    • J.H. Hunziker The Argentine species of the genus Ephedra Lilloa 17 1949 147 174
    • (1949) Lilloa , vol.17 , pp. 147-174
    • Hunziker, J.H.1
  • 42
    • 0012903505 scopus 로고
    • The karyotypes of Ephedra ochreata, E. rupestris and E. viridis
    • J.H. Hunziker The karyotypes of Ephedra ochreata, E. rupestris and E. viridis Darwiniana 33 1995 369 370
    • (1995) Darwiniana , vol.33 , pp. 369-370
    • Hunziker, J.H.1
  • 44
    • 0042616986 scopus 로고
    • LM and EM studies on pollen grains of recent Welwitschia mirabilis Hook. and Ephedra species
    • M. Kedves LM and EM studies on pollen grains of recent Welwitschia mirabilis Hook. and Ephedra species Acta Bot. Hung. 33 1987 81 103
    • (1987) Acta Bot. Hung. , vol.33 , pp. 81-103
    • Kedves, M.1
  • 45
    • 14144253254 scopus 로고
    • Investigation of maternal and embryo/fetal toxicity of Ephedra viridis and Ephedra nevadensis in sheep and cattle
    • R.F. Keeler Investigation of maternal and embryo/fetal toxicity of Ephedra viridis and Ephedra nevadensis in sheep and cattle J. Range Manage. 42 1989 31 35
    • (1989) J. Range Manage. , vol.42 , pp. 31-35
    • Keeler, R.F.1
  • 46
    • 14144255072 scopus 로고
    • Contributions to the morphology of Ephedra foliata Boiss. II. Fertilization and embryogeny
    • R. Khan Contributions to the morphology of Ephedra foliata Boiss. II. Fertilization and embryogeny Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. India 13 1943 357 375
    • (1943) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. India , vol.13 , pp. 357-375
    • Khan, R.1
  • 48
    • 1642318237 scopus 로고
    • Fertilization and embryogeny in Ephedra trifurca
    • W.J.G. Land Fertilization and embryogeny in Ephedra trifurca Bot. Gaz. 44 1907 273 292
    • (1907) Bot. Gaz. , vol.44 , pp. 273-292
    • Land, W.J.G.1
  • 49
    • 0030454390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Length variation in the nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer region of non-flowering seed plants
    • A. Liston, W.A. Robinson, J.H. Oliphant, and E.R. Alvarez-Buylla Length variation in the nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer region of non-flowering seed plants Syst. Bot. 21 1996 109 120
    • (1996) Syst. Bot. , vol.21 , pp. 109-120
    • Liston, A.1    Robinson, W.A.2    Oliphant, J.H.3    Alvarez-Buylla, E.R.4
  • 50
    • 0036950836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationships among seed plants inferred from highly conserved genes: Sorting conflicting phylogenetic signals among ancient lineages
    • S. Magallón, and M.J. Sanderson Relationships among seed plants inferred from highly conserved genes: sorting conflicting phylogenetic signals among ancient lineages Am. J. Bot. 89 2002 1991 2006
    • (2002) Am. J. Bot. , vol.89 , pp. 1991-2006
    • Magallón, S.1    Sanderson, M.J.2
  • 52
    • 0025660829 scopus 로고
    • Entomophily in the dioecious gymnosperm Ephedra aphylla Forsk. (=E. alte C.A. Mey.), with some notes on Ephedra compylopoda C.A. Mey. III. Further anthecological studies and relative importance of entomophily
    • A.D.J. Meeuse, A.H. De Meijer, O.W.P. Mohr, and S.M. Wellinga Entomophily in the dioecious gymnosperm Ephedra aphylla Forsk. (=E. alte C.A. Mey.), with some notes on Ephedra compylopoda C.A. Mey. III. Further anthecological studies and relative importance of entomophily Israel J. Bot. 39 1990 113 123
    • (1990) Israel J. Bot. , vol.39 , pp. 113-123
    • Meeuse, A.D.J.1    De Meijer, A.H.2    Mohr, O.W.P.3    Wellinga, S.M.4
  • 53
    • 14144254844 scopus 로고
    • A study of the karyotypes and the occurrence of diploid male gametophytes in some species of the genus Ephedra
    • P.N. Mehra A study of the karyotypes and the occurrence of diploid male gametophytes in some species of the genus Ephedra Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. India Sect. B 16 1946 259 291
    • (1946) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. India Sect. B , vol.16 , pp. 259-291
    • Mehra, P.N.1
  • 54
    • 0012991961 scopus 로고
    • Versuch einer Monographie der Gattung Ephedra, durch abbildungen erlautert
    • C.A. Meyer Versuch einer Monographie der Gattung Ephedra, durch abbildungen erlautert Mem. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Petersb. Ser. 6, Sci. Nat. 5 1846 225 298
    • (1846) Mem. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Petersb. Ser. 6, Sci. Nat. , vol.5 , pp. 225-298
    • Meyer, C.A.1
  • 56
    • 0012991193 scopus 로고
    • On geography and phylogeny of some representatives of the genus Ephedra L
    • I.F. Mussayev On geography and phylogeny of some representatives of the genus Ephedra L Bot. Zh. SSSR 63 1978 523 543
    • (1978) Bot. Zh. SSSR , vol.63 , pp. 523-543
    • Mussayev, I.F.1
  • 57
    • 14144252074 scopus 로고
    • The occurrence and alkaloidal content of various Ephedra species
    • C. Nielsen, H. Mccausland, and H.C. Spruth The occurrence and alkaloidal content of various Ephedra species J. Am. Pharmcol. Assoc. 16 1927 288 294
    • (1927) J. Am. Pharmcol. Assoc. , vol.16 , pp. 288-294
    • Nielsen, C.1    McCausland, H.2    Spruth, H.C.3
  • 58
    • 0031773680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeltest: Testing the model of DNA substitution
    • D. Posada, and K.A. Crandall Modeltest: testing the model of DNA substitution Bioinformatics 14 1998 817 818
    • (1998) Bioinformatics , vol.14 , pp. 817-818
    • Posada, D.1    Crandall, K.A.2
  • 59
    • 0030439668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematics of the Gnetales: A review of morphological and molecular evidence
    • R.A. Price Systematics of the Gnetales: a review of morphological and molecular evidence Int. J. Plant Sci. 157 Suppl. 1996 S40 S49
    • (1996) Int. J. Plant Sci. , vol.157 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Price, R.A.1
  • 60
    • 0001874604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogeny and systematics of Pinus
    • D.M. Richardson Cambridge University Press London
    • R.A. Price, A. Liston, and S.H. Strauss Phylogeny and systematics of Pinus D.M. Richardson Ecology and Biogeography of Pinus 1998 Cambridge University Press London 49 68
    • (1998) Ecology and Biogeography of Pinus , pp. 49-68
    • Price, R.A.1    Liston, A.2    Strauss, S.H.3
  • 62
    • 0000674910 scopus 로고
    • Amphitropical relationships in the floras of North and South America
    • P.H. Raven Amphitropical relationships in the floras of North and South America Q. Rev. Biol. 38 1963 151 177
    • (1963) Q. Rev. Biol. , vol.38 , pp. 151-177
    • Raven, P.H.1
  • 63
    • 0002227040 scopus 로고
    • Origin and relationships of the California flora
    • P.H. Raven, and D.I. Axelrod Origin and relationships of the California flora Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 72 1978 1 134
    • (1978) Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. , vol.72 , pp. 1-134
    • Raven, P.H.1    Axelrod, D.I.2
  • 64
    • 0036177790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seed plant relationships and the systematic position of Gnetales based on nuclear and chloroplast DNA: Conflicting data, rooting problems and the monophyly of conifers
    • C. Rydin, M. Källersjö, and E.M. Friis Seed plant relationships and the systematic position of Gnetales based on nuclear and chloroplast DNA: conflicting data, rooting problems and the monophyly of conifers Int. J. Plant Sci. 163 2002 197 214
    • (2002) Int. J. Plant Sci. , vol.163 , pp. 197-214
    • Rydin, C.1    Källersjö, M.2    Friis, E.M.3
  • 65
    • 0344407450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of chemical fingerprinting: Application to Ephedra
    • B.T. Schaneberg, S. Crockett, E. Bedir, and I.A. Khan The role of chemical fingerprinting: application to Ephedra Phytochemistry 62 2003 911 918
    • (2003) Phytochemistry , vol.62 , pp. 911-918
    • Schaneberg, B.T.1    Crockett, S.2    Bedir, E.3    Khan, I.A.4
  • 66
    • 0002080561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Choosing an approach and an appropriate gene for phylogenetic analysis
    • D.E. Soltis P.S. Soltis J.J. Doyle Kluwer Boston, MA
    • D.E. Soltis, and P.S. Soltis Choosing an approach and an appropriate gene for phylogenetic analysis D.E. Soltis P.S. Soltis J.J. Doyle Molecular Systematics of Plants II. DNA Sequencing 1998 Kluwer Boston, MA 1 42
    • (1998) Molecular Systematics of Plants II. DNA Sequencing , pp. 1-42
    • Soltis, D.E.1    Soltis, P.S.2
  • 67
    • 0036800892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogeny of seed plants based on evidence from eight genes
    • D.E. Soltis, P.S. Soltis, and M.J. Zanis Phylogeny of seed plants based on evidence from eight genes Am. J. Bot. 89 2002 1670 1681
    • (2002) Am. J. Bot. , vol.89 , pp. 1670-1681
    • Soltis, D.E.1    Soltis, P.S.2    Zanis, M.J.3
  • 70
    • 0037873714 scopus 로고
    • Ephedraceae
    • Oxford University Press, New York
    • Stevenson, D.W., 1993. Ephedraceae. In: Flora of North America, vol. 2. Oxford University Press, New York, pp. 428-434
    • (1993) Flora of North America , vol.2 , pp. 428-434
    • Stevenson, D.W.1
  • 72
    • 0027157960 scopus 로고
    • Estimation of the number of nucleotide substitutions in the control region of mitochondrial DNA in humans and chimpanzees
    • K. Tamura, and M. Nei Estimation of the number of nucleotide substitutions in the control region of mitochondrial DNA in humans and chimpanzees Mol. Biol. Evol. 10 1993 512 526
    • (1993) Mol. Biol. Evol. , vol.10 , pp. 512-526
    • Tamura, K.1    Nei, M.2
  • 73
    • 1642384833 scopus 로고
    • The anatomy and morphology of the inflorescences and flowers of Ephedra
    • M.G. Thoday, and E.M. Berridge The anatomy and morphology of the inflorescences and flowers of Ephedra Ann. Bot. 26 1912 953 985
    • (1912) Ann. Bot. , vol.26 , pp. 953-985
    • Thoday, M.G.1    Berridge, E.M.2
  • 74
    • 0031574072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The clustal_x windows interface: Flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools
    • J.D. Thompson, T.J. Gibson, F. Plewniak, F. Jeanmougin, and D.G. Higgins The clustal_x windows interface: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools Nucleic Acids Res. 25 1997 4876 4882
    • (1997) Nucleic Acids Res. , vol.25 , pp. 4876-4882
    • Thompson, J.D.1    Gibson, T.J.2    Plewniak, F.3    Jeanmougin, F.4    Higgins, D.G.5
  • 75
    • 0000770036 scopus 로고
    • Phytogeography
    • Oxford University Press, New York
    • Thorne, R.F., 1993. Phytogeography. In: Flora of North America, vol. 1. Oxford University Press, New York, pp. 132-153
    • (1993) Flora of North America , vol.1 , pp. 132-153
    • Thorne, R.F.1
  • 76
    • 0008335518 scopus 로고
    • A new variety of Ephedra torreyana (Ephedraceae) from west Texas and Chihuahua, with notes on hybridization in the E. torreyana complex
    • T. Wendt A new variety of Ephedra torreyana (Ephedraceae) from west Texas and Chihuahua, with notes on hybridization in the E. torreyana complex Phytologia 74 1993 141 150
    • (1993) Phytologia , vol.74 , pp. 141-150
    • Wendt, T.1
  • 78
    • 0041614996 scopus 로고
    • Studies on the pollen morphology of Chinese Ephedra
    • Y.-L. Zhang, and Y.-Z. Xi Studies on the pollen morphology of Chinese Ephedra Acta Bot. Sin. 25 1983 418 425
    • (1983) Acta Bot. Sin. , vol.25 , pp. 418-425
    • Zhang, Y.-L.1    Xi, Y.-Z.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.