메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 62, Issue 3, 2005, Pages 369-385

Ancient gill and lung oscillators may generate the respiratory rhythm of frogs and rats

Author keywords

Coupled oscillators; Frog; Homology; Opioid; Respiration

Indexed keywords

CARBON DIOXIDE; OPIATE;

EID: 12744273127     PISSN: 00223034     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/neu.20102     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (74)

References (76)
  • 1
    • 0032881854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Respiratory network function in the isolated brainstem-spinal cord of newborn rats
    • Ballanyi K, Onimaru H, Homma I. 1999. Respiratory network function in the isolated brainstem-spinal cord of newborn rats. Prog Neurobiol 59:583-634.
    • (1999) Prog Neurobiol , vol.59 , pp. 583-634
    • Ballanyi, K.1    Onimaru, H.2    Homma, I.3
  • 2
    • 0022816880 scopus 로고
    • The relative distribution of pulmocutaneous blood flow in Rana catesbeiana: Effects of pulmonary or cutaneous hypoxia
    • Boutilier RG, Glass ML, Heisler N. 1986. The relative distribution of pulmocutaneous blood flow in Rana catesbeiana: effects of pulmonary or cutaneous hypoxia. J Exp Biol 26:33-39.
    • (1986) J Exp Biol , vol.26 , pp. 33-39
    • Boutilier, R.G.1    Glass, M.L.2    Heisler, N.3
  • 3
    • 0002647261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New perspectives on the evolution of lung ventilation mechanisms in vertebrates
    • Brainerd EL. 1999. New perspectives on the evolution of lung ventilation mechanisms in vertebrates. Exp Biol Online 4:11-28.
    • (1999) Exp Biol Online , vol.4 , pp. 11-28
    • Brainerd, E.L.1
  • 4
    • 44949266687 scopus 로고
    • Lung ventilation in salamanders and the evolution of vertebrate air-breathing mechanisms
    • Brainerd EL, Ditelberg JS, Bramble DM. 1993. Lung ventilation in salamanders and the evolution of vertebrate air-breathing mechanisms. Biol J Linn Soc 49:163-183.
    • (1993) Biol J Linn Soc , vol.49 , pp. 163-183
    • Brainerd, E.L.1    Ditelberg, J.S.2    Bramble, D.M.3
  • 5
    • 0036328247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of the respiratory central pattern generator by chloride-dependent inhibition during development in the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana)
    • Broch L, Morales RD, Sandoval AV, Hedrick MS. 2002. Regulation of the respiratory central pattern generator by chloride-dependent inhibition during development in the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana). J Exp Biol 205:1161-1169.
    • (2002) J Exp Biol , vol.205 , pp. 1161-1169
    • Broch, L.1    Morales, R.D.2    Sandoval, A.V.3    Hedrick, M.S.4
  • 6
    • 0027462268 scopus 로고
    • Microenvironment of respiratory neurons in the in vitro brainstem-spinal cord of neonatal rats
    • Brockhaus J, Bockhaus J, Ballanyi K, Smith JC, Richter DW. 1993. Microenvironment of respiratory neurons in the in vitro brainstem-spinal cord of neonatal rats. J Physiol 462:421-455.
    • (1993) J Physiol , vol.462 , pp. 421-455
    • Brockhaus, J.1    Bockhaus, J.2    Ballanyi, K.3    Smith, J.C.4    Richter, D.W.5
  • 7
    • 0002105676 scopus 로고
    • Transition of respiratory processes during amphibian metamorphosis: From egg to adult
    • Seymour RS, editor. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Dr. W. Junk Publishers
    • Burggren WW. 1984. Transition of respiratory processes during amphibian metamorphosis: from egg to adult. In: Seymour RS, editor. Respiration and metabolism of embryonic vertebrates. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Dr. W. Junk Publishers, p 31-53.
    • (1984) Respiration and Metabolism of Embryonic Vertebrates , pp. 31-53
    • Burggren, W.W.1
  • 8
    • 0020061362 scopus 로고
    • Changing respiratory importance of gills, lungs and skin during metamorphosis in the bullfrog Rana catesbeiana
    • Burggren WW, West NH. 1982. Changing respiratory importance of gills, lungs and skin during metamorphosis in the bullfrog Rana catesbeiana. Respir Physiol 47:151-164.
    • (1982) Respir Physiol , vol.47 , pp. 151-164
    • Burggren, W.W.1    West, N.H.2
  • 10
    • 0003683852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seattle: MathSoft. 877 p
    • Data Analysis Products Division. 1997. S-PLUS 4: Guide to Statistics. Seattle: MathSoft. 877 p.
    • (1997) S-PLUS 4: Guide to Statistics
  • 11
    • 23044529900 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Buccal oscillation and lung ventilation in a semi-aquatic turtle, Platysternon megacephalum
    • Druzisky KA, Brainerd EL. 2001. Buccal oscillation and lung ventilation in a semi-aquatic turtle, Platysternon megacephalum. Zoology 104:143-152.
    • (2001) Zoology , vol.104 , pp. 143-152
    • Druzisky, K.A.1    Brainerd, E.L.2
  • 12
    • 0344430226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A commentary on eupnoea and gasping
    • Duffin J. 2003. A commentary on eupnoea and gasping. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 139:105-111.
    • (2003) Respir Physiol Neurobiol , vol.139 , pp. 105-111
    • Duffin, J.1
  • 13
    • 0033029038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of the vertebrate cardio-pulmonary system
    • Farmer CG. 1999. Evolution of the vertebrate cardio-pulmonary system. Annu Rev Physiol 61:573-592.
    • (1999) Annu Rev Physiol , vol.61 , pp. 573-592
    • Farmer, C.G.1
  • 14
    • 0029919248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of chloride-mediated inhibition in respiratory rhythmogenesis in an in vitro brainstem of tadpole, Rana catesbeiana
    • Galante RJ, Kubin L, Fishman AP, Pack AI. 1996. Role of chloride-mediated inhibition in respiratory rhythmogenesis in an in vitro brainstem of tadpole, Rana catesbeiana. J Physiol 492:545-558.
    • (1996) J Physiol , vol.492 , pp. 545-558
    • Galante, R.J.1    Kubin, L.2    Fishman, A.P.3    Pack, A.I.4
  • 15
    • 0002431622 scopus 로고
    • Strategy and sequence in the evolution of the external Gas Exchangers of ectothermal Vertebrates
    • Gans C. 1970. Strategy and sequence in the evolution of the external Gas Exchangers of ectothermal Vertebrates. Forma Functio 3:61-104.
    • (1970) Forma Functio , vol.3 , pp. 61-104
    • Gans, C.1
  • 16
    • 0014674276 scopus 로고
    • Bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) ventilation: How does the frog breathe?
    • Gans C, De Jongh HJ, Farber J. 1969. Bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) ventilation: how does the frog breathe? Science 163:1223-1225.
    • (1969) Science , vol.163 , pp. 1223-1225
    • Gans, C.1    De Jongh, H.J.2    Farber, J.3
  • 17
    • 0032428397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurorespiratory pattern of gill and lung ventilation in the decerebrate spontaneously breathing tadpole
    • Gdovin MJ, Torgerson CS, Remmers JE. 1998. Neurorespiratory pattern of gill and lung ventilation in the decerebrate spontaneously breathing tadpole. Respir Physiol 113:135-146.
    • (1998) Respir Physiol , vol.113 , pp. 135-146
    • Gdovin, M.J.1    Torgerson, C.S.2    Remmers, J.E.3
  • 18
    • 0004199226 scopus 로고
    • 1st. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. 248 p
    • Glass L, Mackey MC. 1988. From Clocks to Chaos. 1st. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. 248 p.
    • (1988) From Clocks to Chaos
    • Glass, L.1    Mackey, M.C.2
  • 20
    • 0035698020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is the vertebrate respiratory central pattern generator conserved? Insights from in-vitro and in-vivo amphibian models
    • Hedrick MS, Broch L, Martinez M, Powell JL, Wade RE. 2001. Is the vertebrate respiratory central pattern generator conserved? Insights from in-vitro and in-vivo amphibian models. Adv Exp Med Biol 499:127-132.
    • (2001) Adv Exp Med Biol , vol.499 , pp. 127-132
    • Hedrick, M.S.1    Broch, L.2    Martinez, M.3    Powell, J.L.4    Wade, R.E.5
  • 21
    • 0032727014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitric oxide as a modulator of central respiratory rhythm in the isolated brainstem of the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana)
    • Hedrick MS, Morales RD. 1999. Nitric oxide as a modulator of central respiratory rhythm in the isolated brainstem of the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana). Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 124:243-251.
    • (1999) Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol , vol.124 , pp. 243-251
    • Hedrick, M.S.1    Morales, R.D.2
  • 22
    • 0037115364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Opioid-resistant respiratory pathway from the preinspiratory neurones to abdominal muscles: In vivo and in vitro study in the newborn rat
    • Janczewski WA, Onimaru H, Homma I, Feldman JL. 2002. Opioid-resistant respiratory pathway from the preinspiratory neurones to abdominal muscles: in vivo and in vitro study in the newborn rat. J Physiol 545:1017-1026.
    • (2002) J Physiol , vol.545 , pp. 1017-1026
    • Janczewski, W.A.1    Onimaru, H.2    Homma, I.3    Feldman, J.L.4
  • 23
    • 0030907256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strychnine eliminates reciprocation and augmentation of respiratory bursts of the in vitro frog brainstem
    • Kimura N, Perry SF, Remmers JE. 1997. Strychnine eliminates reciprocation and augmentation of respiratory bursts of the in vitro frog brainstem. Neurosci Lett 225: 9-12.
    • (1997) Neurosci Lett , vol.225 , pp. 9-12
    • Kimura, N.1    Perry, S.F.2    Remmers, J.E.3
  • 24
    • 0028006016 scopus 로고
    • Chemoreceptors and control of episodic breathing in the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana)
    • Kinkead R, Milsom WK. 1994. Chemoreceptors and control of episodic breathing in the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana). Respir Physiol 95:81-98.
    • (1994) Respir Physiol , vol.95 , pp. 81-98
    • Kinkead, R.1    Milsom, W.K.2
  • 25
    • 0027966958 scopus 로고
    • Neural organization of the ventilatory activity in the frog, Rana catesbeiana. I
    • Kogo N, Perry SF, Remmers JE. 1994. Neural organization of the ventilatory activity in the frog, Rana catesbeiana. I. J Neurobiol 25:1067-1079.
    • (1994) J Neurobiol , vol.25 , pp. 1067-1079
    • Kogo, N.1    Perry, S.F.2    Remmers, J.E.3
  • 26
    • 0028075195 scopus 로고
    • Neural organization of the ventilatory activity in the frog, Rana catesbeiana. II
    • Kogo N, Remmers JE. 1994. Neural organization of the ventilatory activity in the frog, Rana catesbeiana. II. J Neurobiol 25:1080-1094.
    • (1994) J Neurobiol , vol.25 , pp. 1080-1094
    • Kogo, N.1    Remmers, J.E.2
  • 27
    • 0041419623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coordination of suck-swallow and swallow respiration in preterm infants
    • Lau C, Smith EO, Schanler RJ. 2003. Coordination of suck-swallow and swallow respiration in preterm infants. Acta Paediatr 92:721-727.
    • (2003) Acta Paediatr , vol.92 , pp. 721-727
    • Lau, C.1    Smith, E.O.2    Schanler, R.J.3
  • 28
    • 0036554656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tetrapod phylogeny, amphibian origins, and the definition of the name tetrapoda
    • Laurin M. 2002. Tetrapod phylogeny, amphibian origins, and the definition of the name tetrapoda. Systematics 51:364-369.
    • (2002) Systematics , vol.51 , pp. 364-369
    • Laurin, M.1
  • 29
    • 0024548307 scopus 로고
    • Segmental patterns of neuronal development in the chick hindbrain
    • Lumsden A, Keynes R. 1989. Segmental patterns of neuronal development in the chick hindbrain. Nature 337:424-428.
    • (1989) Nature , vol.337 , pp. 424-428
    • Lumsden, A.1    Keynes, R.2
  • 30
    • 0029847273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Principles of rhythmic motor pattern generation
    • Marder E, Calabrese RL. 1996. Principles of rhythmic motor pattern generation. Physiol Rev 76:687-717.
    • (1996) Physiol Rev , vol.76 , pp. 687-717
    • Marder, E.1    Calabrese, R.L.2
  • 32
    • 0018981644 scopus 로고
    • The effects of enforced activity on ventilation, circulation and blood acid-base balance in the semi-terrestrial anuran, Bufo marinus
    • McDonald DG, Boutilier RG, Toews DP. 1980. The effects of enforced activity on ventilation, circulation and blood acid-base balance in the semi-terrestrial anuran, Bufo marinus. J Exp Biol 84:273-287.
    • (1980) J Exp Biol , vol.84 , pp. 273-287
    • McDonald, D.G.1    Boutilier, R.G.2    Toews, D.P.3
  • 33
    • 0028830697 scopus 로고
    • Two regions in the isolated brainstem of the frog that modulate respiratory-related activity
    • McLean HA, Perry SF, Remmers JE. 1995. Two regions in the isolated brainstem of the frog that modulate respiratory-related activity. J Comp Physiol [A] 177: 135-144.
    • (1995) J Comp Physiol [A] , vol.177 , pp. 135-144
    • McLean, H.A.1    Perry, S.F.2    Remmers, J.E.3
  • 34
    • 0014601860 scopus 로고
    • A functional analysis of the aquatic and aerial respiratory movements of an African lungfish, Protopterus aethiopicus, with reference to the evolution of the lung-ventilation mechanism in vertebrates
    • McMahon BR. 1969. A functional analysis of the aquatic and aerial respiratory movements of an African lungfish, Protopterus aethiopicus, with reference to the evolution of the lung-ventilation mechanism in vertebrates. J Exp Biol 51:407-430.
    • (1969) J Exp Biol , vol.51 , pp. 407-430
    • McMahon, B.R.1
  • 35
    • 0037422029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Opioid-induced quantal slowing reveals dual networks for respiratory rhythm generation
    • Mellen NM, Janczewski WA, Bocchiaro CM, Feldman JL. 2003. Opioid-induced quantal slowing reveals dual networks for respiratory rhythm generation. Neuron 37:821-826.
    • (2003) Neuron , vol.37 , pp. 821-826
    • Mellen, N.M.1    Janczewski, W.A.2    Bocchiaro, C.M.3    Feldman, J.L.4
  • 36
    • 0025793675 scopus 로고
    • Construction of a pattern-generating circuit with neurons of different networks
    • Meyrand P, Simmers J, Moulins M. 1991. Construction of a pattern-generating circuit with neurons of different networks. Nature 351:60-63.
    • (1991) Nature , vol.351 , pp. 60-63
    • Meyrand, P.1    Simmers, J.2    Moulins, M.3
  • 37
    • 0035999614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temperature and pH/CO(2) modulate respiratory activity in the isolated brainstem of the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana)
    • Morales RD, Hedrick MS. 2002. Temperature and pH/CO(2) modulate respiratory activity in the isolated brainstem of the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana). Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 132:477-487.
    • (2002) Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol , vol.132 , pp. 477-487
    • Morales, R.D.1    Hedrick, M.S.2
  • 38
    • 0014897308 scopus 로고
    • An experimental study of hiccup
    • Newsom Davis J. 1970. An experimental study of hiccup. Brain 93:851-872.
    • (1970) Brain , vol.93 , pp. 851-872
    • Newsom Davis, J.1
  • 40
    • 0031665275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of spontaneous activity in developing spinal networks
    • O'Donovan MJ, Chub N, Wenner P. 1998. Mechanisms of spontaneous activity in developing spinal networks. J Neurobiol 37:131-145.
    • (1998) J Neurobiol , vol.37 , pp. 131-145
    • O'Donovan, M.J.1    Chub, N.2    Wenner, P.3
  • 41
    • 0023181497 scopus 로고
    • Localization of respiratory rhythm-generating neurons in the medulla of brainstem-spinal cord preparations from newborn rats
    • Onimaru H, Arata A, Homma I. 1987. Localization of respiratory rhythm-generating neurons in the medulla of brainstem-spinal cord preparations from newborn rats. Neurosci Lett 78:151-155.
    • (1987) Neurosci Lett , vol.78 , pp. 151-155
    • Onimaru, H.1    Arata, A.2    Homma, I.3
  • 42
    • 0024342698 scopus 로고
    • Firing properties of respiratory rhythm generating neurons in the absence of synaptic transmission in rat medulla in vitro
    • Onimaru H, Arata A, Homma I. 1989. Firing properties of respiratory rhythm generating neurons in the absence of synaptic transmission in rat medulla in vitro. Exp Brain Res 76:530-536.
    • (1989) Exp Brain Res , vol.76 , pp. 530-536
    • Onimaru, H.1    Arata, A.2    Homma, I.3
  • 43
    • 0025614450 scopus 로고
    • Inhibitory synaptic inputs to the respiratory rhythm generator in the medulla isolated from newborn rats
    • Onimaru H, Arata A, Homma I. 1990. Inhibitory synaptic inputs to the respiratory rhythm generator in the medulla isolated from newborn rats. Pflugers Arch 417: 425-432.
    • (1990) Pflugers Arch , vol.417 , pp. 425-432
    • Onimaru, H.1    Arata, A.2    Homma, I.3
  • 44
    • 0037442811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A novel functional neuron group for respiratory rhythm generation in the ventral medulla
    • Onimaru H, Homma I. 2003. A novel functional neuron group for respiratory rhythm generation in the ventral medulla. J Neurosci 23:1478-1486.
    • (2003) J Neurosci , vol.23 , pp. 1478-1486
    • Onimaru, H.1    Homma, I.2
  • 46
    • 0026548113 scopus 로고
    • The use of naloxone to facilitate the generation of the locomotor rhythm in spinal cats
    • Pearson KG, Jiang W, Ramirez JM. 1992. The use of naloxone to facilitate the generation of the locomotor rhythm in spinal cats. J Neurosci Methods 42: 75-81.
    • (1992) J Neurosci Methods , vol.42 , pp. 75-81
    • Pearson, K.G.1    Jiang, W.2    Ramirez, J.M.3
  • 47
    • 0035046546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Respiratory control of hypoglossal motoneurones in the rat
    • Peever JH, Mateika JH, Duffin J. 2001. Respiratory control of hypoglossal motoneurones in the rat. Pflugers Arch 442:78-86.
    • (2001) Pflugers Arch , vol.442 , pp. 78-86
    • Peever, J.H.1    Mateika, J.H.2    Duffin, J.3
  • 48
    • 0032887155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temperature and pH affect respiratory rhythm of in-vitro preparations from neonatal rats
    • Peever JH, Tian GF, Duffin J. 1999. Temperature and pH affect respiratory rhythm of in-vitro preparations from neonatal rats. Respir Physiol 117:97-107.
    • (1999) Respir Physiol , vol.117 , pp. 97-107
    • Peever, J.H.1    Tian, G.F.2    Duffin, J.3
  • 50
    • 0031596646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PreBotzinger complex and pacemaker neurons: Hypothesized site and kernel for respiratory rhythm generation
    • Rekling JC, Feldman JL. 1998. PreBotzinger complex and pacemaker neurons: hypothesized site and kernel for respiratory rhythm generation. Annu Rev Physiol 60:385-405.
    • (1998) Annu Rev Physiol , vol.60 , pp. 385-405
    • Rekling, J.C.1    Feldman, J.L.2
  • 52
    • 0345724925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Commentary on eupneic breathing patterns and gasping
    • Richter DW. 2003. Commentary on eupneic breathing patterns and gasping. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 139:121-130.
    • (2003) Respir Physiol Neurobiol , vol.139 , pp. 121-130
    • Richter, D.W.1
  • 53
    • 0038509160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early tetrapod relationships revisited
    • Ruta M, Coates MI, Quicke DLJ. 2003. Early tetrapod relationships revisited. Biol Rev 78:251-345.
    • (2003) Biol Rev , vol.78 , pp. 251-345
    • Ruta, M.1    Coates, M.I.2    Quicke, D.L.J.3
  • 54
    • 0036795560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Difference between hypoglossal and phrenic activities during lung inflation and swallowing in the rat
    • Saito Y, Ezure K, Tanaka I. 2002. Difference between hypoglossal and phrenic activities during lung inflation and swallowing in the rat. J Physiol 544:183-193.
    • (2002) J Physiol , vol.544 , pp. 183-193
    • Saito, Y.1    Ezure, K.2    Tanaka, I.3
  • 55
    • 0021119008 scopus 로고
    • The pattern of respiratory nerve activity in the bullfrog
    • Sakakibara Y. 1984. The pattern of respiratory nerve activity in the bullfrog. Jpn J Physiol 34:269-282.
    • (1984) Jpn J Physiol , vol.34 , pp. 269-282
    • Sakakibara, Y.1
  • 57
    • 84940798273 scopus 로고
    • Development of tegmental and rhombecephalic structures in the frog
    • Senn DG. 1972. Development of tegmental and rhombecephalic structures in the frog. Acta Anat 82:525-548.
    • (1972) Acta Anat , vol.82 , pp. 525-548
    • Senn, D.G.1
  • 58
    • 0031003530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Respiratory rhythm generation and synaptic inhibition of expiratory neurons in pre-Botzinger complex: Differential roles of glycinergic and GABAergic neural transmission
    • Shao XM, Feldman JL. 1997. Respiratory rhythm generation and synaptic inhibition of expiratory neurons in pre-Botzinger complex: differential roles of glycinergic and GABAergic neural transmission. J Neurophysiol 77: 1853-1860.
    • (1997) J Neurophysiol , vol.77 , pp. 1853-1860
    • Shao, X.M.1    Feldman, J.L.2
  • 59
    • 0026360052 scopus 로고
    • Pre-Botzinger complex: A brainstem region that may generate respiratory rhythm in mammals
    • Smith JC, Ellenberger HH, Ballanyi K, Richter DW, Feldman JL. 1991. Pre-Botzinger complex: a brainstem region that may generate respiratory rhythm in mammals. Science 254:726-729.
    • (1991) Science , vol.254 , pp. 726-729
    • Smith, J.C.1    Ellenberger, H.H.2    Ballanyi, K.3    Richter, D.W.4    Feldman, J.L.5
  • 60
    • 0037840722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Focal CO2/H+ alters phrenic motor output response to chemical stimulation of cat pre-Botzinger complex in vivo
    • Solomon IC. 2003. Focal CO2/H+ alters phrenic motor output response to chemical stimulation of cat pre-Botzinger complex in vivo. J Appl Physiol 94:2151-2157.
    • (2003) J Appl Physiol , vol.94 , pp. 2151-2157
    • Solomon, I.C.1
  • 61
    • 0031825741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurogenesis of patterns of automatic ventilatory activity
    • St. John WM. 1998. Neurogenesis of patterns of automatic ventilatory activity. Prog Neurobiol 56:97-117.
    • (1998) Prog Neurobiol , vol.56 , pp. 97-117
    • St. John, W.M.1
  • 63
    • 0034610159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental disinhibition: Turning off inhibition turns on breathing in vertebrates
    • Straus C, Wilson RJ, Remmers JE. 2000a. Developmental disinhibition: turning off inhibition turns on breathing in vertebrates. J Neurobiol 45:75-83.
    • (2000) J Neurobiol , vol.45 , pp. 75-83
    • Straus, C.1    Wilson, R.J.2    Remmers, J.E.3
  • 64
    • 0034730863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Baclofen eliminates cluster lung breathing of the tadpole brainstem, in vitro
    • Straus C, Wilson RJ, Tezenas du MS, Remmers JE. 2000b. Baclofen eliminates cluster lung breathing of the tadpole brainstem, in vitro. Neurosci Lett 292:13-16.
    • (2000) Neurosci Lett , vol.292 , pp. 13-16
    • Straus, C.1    Wilson, R.J.2    Tezenas Du, M.S.3    Remmers, J.E.4
  • 66
    • 0027344810 scopus 로고
    • The efferent system of cranial nerve nuclei: A comparative neuromorphological study
    • Szekely G, Matesz C. 1993. The efferent system of cranial nerve nuclei: a comparative neuromorphological study. Adv Anat Embryol Cell Biol 128:1-92.
    • (1993) Adv Anat Embryol Cell Biol , vol.128 , pp. 1-92
    • Szekely, G.1    Matesz, C.2
  • 67
    • 0034842388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Opioid action on respiratory neuron activity of the isolated respiratory network in newborn rats
    • Takeda S, Eriksson LI, Yamamoto Y, Joensen H, Onimaru H, Lindahl SG. 2001. Opioid action on respiratory neuron activity of the isolated respiratory network in newborn rats. Anesthesiology 95:740-749.
    • (2001) Anesthesiology , vol.95 , pp. 740-749
    • Takeda, S.1    Eriksson, L.I.2    Yamamoto, Y.3    Joensen, H.4    Onimaru, H.5    Lindahl, S.G.6
  • 68
    • 33847025596 scopus 로고
    • Stages in normal development of Rana pipiens larvae
    • Taylor AC, Kollros J. 1946. Stages in normal development of Rana pipiens larvae. Anat Rec 94:7-24.
    • (1946) Anat Rec , vol.94 , pp. 7-24
    • Taylor, A.C.1    Kollros, J.2
  • 70
    • 0030795813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ontogeny of central chemoreception during fictive gill and lung ventilation in an in vitro brainstem preparation of Rana catesbeiana
    • Torgerson CS, Gdovin MJ, Remmers JE. 1997. Ontogeny of central chemoreception during fictive gill and lung ventilation in an in vitro brainstem preparation of Rana catesbeiana. J Exp Biol 200:2063-2072.
    • (1997) J Exp Biol , vol.200 , pp. 2063-2072
    • Torgerson, C.S.1    Gdovin, M.J.2    Remmers, J.E.3
  • 71
    • 0031795954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fictive gill and lung ventilation in the pre- And postmetamorphic tadpole brain stem
    • Torgerson CS, Gdovin MJ, Remmers JE. 1998. Fictive gill and lung ventilation in the pre- and postmetamorphic tadpole brain stem. J Neurophysiol 80:2015-2022.
    • (1998) J Neurophysiol , vol.80 , pp. 2015-2022
    • Torgerson, C.S.1    Gdovin, M.J.2    Remmers, J.E.3
  • 72
    • 0016480771 scopus 로고
    • Breathing movements in the frog Rana pipiens. I. The mechanical events associated with lung and buccal ventilation
    • West NH, Jones DR. 1975. Breathing movements in the frog Rana pipiens. I. The mechanical events associated with lung and buccal ventilation. Can J Zool 53:332-344.
    • (1975) Can J Zool , vol.53 , pp. 332-344
    • West, N.H.1    Jones, D.R.2
  • 73
    • 0034530846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of air-breathing and central CO(2)/H(+) respiratory chemosensitivity: New insights from an old fish?
    • Wilson RJ, Harris MB, Remmers JE, Perry SF. 2000. Evolution of air-breathing and central CO(2)/H(+) respiratory chemosensitivity: new insights from an old fish? J Exp Biol 203:3505-3512.
    • (2000) J Exp Biol , vol.203 , pp. 3505-3512
    • Wilson, R.J.1    Harris, M.B.2    Remmers, J.E.3    Perry, S.F.4
  • 74
    • 0033105018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of a low volume recirculating superfusion chamber for long term administration of expensive drugs and dyes
    • Wilson RJ, Straus C, Remmers JE. 1999. Efficacy of a low volume recirculating superfusion chamber for long term administration of expensive drugs and dyes. J Neurosci Methods 87:175-184.
    • (1999) J Neurosci Methods , vol.87 , pp. 175-184
    • Wilson, R.J.1    Straus, C.2    Remmers, J.E.3
  • 75
    • 0037092240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence that ventilatory rhythmogenesis in the frog involves two distinct neuronal oscillators
    • Wilson RJ, Vasilakos K, Harris MB, Straus C, Remmers JE. 2002. Evidence that ventilatory rhythmogenesis in the frog involves two distinct neuronal oscillators. J Physiol 540:557-570.
    • (2002) J Physiol , vol.540 , pp. 557-570
    • Wilson, R.J.1    Vasilakos, K.2    Harris, M.B.3    Straus, C.4    Remmers, J.E.5
  • 76
    • 0038671727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental changes in the modulation of respiratory rhythm generation by extracellular K+ in the isolated bullfrog brainstem
    • Winmill RE, Hedrick MS. 2003. Developmental changes in the modulation of respiratory rhythm generation by extracellular K+ in the isolated bullfrog brainstem. J Neurobiol 55:278-287.
    • (2003) J Neurobiol , vol.55 , pp. 278-287
    • Winmill, R.E.1    Hedrick, M.S.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.