Kidney disease, genotype and the pathogenesis of vasculopathy

Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension

Volumn 12, Issue 1, 2003, Pages 71-78

  Hayden, Patrick S ^a   Iyengar, Sudha K ^a   Schelling, Jeffrey R ^a   Sedor, John R ^a,b  

^a CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b METROHEALTH MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Chronic renal failure; Diabetic nephropathy; ESRD; Genetic epidemiology; Genetics; Kidney disease progression; Nephrosclerosis

Indexed keywords

CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE; DIABETES MELLITUS; DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE COURSE; GENE CLUSTER; GENE CONTROL; GENE IDENTIFICATION; GENETIC EPIDEMIOLOGY; GENETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY; GENOTYPE; HUMAN; KIDNEY DISEASE; KIDNEY FAILURE; MOLECULAR CLONING; NEPHROSCLEROSIS; PATHOGENESIS; PHENOTYPE; POPULATION GENETICS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEOMICS; RENOVASCULAR DISEASE; REVIEW; SEGREGATION ANALYSIS; VASCULAR DISEASE;

ANIMALS; BLOOD VESSELS; CAPILLARIES; HUMANS; KIDNEY DISEASES; KIDNEY FAILURE, CHRONIC; PHENOTYPE; RENAL CIRCULATION; VASCULAR DISEASES;

EID: 12244293340     PISSN: 10624821     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00041552-200301000-00012     Document Type: Review

References (57)

1. Luke RG. Chronic renal failure - a vasculopathic state. N Engl J Med 1998; 339:841-843.
2. Coresh J, Wei GL, McQuillan G, et al. Prevalence of high blood pressure and elevated serum creatinine level in the United States: findings from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988-994). Arch Intern Med 2001; 161:1207-1216. For the first time, the authors estimated the number of Americans with abnormal serum creatinine levels, who may be at risk of renal disease progression. The estimate is determined by extrapolation from the NHANES III dataset.
3. Jones CA, Francis ME, Eberhardt MS, et al. Microalbuminuria in the US population: third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Am J Kidney Dis 2002; 39:445-459. Similar to Ref. [2], the investigators use the NHANES III dataset to define the prevalence of microalbuminuria in the US population.
4. Schelling JR, Zarif L, Sehgal AR, et al. Genetic susceptibility to end stage renal disease. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 1999; 8:465-472.
5. Covic AM, Iyengar SK, Olson JM, et al. A family-based strategy to identify genes for diabetic nephropathy. Am. J Kidney Dis 2001; 37:638-647.
6. Iyengar SK, Schelling JR, Sedor JR. Approaches to understanding susceptibility to nephropathy: from genetics to genomics. Kidney Int. 2002; 61 (suppl 1): 61-67.
7. Freedman BI. End-stage renal failure in African Americans: insights in kidney disease susceptibility. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2002; 17:198-200.
8. Kang DH, Kanellis J, Hugo C, et al. Role of the microvascular endothelium in progressive renal disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2002; 13:806-816. An excellent review of the putative mechanisms by which small-vessel kidney disease may contribute to progressive nephropathy.
9. Cooper ME, Bonnet F, Oldfield M, Jandeleit-Dahm K. Mechanisms of diabetic vasculopathy: an overview. Am J Hypertens 2001; 14:475-486. This is an excellent review, which nicely summarizes the current mechanisms of diabetic vasculopathy.
10. Rimmer JM, Gennari FJ. Atherosclerotic renovascular disease and progressive renal failure. Ann Intern Med 1993; 118:712-719.
11. Alcazar JM, Rodicio JL. Ischemic nephropathy: clinical characteristics and treatment. Am J Kidney Dis 2000; 36:883-893.
12. Perneger TV, Klag MJ, Feldman HI, Whelton PK. Projections of hypertension-related renal disease in middle-aged residents of the United States. JAMA 1993; 269:1272-1277.
13. Klag MJ, Whelton PK, Randall BL, et al. Blood pressure and end-stage renal disease in men. N Engl J Med 1996; 334:13-18.
14. Schlessinger SD, Tankersley MR, Curtis JJ. Clinical documentation of end-stage renal disease due to hypertension. Am J Kidney Dis 1994; 23: 655-660.
15. Zarif L, Covic A, lyengar S, et al. Inaccuracy of clinical phenotyping parameters for hypertensive nephrosclerosis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2000; 15:1801-1807.
16. Freedman BI, Iskandar SS, Appel RG. The link between hypertension and nephrosclerosis. Am J Kidney Dis 1995; 25:207-221.
17. Cascieri MA. The potential for novel anti-inflammatory therapies for coronary artery disease. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2002; 1:122-130.
18. Glass CK, Witztum JL. Atherosclerosis, the road ahead. Cell 2001; 104:503-516. These authors nicely summarize current atherogenic mechanisms, including inflammation.
19. Molitoris BA, Sandoval R, Sutton TA. Endothelial injury and dysfunction in ischemic acute renal failure. Crit Care Med 2002; 30:S235-S240.
20. Mogensen CE, Christensen CK. Predicting diabetic nephropathy in insulin-dependent patients. N Engl J Med 1984; 311:89-93.
21. Jensen T, Bjerre-Knudsen J, Feldt-Rasmussen B, Deckert T. Features of endothelial dysfunction in early diabetic nephropathy. Lancet 1989; 1:461-463.
22. Pedrinelli R, Dell'Omo G, Penno G, Mariani M. Non-diabetic microalbuminuria, endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease. Vasc Med 2001; 6:257-264.
23. Bakris GL. Microalbuminuria: what is it? Why is it important? What should be done about it? J Clin Hypertens 2001; 3:99-102.
24. Garg JP, Bakris GL. Microalbuminuria: marker of vascular dysfunction, risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Vasc Med 2002; 7:35-43.
25. Caramori ML, Kim Y, Huang C, et al. Cellular basis of diabetic nephropathy: Study design and renal structural-functional relationships in patients with long-standing type 1 diabetes. Diabetes 2002; 51:506-513. An excellent study that correlated renal function and structural changes on biopsy in 'fast track' and 'slow track' diabetic patients with nephropathy. The study illustrates the difficulties in using clinical criteria to phenotype. Although albumin excretion rates and glomerular structure correlated, there was considerable overlap, demonstrating that patients can have advanced structural lesions without functional abnormalities.
26. Fioretto P, Mauer M, Brocco E, et al. Patterns of renal injury in NIDDM patients with microalbuminuria. Diabetologia 1996; 39:1569-1576.
27. Maltais I, Bachvarova M, Maheux P, et al. Bradykinin B2 receptor gene polymorphism is associated with altered urinary albumin/creatinine values in diabetic patients. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2002; 80:323-327.
28. Kao Y, Donaghue KC, Chan A, et al. Paraoxonase gene cluster is a genetic marker for early microvascular complications in type 1 diabetes. Diabet Med 2002; 19:212-215. A nicely designed and relatively well powered association analysis of paraoxonase genes and diabetic microvascular complications.
29. Maruyama K, Yoshida M, Nishio H, et al. Polymorphisms of renin-angiotensin system genes in childhood IgA nephropathy. Pediatr Nephrol 2001; 16:350-355.
30. Lovati E, Richard A, Frey BM, et al. Genetic polymorphisms of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in end-stage renal disease. Kidney Int 2001; 60:46-54.
31. Neugebauer S, Baba T, Watanabe T. Association of the nitric oxide synthase gene polymorphism with an increased risk for progression to diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 2000; 49:500-503.
32. Freedman BI, Yu H, Anderson PJ, et al. Genetic analysis of nitric oxide and endothelin in end-stage renal disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2000; 15:1794-1800.
33. Ortlepp JR, Lauscher J, Hoffmann R, et al. The vitamin D receptor gene variant is associated with the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease. Diabet Med 2001; 18:842-845.
34. Kordonouri O, James RW, Bennetts B, et al. Modulation by blood glucose levels of activity and concentration of paraoxonase in young patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Metabolism 2001; 50:657-660.
35. Shore AC, Evans JC, Frayling TM, et al. Calpain 10 and microvascular function. Diabetologia 2002; 45:899-904.
36. Kankova K, Zahejsky J, Marova I, et al. Polymorphisms in the RAGE gene influence susceptibility to diabetes-associated microvascular dermatoses in NIDDM. J Diabet Complic 2001; 15:185-192.
37. Schmidt R, Schmidt H, Fazekas F, et al. Angiotensinogen polymorphism M235T, carotid atherosclerosis, and small-vessel disease-related cerebral abnormalities. Hypertension 2001; 38:110-115.
38. Leung CH, Poon WS, Yu LM, et al. Apolipoprotein E genotype and outcome in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Stroke 2002; 33:548-552.
39. Vogel SM, Gao X, Mehta D, et al. Abrogation of thrombin-induced increase in pulmonary microvascular permeability in PAR-1 knockout mice. Physiol Genomics 2000; 4:137-145.
40. Prasad A, Narayanan S, Husain S, et al. Insertion-deletion polymorphism of the ACE gene modulates reversibility of endothelial dysfunction with ACE inhibition. Circulation 2000; 102:35-41.
41. Hunt SC, Cook NR, Oberman A, et al. Angiotensinogen genotype, sodium reduction, weight loss, and prevention of hypertension: trials of hypertension prevention, phase II. Hypertension 1998; 32:393-401.
42. Hopkins PN, Hunt SC, Jeunemaitre X, et al. Angiotensinogen genotype affects renal and adrenal responses to angiotensin II in essential hypertension. Circulation 2002; 105:1921-1927.
43. Tarnow L, Stehouwer CD, Emeis JJ, et al. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and apolipoprotein E gene polymorphisms and diabetic angiopathy. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2000; 15:625-630.
44. Medley TL, Cole TJ, Gatzka CD, et al. Fibrillin-1 genotype is associated with aortic stiffness and disease severity in patients with coronary artery disease. Circulation 2002; 105:810-815.
45. Szalai C, Duba J, Prohaszka Z, et al. Involvement of polymorphisms in the chemokine system in the susceptibility for coronary artery disease (CAD). Coincidence of elevated Lp(a) and MCP-1-2518 G/G genotype in CAD patients. Atherosclerosis 2001; 158:233-239.
46. McDermott DH, Halcox JP, Schenke WH, et al. Association between polymorphism in the chemokine receptor CX3CR1 and coronary vascular endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Circ Res 2001; 89:401-407.
47. Undas A, Brummel K, Musial J, et al. PI(A2) polymorphism of beta(3) integrins is associated with enhanced thrombin generation and impaired antithrombotic action of aspirin at the site of microvascular injury. Circulation 2001; 104:2666-2672.
48. Brownlee M. Biochemistry and molecular cell biology of diabetic complications. Nature 2001; 414:813-820. An excellent review of data supporting the role of superoxide as the common signal causing hyperglycemia-dependent vascular injury.
49. Horikawa Y, Oda N, Cox NJ, et al. Genetic variation in the gene encoding calpain-10 is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nat Genet 2000; 26:163-175.
50. Fingerlin TE, Erdos MR, Watanabe RM, et al. Variation in three single nucleotide polymorphisms in the calpain-10 gene not associated with type 2 diabetes in a large Finnish cohort. Diabetes 2002; 51:1644-1648.
51. Wong TY, Szeto CC, Chow KM, et al. Contribution of gene polymorphisms in the renin-angiotensin system to macroangiopathy in patients with diabetic nephropathy. Am J Kidney Dis 2001; 38:9-17.
52. Araz M, Yilmaz N, Gungor K, et al. Angiotensin-converting enzyme gene polymorphism and microvascular complications in Turkish type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2001; 54:95-104.
53. Marcantoni C, Ma LJ, Federspiel C, Fogo AB. Hypertensive nephrosclerosis in African Americans versus Caucasians. Kidney Int 2002; 62:172-180. An interesting analysis of kidney biopsies with nephrosclerosis, which shows that biopsy changes are not predicted by blood pressure, suggesting that nephrosclerosis may result from a primary microvascular disease.
54. Boyle WA III, Parvathaneni LS, Bourlier V, et al. iNOS gene expression modulates microvascular responsiveness in endotoxin-challenged mice. Circ Res 2000; 87:E18-E24.
55. Bak S, Gaist D, Sindrup SH, et al. Genetic liability in stroke: a long-term follow-up study of Danish twins. Stroke 2002; 33:769-774.
56. Resnick HE, Rodriguez B, Havlik R, et al. Apo E genotype, diabetes, and peripheral arterial disease in older men: the Honolulu Asia-aging study. Genet Epidemiol 2000; 19:52-63.
57. Muller DN, Mervaala EM, Dechend R, et al. Angiotensin II (AT(1)) receptor blockade reduces vascular tissue factor in angiotensin II-induced cardiac vasculopathy. Am J Pathol 2000; 157:111-122.