Two inhibitors of DNA-synthesis lead to inhibition of cytokine production via a different mechanism

Nucleosides, Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids

Volumn 23, Issue 8-9, 2004, Pages 1089-1100

  De Lathouder, S ^a   Gerards, A H ^b   Dijkmans, B A C ^b   Aarden, L A ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF AMSTERDAM   (Netherlands)

^b VU UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Cytokines; Lymphocytes; Methotrexate; Mycophenolic acid; Rheumatoid arthritis

Indexed keywords

CYTOKINE; MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE; METHOTREXATE; MYCOPHENOLIC ACID;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; CARTILAGE CELL; CELL PROLIFERATION; CONFERENCE PAPER; CYTOKINE RELEASE; DNA SYNTHESIS INHIBITION; FIBROBLAST; GRAFT REJECTION; GROWTH REGULATION; HUMAN; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE TREATMENT; LYMPHOCYTE; MACROPHAGE ACTIVATION; MEDIATOR RELEASE; NONHUMAN; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; T LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVATION; TARGET CELL;

ANIMALS; APOPTOSIS; ARTHRITIS, RHEUMATOID; CYTOKINES; DNA; DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP, DRUG; HUMANS; HYPOXANTHINE; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENTS; LYMPHOCYTES; METHOTREXATE; MYCOPHENOLIC ACID; NUCLEIC ACID SYNTHESIS INHIBITORS;

ANIMALIA;

EID: 10344227208     PISSN: 15257770     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1081/NCN-200027365     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (55)

1. Harris, E.D. Etiology and pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. In Textbook of Rheumatology; Kelley, W.N., Harris, E.D., Ruddy, S., Sledge, C.B., Eds.; W.B. Saunders Company, 2003.
2. Arai, K.I.; Lee, F.; Miyajima, A.; Miyatake, S.; Arai, N.; Yokota, T. Cytokines: coordinators of immune and inflammatory responses. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 1990, 59, 783-836.
3. Choy, E.H.; Panayi, G.S. Cytokine pathways and joint inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis. N. Engl. J. Med. 2001, 344, 907-916.
4. Moreland, L.W.; Schiff, M.H.; Baumgartner, S.W.; Tindall, E.A.; Fleischmann, R.M.; Bulpitt, K.J.; Weaver, A.L.; Keystone, E.C.; Furst, D.E.; Mease, P.J.; Ruderman, E.M.; Horwitz, D.A.; Arkfeld, D.G.; Garrison, L.; Burge, D.J.; Blosch, C.M.; Lange, M.L.; McDonnell, N.D.; Weinblatt, M.E. Etanercept therapy in rheumatoid arthritis. A randomized, controlled trial. Ann. Intern. Med. 1999, 130, 478-486.
5. Weinblatt, M.E.; Kremer, J.M.; Bankhurst, A.D.; Bulpitt, K.J.; Fleischmann, R.M.; Fox, R.I.; Jackson, C.G.; Lange, M.; Burge, D.J. A trial of etanercept, a recombinant tumor necrosis factor receptor: Fc fusion protein, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving methotrexate [see comments]. N. Engl. J. Med. 1999, 340, 253-259.
6. Dinarello, C.A. Biologic basis for interleukin-1 in disease. Blood 1996, 87, 2095-2147.
7. Joosten, L.A.; Helsen, M.M.; van de Loo, F.A. Anticytokine treatment of established type II collagen-induced arthritis in DBA/1 mice. A comparative study using anti-TNF alpha, anti-IL-1 alpha/beta, and IL-1Ra. Arthritis Rheum. 1996, 39, 797-809.
8. Bertino, J.R. Karnofsky memorial lecture. Ode to methotrexate. J. Clin. Oncol. 1993, 11, 5-14.
9. Jansen, G. Receptor- and carrier-mediated transport systems for folates and antifolates. In Anticancer Drugs Development Guide: Anifolate Drugs in Cancer Therapy; Jackman, A.L., Ed.; Humana Press Inc.: Totowa, NJ, 1999; 293-321.
10. Antony, A.C. Folate receptors. Annu. Rev. Nutr. 1996, 16, 501-521.
11. Huennekens, F.M. The methotrexate story: a paradigm for development of cancer chemotherapeutic agents. Adv. Enzyme Regul. 1994, 34, 397-419.
12. Chabner, B.A.; Allegra, C.J.; Curt, G.A.; Clendeninn, N.J.; Baram, J.; Koizumi, S.; Drake, J.C.; Jolivet, J. Polyglutamation of methotrexate. Is methotrexate a prodrug? J. Clin. Invest. 1985, 76, 907-912.
13. Chu, E.; Drake, J.C.; Boarman, D.; Baram, J.; Allegra, C.J. Mechanism of thymidylate synthase inhibition by methotrexate in human neoplastic cell lines and normal human myeloid progenitor cells. J. Biol. Chem. 1990, 265, 8470-8478.
14. Allegra, C.J.; Hoang, K.; Yeh, G.C.; Drake, J.C.; Baram, J. Evidence for direct inhibition of de novo purine synthesis in human MCF-7 breast cells as a principal mode of metabolic inhibition by methotrexate. J. Biol. Chem. 1987, 262, 13520-13526.
15. Allegra, C.J.; Drake, J.C.; Jolivet, J.; Chabner, B.A. Inhibition of phosphoribosylaminoimidazolecarboxamide transformylase by methotrexate and dihydrofolic acid polyglutamates. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 1985, 82, 4881-4885.
16. Fairbanks, L.D.; Ruckemann, K.; Qiu, Y.; Hawrylowicz, C.M.; Richards, D.F.; Swaminathan, R.; Kirschbaum, B.; Simmonds, H.A. Methotrexate inhibits the first committed step of purine biosynthesis in mitogen-stimulated human T-lymphocytes: a metabolic basis for efficacy in rheumatoid arthritis? J. Biochem. 1999, 342 (Pt. 1), 143-152.
17. Gubner, R.; August, S.; Ginsberg, V. Therapeutic suppression of tissue reactivity. II. Effect of aminopterin in rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis. Am. J. Med. Sci. 1951, 221, 176-182.
18. Weinblatt, M.E.; Kaplan, H.; Germain, B.F.; Block, S.; Solomon, S.D.; Merriman, R.C.; Wolfe, F.; Wall, B.; Anderson, L.; Gall, E. Methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis. A five-year prospective multicenter study. Arthritis Rheum. 1994, 37, 1492-1498.
19. Thompson, R.N.; Watts, C.; Edelman, J.; Esdaile, J.; Russell, A.S. A controlled two-centre trial of parenteral methotrexate therapy for refractory rheumatoid arthritis. J. Rheumatol. 1984, 11, 760-763.
20. Shiroky, J.B.; Neville, C.; Esdaile, J.M.; Choquette, D.; Zummer, M.; Hazeltine, M.; Bykerk, V.; Kanji, M.; St.-Pierre, A.; Robidoux, L. Low-dose methotrexate with leucovorin (folinic acid) in the management of rheumatoid arthritis. Results of a multicenter randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Arthritis Rheum. 1993, 36, 795-803.
21. Williams, H.J.; Willkens, R.F.; Samuelson, C.O., Jr.; Alarcon, G.S.; Guttadauria, M.; Yarboro, C.; Polisson, R.P.; Weiner, S.R.; Luggen, M.E.; Billingsley, L.M. Comparison of low-dose oral pulse methotrexate and placebo in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. A controlled clinical trial. Arthritis Rheum. 1985, 28, 721-730.
22. Chan, E.S.L.; Cronstein, B.N. Molecular action of methotrexate in inflammatory diseases. Arthritis Res. 2002, 4, 266-273.
23. Montesinos, M.C.; Desai, A.; Delano, D.; Chen, J.F.; Fink, J.S.; Jacobson, M.A.; Cronstein, B.N. Adenosine A2A or A3 receptors are required for inhibition of inflammation by methotrexate and its analog MX-68. Arthritis Rheum. 2003, 48, 240-247.
24. Montesinos, M.C.; Yap, J.S.; Desai, A.; Posadas, I.; McCrary, C.T.; Cronstein, B.N. Reversal of the antiinflammatory effects of methotrexate by the nonselective adenosine receptor antagonists theophylline and caffeine: evidence that the antiinflammatory effects of methotrexate are mediated via multiple adenosine receptors in rat adjuvant arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2000, 43, 656-663.
25. Bouma, M.G.; Jeunhomme, T.M.; Boyle, D.L.; Dentener, M.A.; Voitenok, N.N.; van den Wildenberg, F.A.; Buurman, W.A. Adenosine inhibits neutrophil degranulation in activated human whole blood: involvement of adenosine A2 and A3 receptors. J. Immunol. 1997, 158, 5400-5408.
26. Ottonello, L.; Cutolo, M.; Frumento, G.; Arduino, N.; Bertolotto, M.; Mancini, M.; Sottofattori, E.; Dallegri, F. Synovial fluid from patients with rheumatoid arthritis inhibits neutrophil apoptosis: role of adenosine and proinflammatory cytokines. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2002, 41, 1249-1260.
27. Le Moine, O.; Stordeur, P.; Schandene, L.; Marchant, A.; de Groote, D.; Goldman, M.; Deviere, J. Adenosine enhances IL-10 secretion by human monocytes. J. Immunol. 1996, 156, 4408-4414.
28. Sajjadi, F.G.; Takabayashi, K.; Foster, A.C.; Domingo, R.C.; Firestein, G.S. Inhibition of TNF-alpha expression by adenosine: role of A3 adenosine receptors. J. Immunol. 1996, 156, 3435-3442.
29. Andersson, S.E.; Johansson, L.H.; Lexmuller, K.; Ekstrom, G.M. Anti-arthritic effect of methotrexate: is it really mediated by adenosine? Eur. J. Pharm. Sci. 2000, 9, 333-343.
30. Smolenska, Z.; Kaznowska, Z.; Zarowny, D.; Simmonds, H.A.; Smolenski, R.T. Effect of methotrexate on blood purine and pyrimidine levels in patients with rheumatiod arthritis. Rheumatology 1999, 38, 997-1002.
31. Genestier, L.; Paillot, R.; Fournel, S.; Ferraro, C.; Miossec, P.; Revillard, J.P. Immunosuppressive properties of methotrexate: apoptosis and clonal deletion of activated peripheral T cells. J. Clin. Invest. 1998, 102, 322-328.
32. Paillot, R.; Genestier, L.; Fournel, S.; Ferraro, C.; Miossec, P.; Revillard, J.P. Activation-dependent lymphocyte apoptosis induced by methotrexate. Transplant. Proc. 1998, 30, 2348-2350.
33. Izeradjene, K.; Revillard, J.P.; Genestier, L. Inhibition of thymidine synthesis by folate analogues induces a Fas-Fas ligand-independent deletion of superantigen-reactive peripheral T cells. Int. Immunol. 2001, 13, 85-93.
34. Gerards, A.H.; de Lathouder, S.; de Groot, E.R.; Dijkmans, B.A.; Aarden, L.A. Inhibition of cytokine production by methotrexate-studies in healthy volunteers and patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology 2003, 42, 1189-1196.
35. de Lathouder, S.; Gerards, A.H.; de Groot, E.R.; Valkhof, M.; Aarden, L.A. Mycophenolic acid and methotrexate inhibit lymphocyte cytokine production via different mechanisms. Eur. Cytokine Netw. 2002, 13, 317-323.
36. Allison, A.C.; Kowalski, W.J.; Muller, C.D.; Eugui, E.M. Mechanisms of action of mycophenolic acid. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1993, 696, 63-87.
37. European Mycophenolate Mofetil Cooperative Study Group. Mycophenolate mofetil in renal transplantation: 3-year results from the placebo-controlled trial. European Mycophenolate Mofetil Cooperative Study Group. Transplantation 1999, 68, 391-396.
38. van Gelder, T.; Hilbrands, L.B.; Vanrenterghem, Y.; Weimar, W.; de Fijter, J.W.; Squifflet, J.P.; Hene, R.J.; Verpooten, G.A.; Navarro, M.T.; Hale, M.D.; Nicholls, A.J. A randomized double-blind, multicenter plasma concentration controlled study of the safety and efficacy of oral mycophenolate mofetil for the prevention of acute rejection after kidney transplantation. Transplantation 1999, 68, 261-266.
39. Goldblum, R. Therapy of rheumatiod arthritis with mycophenolate mofetil. Clin. Exp. Rheumatol. 1993, 11, s117-s119.
40. Schiff, M.H.; Leishman, B. CellCept (mycophenolate mofetil-MMF), a new treatment for RA: a 12-week, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled withdrawal trial. Arthritis Rheum. 1998, 41, S364 (abstr.).
41. Hildner, K.; Marker-Hermann, E.; Schlaak, J.F.; Becker, C.; Germann, T.; Schmitt, E.; Meyer, Z.B.K.; Neurath, M.F. Azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, and methotrexate specifically modulate cytokine production by T cells. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1998, 859, 204-207.
42. Lemster, B.; Woo, J.; Strednak, J.; Wang, S.C.; Todo, S.; Thomson, A.W. Cytokine gene expression in murine lymphocytes activated in the presence of FK 506, bredinin, mycophenolic acid, or brequinar sodium. Transplant. Proc. 1992, 24, 2845-2846.
43. Nagy, S.E.; Andersson, J.P.; Andersson, U.G. Effect of mycophenolate mofetil (RS-61443) on cytokine production: inhibition of superantigen-induced cytokines. Immunopharmacology 1993, 26, 11-20.
44. Laliberté, J.; Yee, A.; Xiong, Y.; Mitchell, B.S. Effects of guanine nucleotide depletion on cell cycle progression in human T lymphocytes. Blood 1998, 91, 2896-2904.
45. Gummert, J.F.; Barten, M.J.; Sherwood, S.W.; van Gelder, T.; Morris, R.E. Pharmacodynamics of immunosuppression by mycophenolic acid: inhibition of both lymphocyte proliferation and activation correlates with pharmacokinetics. J. Pharmacol. Exp. 1999, 291, 1100-1112.
46. Eugui, E.M.; Almquist, S.J.; Muller, C.D.; Allison, A.C. Lymphocyte-selective cytostatic and immunosuppressive effects of mycophenolic acid in vitro: role of deoxyguanosine nucleotide depletion. Scand. J. Immunol. 1991, 33, 161-173.
47. Quemeneur, L.; Flacher, M.; Gerland, L.M.; Ffrench, M.; Revillard, J.P.; Bonnefoy-Berard, N. Mycophenolic acid inhibits IL-2-dependent T cell proliferation, but not IL-2-dependent survival and sensitization to apoptosis. J. Immunol. 2002, 169, 2747-2755.
48. Cohn, R.G.; Mirkovich, A.; Dunlap, B.; Burton, P.; Chiu, S.H.; Eugui, E.; Caulfield, J.P. Mycophenolic acid increases apoptosis, lysosomes and lipid droplets in human lymphoid and monocytic cell lines. Transplantation 1999, 68, 411-418.
49. Akira, S. Mammalian toll-like receptors. Curr. Opin. Immunol. 2003, 15, 5-11.
50. Rubartelli, A.; Cozzolino, F.; Talio, M.; Sitia, R. A novel secretory pathway for interleukin-1 beta, a protein lacking a signal sequence. EMBO J. 1990, 9, 1503-1510.
51. Thornberry, N.A.; Bull, H.G.; Calaycay, J.R.; Chapman, K.T.; Howard, A.D.; Kostura, M.J.; Miller, D.K.; Molineaux, S.M.; Weidner, J.R.; Aunins, J. A novel heterodimeric cysteine protease is required for interleukin-1 beta processing in monocytes. Nature 1992, 356, 768-774.
52. Dinarello, C.A. Interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-18, and the interleukin-1 beta converting enzyme. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1998, 856, 1-11.
53. Laliberte, R.E.; Eggler, J.; Gabel, C.A. ATP treatment of human monocytes promotes caspase-1 maturation and externalization. J. Biol. Chem. 1999, 274, 36944-36951.
54. Perregaux, D.G.; McNiff, P.; Laliberte, R.; Conklyn, M.; Gabel, C.A. ATP acts as an agonist to promote stimulus-induced secretion of IL-1 beta and IL-18 in human blood. J. Immunol. 2000, 165, 4615-4623.
55. MacKenzie, A.; Wilson, H.L.; Kiss-Toth, E.; Dower, S.K.; North, R.A.; Surprenant, A. Rapid secretion of interleukin-1beta by microvesicle shedding. Immunity 2001, 15, 825-835.