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The ionization potentials of BA2, CBP, and α-NPD have been determined by photoelectron spectroscopy to be 5.64, 5.86, and 5.25 eV respectively. These results indicate a larger barrier for hole injection from the α-NPD layer to CBP, relative to BA2. The fact that emission from the CBP/BA2 layer is observed instead of the SAlq layer reflects the increased barrier to injection.
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