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The STM system is a variation of one described in (41).
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In general, STM dI/dV maps can be strongly affected by topographical effects. However, Fig. 4 gives a good idea of the relative contribution of particular electronic states to the total differential conductance.
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35
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The origin of the shoulder observed for each peak is unclear at present. However, we found that the splitting between the main peak and the shoulder is nearly identical (∼200 mV) within our experimental error for all individual molecules as well as assembled hybrid structures, including those in Fig. 2. Therefore, we treat these shoulders as satellites of the main peaks.
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In support of the absence of strong chemical interaction, CuPc molecules on NiAl(110) could be easily perturbed by the STM tip, and often were transferred to the bare tip when manipulation was attempted. The work function of NiAl(110) is similar to that of the noble metals (within 0.5 eV), and the alignment of molecular states with respect to the Fermi energy is expected to be similar to that of CuPc on noble metals (42).
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4h symmetry representation of a free molecule, even though upon adsorption onto the NiAl surface, the molecular symmetry is lowered and molecular states are hybridized with the NiAl states.
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This material is based on work supported by the Chemical Science, Geo- and Bioscience Division, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy (grant DE-FG03-01ER15157) and the National Science Foundation (grant 0102887).
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