Consumption of a functional oil rich in phytosterols and medium-chain triglyceride oil improves plasma lipid profiles in men

Journal of Nutrition

Volumn 133, Issue 6, 2003, Pages 1815-1820

  St Onge, Marie Pierre ^b   Lamarche, Benoît ^a   Mauger, Jean François ^a   Jones, Peter J H ^b  

^a UNIVERSITÉ LAVAL   (Canada)

^b NONE

Author keywords

Cholesterol; Lipoproteins; Low density lipoprotein cholesterol; Medium chain triglycerides; Phytosterols

Indexed keywords

LINSEED OIL; LIPID; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; MEDIUM CHAIN TRIACYLGLYCEROL; OLIVE OIL; PHYTOSTEROL;

ADULT; ARTICLE; BODY COMPOSITION; BODY MASS; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; CROSSOVER PROCEDURE; ENERGY EXPENDITURE; HUMAN; HYPERLIPIDEMIA; LIPID ANALYSIS; LIPID BLOOD LEVEL; LIPID DIET; MALE; OBESITY; PARTICLE SIZE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL;

EID: 0038653527     PISSN: 00223166     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/jn/133.6.1815     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Baba, N., Bracco, F. & Hashim, S. A. (1982) Enhanced thermogenesis and diminished deposition of fat in response to overfeeding with diet containing medium chain triglyceride. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 35: 678-682.
2. Geliebter, A., Torbay, N., Bracco, E. F., Hashim, S. A. & Van Itallie, T. B. (1983) Overfeeding with medium-chain triglyceride diet results in diminished deposition of fat. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 37: 1-4.
3. Lasekan, J. B., Rivera, J., Hirvonen, M. D., Keesey, R. E. & Ney, D. M. (1992) Energy expenditure in rats maintained with intravenous or intragastric infusion of total parenteral nutrition solutions containing medium- or long-chain triglyceride emulsions. J. Nutr. 122: 1483-1492.
4. Rothwell, N. J. & Stock, M. J. (1987) Stimulation of thermogenesis and brown fat activity in rats fed medium chain triglyceride. Metabolism 36: 128-130.
5. Dulloo, A. G., Fathi, M., Mensi, N. & Girardier L. (1996) Twenty-four-hour energy expenditure and urinary catecholamines of humans consuming low-to-moderate amounts of medium-chain triacylglycerides: a dose-response study in a human respiratory chamber. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 50: 152-158.
6. Seaton, T. B., Welle, S. L., Warenko, M. K. & Campbell, R. G. (1986) Thermic effect of medium-chain and long-chain triglycerides in man. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 44: 630-634.
7. Scalfi, L., Coltorti, A. & Contaldo, F. (1991) Postprandial thermogenesis in lean and obese subjects after meals supplemented with medium-chain and long-chain triglycerides. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 53: 1130-1133.
8. St-Onge, M.-P., Bourque, C., Jones, P.J.H., Ross, R. & Parsons, W. D. (2003) Medium- versus long-chain triacylglycerides for 27 days increases fat oxidation and energy expenditure without resulting in changes in body composition in overweight women. Int. J. Obes. 27: 95-102.
9. St-Onge, M.-P. & Jones P.J.H. (2002) Medium chain triglyceride consumption increases energy expenditure relative to long chain triglyceride in overweight men. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 75(suppl. 2): 340S (abs.).
10. White, M., Papamandjaris, A. A. & Jones, P.J.H. (1999) Enhanced postprandial energy expenditure with medium-chain fatty acid feeding is attenuated after 14 d in premenopausal women. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 69: 883-889.
11. Cater, N. B., Heller, H. J. & Denke, M. A. (1997) Comparison of the effects of medium-chain triacylglycerols, palm oil, and high oleic acid sunflower oil on plasma triacylglyceride fatty acids and lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in humans. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 65: 41-45.
12. Hill, J. O., Peters, J. C., Yang, D., Sharp, T., Kaler, M., Abumrad, N. N. & Greene, H. L. (1989) Thermogenesis in humans during overfeeding with medium-chain triglycerides. Metabolism 38: 641-648.
13. Swift, L. L., Hill, J. O., Peters, J. C. & Greene, H. L. (1992) Plasma lipids and lipoproteins during 6 d of maintenance feeding with long-chain, medium-chain, and mixed-chain triglycerides. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 56: 881-886.
14. Cunnane, S. C., Ganguli, S., Menard, C., Liede, A. C., Hamadeh, M. J., Chen, Z.-Y., Wolever, T.M.S. & Jenkins, D.J.A. (1993) High alpha-linolenic acid flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum): some nutritional properties in humans. Br. J. Nutr. 69: 443-453.
15. Hendriks, H.F.J., Weststrate, J. H., Van Vliet, T. & Meijer, G. W. (1999) Spreads enriched with three different levels of vegetable oil sterols and the degree of cholesterol lowering in normocholesteraemic and mildly hypercholesterolaemic subjects. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 53: 319-327.
16. Jones, P.J.H., Ntanios, F. Y., Raeini-Sarjaz, M. & Vanstone, C. A. (1999) Cholesterol-lowering efficacy of a sitostanol-containing phytosterol mixture with a prudent diet in hyperlipidemic men. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 69: 1144-1150.
17. Jones, P. J., Raieni-Sarjaz, M., Ntanios, F. Y., Vanstone, C. A., Feng, J. Y. & Parsons, W. E. (2000) Modulation of plasma lipid levels and cholesterol kinetics by phytosterol versus phytostanol esters. J. Lipid Res. 41: 697-705.
18. Jones, P.J.H. & Kubow, S. (1999) Lipids, sterols, and their metabolites. In: Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease, 9th ed. (Shils, M. E., Olson, J. A., Shike, M. & Ross, A. C., eds.), p. 71. Lippincott/Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, MD.
19. Mifflin, M. D., St-Jeor, S. T., Hill, L. A., Scott, B. J., Daugherty, S. A. & Koh, Y. O. (1990) A new predictive equation for resting energy expenditure in healthy individuals. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 51: 241-247.
20. St-Onge, M.-P., Ross, R. & Jones, P.J.H. (2003) Consumption of a functional oil containing medium chain triglycerides by overweight men increases energy expenditure and decreases body adiposity compared to a diet rich in olive oil. Obes. Res. 11: 395-402.
21. Friedewald, W. T., Levy, R. I. & Fredrickson, D. S. (1972) Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin. Chem. 18: 499-502.
22. St-Pierre, A. C., Ruel, I. L., Cantin, B., Dagenais, G. R., Bernard, P.-M., Després, J.-P. & Lamarche, B. (2001) Comparison of various electrophoretic characteristics of LDL particles and their relationship to the risk of ischemic heart disease. Circulation 104: 2295-2299.
23. Tchernof, A., Lamarche, B., Prud'homme, D., Nadeau, D., Moorjani, S., Labrie, F., Lupien, P. J. & Després, J.-P. (1996) The dense LDL phenotype: association with plasma lipoprotein levels, visceral obesity, and hyperinsulinemia in men. Diabetes Care 19: 629-637.
24. Matvienko, O. A., Lewis, D. S., Swanson, M., Arndt, B., Rainwater, D. L., Stewart, J. & Alekel, D. L. (2002) A single dose of soybean phytosterols in ground beef decreases serum total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol in young, mildly hypercholesterolemic men. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 76: 57-64.
25. Kratz, M., Gülbahçe, E., von Eckardstein, A., Cullen, P., Cignarella, A., Assmann, G. & Wahrburg, U. (2002) Dietary mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids similarly affect LDL size in healthy men and women. J. Nutr. 132: 715-718.
26. Stark, A. H. & Madar, Z. (2002) Olive oil as a functional food: epidemiology and nutritional approaches. Nutr. Rev. 6: 170-176.
27. Goodpaster, B. H., Thaete, F. L. & Kelley, D. E. (2000a) Thigh adipose tissue distribution is associated with insulin resistance in obesity and in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 71: 885-892.
28. Goodpaster, B. H., Theriault, R., Watkins, S. C. & Kelley, D. E. (2000b) Intramuscular lipid content is increased in obesity and decreased by weight loss, Metabolism 49: 467-472.
29. Goodpaster, B. H., Thaete, F. L., Simoneau, J.-A. & Kelley, D. E. (1997) Subcutaneous abdominal fat and thigh muscle composition predict insulin sensitivity independently of visceral fat. Diabetes 46: 1579-1585.
30. Phillips, D.I.W., Caddy, S., Illic, V., Fielding, B. A., Frayn, K. N., Borthwick, A. C. & Taylor, R. (1996) Intramuscular triglyceride and muscle insulin sensitivity: evidence for a relationship in nondiabetic subjects. Metabolism 45: 947-950.
31. Kris-Etherton, P. M. & Yu, S. (1997) Individual fatty acid effects on plasma lipids and lipoproteins: human studies. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 65S: 1628S-1644S.
32. Nydahl, W. S. (1997) (n-3) Fatty acids and serum lipoproteins: human studies. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 65S: 1645S-1654S.
33. Grundy, S. M. (1986) Comparison of monounsaturated fatty acids and carbohydrates for lowering plasma cholesterol. N. Engl. J. Med. 314: 745-748.
34. Howell, T. J., MacDougall, D. E. & Jones, P.J.H. (1998) Phytosterols partially explain difference in cholesterol metabolism caused by corn or olive feeding. J. Lipid Res. 39: 892-900.
35. Nicolosi, R. J., Wilson, T. A., Rogers, E. J. & Kritchevsky, D. (1998) Effects of specific fatty acids (8:0, 14:0, cis-18:1, trans-18:1) on plasma lipoproteins, early atherogenic potential, and LDL oxidative properties in the hamster. J. Lipid Res. 39: 1972-1980.
36. Kelley, D. S., Nelson, G. J., Love, J. E., Branch, L. B., Taylor, P. C., Schmidt, P. C., Mackey, B. E. & Iacono, J. M. (1993) Dietary α-linolenic acid alters tissue fatty acid composition but not blood lipids, lipoprotein, or coagulation status in humans. Lipids 28: 533-537.
37. Layne, K. S., Gon, Y. K., Jumpsen, J. A., Ryan, E. A., Chow, P. & Clandinin, M. T. (1996) Normal subjects consuming physiological levels of 18:3(n-3) and 20:5(n-3) from flaxseed or fish oils have characteristic differences in plasma lipids and lipoprotein fatty acid levels. J. Nutr. 126: 2130-2140.
38. Pang, D., Allman-Farinelli, M. A., Wong, T., Carnes, R. & Kingham, K. M. (1998) Replacement of linoleic acid with α-linolenic acid does not alter blood lipids in normolipidaemic men. Br. J. Nutr. 80: 163-167.
39. Singer, P., Berger, I., Wirth, M., Godicke, W., Jaeger, W. & Voigt, S. (1986) Slow desaturation and elongation of linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids as a rationale of eicosapentanoic acid-rich diet to lower blood pressure and serum lipids in normal, hypertensive and hyperlipemic subjects. Prostaglandins Leukot. Med. 24: 173-193.
40. Indu, M. & Ghafoorunissa. (1992) n-3 Fatty acids in Indian diets - comparison of the effects of precursor (alpha-linolenic acid) vs product (long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids). Nutr. Res. 12: 569-582.
41. Pedersen, A., Baumstark, M. W., Marckmann, P., Gylling, H. & Sanström, B. (2000) An olive oil-rich diet results in higher concentrations of LDL cholesterol and a higher number of LDL subfraction particles than rapeseed oil and sunflower oil diets. J. Lipid Res. 41: 1901-1911.
42. de Deckere, E.A.M., Korver, O., Verschren, P. M. & Katan, M. B. (1998) Health aspects of fish and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids from plant and marine origin. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 59: 749-753.
43. Austin, M. A., Breslow, J. L., Hennekens, C. H., Buring, J. E., Willet, W. S. & Krauss, R. M. (1988) Low-density lipoprotein subclass patterns and risk of myocardial infarction. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 260: 1917-1921.
44. Campos, H., Genest, J. J., Blijlevens, E., McNamara, J. R., Jenner, J. L., Ordovas, J. M., Wilson, P. W. & Schaefer, E. J. (1992) Low density lipoprotein particle size and coronary artery disease. Arterioscler. Thromb. 12: 187-195.
45. Lamarche, B., Tchernof, A., Moorjani, S., Cantin, B., Dagenais, G. R., Lupien, P. J. & Després, J.-P. (1997) Small, dense low-density lipoprotein particles as a predictor of the risk of ischemic heart disease in men. Circulation 95: 69-75.