메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 17, Issue 8, 2003, Pages 1563-1570

The ability of atypical antipsychotic drugs vs. haloperidol to protect PC12 cells against MPP+-induced apoptosis

Author keywords

Antipsychotics; Cell culture; Cell death; DNA fragmentation

Indexed keywords

1 METHYL 4 PHENYLPYRIDINIUM; 4 [5 (4 METHYL 1 PIPERAZINYL)[2,5' BI 1H BENZIMIDAZOL] 2' YL]PHENOL; ATYPICAL ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENT; CLOZAPINE; COPPER ZINC SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE; HALOPERIDOL; OLANZAPINE; QUETIAPINE; RISPERIDONE;

EID: 0038018122     PISSN: 0953816X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1460-9568.2003.02590.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (137)

References (51)
  • 1
    • 0022922681 scopus 로고
    • Typical and atypical antipsychotic occupancy of D2 and S2 receptors: An autoradiographic analysis in rat brain
    • Altar, C.A., Wasley, A.M., Neale, R.F. & Stone, G.A. (1986) Typical and atypical antipsychotic occupancy of D2 and S2 receptors: an autoradiographic analysis in rat brain. Brain Res. Bull., 16, 517-525.
    • (1986) Brain Res. Bull. , vol.16 , pp. 517-525
    • Altar, C.A.1    Wasley, A.M.2    Neale, R.F.3    Stone, G.A.4
  • 2
    • 0029165098 scopus 로고
    • Differential effects of classical and newer antipsychotics on the hypermofility induced by two dose levels of d-amphetamine
    • Arnt, J. (1995) Differential effects of classical and newer antipsychotics on the hypermofility induced by two dose levels of d-amphetamine. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 283, 55-62.
    • (1995) Eur. J. Pharmacol. , vol.283 , pp. 55-62
    • Arnt, J.1
  • 3
    • 0032007608 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do novel antipsychotics have similar pharmacological characteristics? A review of the evidence
    • Arnt, J. & Skarsfeldt, T. (1998) Do novel antipsychotics have similar pharmacological characteristics? A review of the evidence. Neuropsychopharmacology, 18, 63-101.
    • (1998) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.18 , pp. 63-101
    • Arnt, J.1    Skarsfeldt, T.2
  • 4
    • 0037100215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protective effects of atypical antipsychotic drugs on PC12 cells after serum withdrawal
    • Bai, O., Wei, Z.L., Lu, W., Bowen, R., Keegan, D. & Li, X.M. (2002) Protective effects of atypical antipsychotic drugs on PC12 cells after serum withdrawal. J. Neurosci. Res., 69, 278-283.
    • (2002) J. Neurosci. Res. , vol.69 , pp. 278-283
    • Bai, O.1    Wei, Z.L.2    Lu, W.3    Bowen, R.4    Keegan, D.5    Li, X.M.6
  • 5
    • 0030009712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative stress-resistant cells are protected against haloperidol toxicity
    • Behl, C., Lezoualc'h, F., Widmann, M., Rupprecht, F. & Holsboer, F. (1996) Oxidative stress-resistant cells are protected against haloperidol toxicity. Brain Res., 717, 193-195.
    • (1996) Brain Res. , vol.717 , pp. 193-195
    • Behl, C.1    Lezoualc'h, F.2    Widmann, M.3    Rupprecht, F.4    Holsboer, F.5
  • 6
    • 0029416836 scopus 로고
    • Haloperidol-induced cell death-mechanism and protection with vitamin E in vitro
    • Behl, C., Rupprecht, R., Skutella, T. & Holsboer, F. (1995) Haloperidol-induced cell death-mechanism and protection with vitamin E in vitro. Neuroreport, 7, 360-364.
    • (1995) Neuroreport , vol.7 , pp. 360-364
    • Behl, C.1    Rupprecht, R.2    Skutella, T.3    Holsboer, F.4
  • 7
    • 0028785179 scopus 로고
    • New insights into the biology of schizophrenia through the mechanism of action of clozapine
    • Brunello, N., Masotto, C., Steardo, L., Markstein, R. & Racagni, G. (1995) New insights into the biology of schizophrenia through the mechanism of action of clozapine. Neuropsychopharmacology, 13, 177-213.
    • (1995) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.13 , pp. 177-213
    • Brunello, N.1    Masotto, C.2    Steardo, L.3    Markstein, R.4    Racagni, G.5
  • 8
    • 0028580222 scopus 로고
    • Free radical mechanisms in schizophrenia and tardive dyskinesia
    • Cadet, J.L. & Kahler, L.A. (1994) Free radical mechanisms in schizophrenia and tardive dyskinesia. Neurosci. Behav. Res., 18, 457-467.
    • (1994) Neurosci. Behav. Res. , vol.18 , pp. 457-467
    • Cadet, J.L.1    Kahler, L.A.2
  • 11
    • 0034061290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tardive dyskinesia: Pathophysiology and animal models
    • Casey, D.E. (2000) Tardive dyskinesia: pathophysiology and animal models. J. Clin. Psychiat., 61, 5-9.
    • (2000) J. Clin. Psychiat. , vol.61 , pp. 5-9
    • Casey, D.E.1
  • 12
    • 0031842356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pramipexole reduces reactive oxygen species production in vivo and in vitro and inhibits the mitochondrial permeability transition produced by the parkinsonian neurotoxin methylpyridinium iota
    • Cassarino, D.S., Fall, C.P., Smith, T.S. & Bennett, J.P. Jr (1998) Pramipexole reduces reactive oxygen species production in vivo and in vitro and inhibits the mitochondrial permeability transition produced by the parkinsonian neurotoxin methylpyridinium iota. J. Neurochem., 71, 295-301.
    • (1998) J. Neurochem. , vol.71 , pp. 295-301
    • Cassarino, D.S.1    Fall, C.P.2    Smith, T.S.3    Bennett J.P., Jr.4
  • 14
    • 0026598930 scopus 로고
    • Irreversible inhibition of mitochondrial complex I by I-methyl-4phenylpyridinidium: Evidence for free radical involvement
    • Cleeter, M.W., Cooper, J.M. & Schapira, H.V. (1992) Irreversible inhibition of mitochondrial complex I by I-methyl-4phenylpyridinidium: evidence for free radical involvement. J. Neurochem., 58, 786-789.
    • (1992) J. Neurochem. , vol.58 , pp. 786-789
    • Cleeter, M.W.1    Cooper, J.M.2    Schapira, H.V.3
  • 15
    • 0026345867 scopus 로고
    • Apoptosis and DNA degradation induced by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinum in neurons
    • Dipasquale, B., Marini, A.M. & Youle, R.J. (1991) Apoptosis and DNA degradation induced by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinum in neurons. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commum., 181, 1442-1448.
    • (1991) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commum. , vol.181 , pp. 1442-1448
    • Dipasquale, B.1    Marini, A.M.2    Youle, R.J.3
  • 16
    • 0030984429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Involvement of a caspase-3-like cysteine protease in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium-mediated apoptosis of cultured cerebellar granule neurons
    • Du, Y., Dodel, R.C., Bales, K.R., Jemmerson, R., Hamilton-Byrd, E. & Paul, S.M. (1997) Involvement of a caspase-3-like cysteine protease in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium-mediated apoptosis of cultured cerebellar granule neurons. J. Neurochem., 69, 1382-1388.
    • (1997) J. Neurochem. , vol.69 , pp. 1382-1388
    • Du, Y.1    Dodel, R.C.2    Bales, K.R.3    Jemmerson, R.4    Hamilton-Byrd, E.5    Paul, S.M.6
  • 17
    • 0033372844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tardive dyskinesia: Possible involvement of free radicals and treatment with vitamin E
    • Elkashef, A.M. & Wyatt, R.J. (1999) Tardive dyskinesia: possible involvement of free radicals and treatment with vitamin E. Schizophr. Bull., 25, 731-740.
    • (1999) Schizophr. Bull. , vol.25 , pp. 731-740
    • Elkashef, A.M.1    Wyatt, R.J.2
  • 18
    • 0026718710 scopus 로고
    • Positron emission tomographic analysis of central D1 and D2 dopamine receptor occupancy in patients treated with classic neuroleptics and clozapine. Relation to extrapyramidal side effects
    • Farde, L., Nordström, A.L., Wiesel, F.A., Pauli, S., Halldin, C. & Sedvall, G. (1992) Positron emission tomographic analysis of central D1 and D2 dopamine receptor occupancy in patients treated with classic neuroleptics and clozapine. Relation to extrapyramidal side effects. Arch. General Psychiatry, 49, 538-544.
    • (1992) Arch. General Psychiatry , vol.49 , pp. 538-544
    • Farde, L.1    Nordström, A.L.2    Wiesel, F.A.3    Pauli, S.4    Halldin, C.5    Sedvall, G.6
  • 19
    • 0017727949 scopus 로고
    • Release, storage and uptake of catecholamine by a clonal cell line of nerve growth factor (NGF) responsive phenochromocytoma cells
    • Greene, L.A. & Rein, G. (1977) Release, storage and uptake of catecholamine by a clonal cell line of nerve growth factor (NGF) responsive phenochromocytoma cells. Brain Res., 129, 247-263.
    • (1977) Brain Res. , vol.129 , pp. 247-263
    • Greene, L.A.1    Rein, G.2
  • 20
    • 0001419099 scopus 로고
    • PC12 pheochromocytoma cultures in neurobiological research
    • Greene, L.A. & Tischler, A. (1982) PC12 pheochromocytoma cultures in neurobiological research. Adv. Cell. Neurobiol., 3, 373-414.
    • (1982) Adv. Cell. Neurobiol. , vol.3 , pp. 373-414
    • Greene, L.A.1    Tischler, A.2
  • 21
    • 0027324378 scopus 로고
    • Mutagenesis by 8-oxoguanine: An enemy within
    • Grollman, A.P. & Moriya, M. (1993) Mutagenesis by 8-oxoguanine: an enemy within. Trends Genet., 9, 246-249.
    • (1993) Trends Genet. , vol.9 , pp. 246-249
    • Grollman, A.P.1    Moriya, M.2
  • 22
    • 0034689567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deoxyxanthasine in DNA in Escherichia coli endonuclease V
    • He, B., Qing, H. & Kow, Y.W. (2000) Deoxyxanthasine in DNA in Escherichia coli endonuclease V. Mutation Res., 459, 109-114.
    • (2000) Mutation Res. , vol.459 , pp. 109-114
    • He, B.1    Qing, H.2    Kow, Y.W.3
  • 23
    • 0032541001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protective effects of nicergoline against hydrogen peroxide toxicity in rat neuronal cell line
    • Iwata, E., Miyazaki, I., Asanuma, M, Iida, A. & Ogawa, N. (1998) Protective effects of nicergoline against hydrogen peroxide toxicity in rat neuronal cell line. Neurosci. Lett., 251, 49-52.
    • (1998) Neurosci. Lett. , vol.251 , pp. 49-52
    • Iwata, E.1    Miyazaki, I.2    Asanuma, M.3    Iida, A.4    Ogawa, N.5
  • 24
    • 0032982714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the 5-HT2 and D2 receptor occupancy of clozapine, risperidone, and olanzapine in schizophrenia: Clinical and theoretical implications
    • Kapur, S., Zipursky, R.B. & Remington, G. (1999) Comparison of the 5-HT2 and D2 receptor occupancy of clozapine, risperidone, and olanzapine in schizophrenia: clinical and theoretical implications. Am. J. Psychiatry, 156, 286-293.
    • (1999) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.156 , pp. 286-293
    • Kapur, S.1    Zipursky, R.B.2    Remington, G.3
  • 25
    • 0029927536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of action of atypical antipsychotic drugs: A critical analysis
    • Kinon, B.J. & Lieberman, J.A. (1996) Mechanisms of action of atypical antipsychotic drugs: a critical analysis. Psychopharmacology (Berl.), 124, 2-34.
    • (1996) Psychopharmacology (Berl.) , vol.124 , pp. 2-34
    • Kinon, B.J.1    Lieberman, J.A.2
  • 26
    • 0033118431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential effects of olanzapine on the gene expression of superoxide dismutase and the low affinity nerve growth factor receptor
    • Li, X.M., Chlan-Fourney, J., Juorio, A.V., Bennett, V.L., Shrikhande, S., Keegan, D.L., Qi, J. & Boulton, A.A. (1999) Differential effects of olanzapine on the gene expression of superoxide dismutase and the low affinity nerve growth factor receptor. J. Neurosci. Res., 56, 72-75.
    • (1999) J. Neurosci. Res. , vol.56 , pp. 72-75
    • Li, X.M.1    Chlan-Fourney, J.2    Juorio, A.V.3    Bennett, V.L.4    Shrikhande, S.5    Keegan, D.L.6    Qi, J.7    Boulton, A.A.8
  • 27
    • 0032527599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 1-Deprenyl potentiates NGF-induced changes in superoxide dismutase mRNA in PC12 cells
    • Li, X.M., Juorio, A.V., Qi, J. & Boulton, A.A. (1998) 1-Deprenyl potentiates NGF-induced changes in superoxide dismutase mRNA in PC12 cells. J. Neurosci. Res., 53, 235-238.
    • (1998) J. Neurosci. Res. , vol.53 , pp. 235-238
    • Li, X.M.1    Juorio, A.V.2    Qi, J.3    Boulton, A.A.4
  • 28
    • 0029789253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cholinergic stimulation of AP-1 and NFκB transcription factors is differentially sensitive to oxidative stress in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma: Relationship to phosphoinositide hydrolysis
    • Li, X.H., Song, L. & Jope, R.S. (1996) Cholinergic stimulation of AP-1 and NFκB transcription factors is differentially sensitive to oxidative stress in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma: relationship to phosphoinositide hydrolysis. J. Neurosci., 16, 5914-5922.
    • (1996) J. Neurosci. , vol.16 , pp. 5914-5922
    • Li, X.H.1    Song, L.2    Jope, R.S.3
  • 29
    • 0037150781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrogen peroxide-induced cell death in cultured aplysia sensory neurons
    • Lim, C.S., Lee, J.C., Kim, S.D., Chang, D.J. & Kaang, B.K. (2002) Hydrogen peroxide-induced cell death in cultured aplysia sensory neurons. Brain Res., 941, 137-145.
    • (2002) Brain Res. , vol.941 , pp. 137-145
    • Lim, C.S.1    Lee, J.C.2    Kim, S.D.3    Chang, D.J.4    Kaang, B.K.5
  • 30
    • 0035033906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative stress and role of antioxidant and omega-3 essential fatty acid supplementation in schizophrenia
    • Mahadik, S.P., Evans, D. & Lal, H. (2001) Oxidative stress and role of antioxidant and omega-3 essential fatty acid supplementation in schizophrenia. Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry, 25, 463-493.
    • (2001) Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry , vol.25 , pp. 463-493
    • Mahadik, S.P.1    Evans, D.2    Lal, H.3
  • 32
    • 0021810979 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of NADH-linked oxidation in brain mitochondria by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine, a metabolite of the neurotoxin, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine
    • Nicklas, W.J., Vyas, L. & Heikkila, R.E. (1985) Inhibition of NADH-linked oxidation in brain mitochondria by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine, a metabolite of the neurotoxin, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine. Life Sci., 36, 2503-2508.
    • (1985) Life Sci. , vol.36 , pp. 2503-2508
    • Nicklas, W.J.1    Vyas, L.2    Heikkila, R.E.3
  • 33
    • 0033773187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Haloperidol-induced neuronal apoptosis: Role of p38 and c-Jun-NH2-terminal protein kinase
    • Noh, J.S., Kang, H.J., Kim, E.Y., Sohn, S., Chung, Y.K., Kim, S.U. & Gwag, B.J. (2000) Haloperidol-induced neuronal apoptosis: role of p38 and c-Jun-NH2-terminal protein kinase. J. Neurochem., 75, 2327-2334.
    • (2000) J. Neurochem. , vol.75 , pp. 2327-2334
    • Noh, J.S.1    Kang, H.J.2    Kim, E.Y.3    Sohn, S.4    Chung, Y.K.5    Kim, S.U.6    Gwag, B.J.7
  • 34
    • 0022353536 scopus 로고
    • The specific vulnerability of the substantia nigra to MPTP is related to the presence of transition metals
    • Poirier. J., Donaldson, J. & Barbeau, A. (1985) The specific vulnerability of the substantia nigra to MPTP is related to the presence of transition metals. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 128, 25-33.
    • (1985) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. , vol.128 , pp. 25-33
    • Poirier, J.1    Donaldson, J.2    Barbeau, A.3
  • 35
    • 0032531429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of NF-κB activity during haloperidol-induced oxidative toxicity in clonal hippocampal cells: Suppression of NF-κB and neuroprotection by antioxidants
    • Post, A., Holsboer, F. & Behl, C. (1998) induction of NF-κB activity during haloperidol-induced oxidative toxicity in clonal hippocampal cells: suppression of NF-κB and neuroprotection by antioxidants. J. Neurosci., 18, 8236-8246.
    • (1998) J. Neurosci. , vol.18 , pp. 8236-8246
    • Post, A.1    Holsboer, F.2    Behl, C.3
  • 38
    • 0031844208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of reactive oxygen species in neurons by haloperidol
    • Sagara, Y. (1998) Induction of reactive oxygen species in neurons by haloperidol. J. Neurochem., 71, 1002-1012.
    • (1998) J. Neurochem. , vol.71 , pp. 1002-1012
    • Sagara, Y.1
  • 39
    • 0034746573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Akt1/PKBα protects PC12 cells against the parkinsonism-inducing neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium and reduces the levels of oxygen-free radicals
    • Salinas, M., Martin, D., Alvarez, A. & Cuadrado, A. (2001) Akt1/PKBα protects PC12 cells against the parkinsonism-inducing neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium and reduces the levels of oxygen-free radicals. Mol. Cell. Neurosci., 17, 67-77.
    • (2001) Mol. Cell. Neurosci. , vol.17 , pp. 67-77
    • Salinas, M.1    Martin, D.2    Alvarez, A.3    Cuadrado, A.4
  • 40
    • 0037934795 scopus 로고
    • Storage and release of acetylcholine by a clonal cell line
    • Schubert, D. & Klier, F.G. (1977) Storage and release of acetylcholine by a clonal cell line. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 74, 5148-5188.
    • (1977) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.74 , pp. 5148-5188
    • Schubert, D.1    Klier, F.G.2
  • 41
    • 0032973806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid release of antipsychotic drugs from dopamine D2 receptors: An explanation for low receptor occupancy and early clinic relapse upon drug withdrawal of clozapine or quetiapine
    • Seeman, P. & Tallerico, T. (1999) Rapid release of antipsychotic drugs from dopamine D2 receptors: an explanation for low receptor occupancy and early clinic relapse upon drug withdrawal of clozapine or quetiapine. Am. J. Psychiatry, 156, 876-884.
    • (1999) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.156 , pp. 876-884
    • Seeman, P.1    Tallerico, T.2
  • 42
    • 0034086189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The latent inhibition model dissociates between clozapine, haloperidol, and ritanserin
    • Shadach, E., Gaisler, I., Schiller, D. & Weiner, I. (2000) The latent inhibition model dissociates between clozapine, haloperidol, and ritanserin. Neuropsychopharmacology, 23, 151-161.
    • (2000) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.23 , pp. 151-161
    • Shadach, E.1    Gaisler, I.2    Schiller, D.3    Weiner, I.4
  • 43
    • 0026458952 scopus 로고
    • Oxidative stress induced by administration of the neuroleptic drug haloperidol is attenuated by higher doses of haloperidol
    • Shivakumar, B.R. & Ravindranath, V. (1992) Oxidative stress induced by administration of the neuroleptic drug haloperidol is attenuated by higher doses of haloperidol. Brain Res., 595, 256-262.
    • (1992) Brain Res. , vol.595 , pp. 256-262
    • Shivakumar, B.R.1    Ravindranath, V.2
  • 44
    • 0027493114 scopus 로고
    • Oxidative stress and thiol modification induced by chronic administration of haloperidol
    • Shivakumar, B.R. & Ravindranath, V. (1993) Oxidative stress and thiol modification induced by chronic administration of haloperidol. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 3, 1137-1141.
    • (1993) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , vol.3 , pp. 1137-1141
    • Shivakumar, B.R.1    Ravindranath, V.2
  • 45
    • 0023224837 scopus 로고
    • Biochemical events in the development of parkinsonism induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
    • Singer, T.P., Castagnoli, N., Ramsay, R.R. & Trevoor, A.J. (1987) Biochemical events in the development of parkinsonism induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine. J. Neurochem., 49, 1-8.
    • (1987) J. Neurochem. , vol.49 , pp. 1-8
    • Singer, T.P.1    Castagnoli, N.2    Ramsay, R.R.3    Trevoor, A.J.4
  • 47
    • 0027504297 scopus 로고
    • Advances in our understanding of the mechanism of the cytotoxicity of MPTP and related compounds
    • Tipton, K.F. & Singer, T.P. (1993) Advances in our understanding of the mechanism of the cytotoxicity of MPTP and related compounds. J. Neurochem., 61, 1191-1206.
    • (1993) J. Neurochem. , vol.61 , pp. 1191-1206
    • Tipton, K.F.1    Singer, T.P.2
  • 48
    • 24444450840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotective effects of olanzapine on PC 12 ceils exposed to hydrogen peroxide and β-amyloid peptide
    • Wei, Z. & Li, X.M. (2002) Neuroprotective effects of olanzapine on PC 12 ceils exposed to hydrogen peroxide and β-amyloid peptide. Neurobiology of Aging, 23, No. 1S, S399.
    • (2002) Neurobiology of Aging , vol.23 , Issue.1 S
    • Wei, Z.1    Li, X.M.2
  • 49
    • 0032071188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of early and sustained intervention on the long-term morbidity of schizophrenia
    • Wyatt, R.J. & Henter, I.D. (1998) The effects of early and sustained intervention on the long-term morbidity of schizophrenia. J. Psychiatr. Res., 32, 169-177.
    • (1998) J. Psychiatr. Res. , vol.32 , pp. 169-177
    • Wyatt, R.J.1    Henter, I.D.2
  • 50
    • 0037087022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quetiapine attenuates the immobilization stress-induced decrease of brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in rat hippocampus
    • Xu, H., Qing, H., Lu, W., Keegan, D., Richardson, J.S., Chlan-Foumey, J. & Li, X.M. (2002) Quetiapine attenuates the immobilization stress-induced decrease of brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in rat hippocampus. Neurosci. Lett., 321, 65-68.
    • (2002) Neurosci. Lett. , vol.321 , pp. 65-68
    • Xu, H.1    Qing, H.2    Lu, W.3    Keegan, D.4    Richardson, J.S.5    Chlan-Foumey, J.6    Li, X.M.7


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.