메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 79, Issue 4, 2003, Pages 829-843

Role of reactive oxygen species in the pathophysiology of human reproduction

Author keywords

Female infertility; Male infertility; Oxidative stress; Reactive oxygen species; Spermatozoa

Indexed keywords

DNA; REACTIVE OXYGEN METABOLITE;

EID: 0037382663     PISSN: 00150282     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0015-0282(02)04948-8     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (1209)

References (123)
  • 1
    • 0028834966 scopus 로고
    • Impact of reactive oxygen species on spermatozoa: A balancing act between beneficial and detrimental effects
    • de Lamirande E., Gagnon C. Impact of reactive oxygen species on spermatozoa a balancing act between beneficial and detrimental effects . Hum Reprod. 10:1995;15-21.
    • (1995) Hum Reprod , vol.10 , pp. 15-21
    • De Lamirande, E.1    Gagnon, C.2
  • 2
    • 0035005066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relative impact of oxidative stress on male reproductive function
    • Sikka S.C. Relative impact of oxidative stress on male reproductive function. Curr Med Chem. 8:2001;851-862.
    • (2001) Curr Med Chem , vol.8 , pp. 851-862
    • Sikka, S.C.1
  • 3
    • 0030464440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of reactive oxygen species in male infertility
    • [review]
    • Sharma R.K., Agarwal A. Role of reactive oxygen species in male infertility. [review] Urology. 48:1996;835-850.
    • (1996) Urology , vol.48 , pp. 835-850
    • Sharma, R.K.1    Agarwal, A.2
  • 4
    • 0030954141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seminal reactive oxygen species, sperm motility and morphology in men with spinal cord injury
    • Padron O.F., Brackett N.L., Sharma R.K., Kohn S., Lynne C.M., Thomas A.J. Jr, et al. Seminal reactive oxygen species, sperm motility and morphology in men with spinal cord injury. Fertil Steril. 67:1997;1115-1120.
    • (1997) Fertil Steril , vol.67 , pp. 1115-1120
    • Padron, O.F.1    Brackett, N.L.2    Sharma, R.K.3    Kohn, S.4    Lynne, C.M.5    Thomas A.J., Jr.6
  • 5
    • 0002152122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative stress and role of antioxidants in normal and abnormal sperm function
    • Sikka S.C. Oxidative stress and role of antioxidants in normal and abnormal sperm function. Front Biosci. 1:1996;78-86.
    • (1996) Front Biosci , vol.1 , pp. 78-86
    • Sikka, S.C.1
  • 6
    • 0028891932 scopus 로고
    • Differential incorporation of fatty acids into and peroxidative loss of fatty acids from phospholipids of human spermatozoa
    • Alvarez J.G., Storey B.T. Differential incorporation of fatty acids into and peroxidative loss of fatty acids from phospholipids of human spermatozoa. Mol Reprod Dev. 42:1995;334-346.
    • (1995) Mol Reprod Dev , vol.42 , pp. 334-346
    • Alvarez, J.G.1    Storey, B.T.2
  • 7
    • 0026540891 scopus 로고
    • Formation of reactive oxygen species in spermatozoa of infertile patients
    • Iwasaki A., Gagnon C. Formation of reactive oxygen species in spermatozoa of infertile patients. Fertil Steril. 57:1992;409-416.
    • (1992) Fertil Steril , vol.57 , pp. 409-416
    • Iwasaki, A.1    Gagnon, C.2
  • 8
    • 0028320976 scopus 로고
    • A free radical theory of male infertility
    • Aitken R.J. A free radical theory of male infertility. Reprod Fertil Dev. 6:1994;19-24.
    • (1994) Reprod Fertil Dev , vol.6 , pp. 19-24
    • Aitken, R.J.1
  • 9
    • 0033046440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Amoroso lecture. The human spermatozoon - A cell in crisis?
    • Aitken R.J. The Amoroso lecture. The human spermatozoon - a cell in crisis? J Reprod Fertil. 115:1999;1-7.
    • (1999) J Reprod Fertil , vol.115 , pp. 1-7
    • Aitken, R.J.1
  • 11
    • 0028650768 scopus 로고
    • Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reproduction
    • de Lamirande E., Gagnon C. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reproduction. Adv Exp Med Biol. 366:1994;185-197.
    • (1994) Adv Exp Med Biol , vol.366 , pp. 185-197
    • De Lamirande, E.1    Gagnon, C.2
  • 12
    • 0031090408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular mechanisms regulating human sperm function
    • Aitken R.J. Molecular mechanisms regulating human sperm function. Mol Hum Reprod. 3:1997;169-173.
    • (1997) Mol Hum Reprod , vol.3 , pp. 169-173
    • Aitken, R.J.1
  • 13
    • 0024427034 scopus 로고
    • Generation of reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, and human sperm function
    • Aitken R.J., Clarkson J.S., Fishel S. Generation of reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, and human sperm function. Biol Reprod. 40:1989;183-197.
    • (1989) Biol Reprod , vol.40 , pp. 183-197
    • Aitken, R.J.1    Clarkson, J.S.2    Fishel, S.3
  • 14
    • 0027396562 scopus 로고
    • Human sperm hyperactivation and capacitation as parts of an oxidative process
    • de Lamirande E., Gagnon C. Human sperm hyperactivation and capacitation as parts of an oxidative process. Free Radic Biol Med. 14:1993;255-265.
    • (1993) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.14 , pp. 255-265
    • De Lamirande, E.1    Gagnon, C.2
  • 15
    • 0028825988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low levels of nitric oxide promote human sperm capacitation in vitro
    • Zini A., de Lamirande E., Gagnon C. Low levels of nitric oxide promote human sperm capacitation in vitro. J Androl. 16:1996;424-431.
    • (1996) J Androl , vol.16 , pp. 424-431
    • Zini, A.1    De Lamirande, E.2    Gagnon, C.3
  • 16
    • 0021063651 scopus 로고
    • Taurine, hypotaurine, epinephrine and albumin inhibit lipid peroxidation in rabbit spermatozoa and protect against loss of motility
    • Alvarez J.G., Storey B.T. Taurine, hypotaurine, epinephrine and albumin inhibit lipid peroxidation in rabbit spermatozoa and protect against loss of motility. Biol Reprod. 29:1983;548-555.
    • (1983) Biol Reprod , vol.29 , pp. 548-555
    • Alvarez, J.G.1    Storey, B.T.2
  • 17
    • 0027209389 scopus 로고
    • Strategies of antioxidant defence
    • Sies H. Strategies of antioxidant defence. Eur J Biochem. 215:1993;213-219.
    • (1993) Eur J Biochem , vol.215 , pp. 213-219
    • Sies, H.1
  • 18
    • 0031706480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antioxidant potential of human serum albumin: Role in the recovery of high quality human spermatozoa for assisted reproductive technology
    • Armstrong J.S., Rajasekaran M., Hellstrom W.J., Sikka S.C. Antioxidant potential of human serum albumin role in the recovery of high quality human spermatozoa for assisted reproductive technology . J Androl. 19:1998;412-419.
    • (1998) J Androl , vol.19 , pp. 412-419
    • Armstrong, J.S.1    Rajasekaran, M.2    Hellstrom, W.J.3    Sikka, S.C.4
  • 19
    • 0033199714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antioxidant supplementation in vitro does not improve human sperm motility
    • Donnelly E.T., McClure N., Lewis S. Antioxidant supplementation in vitro does not improve human sperm motility. Fertil Steril. 72:1999;484-495.
    • (1999) Fertil Steril , vol.72 , pp. 484-495
    • Donnelly, E.T.1    McClure, N.2    Lewis, S.3
  • 20
    • 0023933505 scopus 로고
    • The protection by ascorbate and glutathione against microsomal lipid peroxidation is dependent on vitamin E
    • Wefers H., Sies H. The protection by ascorbate and glutathione against microsomal lipid peroxidation is dependent on vitamin E. Eur J Biochem. 174:1988;353-357.
    • (1988) Eur J Biochem , vol.174 , pp. 353-357
    • Wefers, H.1    Sies, H.2
  • 21
    • 0027251053 scopus 로고
    • The pecking order of free radicals and antioxidants, lipid peroxidation, alpha-tocopherol and ascorbate
    • Buettner G.R. The pecking order of free radicals and antioxidants, lipid peroxidation, alpha-tocopherol and ascorbate. Arch Biochem Biophys. 300:1993;535-543.
    • (1993) Arch Biochem Biophys , vol.300 , pp. 535-543
    • Buettner, G.R.1
  • 22
    • 0027093467 scopus 로고
    • Antioxidant function of vitamins. Vitamins E and C, beta-carotenoids, and other carotenoids
    • Sies H., Stahl W., Sundquist R.A. Antioxidant function of vitamins. Vitamins E and C, beta-carotenoids, and other carotenoids. Ann NY Acad Sci. 669:1992;7-20.
    • (1992) Ann NY Acad Sci , vol.669 , pp. 7-20
    • Sies, H.1    Stahl, W.2    Sundquist, R.A.3
  • 23
    • 0029116225 scopus 로고
    • Total antioxidant capacity of seminal plasma is different in fertile and infertile men
    • Lewis S.E.M., Boyle P.M., McKinney K.A., Young I.S., Thompson W. Total antioxidant capacity of seminal plasma is different in fertile and infertile men. Fertil Steril. 64:1995;868-870.
    • (1995) Fertil Steril , vol.64 , pp. 868-870
    • Lewis, S.E.M.1    Boyle, P.M.2    McKinney, K.A.3    Young, I.S.4    Thompson, W.5
  • 24
    • 0027324127 scopus 로고
    • Reactive oxygen species in the semen of infertile patients: Levels of superoxide dismutase- and catalase-like activities in seminal plasma
    • Zini A., de Lamirande E., Gagnon C. Reactive oxygen species in the semen of infertile patients levels of superoxide dismutase- and catalase-like activities in seminal plasma . Int J Androl. 16:1993;183-188.
    • (1993) Int J Androl , vol.16 , pp. 183-188
    • Zini, A.1    De Lamirande, E.2    Gagnon, C.3
  • 25
    • 0029451739 scopus 로고
    • Free radicals, lipid peroxidation, sperm function
    • Aitken R.J. Free radicals, lipid peroxidation, sperm function. Reprod Fertil Dev. 7:1995;659-668.
    • (1995) Reprod Fertil Dev , vol.7 , pp. 659-668
    • Aitken, R.J.1
  • 26
    • 0031127073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative analysis of the ability of precursor germ cells and epididymal spermatozoa to generate reactive oxygen metabolites
    • Fisher H.M., Aitken R.J. Comparative analysis of the ability of precursor germ cells and epididymal spermatozoa to generate reactive oxygen metabolites. J Exp Zool. 277:1997;390-400.
    • (1997) J Exp Zool , vol.277 , pp. 390-400
    • Fisher, H.M.1    Aitken, R.J.2
  • 27
    • 0032829436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Varicocele is associated with elevated spermatozoal reactive oxygen species production and diminished seminal plasma antioxidant capacity
    • Hendin B., Kolettis P., Sharma R.K., Thomas A.J. Jr, Agarwal A. Varicocele is associated with elevated spermatozoal reactive oxygen species production and diminished seminal plasma antioxidant capacity. J Urol. 161:1999;1831-1834.
    • (1999) J Urol , vol.161 , pp. 1831-1834
    • Hendin, B.1    Kolettis, P.2    Sharma, R.K.3    Thomas A.J., Jr.4    Agarwal, A.5
  • 28
    • 0034814050 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential production of reactive oxygen species by subsets of human spermatozoa at different stages of maturation
    • Gil-Guzman E., Ollero M., Lopez M.C., Sharma R.K., Alvarez J.G., Thomas A.J. Jr, et al. Differential production of reactive oxygen species by subsets of human spermatozoa at different stages of maturation. Hum Reprod. 16:2001;1922-1930.
    • (2001) Hum Reprod , vol.16 , pp. 1922-1930
    • Gil-Guzman, E.1    Ollero, M.2    Lopez, M.C.3    Sharma, R.K.4    Alvarez, J.G.5    Thomas A.J., Jr.6
  • 29
    • 0026769066 scopus 로고
    • Reactive oxygen species and human spermatozoa: Analysis of the cellular mechanisms involved in luminol- and lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence
    • Aitken R.J., Buckingham D.W., West K.M. Reactive oxygen species and human spermatozoa analysis of the cellular mechanisms involved in luminol- and lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence . J Cell Physiol. 151:1992;466-477.
    • (1992) J Cell Physiol , vol.151 , pp. 466-477
    • Aitken, R.J.1    Buckingham, D.W.2    West, K.M.3
  • 30
    • 84907128948 scopus 로고
    • NADH-dependent oxido-reductase (diaphorase) activity and isozyme pattern of sperm in infertile men
    • Gavella M., Lipovac V. NADH-dependent oxido-reductase (diaphorase) activity and isozyme pattern of sperm in infertile men. Arch Androl. 28:1992;135-141.
    • (1992) Arch Androl , vol.28 , pp. 135-141
    • Gavella, M.1    Lipovac, V.2
  • 31
    • 0027979010 scopus 로고
    • Reactive oxygen species released by activated neutrophils, but not by deficient spermatozoa, are sufficient to affect normal sperm motility
    • Plante M., de Lamirande E., Gagnon C. Reactive oxygen species released by activated neutrophils, but not by deficient spermatozoa, are sufficient to affect normal sperm motility. Fertil Steril. 62:1994;387-393.
    • (1994) Fertil Steril , vol.62 , pp. 387-393
    • Plante, M.1    De Lamirande, E.2    Gagnon, C.3
  • 32
    • 0031778192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of a spectrophotometric assay for the measurement of malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxyalkenals in human spermatozoa: Relationships with semen quality and sperm function
    • Gomez E., Irvine D.S., Aitken R.J. Evaluation of a spectrophotometric assay for the measurement of malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxyalkenals in human spermatozoa relationships with semen quality and sperm function . Int J Androl. 21:1998;81-94.
    • (1998) Int J Androl , vol.21 , pp. 81-94
    • Gomez, E.1    Irvine, D.S.2    Aitken, R.J.3
  • 33
    • 0025633117 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of the relationship between reactive oxygen species production and leukocyte infiltration in fractions of human semen separated on Percoll gradients
    • Aitken R.J., West K.M. Analysis of the relationship between reactive oxygen species production and leukocyte infiltration in fractions of human semen separated on Percoll gradients. Int J Androl. 3:1990;433-451.
    • (1990) Int J Androl , vol.3 , pp. 433-451
    • Aitken, R.J.1    West, K.M.2
  • 34
    • 0030978645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sperm plasma membrane remodeling during spermiogenic maturation in men: Relationship among plasma membrane beta 1,4-galactosyltransferase, cytoplasmic creatine phosphokinase and creatine phosphokinase isoform ratios
    • Huszar G., Sbracia M., Vigue L., Miller D.J., Shur B.D. Sperm plasma membrane remodeling during spermiogenic maturation in men relationship among plasma membrane beta 1,4-galactosyltransferase, cytoplasmic creatine phosphokinase and creatine phosphokinase isoform ratios . Biol Reprod. 56:1997;1020-1024.
    • (1997) Biol Reprod , vol.56 , pp. 1020-1024
    • Huszar, G.1    Sbracia, M.2    Vigue, L.3    Miller, D.J.4    Shur, B.D.5
  • 35
    • 0027503273 scopus 로고
    • Incomplete development of human spermatozoa is associated with increased creatine phosphokinase concentration and abnormal head morphology
    • Huszar G., Vigue L. Incomplete development of human spermatozoa is associated with increased creatine phosphokinase concentration and abnormal head morphology. Mol Reprod Dev. 34:1993;292-298.
    • (1993) Mol Reprod Dev , vol.34 , pp. 292-298
    • Huszar, G.1    Vigue, L.2
  • 36
    • 0031845970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between creatine kinase activity and semen characteristics in sub-fertile men
    • Sidhu R.S., Sharma R.K., Thomas A.J. Jr, Agarwal A. Relationship between creatine kinase activity and semen characteristics in sub-fertile men. Int J Fertil Wom Med. 43:1998;192-197.
    • (1998) Int J Fertil Wom Med , vol.43 , pp. 192-197
    • Sidhu, R.S.1    Sharma, R.K.2    Thomas A.J., Jr.3    Agarwal, A.4
  • 38
    • 0027952740 scopus 로고
    • Correlation between the rate of lipid peroxidation and cellular maturity as measured by creatine kinase activity in human spermatozoa
    • Huszar G., Vigue L. Correlation between the rate of lipid peroxidation and cellular maturity as measured by creatine kinase activity in human spermatozoa. J Androl. 15:1994;71-77.
    • (1994) J Androl , vol.15 , pp. 71-77
    • Huszar, G.1    Vigue, L.2
  • 39
    • 0034814823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of subsets of human spermatozoa at different stages of maturation: Implications in the diagnosis and treatment of male infertility
    • Ollero M., Gil-Guzman E., Lopez M.C., Sharma R.K., Agarwal A., Larson K.L., et al. Characterization of subsets of human spermatozoa at different stages of maturation implications in the diagnosis and treatment of male infertility . Hum Reprod. 16:2001;1912-1921.
    • (2001) Hum Reprod , vol.16 , pp. 1912-1921
    • Ollero, M.1    Gil-Guzman, E.2    Lopez, M.C.3    Sharma, R.K.4    Agarwal, A.5    Larson, K.L.6
  • 41
    • 0023620425 scopus 로고
    • New method of evaluating sperm morphology with predictive value for human in vitro fertilization
    • Kruger T.F., Acosta A.A., Simmons K.F., Swanson R.J., Matta J.F., Veeck L.L., et al. New method of evaluating sperm morphology with predictive value for human in vitro fertilization. Urology. 30:1987;248-251.
    • (1987) Urology , vol.30 , pp. 248-251
    • Kruger, T.F.1    Acosta, A.A.2    Simmons, K.F.3    Swanson, R.J.4    Matta, J.F.5    Veeck, L.L.6
  • 42
    • 84907130973 scopus 로고
    • Levels of reactive oxygen species before and after sperm preparation: Comparison of swim-up and L4 filtration methods
    • Agarwal A., Ikemoto I., Loughlin K.R. Levels of reactive oxygen species before and after sperm preparation comparison of swim-up and L4 filtration methods . Arch Androl. 32:1994;169-174.
    • (1994) Arch Androl , vol.32 , pp. 169-174
    • Agarwal, A.1    Ikemoto, I.2    Loughlin, K.R.3
  • 43
    • 84907130775 scopus 로고
    • Effect of sperm washing on reactive oxygen species level in semen
    • Agarwal A., Ikemoto I., Loughlin K.R. Effect of sperm washing on reactive oxygen species level in semen. Arch Androl. 33:1994;157-162.
    • (1994) Arch Androl , vol.33 , pp. 157-162
    • Agarwal, A.1    Ikemoto, I.2    Loughlin, K.R.3
  • 44
    • 0028997538 scopus 로고
    • A method of human semen centrifugation to minimize the iatrogenic sperm injuries caused by reactive oxygen species
    • Shekarriz M., Thomas A.J. Jr, Agarwal A. A method of human semen centrifugation to minimize the iatrogenic sperm injuries caused by reactive oxygen species. Eur Urol. 28:1995;31-35.
    • (1995) Eur Urol , vol.28 , pp. 31-35
    • Shekarriz, M.1    Thomas A.J., Jr.2    Agarwal, A.3
  • 45
    • 0031840305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reactive oxygen species: A potential cause for DNA fragmentation in human spermatozoa
    • Lopes S., Jurisicova A., Sun J., Casper R.F. Reactive oxygen species a potential cause for DNA fragmentation in human spermatozoa . Hum Reprod. 13:1998;896-900.
    • (1998) Hum Reprod , vol.13 , pp. 896-900
    • Lopes, S.1    Jurisicova, A.2    Sun, J.3    Casper, R.F.4
  • 46
    • 0033668331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of semen processing on human sperm DNA integrity
    • Zini A., Finelli A., Phang D., Jarvi K. Influence of semen processing on human sperm DNA integrity. Urology. 56:2000;1081-1084.
    • (2000) Urology , vol.56 , pp. 1081-1084
    • Zini, A.1    Finelli, A.2    Phang, D.3    Jarvi, K.4
  • 47
    • 0026552924 scopus 로고
    • The removal of morphologically abnormal sperm forms by phagocytes: A positive role for seminal leukocytes
    • Tomlinson M.J., White A., Barratt C.L., Bolton A.E., Cooke I.D. The removal of morphologically abnormal sperm forms by phagocytes a positive role for seminal leukocytes . Hum Reprod. 7:1992;517-522.
    • (1992) Hum Reprod , vol.7 , pp. 517-522
    • Tomlinson, M.J.1    White, A.2    Barratt, C.L.3    Bolton, A.E.4    Cooke, I.D.5
  • 48
    • 0030731943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased polymorphonuclear granulocytes in seminal plasma in relation to sperm morphology
    • Thomas J., Fishel S.B., Hall J.A., Green S., Newton T.A., Thornton S.J. Increased polymorphonuclear granulocytes in seminal plasma in relation to sperm morphology. Hum Reprod. 12:1997;2418-2421.
    • (1997) Hum Reprod , vol.12 , pp. 2418-2421
    • Thomas, J.1    Fishel, S.B.2    Hall, J.A.3    Green, S.4    Newton, T.A.5    Thornton, S.J.6
  • 49
    • 0029069791 scopus 로고
    • The biologic significance of white blood cells in semen
    • Wolff H. The biologic significance of white blood cells in semen. Fertil Steril. 63:1995;1143-1147.
    • (1995) Fertil Steril , vol.63 , pp. 1143-1147
    • Wolff, H.1
  • 50
    • 0027527045 scopus 로고
    • Prospective study of leukocytes and leukocyte subpopulations in semen suggests that they are not a cause of male infertility
    • Tomlinson M.J., Barrat G.L.R., Cooke I.D. Prospective study of leukocytes and leukocyte subpopulations in semen suggests that they are not a cause of male infertility. Fertil Steril. 60:1993;1069-1075.
    • (1993) Fertil Steril , vol.60 , pp. 1069-1075
    • Tomlinson, M.J.1    Barrat, G.L.R.2    Cooke, I.D.3
  • 51
    • 0028042392 scopus 로고
    • Relationship between biochemical markers for residual sperm cytoplasm, reactive oxygen species generation and the presence of leukocytes and precursor germ cells in human sperm suspension
    • Aitken R.J., Krausz C., Buckingham D. Relationship between biochemical markers for residual sperm cytoplasm, reactive oxygen species generation and the presence of leukocytes and precursor germ cells in human sperm suspension. Mol Reprod Dev. 39:1994;268-279.
    • (1994) Mol Reprod Dev , vol.39 , pp. 268-279
    • Aitken, R.J.1    Krausz, C.2    Buckingham, D.3
  • 52
    • 0029011779 scopus 로고
    • Oxidative stress and interleukins in seminal plasma during leukocytospermia
    • Rajasekaran M., Hellstrom W.J., Naz R.K., Sikka S.C. Oxidative stress and interleukins in seminal plasma during leukocytospermia. Fertil Steril. 64:1995;166-171.
    • (1995) Fertil Steril , vol.64 , pp. 166-171
    • Rajasekaran, M.1    Hellstrom, W.J.2    Naz, R.K.3    Sikka, S.C.4
  • 53
    • 0029046438 scopus 로고
    • Positive myeloperoxidase staining (Endtz Test) as an indicator of excessive reactive oxygen species formation in semen
    • Shekarriz M., Sharma R.K., Thomas A.J. Jr, Agarwal A. Positive myeloperoxidase staining (Endtz Test) as an indicator of excessive reactive oxygen species formation in semen. J Assist Reprod Genet. 12:1995;70-74.
    • (1995) J Assist Reprod Genet , vol.12 , pp. 70-74
    • Shekarriz, M.1    Sharma, R.K.2    Thomas A.J., Jr.3    Agarwal, A.4
  • 55
    • 0032921260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phagocytic killing of microorganisms by radical processes: Consequences of the reaction of hydroxyl radicals with chloride yielding chlorine atoms
    • Saran M., Beck-Speier I., Fellerhoff B., Bauer G. Phagocytic killing of microorganisms by radical processes consequences of the reaction of hydroxyl radicals with chloride yielding chlorine atoms . Free Radic Biol Med. 26:1999;482-490.
    • (1999) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.26 , pp. 482-490
    • Saran, M.1    Beck-Speier, I.2    Fellerhoff, B.3    Bauer, G.4
  • 56
    • 0032712606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infections in the male genital tract and reactive oxygen species
    • Ochsendorf F.R. Infections in the male genital tract and reactive oxygen species. Hum Reprod. 5:1999;399-420.
    • (1999) Hum Reprod , vol.5 , pp. 399-420
    • Ochsendorf, F.R.1
  • 57
    • 0034941928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between seminal white blood cell counts and oxidative stress in men treated at an infertility clinic
    • Sharma R., Pasqualotto F.F., Nelson D.R., Thomas A.J. Jr, Agarwal A. Relationship between seminal white blood cell counts and oxidative stress in men treated at an infertility clinic. J Androl. 22:2001;575-583.
    • (2001) J Androl , vol.22 , pp. 575-583
    • Sharma, R.1    Pasqualotto, F.F.2    Nelson, D.R.3    Thomas A.J., Jr.4    Agarwal, A.5
  • 58
    • 0026705031 scopus 로고
    • Reactive oxygen species generated by human neutrophils inhibit sperm motility: Protective effects of seminal plasma and scavengers
    • Kovalski N.N., de Lamirande E., Gagnon C. Reactive oxygen species generated by human neutrophils inhibit sperm motility protective effects of seminal plasma and scavengers . Fertil Steril. 58:1992;809-816.
    • (1992) Fertil Steril , vol.58 , pp. 809-816
    • Kovalski, N.N.1    De Lamirande, E.2    Gagnon, C.3
  • 59
    • 0036901620 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leukocytospermia is associated with increased reactive oxygen species production by human spermatozoa
    • Saleh RA, Agarwal A, Kandirali E, Sharma RK, Thomas AJ Jr, Nada EA, et al. Leukocytospermia is associated with increased reactive oxygen species production by human spermatozoa. Fertil Steril. 2002;78:1215-24.
    • (2002) Fertil Steril. , vol.78 , pp. 1215-1224
    • Saleh, R.A.1    Agarwal, A.2    Kandirali, E.3    Sharma, R.K.4    Thomas A.J., Jr.5    Nada, E.A.6
  • 60
    • 0027306783 scopus 로고
    • Review: On the chemistry of oxidative stress
    • Spitteler G. Review on the chemistry of oxidative stress . J Lipid Mediat. 7:1993;77-82.
    • (1993) J Lipid Mediat , vol.7 , pp. 77-82
    • Spitteler, G.1
  • 63
    • 0029562799 scopus 로고
    • Role of oxidative stress and antioxidants in male infertility
    • Sikka S.C., Rajasekaran M., Hellstrom W.J.G. Role of oxidative stress and antioxidants in male infertility. J Androl. 16:1995;464-468.
    • (1995) J Androl , vol.16 , pp. 464-468
    • Sikka, S.C.1    Rajasekaran, M.2    Hellstrom, W.J.G.3
  • 64
    • 0025069762 scopus 로고
    • How to characterize a biological antioxidant
    • Halliwell B. How to characterize a biological antioxidant. Free Radic Res Commun. 9:1990;1-32.
    • (1990) Free Radic Res Commun , vol.9 , pp. 1-32
    • Halliwell, B.1
  • 65
    • 0028409709 scopus 로고
    • Reactive oxygen species generation and human spermatozoa: The balance of benefit and risk
    • Aitken R.J., Fisher H. Reactive oxygen species generation and human spermatozoa the balance of benefit and risk . Bioassays. 16:1994;259-267.
    • (1994) Bioassays , vol.16 , pp. 259-267
    • Aitken, R.J.1    Fisher, H.2
  • 66
    • 0001603358 scopus 로고
    • Placebo-controlled, double-blind, cross-over trial of glutathione therapy, in male infertility
    • Lenzi A., Cualosso F., Gandini L., Lombardo F., Dondero F. Placebo-controlled, double-blind, cross-over trial of glutathione therapy, in male infertility. Hum Reprod. 9:1993;2044-2050.
    • (1993) Hum Reprod , vol.9 , pp. 2044-2050
    • Lenzi, A.1    Cualosso, F.2    Gandini, L.3    Lombardo, F.4    Dondero, F.5
  • 67
    • 0028238811 scopus 로고
    • Relationship of sperm parameters to levels of reactive oxygen species in semen specimens
    • Agarwal A., Ikemoto I., Loughlin K.R. Relationship of sperm parameters to levels of reactive oxygen species in semen specimens. J Urol. 152:1994;107-110.
    • (1994) J Urol , vol.152 , pp. 107-110
    • Agarwal, A.1    Ikemoto, I.2    Loughlin, K.R.3
  • 68
  • 69
    • 0026671554 scopus 로고
    • Reactive oxygen species and human spermatozoa. II. Depletion of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) plays an important role in the inhibition of sperm motility
    • de Lamirande E., Gagnon C. Reactive oxygen species and human spermatozoa. II. Depletion of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) plays an important role in the inhibition of sperm motility. J Androl. 13:1992;379-386.
    • (1992) J Androl , vol.13 , pp. 379-386
    • De Lamirande, E.1    Gagnon, C.2
  • 70
    • 0031007755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reactive oxygen species generation by human spermatozoa is induced by exogenous NADPH and inhibited by flavoprotein inhibitors diphenylene iodonium and quinacrine
    • Aitken R.J., Fisher H., Fulton N., Gomez E., Knox W., Lewis B., et al. Reactive oxygen species generation by human spermatozoa is induced by exogenous NADPH and inhibited by flavoprotein inhibitors diphenylene iodonium and quinacrine. Mol Reprod Dev. 47:1997;468-482.
    • (1997) Mol Reprod Dev , vol.47 , pp. 468-482
    • Aitken, R.J.1    Fisher, H.2    Fulton, N.3    Gomez, E.4    Knox, W.5    Lewis, B.6
  • 71
    • 0028965632 scopus 로고
    • Reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation and enzymatic defense systems in human spermatozoa
    • Griveau J.F., Dumont E., Renard B., Callegari J.P., Lannou D.L. Reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation and enzymatic defense systems in human spermatozoa. J Reprod Fertil. 103:1995;17-26.
    • (1995) J Reprod Fertil , vol.103 , pp. 17-26
    • Griveau, J.F.1    Dumont, E.2    Renard, B.3    Callegari, J.P.4    Lannou, D.L.5
  • 72
    • 0031822760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative damage to DNA in human spermatozoa does not preclude pronucleus formation at intracytoplasmic sperm injection
    • Twigg J., Irvine D.S., Aitken R.J. Oxidative damage to DNA in human spermatozoa does not preclude pronucleus formation at intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Hum Reprod. 13:1998;1864-1871.
    • (1998) Hum Reprod , vol.13 , pp. 1864-1871
    • Twigg, J.1    Irvine, D.S.2    Aitken, R.J.3
  • 73
    • 0033638475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of hydrogen peroxide on DNA and plasma membrane integrity of human spermatozoa
    • Duru N.K., Morshedi M., Oehninger S. Effects of hydrogen peroxide on DNA and plasma membrane integrity of human spermatozoa. Fertil Steril. 74:2000;1200-1207.
    • (2000) Fertil Steril , vol.74 , pp. 1200-1207
    • Duru, N.K.1    Morshedi, M.2    Oehninger, S.3
  • 74
    • 0034758449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative stress, DNA damage and the Y chromosome
    • Aitken R.J., Krausz C. Oxidative stress, DNA damage and the Y chromosome. Reproduction. 122:2001;497-506.
    • (2001) Reproduction , vol.122 , pp. 497-506
    • Aitken, R.J.1    Krausz, C.2
  • 76
    • 0029917272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking and low antioxidant levels increase oxidative damage to sperm DNA
    • Fraga G.G., Motchnik P., Wyrobek A.J., Rempel D.M., Ames B. Smoking and low antioxidant levels increase oxidative damage to sperm DNA. Mutat Res. 351:1996;199-203.
    • (1996) Mutat Res , vol.351 , pp. 199-203
    • Fraga, G.G.1    Motchnik, P.2    Wyrobek, A.J.3    Rempel, D.M.4    Ames, B.5
  • 77
    • 0343907222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased oxidative deoxyribonucleic acid damage in the spermatozoa of infertile male patients
    • Kodama H., Yamaguchi R., Fukuda J., Kasai H., Tanaka T. Increased oxidative deoxyribonucleic acid damage in the spermatozoa of infertile male patients. Fertil Steril. 65:1997;519-524.
    • (1997) Fertil Steril , vol.65 , pp. 519-524
    • Kodama, H.1    Yamaguchi, R.2    Fukuda, J.3    Kasai, H.4    Tanaka, T.5
  • 78
    • 0031045420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of deoxyribonucleic acid fragmentation in human sperm: Correlation with fertilization in vitro
    • Sun J.G., Jurisicova A., Casper R.F. Detection of deoxyribonucleic acid fragmentation in human sperm correlation with fertilization in vitro . Biol Reprod. 56:1997;602-607.
    • (1997) Biol Reprod , vol.56 , pp. 602-607
    • Sun, J.G.1    Jurisicova, A.2    Casper, R.F.3
  • 79
    • 0031799912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Iatrogenic DNA damage induced in human spermatozoa during sperm preparation: Protective significance of seminal plasma
    • Twigg J., Irvine D.S., Houston P., Fulton N., Michael L., Aitken R.J. Iatrogenic DNA damage induced in human spermatozoa during sperm preparation protective significance of seminal plasma . Mol Hum Reprod. 4:1998;439-445.
    • (1998) Mol Hum Reprod , vol.4 , pp. 439-445
    • Twigg, J.1    Irvine, D.S.2    Houston, P.3    Fulton, N.4    Michael, L.5    Aitken, R.J.6
  • 80
    • 0033747351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Apoptosis genes and autoimmunity
    • Vaux D.L., Flavell R.A. Apoptosis genes and autoimmunity. Curr Opin Immunol. 12:2000;719-724.
    • (2000) Curr Opin Immunol , vol.12 , pp. 719-724
    • Vaux, D.L.1    Flavell, R.A.2
  • 81
    • 0033593572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cell death in development
    • Vaux D.L., Korsmeyer S.J. Cell death in development. Cell. 96:1999;245-254.
    • (1999) Cell , vol.96 , pp. 245-254
    • Vaux, D.L.1    Korsmeyer, S.J.2
  • 83
    • 0033022705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormonal and genetic control of germ cell apoptosis in the testis
    • Sinha Hikim A.P., Swerdloff R.S. Hormonal and genetic control of germ cell apoptosis in the testis. Rev Reprod. 4:1999;38-47.
    • (1999) Rev Reprod , vol.4 , pp. 38-47
    • Sinha Hikim, A.P.1    Swerdloff, R.S.2
  • 84
    • 0031762229 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A matter of death and life: The significance of germ cell death during spermatogenesis
    • Blanco-Rodriguez J. A matter of death and life the significance of germ cell death during spermatogenesis . Int J Androl. 21:1998;236-248.
    • (1998) Int J Androl , vol.21 , pp. 236-248
    • Blanco-Rodriguez, J.1
  • 85
    • 0031892878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resistance of differentiating spermatogonia to radiation-induced apoptosis and loss in p53-deficient mice
    • Hasegawa M., Zhang Y., Niibe H., Terry N.H., Meistrich M.L. Resistance of differentiating spermatogonia to radiation-induced apoptosis and loss in p53-deficient mice. Radiat Res. 149:1998;263-270.
    • (1998) Radiat Res , vol.149 , pp. 263-270
    • Hasegawa, M.1    Zhang, Y.2    Niibe, H.3    Terry, N.H.4    Meistrich, M.L.5
  • 86
    • 0035138823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • P53 induction and apoptosis in response to radio- and chemotherapy in vivo is tumor-type-dependent
    • Kemp C.J., Sun S., Gurley K.E. p53 induction and apoptosis in response to radio- and chemotherapy in vivo is tumor-type-dependent. Cancer Res. 61:2001;327-332.
    • (2001) Cancer Res , vol.61 , pp. 327-332
    • Kemp, C.J.1    Sun, S.2    Gurley, K.E.3
  • 87
    • 0030890609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Fas system is a key regulator of germ cell apoptosis in the testis
    • Lee J., Richburg J.H., Younkin S.C., Boekelheide K. The Fas system is a key regulator of germ cell apoptosis in the testis. Endocrinology. 138:1997;2081-2088.
    • (1997) Endocrinology , vol.138 , pp. 2081-2088
    • Lee, J.1    Richburg, J.H.2    Younkin, S.C.3    Boekelheide, K.4
  • 88
    • 14444284368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spontaneous germ cell apoptosis in humans: Evidence for ethnic differences in the susceptibility of germ cells to programmed cell death
    • Sinha Hikim A.P., Wang C., Lue Y., Johnson L., Wang X.H., Swerdloff R.S. Spontaneous germ cell apoptosis in humans evidence for ethnic differences in the susceptibility of germ cells to programmed cell death . J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 83:1998;152-156.
    • (1998) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.83 , pp. 152-156
    • Sinha Hikim, A.P.1    Wang, C.2    Lue, Y.3    Johnson, L.4    Wang, X.H.5    Swerdloff, R.S.6
  • 89
    • 0032918641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNA damage in round spermatids of mice with a targeted disruption of the Pp1cgamma gene and in testicular biopsies of patients with non-obstructive azoospermia
    • Jurisicova A., Lopes S., Meriano J., Oppedisano L., Casper R.F., Varmuza S. DNA damage in round spermatids of mice with a targeted disruption of the Pp1cgamma gene and in testicular biopsies of patients with non-obstructive azoospermia. Mol Hum Reprod. 5:1999;323-330.
    • (1999) Mol Hum Reprod , vol.5 , pp. 323-330
    • Jurisicova, A.1    Lopes, S.2    Meriano, J.3    Oppedisano, L.4    Casper, R.F.5    Varmuza, S.6
  • 91
    • 0025751550 scopus 로고
    • Bcl-2 inhibits multiple forms of apoptosis but not negative selection in thymocytes
    • Sentman C.L., Shutter J.R., Hockenbery D., Kanagawa O., Korsmeyer S.J. Bcl-2 inhibits multiple forms of apoptosis but not negative selection in thymocytes. Cell. 67:1991;879-888.
    • (1991) Cell , vol.67 , pp. 879-888
    • Sentman, C.L.1    Shutter, J.R.2    Hockenbery, D.3    Kanagawa, O.4    Korsmeyer, S.J.5
  • 92
    • 0027717968 scopus 로고
    • Bcl-2 inhibition of neural death: Decreased generation of reactive oxygen species
    • Kane D.J., Sarafian T.A., Anton R., Hahn H., Gralla E.B., Valentine J.S., et al. Bcl-2 inhibition of neural death decreased generation of reactive oxygen species . Science. 262:1993;1274-1277.
    • (1993) Science , vol.262 , pp. 1274-1277
    • Kane, D.J.1    Sarafian, T.A.2    Anton, R.3    Hahn, H.4    Gralla, E.B.5    Valentine, J.S.6
  • 94
    • 0027145632 scopus 로고
    • Molecular cloning and expression of Fas ligand, a novel member of the tumor necrosis factor family
    • Suda T., Takahashi T., Golstein P., Nagata S. Molecular cloning and expression of Fas ligand, a novel member of the tumor necrosis factor family. Cell. 75:1993;1169-1178.
    • (1993) Cell , vol.75 , pp. 1169-1178
    • Suda, T.1    Takahashi, T.2    Golstein, P.3    Nagata, S.4
  • 95
    • 0032759048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The reactive oxygen species-total antioxidant capacity score is a new measure of oxidative stress to predict male infertility
    • Sharma R.K., Pasqualotto F.F., Nelson D.R., Thomas A.J. Jr, Agarwal A. The reactive oxygen species-total antioxidant capacity score is a new measure of oxidative stress to predict male infertility. Hum Reprod. 14:1999;2801-2807.
    • (1999) Hum Reprod , vol.14 , pp. 2801-2807
    • Sharma, R.K.1    Pasqualotto, F.F.2    Nelson, D.R.3    Thomas A.J., Jr.4    Agarwal, A.5
  • 96
    • 0023412036 scopus 로고
    • Spontaneous lipid peroxidation and production of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide in human spermatozoa: Superoxide dismutase as a major enzyme protectant against oxygen toxicity
    • Alvarez J.G., Touchstone J.C., Blasco L., Storey B.T. Spontaneous lipid peroxidation and production of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide in human spermatozoa superoxide dismutase as a major enzyme protectant against oxygen toxicity . J Androl. 8:1987;336-348.
    • (1987) J Androl , vol.8 , pp. 336-348
    • Alvarez, J.G.1    Touchstone, J.C.2    Blasco, L.3    Storey, B.T.4
  • 97
    • 0034937151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quality control of reactive oxygen species measurement by luminol-dependent chemiluminescence assay
    • Kobayashi H., Gil-Guzman E., Mahran A.M., Sharma R.K., Nelson D.R., Thomas A.J. Jr, et al. Quality control of reactive oxygen species measurement by luminol-dependent chemiluminescence assay. J Androl. 22:2000;568-574.
    • (2000) J Androl , vol.22 , pp. 568-574
    • Kobayashi, H.1    Gil-Guzman, E.2    Mahran, A.M.3    Sharma, R.K.4    Nelson, D.R.5    Thomas A.J., Jr.6
  • 99
    • 0033954920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between oxidative stress, semen characteristics, and clinical diagnosis in men undergoing fertility investigation
    • Pasqualotto F.F., Sharma R.K., Nelson D.R., Thomas A.J. Jr, Agarwal A. Relationship between oxidative stress, semen characteristics, and clinical diagnosis in men undergoing fertility investigation. Fertil Steril. 73:2000;459-464.
    • (2000) Fertil Steril , vol.73 , pp. 459-464
    • Pasqualotto, F.F.1    Sharma, R.K.2    Nelson, D.R.3    Thomas A.J., Jr.4    Agarwal, A.5
  • 101
    • 0035043487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Varicocelectomy improves intrauterine insemination success rates among men with varicocele
    • Daitch J.A., Bedaiway M.A., Pasqualotto F.F., Hendin B., Hallak J., Falcone T., et al. Varicocelectomy improves intrauterine insemination success rates among men with varicocele. J Urol. 165:2001;1510-1513.
    • (2001) J Urol , vol.165 , pp. 1510-1513
    • Daitch, J.A.1    Bedaiway, M.A.2    Pasqualotto, F.F.3    Hendin, B.4    Hallak, J.5    Falcone, T.6
  • 102
    • 0030694077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of testicular damage by free-radical scavengers
    • Agarwal A., Ikemoto I., Loughlin K.R. Prevention of testicular damage by free-radical scavengers. Urology. 50:1997;759-763.
    • (1997) Urology , vol.50 , pp. 759-763
    • Agarwal, A.1    Ikemoto, I.2    Loughlin, K.R.3
  • 103
    • 0036732102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of cigarette smoking on levels of seminal oxidative stress in infertile men: A prospective study
    • Saleh R., Agarwal A., Sharma R.K., Nelson D.R., Thomas A.J. Jr. Effect of cigarette smoking on levels of seminal oxidative stress in infertile men a prospective study . Fertil Steril. 78:2002;491-499.
    • (2002) Fertil Steril , vol.78 , pp. 491-499
    • Saleh, R.1    Agarwal, A.2    Sharma, R.K.3    Nelson, D.R.4    Thomas A.J., Jr.5
  • 104
    • 0343051747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Importance of reactive oxygen species in the peritoneal fluid of women with endometriosis or idiopathic infertility
    • Wang Y., Sharma R.K., Falcone T., Goldberg J., Agarwal A. Importance of reactive oxygen species in the peritoneal fluid of women with endometriosis or idiopathic infertility. Fertil Steril. 68:1997;826-830.
    • (1997) Fertil Steril , vol.68 , pp. 826-830
    • Wang, Y.1    Sharma, R.K.2    Falcone, T.3    Goldberg, J.4    Agarwal, A.5
  • 105
    • 0036175928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prediction of endometriosis with serum and peritoneal fluid markers: A prospective controlled trial
    • Bedaiwy M.A., Falcone T., Sharma R.K., Goldberg J.M., Attaran M., Nelson D.R., et al. Prediction of endometriosis with serum and peritoneal fluid markers a prospective controlled trial . Hum Reprod. 17:2002;426-431.
    • (2002) Hum Reprod , vol.17 , pp. 426-431
    • Bedaiwy, M.A.1    Falcone, T.2    Sharma, R.K.3    Goldberg, J.M.4    Attaran, M.5    Nelson, D.R.6
  • 107
    • 0036117472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking induces oxidative stress inside the Graafian follicle
    • Paszkowski T., Clarke R.N., Hornstein M.D. Smoking induces oxidative stress inside the Graafian follicle. Hum Reprod. 17:2002;921-925.
    • (2002) Hum Reprod , vol.17 , pp. 921-925
    • Paszkowski, T.1    Clarke, R.N.2    Hornstein, M.D.3
  • 108
    • 0032905595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative stress markers in preovulatory follicular fluid in humans
    • Jozwik M., Wolczynski S., Szamatowicz M. Oxidative stress markers in preovulatory follicular fluid in humans. Mol Hum Reprod. 5:1999;409-413.
    • (1999) Mol Hum Reprod , vol.5 , pp. 409-413
    • Jozwik, M.1    Wolczynski, S.2    Szamatowicz, M.3
  • 109
    • 0036120729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between oxidative stress and embryotoxicity of hydrosalpingeal fluid
    • Bedaiwy M.A., Goldberg J.M., Falcone T., Singh M., Nelson D., Azab H., et al. Relationship between oxidative stress and embryotoxicity of hydrosalpingeal fluid. Hum Reprod. 17:2002;601-604.
    • (2002) Hum Reprod , vol.17 , pp. 601-604
    • Bedaiwy, M.A.1    Goldberg, J.M.2    Falcone, T.3    Singh, M.4    Nelson, D.5    Azab, H.6
  • 110
    • 0028805517 scopus 로고
    • Sperm plasma membrane damage prior to intracytoplasmic sperm injection: A necessary condition for sperm nucleus decondensation
    • Dozortsev D., Rybouchkin A., De Sutter P., Dhont M. Sperm plasma membrane damage prior to intracytoplasmic sperm injection a necessary condition for sperm nucleus decondensation . Hum Reprod. 10:1995;2960-2964.
    • (1995) Hum Reprod , vol.10 , pp. 2960-2964
    • Dozortsev, D.1    Rybouchkin, A.2    De Sutter, P.3    Dhont, M.4
  • 111
    • 0026662410 scopus 로고
    • Iron-mediated DNA damage: Sensitive detection of DNA strand breakage catalyzed by iron
    • Toyokuni S., Sagripanti J.L. Iron-mediated DNA damage sensitive detection of DNA strand breakage catalyzed by iron . J Inorg Biochem. 47:1992;241-248.
    • (1992) J Inorg Biochem , vol.47 , pp. 241-248
    • Toyokuni, S.1    Sagripanti, J.L.2
  • 112
    • 0033168283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Culture media and their components differ in their ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species in the plasmid relaxation assay
    • Ermilov A., Diamond M.P., Sacco A.G., Dozortsev D.D. Culture media and their components differ in their ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species in the plasmid relaxation assay. Fertil Steril. 72:1999;154-157.
    • (1999) Fertil Steril , vol.72 , pp. 154-157
    • Ermilov, A.1    Diamond, M.P.2    Sacco, A.G.3    Dozortsev, D.D.4
  • 113
    • 0028299566 scopus 로고
    • Molecular biology of human male infertility: Links with aging, mitochondrial genetics, and oxidative stress?
    • Cummins J.M., Jequier A.M., Kan R. Molecular biology of human male infertility links with aging, mitochondrial genetics, and oxidative stress? Mol Reprod Dev. 37:1994;345-362.
    • (1994) Mol Reprod Dev , vol.37 , pp. 345-362
    • Cummins, J.M.1    Jequier, A.M.2    Kan, R.3
  • 114
    • 0025035474 scopus 로고
    • Morphometric categorization of the human oocyte and early conceptus
    • Goyanes V.J., Ron-Corzo A., Costas E., Maneiro E. Morphometric categorization of the human oocyte and early conceptus. Hum Reprod. 5:1990;613-618.
    • (1990) Hum Reprod , vol.5 , pp. 613-618
    • Goyanes, V.J.1    Ron-Corzo, A.2    Costas, E.3    Maneiro, E.4
  • 115
    • 0025315867 scopus 로고
    • Oocyte maturation, fertilization and embryonic growth in vitro
    • Plachot M., Mandelbaum J. Oocyte maturation, fertilization and embryonic growth in vitro. Br Med Bull. 46:1990;675-694.
    • (1990) Br Med Bull , vol.46 , pp. 675-694
    • Plachot, M.1    Mandelbaum, J.2
  • 116
    • 0025998784 scopus 로고
    • The effect of embryo quality on subsequent pregnancy rates after in vitro fertilization
    • Erenus M., Zouves C., Rajamahendran P., Leung S., Fluker M., Gomel V. The effect of embryo quality on subsequent pregnancy rates after in vitro fertilization. Fertil Steril. 56:1991;707-710.
    • (1991) Fertil Steril , vol.56 , pp. 707-710
    • Erenus, M.1    Zouves, C.2    Rajamahendran, P.3    Leung, S.4    Fluker, M.5    Gomel, V.6
  • 117
    • 0025364518 scopus 로고
    • Hydrogen peroxide levels in mouse oocytes and early cleavage stage embryos developed in vitro or in vivo
    • Nasr-Esfahani M.H., Aitken J.R., Johnson M.H. Hydrogen peroxide levels in mouse oocytes and early cleavage stage embryos developed in vitro or in vivo. Development. 109:1990;501-507.
    • (1990) Development , vol.109 , pp. 501-507
    • Nasr-Esfahani, M.H.1    Aitken, J.R.2    Johnson, M.H.3
  • 118
    • 0027246542 scopus 로고
    • Increased generation of reactive oxygen species in embryos cultured in vitro
    • Goto Y., Noda Y., Mori T., Nakano M. Increased generation of reactive oxygen species in embryos cultured in vitro. Free Radic Biol Med. 15:1993;69-75.
    • (1993) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.15 , pp. 69-75
    • Goto, Y.1    Noda, Y.2    Mori, T.3    Nakano, M.4
  • 119
    • 0027300736 scopus 로고
    • Lipid peroxidation: Its mechanism, measurement, and significance
    • Halliwell B., Chirico S. Lipid peroxidation its mechanism, measurement, and significance . Am J Clin Nutr. 57:1993;715S-724S.
    • (1993) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.57
    • Halliwell, B.1    Chirico, S.2
  • 120
    • 0025972738 scopus 로고
    • DNA damage by oxygen-derived species. Its mechanism and measurement in mammalian systems
    • Halliwell B., Aruoma O.I. DNA damage by oxygen-derived species. Its mechanism and measurement in mammalian systems. FEBS Lett. 281:1991;9-19.
    • (1991) FEBS Lett , vol.281 , pp. 9-19
    • Halliwell, B.1    Aruoma, O.I.2
  • 122
    • 0030072676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Programmed cell death and human embryo fragmentation
    • Jurisicova A., Varmuza S., Casper R.F. Programmed cell death and human embryo fragmentation. Mol Hum Reprod. 2:1996;93-98.
    • (1996) Mol Hum Reprod , vol.2 , pp. 93-98
    • Jurisicova, A.1    Varmuza, S.2    Casper, R.F.3
  • 123
    • 85031197740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential growth of human embryos in vitro: Role of reactive oxygen species
    • 18th Annual Meeting of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology, 30 Jun-3 Jul, 2002, Vienna, Austria
    • Bedaiwy MA, Miller K, Falcone T, Nelson D, AbdelAleem A, Mohamed M, et al. Differential growth of human embryos in vitro: role of reactive oxygen species. In: 18th Annual Meeting of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology, 30 Jun-3 Jul, 2002, Vienna, Austria. Hum Reprod 2002;17:38.
    • (2002) Hum Reprod , vol.17 , pp. 38
    • Bedaiwy, M.A.1    Miller, K.2    Falcone, T.3    Nelson, D.4    AbdelAleem, A.5    Mohamed, M.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.