메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 3, Issue 1, 2003, Pages 5-13

Embryonic stem cells and potency to induce transplantation tolerance

Author keywords

Embryonic stem cells; Haematopoietic cells; Mixed chimaerism; Rejection; Tolerance; Transplantation

Indexed keywords

ALLOGRAFT; ANIMAL CELL; BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION; CHIMERA; CLONAL ANERGY; EMBRYO CELL; GRAFT SURVIVAL; GRAFT VERSUS HOST REACTION; HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION; IMMUNE DEFICIENCY; IMMUNOGENICITY; IMMUNOLOGICAL TOLERANCE; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION; TRANSPLANTATION TOLERANCE;

EID: 0037322537     PISSN: 14712598     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1517/14712598.3.1.5     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (18)

References (56)
  • 1
    • 0005984244 scopus 로고
    • 'Actively acquired tolerance' of foreign cells
    • BILLINGHAM R, BRENT L, MEDAWAR PB: 'Actively acquired tolerance' of foreign cells. Nature (1953) 172:603-606. Early report on donor-derived haematopoietic cells inducing graft tolerance.
    • (1953) Nature , vol.172 , pp. 603-606
    • Billingham, R.1    Brent, L.2    Medawar, P.B.3
  • 2
    • 77049284622 scopus 로고
    • Renal homotransplantation in identical twins
    • MURRAY J, MERRILL J, HARRISSON JH: Renal homotransplantation in identical twins. Surg. Forum (1955) 6:432-436.
    • (1955) Surg. Forum , vol.6 , pp. 432-436
    • Murray, J.1    Merrill, J.2    Harrisson, J.H.3
  • 3
    • 0000236465 scopus 로고
    • Study of transplantation immunity after total body irradiation: Clinical and experimental investigation
    • MURRAY J, MERRIL J, DAMMIN GJ et al.: Study of transplantation immunity after total body irradiation: clinical and experimental investigation. Surgery (1960) 48:272-284.
    • (1960) Surgery , vol.48 , pp. 272-284
    • Murray, J.1    Merril, J.2    Dammin, G.J.3
  • 4
    • 15844404353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term acceptance of skin and cardiac allografts after blocking CD40 and CD28 pathways
    • LARSEN C, ELWOOD E, ALEXANDER D et al.: Long-term acceptance of skin and cardiac allografts after blocking CD40 and CD28 pathways. Nature (1996) 381:434-438. Induction of skin and cardiac graft tolerance using blockage of costimulation. First in vivo evidence of the efficacy of costimulation blockade to prevent rejection.
    • (1996) Nature , vol.381 , pp. 434-438
    • Larsen, C.1    Elwood, E.2    Alexander, D.3
  • 5
    • 0029893961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kinetics of induction of transplantation tolerance with a nondepleting anticd4 monoclonal antibody and donor-specific transfusion before transplantation
    • SAITOVITCH D, BUSHELL A, MABBS D, MORRIS P, WOOD K: Kinetics of induction of transplantation tolerance with a nondepleting anticd4 monoclonal antibody and donor-specific transfusion before transplantation. Transplantation (1996) 61:1642-1647.
    • (1996) Transplantation , vol.61 , pp. 1642-1647
    • Saitovitch, D.1    Bushell, A.2    Mabbs, D.3    Morris, P.4    Wood, K.5
  • 6
    • 0035660760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Donor-derived soluble MHC antigens plus low-dose cyclosporin induce transplantation unresponsiveness independent of the thymus by downregulating T cell mediated alloresponses in a rat transplantation model
    • BEHRENS D, LANGE K, FRIED A et al.: Donor-derived soluble MHC antigens plus low-dose cyclosporin induce transplantation unresponsiveness independent of the thymus by downregulating T cell mediated alloresponses in a rat transplantation model. Transplantation (2001) 72:1974-1982.
    • (2001) Transplantation , vol.72 , pp. 1974-1982
    • Behrens, D.1    Lange, K.2    Fried, A.3
  • 7
    • 0029954498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recipient cells expressing single donor MHC locus products can substitute for donor-specific transfusion in the induction of transplantation tolerance when pretreatment is combined with antiCD4 monoclonal antibody
    • SAITOVITCH D, MORRIS P, WOOD K: Recipient cells expressing single donor MHC locus products can substitute for donor-specific transfusion in the induction of transplantation tolerance when pretreatment is combined with antiCD4 monoclonal antibody. Transplantation (1996) 61:1532-1538.
    • (1996) Transplantation , vol.61 , pp. 1532-1538
    • Saitovitch, D.1    Morris, P.2    Wood, K.3
  • 8
    • 0030210325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Donor-specific blood transfusion-induced tolerance in adult rats with a dominant TCR-V beta rearrangement in heart allografts
    • DOUILLARD P, PANNETIER C, JOSIEN R et al.: Donor-specific blood transfusion-induced tolerance in adult rats with a dominant TCR-V beta rearrangement in heart allografts. J. Immunol. (2002) 157(3):1250-1260.
    • (2002) J. Immunol. , vol.157 , Issue.3 , pp. 1250-1260
    • Douillard, P.1    Pannetier, C.2    Josien, R.3
  • 9
    • 0035025762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mixed chimerism and transplant tolerance
    • SYKES M: Mixed chimerism and transplant tolerance. Immunity. (2001) 14:417-424.
    • (2001) Immunity , vol.14 , pp. 417-424
    • Sykes, M.1
  • 10
    • 0032543306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of T cell costimulatory activation pathways in transplant rejection
    • SAYEGH MH, TURKA LA: The role of T cell costimulatory activation pathways in transplant rejection. N. Engl. J. Med. (1998) 338:1813-1821. Role of mixed chimaerism in induction of specific graft tolerance.
    • (1998) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.338 , pp. 1813-1821
    • Sayegh, M.H.1    Turka, L.A.2
  • 11
    • 0021251825 scopus 로고
    • Reconstitution with syngeneic plus allogeneic or xenogeneic bone marrow leads to specific acceptance of allografts or xenografts
    • ILDSTAD ST, SACHS DH: Reconstitution with syngeneic plus allogeneic or xenogeneic bone marrow leads to specific acceptance of allografts or xenografts. Nature (1984) 307:168-170.
    • (1984) Nature , vol.307 , pp. 168-170
    • Ildstad, S.T.1    Sachs, D.H.2
  • 12
    • 0035383762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hematopoietic cell transplantation in older patients with hematologic malignancies: Replacing highdose cytotoxic therapy with graft-versustumour effects
    • MCSWEENEY PA, NIEDERWIESER D, SHIZURU JA et al.: Hematopoietic cell transplantation in older patients with hematologic malignancies: replacing highdose cytotoxic therapy with graft-versustumour effects. Blood (2001) 97:3390-3400.
    • (2001) Blood , vol.97 , pp. 3390-3400
    • Mcsweeney, P.A.1    Niederwieser, D.2    Shizuru, J.A.3
  • 13
    • 0034943054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonmyeloablative hematopoietic cell transplantation: Replacing high-dose cytotoxic therapy by the graft-versus-tumour Effect
    • FEINSTEIN LYLE, SANDMAIER BREN, MALONEY DAVI et al.: Nonmyeloablative hematopoietic cell transplantation: replacing high-dose cytotoxic therapy by the graft-versus-tumour Effect. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. (2001) 938:328-339.
    • (2001) Ann. NY Acad. Sci. , vol.938 , pp. 328-339
    • Feinstein, L.1    Sandmaier, B.2    Maloney, D.3
  • 14
    • 0035353195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transient mixed hematopoietic chimerism in dogs given thymic irradiation before and pharmacologic immunosuppression after marrow transplantation
    • STORB R, SALE G, BARNETT T, YU C, ZELLMER E, LITTLE MT: Transient mixed hematopoietic chimerism in dogs given thymic irradiation before and pharmacologic immunosuppression after marrow transplantation. Blood (2001) 97:2915-2917. Induction of mixed chimaerism without the use of a toxic conditioning regimen.
    • (2001) Blood , vol.97 , pp. 2915-2917
    • Storb, R.1    Sale, G.2    Barnett, T.3    Yu, C.4    Zellmer, E.5    Little, M.T.6
  • 15
    • 0037093290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mixed chimerism and immunosuppressive withdrawal after HLA-mismatched kidney and hematopoietic progenitor transplantation
    • MILLAN M, SHIZURU J, HOFFMANN P et al.: Mixed chimerism and immunosuppressive withdrawal after HLA-mismatched kidney and hematopoietic progenitor transplantation. Transplantation (2002) 73:1386-1391. Preliminary report on an attempt to induce clinical tolerance after induction of haematopoietic mixed chimaerism without the use of a toxic conditioning regimen. Four patients who received living-related renal cardiac transplants were studied.
    • (2002) Transplantation , vol.73 , pp. 1386-1391
    • Millan, M.1    Shizuru, J.2    Hoffmann, P.3
  • 16
    • 0001642715 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative studies on tissue transplantation immunity. III. Actively acquired tolerance
    • BILLINGHAM R, BRENT L, MEDAWAR P: Quantitative studies on tissue transplantation immunity. III. Actively acquired tolerance. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. (Biol.) (1956) 239:357-412.
    • (1956) Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. (Biol.) , vol.239 , pp. 357-412
    • Billingham, R.1    Brent, L.2    Medawar, P.3
  • 18
    • 0032852141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combined histocompatibility leukocyte antigenmatched donor bone marrow and renal transplantation for multiple myeloma with end stage renal disease: The induction of allograft tolerance through mixed lymphohematopoietic chimerism
    • SPITZER TR, DELMONICO F, TOLKOFF-RUBIN N et al.: Combined histocompatibility leukocyte antigenmatched donor bone marrow and renal transplantation for multiple myeloma with end stage renal disease: the induction of allograft tolerance through mixed lymphohematopoietic chimerism. Transplantation (1999) 68:480-484.
    • (1999) Transplantation , vol.68 , pp. 480-484
    • Spitzer, T.R.1    Delmonico, F.2    Tolkoff-Rubin, N.3
  • 19
    • 0029659051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pancreatic islet allograft immunity and tolerance: The two-signal hypothesis revisited
    • GILL R, COULOMBE M, LAFFERTY K: Pancreatic islet allograft immunity and tolerance: the two-signal hypothesis revisited. Immunol. Rev. (1996) 149:75-96.
    • (1996) Immunol. Rev. , vol.149 , pp. 75-96
    • Gill, R.1    Coulombe, M.2    Lafferty, K.3
  • 20
    • 0028826268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of transplant rejection following treatment with antiB7-2 and antiB7-1 antibodies
    • LENSCHOW D, ZENG Y, HATHCOCK K et al.: Inhibition of transplant rejection following treatment with antiB7-2 and antiB7-1 antibodies. Transplantation (1997) 60:1171-1178.
    • (1997) Transplantation , vol.60 , pp. 1171-1178
    • Lenschow, D.1    Zeng, Y.2    Hathcock, K.3
  • 21
    • 0031091743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is CTLA-4 a master switch for peripheral T cell tolerance
    • BLUESTONE J: Is CTLA-4 a master switch for peripheral T cell tolerance. J. Immunol (1997) 158(5):1989-1993.
    • (1997) J. Immunol. , vol.158 , Issue.5 , pp. 1989-1993
    • Bluestone, J.1
  • 22
    • 0033822308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Knowledge about transplantation tolerance gained in primates
    • KNECHTLE SJ: Knowledge about transplantation tolerance gained in primates. Curr. Opin. Immunol (2000) 12:556.
    • (2000) Curr. Opin. Immunol. , vol.12 , pp. 556
    • Knechtle, S.J.1
  • 23
    • 0033965079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thromboembolic complications after treatment with monoclonal antibody against CD40 ligand
    • KAWAI T, ANDREWS D, COLVIN R, SACHS D, COSIMI A: Thromboembolic complications after treatment with monoclonal antibody against CD40 ligand. Nat. Med. (2000) 6:114.
    • (2000) Nat. Med. , vol.6 , pp. 114
    • Kawai, T.1    Andrews, D.2    Colvin, R.3    Sachs, D.4    Cosimi, A.5
  • 24
    • 0037080947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The CD154CD40 costimulatory pathway in transplantation
    • YAMADA A, SAYEGH M: The CD154CD40 costimulatory pathway in transplantation. Transplantation (2002) 73(Suppl. 1):S36-S39.
    • (2002) Transplantation , vol.73 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Yamada, A.1    Sayegh, M.2
  • 25
    • 0032491422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New potential for human embryonic stem cells
    • GEARHART J: New potential for human embryonic stem cells. Science (1998) 282:1064.
    • (1998) Science , vol.282 , pp. 1064
    • Gearhart, J.1
  • 26
    • 0036174166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preimplantation-stage stem cells induce long-term allogeneic graft acceptance without supplementary host conditioning
    • FÄNDRICH F, LIN X, CHAI G et al.: Preimplantation-stage stem cells induce long-term allogeneic graft acceptance without supplementary host conditioning. Nat. Med. (2002) 8:171-178. Embryonic stem cells induce mixed lymphocyte tolerance without preconditioning and subsequently tolerance to donor-type cardiac allografts.
    • (2002) Nat. Med. , vol.8 , pp. 171-178
    • Fändrich, F.1    Lin, X.2    Chai, G.3
  • 27
    • 0026755812 scopus 로고
    • Developmental failure of chimeric embryos expressing high levels of H-2Dd transplantation antigens
    • JAFFE LE, BIKOFF E: Developmental failure of chimeric embryos expressing high levels of H-2Dd transplantation antigens. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA (1992) 89(13):5927-5931.
    • (1992) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.89 , Issue.13 , pp. 5927-5931
    • Jaffe, L.E.1    Bikoff, E.2
  • 28
    • 0032491416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Embryonic stem cell lines derived from human blastocysts
    • THOMSON J, ITSKOVITZ-ELDOR J, SHAPIRO S et al.: Embryonic stem cell lines derived from human blastocysts. Science (1998) 282:1147.
    • (1998) Science , vol.282 , pp. 1147
    • Thomson, J.1    Itskovitz-Eldor, J.2    Shapiro, S.3
  • 29
    • 0037133163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Embryonic stem cells develop into functional dopaminergic neurons after transplantation in a Parkinson rat model
    • BJORKLUND M, SANCHEZPERNAUTE R, CHUNG S et al.: Embryonic stem cells develop into functional dopaminergic neurons after transplantation in a Parkinson rat model. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA (2002) 99:2344-2349. Therapeutic application of embryonic stem cells to repair damaged neural tissue.
    • (2002) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.99 , pp. 2344-2349
    • Bjorklund, M.1    Sanchezpernaute, R.2    Chung, S.3
  • 30
    • 0036468415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parthenogenetic stem cells in nonhuman primates
    • CIBELLI JB, GRANT KA, CHAPMAN KB et al.: Parthenogenetic stem cells in nonhuman primates. Science (2002) 295:819. Derivation of embryonic stem cells by parthenogenesis instead of the use of embryos.
    • (2002) Science , vol.295 , pp. 819
    • Cibelli, J.B.1    Grant, K.A.2    Chapman, K.B.3
  • 32
    • 0011280944 scopus 로고
    • Silver LM, Martin GR & Strickland S (Eds.), Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York, USA
    • ROBERTSON E, KAUFMANN M, BRADLEY A, EVANS M: In: Teratocarrinoma stem cells. Silver LM, Martin GR & Strickland S (Eds.), Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York, USA (1983):647-663.
    • (1983) Teratocarrinoma Stem Cells , pp. 647-663
    • Robertson, E.1    Kaufmann, M.2    Bradley, A.3    Evans, M.4
  • 33
    • 0029967424 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sheep cloned by nuclear transfer from a cultured cell line
    • CAMPBELL KH, MCWHIR J, RITCHIE WA, WILMUT I: Sheep cloned by nuclear transfer from a cultured cell line. Nature (1996) 380:64-66.
    • (1996) Nature , vol.380 , pp. 64-66
    • Campbell, K.H.1    Mcwhir, J.2    Ritchie, W.A.3    Wilmut, I.4
  • 34
    • 0032435392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cloning for medicine
    • WILMUT I: Cloning for medicine. Sci. Am. (1998) 279:58-63.
    • (1998) Sci. Am. , vol.279 , pp. 58-63
    • Wilmut, I.1
  • 35
    • 0033609356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of telomere lengths in cloned sheep
    • SHIELS PG, KIND AJ, CAMPBELL KH et al.: Analysis of telomere lengths in cloned sheep. Nature (1999) 399:316-317.
    • (1999) Nature , vol.399 , pp. 316-317
    • Shiels, P.G.1    Kind, A.J.2    Campbell, K.H.3
  • 36
    • 18544390839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early death of mice cloned from somatic cells
    • OGONUKI N, INOUE K, YAMAMOTO Y et al.: Early death of mice cloned from somatic cells. Nat. Genet. (2002) 30:253-254.
    • (2002) Nat. Genet. , vol.30 , pp. 253-254
    • Ogonuki, N.1    Inoue, K.2    Yamamoto, Y.3
  • 37
    • 0035816538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epigenetic instability in ES cells and cloned mice
    • HUMPHERYS D, EGGAN K, AKUTSU H et al.: Epigenetic instability in ES cells and cloned mice. Science (2001) 293:95-97.
    • (2001) Science , vol.293 , pp. 95-97
    • Humpherys, D.1    Eggan, K.2    Akutsu, H.3
  • 38
    • 0034725085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extension of cell lifespan and telomere length in animals cloned from senescent somatic cells
    • LANZA RP, CIBELLI JB, BLACKWELL C et al.: Extension of cell lifespan and telomere length in animals cloned from senescent somatic cells. Science (2000) 288:665-669.
    • (2000) Science , vol.288 , pp. 665-669
    • Lanza, R.P.1    Cibelli, J.B.2    Blackwell, C.3
  • 39
    • 0024433706 scopus 로고
    • A family of octamer-specific proteins present during mouse embryogenesis: Evidence for germline-specific expression of an Oct factor
    • SCHOLER HR, HATZOPOULOS AK, BALLING R, SUZUKI N, GRUSS P: A family of octamer-specific proteins present during mouse embryogenesis: evidence for germline-specific expression of an Oct factor. EMBO J. (1989) 8:2543-2550.
    • (1989) EMBO J. , vol.8 , pp. 2543-2550
    • Scholer, H.R.1    Hatzopoulos, A.K.2    Balling, R.3    Suzuki, N.4    Gruss, P.5
  • 40
    • 0024245022 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of pluripotential embryonic stem cell differentiation by purified polypeptides
    • SMITH AG, HEATH JK, DONALDSON DD et al.: Inhibition of pluripotential embryonic stem cell differentiation by purified polypeptides. Nature (1988) 336:688-690.
    • (1988) Nature , vol.336 , pp. 688-690
    • Smith, A.G.1    Heath, J.K.2    Donaldson, D.D.3
  • 41
    • 0024205842 scopus 로고
    • Myeloid leukaemia inhibitory factor maintains the developmental potential of embryonic stem cells
    • WILLIAMS RL, HILTON DJ, PEASE S et al.: Myeloid leukaemia inhibitory factor maintains the developmental potential of embryonic stem cells. Nature (1988) 336:684-687.
    • (1988) Nature , vol.336 , pp. 684-687
    • Williams, R.L.1    Hilton, D.J.2    Pease, S.3
  • 42
    • 0024955378 scopus 로고
    • LIF: A molecule with divergent actions on myeloid leukaemic cells and embryonic stem cells
    • GOUGH NM, WILLIAMS RL, HILTON DJ et al.: LIF: a molecule with divergent actions on myeloid leukaemic cells and embryonic stem cells. Reprod. Fertil Dev. (1989) 1:281-288.
    • (1989) Reprod. Fertil Dev. , vol.1 , pp. 281-288
    • Gough, N.M.1    Williams, R.L.2    Hilton, D.J.3
  • 43
    • 0037162551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of the expression of MHC proteins in human embryonic stem cells
    • DRUKKER M, KATZ G, URBACH A et al.: Characterization of the expression of MHC proteins in human embryonic stem cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA (2002) 99:9864-9869.
    • (2002) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.99 , pp. 9864-9869
    • Drukker, M.1    Katz, G.2    Urbach, A.3
  • 44
    • 0032491416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Embryonic stem cell lines derived from human blastocysts
    • THOMPSON J, ITSKOVITZ-ELDOR J, SHAPIRO SS et al.: Embryonic stem cell lines derived from human blastocysts. Science (1998) 282:1145-1147.
    • (1998) Science , vol.282 , pp. 1145-1147
    • Thompson, J.1    Itskovitz-Eldor, J.2    Shapiro, S.S.3
  • 45
    • 0001425158 scopus 로고
    • The theory of the free-martin
    • LILIE F: The theory of the free-martin. Science (1916) XLIII:611-613.
    • (1916) Science , vol.43 , pp. 611-613
    • Lilie, F.1
  • 46
    • 0000658958 scopus 로고
    • Immunogenetic consequences of vascular anastomoses between bovine twins
    • OWEN R: Immunogenetic consequences of vascular anastomoses between bovine twins. Science (1945) 102:400-401. Evidence of red blood cells from twin sibling in free-martin cattle.
    • (1945) Science , vol.102 , pp. 400-401
    • Owen, R.1
  • 47
    • 0034071426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation with costimulatory blockade induces macrochimerism and tolerance without cytoreductive host treatment
    • WEKERLE T, KURTZ J, ITO H: Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation with costimulatory blockade induces macrochimerism and tolerance without cytoreductive host treatment. Nat. Med. (2000) 6:464-469. Induction of mixed chimaerism using a non-myeloablative approach.
    • (2000) Nat. Med. , vol.6 , pp. 464-469
    • Wekerle, T.1    Kurtz, J.2    Ito, H.3
  • 48
    • 0033917492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mixed chimerism and tolerance without whole body irradiation in a large animal model
    • FUCHIMOTO Y, HUANG CA, YAMADA K et al.: Mixed chimerism and tolerance without whole body irradiation in a large animal model. J. Clin. Invest. (2000) 105:1779-1789.
    • (2000) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.105 , pp. 1779-1789
    • Fuchimoto, Y.1    Huang, C.A.2    Yamada, K.3
  • 49
    • 0029984782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunobiology of transplantation
    • SYKES M: Immunobiology of transplantation. FASEB J. (1996) 10:721-730.
    • (1996) FASEB J. , vol.10 , pp. 721-730
    • Sykes, M.1
  • 50
    • 0027997098 scopus 로고
    • Specific tolerance across a discordant xenogeneic transplantation barrier
    • LEE L, GRITSCH H, SERGIO J et al.: Specific tolerance across a discordant xenogeneic transplantation barrier. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA (1994) 91:10864-10867.
    • (1994) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.91 , pp. 10864-10867
    • Lee, L.1    Gritsch, H.2    Sergio, J.3
  • 51
    • 0024147379 scopus 로고
    • Multilineage 'stem' cells in the mammalian embryo
    • GARDNER R, BEDDINGTON R: Multilineage 'stem' cells in the mammalian embryo. J. Cell Sci. (1988) 10(Suppl.):11-27.
    • (1988) J. Cell Sci. , vol.10 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 11-27
    • Gardner, R.1    Beddington, R.2
  • 52
    • 0031007339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reflections on the biology of embryonic stem (ES) cells
    • GARDNER RL, BROOK FA: Reflections on the biology of embryonic stem (ES) cells. Int. J. Dev. Biol. (1997) 41:235-243.
    • (1997) Int. J. Dev. Biol. , vol.41 , pp. 235-243
    • Gardner, R.L.1    Brook, F.A.2
  • 53
    • 0019826665 scopus 로고
    • Establishment in culture of pluripotential cells from mouse embryos
    • EVANS M, KAUFMANN M: Establishment in culture of pluripotential cells from mouse embryos. Nature (1981) 292:154-156.
    • (1981) Nature , vol.292 , pp. 154-156
    • Evans, M.1    Kaufmann, M.2
  • 54
    • 0034944121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiological rationale for responsiveness of mouse embryonic stem cells to gp 130 cytokines
    • NICHOLS J, CHAMBERS I, TAGA T, SMITH A: Physiological rationale for responsiveness of mouse embryonic stem cells to gp 130 cytokines. Development (2001) 128:2333-2339.
    • (2001) Development , vol.128 , pp. 2333-2339
    • Nichols, J.1    Chambers, I.2    Taga, T.3    Smith, A.4
  • 55
    • 0021251825 scopus 로고
    • Reconstitution with syngeneic plus allogeneic or xenogeneic bone marrow leads to specific acceptance of allografts or xenografts
    • ILDSTAD ST, SACHS DH: Reconstitution with syngeneic plus allogeneic or xenogeneic bone marrow leads to specific acceptance of allografts or xenografts. Nature (1984) 307:168-170.
    • (1984) Nature , vol.307 , pp. 168-170
    • Ildstad, S.T.1    Sachs, D.H.2
  • 56
    • 0023703061 scopus 로고
    • Mixed allogeneic chimerism as an approach to transplantation tolerance
    • SYKES M, SACHS D: Mixed allogeneic chimerism as an approach to transplantation tolerance. Immunology Today (1988) 9:23-27.
    • (1988) Immunology Today , vol.9 , pp. 23-27
    • Sykes, M.1    Sachs, D.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.