Matrix-assisted laser desorption mass spectrometry

Applied Spectroscopy Reviews

Volumn 37, Issue 3, 2002, Pages 275-303

  Stump, Michael J ^a   Fleming, Richard C ^a   Gong, Wei Hong ^a   Jaber, Arwah J ^a   Jones, Jeffrey J ^a   Surber, Charles W ^a   Wilkins, Charles L ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ARKANSAS   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DESORPTION; IONIZATION; LASERS; MOLECULAR WEIGHT; POLYMERS;

BIOMOLECULES;

MASS SPECTROMETRY;

EID: 0036702752     PISSN: 05704928     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1081/ASR-120014277     Document Type: Review

References (108)

1. Karas, M.; Hillenkamp, F. Laser Desorption Ionization of Proteins with Molecular Masses Exceeding 10,000 Daltons. Anal. Chem. 1988, 60, 2299-2301.
2. Tanaka, K.; Waki, H.; Ido, Y.; Akita, S.; Yoshida, Y. Protein and Polymer Analysis up to m/z 100,000 by Laser Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 1988, 2, 151-153.
3. Yao, J.; Scott, J.R.; Young, M.K.; Wilkins, C.L. Importance of Matrix: Analyte Ratio for Buffer Tolerance Using 2,5-Dihydroxybenzoic Acid as a Matrix in Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Fourier Transform Mass Spectrometry and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time-of-Flight. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 1998, 9, 805-813.
4. Castoro, J.A.; Koster, C.; Wilkins, C. Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization of High-Mass Molecules by Fourier Transform Mass Spectrometry. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 1992, 6, 239-241.
5. Gong, W.; Elitzin, V.L.; Janardhanam, S.; Wilkins, C.L.; Fritsch, I. Effect of Laser Fluence on Laser Desorption Mass Spectra of Organothiol Self-Assembled Monolayers on Gold. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 769-770.
6. Dienes, T.; Pastor, S.J.; Schurch, S.; Scott, J.R.; Yao, J.; Cui, S.; Wilkins, C.L. Fourier Transform Mass Spectrometry-Advancing Years (1992-mid. 1996). Mass Spectrom. Rev. 1997, 15, 163-211.
7. Harvey, D.J. Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry of Carbohydrates. Mass Spectrom. Rev. 1999, 18, 349-450.
8. Hillenkamp, F.; Karas, M. Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionisation, An Experience. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 2000, 200, 71-77.
9. Zenobi, R.; Knochenmuss, R. Ion Formation in MALDI Mass Spectrometry. Mass Spectrom. Rev. 1999, 17, 337-366.
10. Breaux, G.A.; Green-Church, K.B.; France, A.; Limbach, P.A. Surfactant-Aided, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry of Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Peptides. Anal. Chem. 2000, 72, 1169-1174.
11. Keller, B.O.; Li, L. Nanoliter Solvent Extraction Combined with Microspot MALDI TOF Mass Spectrometry for the Analysis of Hydrophobic Biomolecules. Anal. Chem. 2001, 73, 2929-2936.
12. Bird, G.H.; Lajmi, A.R.; Shin, J.A. Manipulation of Temperature to Improve Solubility of Hydrophobic Proteins and Cocrystallization with Matrix for Analysis by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 2002, 74, 219-225.
13. Chait, B.T.; Wang, R.; Beavis, R.C.; Kent, S.B. Protein Ladder Sequencing. Science 1993, 262, 89-92.
14. Downard, K.M. Advances in Protein Analysis and Sequencing by Mass Spectrometry. New Adv. Anal. Chem. 2000, 2, 1-30.
15. Haddon, W.F.; McLafferty, F.W. Metastable Ion Characteristics. VII. Collision-Induced Metastables. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1968, 90, 4745-4746.
16. Jennings, K.R. Collision-Induced Decompositions of Aromatic Molecular Ions. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys. 1968, 1, 227-235.
17. Wieghaus, A.; Schmidt, L.; Popova, A.M.; Komarov, V.V.; Jungclas, H. Grazing Incidence Surface-Induced Dissociation of Protonated Peptides Generated by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 2000, 14, 1654-1661.
18. Stone, E.G.; Gillig, K.J.; Ruotolo, B.T.; Russell, D.H. Optimization of a Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Ion Mobility-Surface-Induced Dissociation-Orthogonal-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer: Simultaneous Acquisition of Multiple Correlated MS1 and MS2 Spectra. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 2001, 212, 519-533.
19. Stone, E.; Gillig, K.J.; Ruotolo, B.; Fuhrer, K.; Gonin, M.; Schultz, A.; Russell, D.H. Surface-Induced Dissociation on a MALDI-Ion Mobility-Orthogonal Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer: Sequencing Peptides from an "In-Solution" Protein Digest. Anal. Chem. 2001, 73, 2233-2238.
20. Zubarev, R.A.; Kelleher, N.L.; McLafferty, F.W. Electron Capture Dissociation of Multiply Charged Protein Cations. A Nonergodic Process. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 3265-3266.
21. Zubarev, R.A.; Budnik, B.A.; Haselmann, K.F.; Kjeldsen, F. Ion-Electron Fragmentation Reactions of Petides in Fourier Transform Mass Spectrometry, 6th European Workshop on Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry, Rolduc Monastery: Kerkrade, The Netherlands, 2001; 42.
22. Hendrickson, C.L.; Quinn, J.P.; Hakansson, K.; Marshall, A.G. Mass Selective External Ion Accumulation and Electron Capture Dissociation for FTICR Mass Spectrometry, 6th European Workshop on Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry, Rolduc Monastery, Kerkrade, The Netherlands, 2001; 43.
23. Breuker, K.; Horn, D.M.; Cerda, B.A.; McLafferty, F.W. Electron Capture Dissociation-Towards an Understanding of Gaseous Protein Ion Conformations, 6th European Workshop on Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry, Rolduc Monastery, Kerkrade, The Netherlands, 2001.
24. Bier, M.E. Analysis of Proteins by Mass Spectrometry. Modern Protein Chemistry, 2002; 71-102.
25. Jespersen, S.; Chaurand, P.; Van Strien, F.J.C.; Spengler, B.; Van der Greef, J. Direct Sequencing of Neuropeptides in Biological Tissue by MALDI-PSD Mass Spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 1999, 71, 660-666.
26. Gevaert, K.; Demol, H.; Martens, L.; Hoorelbeke, B.; Puype, M.; Goethals, M.; Van Damme, J.; De Boeck, S.; Vandekerckhove, J. Protein Identification Based on Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Post Source Decay Mass Spectrometry. Electrophoresis 2001, 22, 1645-1651.
27. Epstein, L.B.; Smith, D.M.; Matsui, N.M.; Tran, H.M.; Sullivan, C.; Raineri, I.; Burlingame, A.L.; Clauser, K.R.; Hall, S.C.; Andrews, L.E. Identification of Cytokine-Regulated Proteins in Normal and Malignant Cells by the Combination of Two-Dimensional Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis, Mass Spectrometry, Edman Degradation and Immunoblotting and Approaches to the Analysis of Their Functional Roles. Electrophoresis 1996, 17, 1655-1670.
28. Purcell, A.W.; Gorman, J.J.; Garcia-Peydro, M.; Paradela, A.; Burrows, S.R.; Talbo, G.H.; Laham, N.; Peh, C.A.; Reynolds, E.C.; Castro, J.A. Quantitative and Qualitative Influence of Tapasin on the Class I Peptide Repertoire. J. Immunol. 2001, 166, 1016-1027.
29. Shevchenko, A.; Sunyaev, S.; Loboda, A.; Shevchenko, A.; Bork, P.; Ens, W.; Standing, K.G. Charting the Proteomes of Organisms with Unsequenced Genomes by MALDI-Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry and BLAST Homology Searching. Anal. Chem. 2001, 73, 1917-1926.
30. Mirgorodskaya, O.A.; Kozmin, Y.P.; Titov, M.I.; Korner, R.; Sonksen, C.P.; Roepstorff, P. Quantitation of Peptides and Proteins by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry Using 180-Labeled Internal Standards. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 2000, 14, 1226-1232.
31. Kuester, B.; Mann, M. 18O-Labeling of N-Glycosylation Sites to Improve the Identification of Gel-Separated Glycoproteins Using Peptide Mass Mapping and Database Searching. Anal. Chem. 1999, 71, 1431-1440.
32. Gao, J.; Tsugita, A.; Takayama, M.; Xu, L. A Programmable Fragmentation Analysis of Proteins by In-Source Decay in MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 2002, 74, 1449-1457.
33. Reiber, D.C.; Grover, T.A.; Brown, R.S. Identifying Proteins Using Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization In-source Fragmentation Data Combined with Database Searching. Anal. Chem. 1998, 70, 673-683.
34. Bonewald, L.F.; Bibbs, L.; Kates, S.A.; Khatri, A.; McMurray, J.S.; Medzihradszky, K.F.; Weintraub, S.T. Study on the Synthesis and Characterization of Peptides Containing Phosphorylated Tyrosine. J. Pept. Res. 1999, 53, 161-169.
35. De Corte, V.; Demol, H.; Goethals, M.; Van Damme, J.; Gettemans, J.; Vandekerckhove, J. Identification of Tyr438 as the Major In Vitro c-Src 26 Phosphorylation Site in Human Gelsolin: A Mass Spectrometric Approach. Protein Sci. 1999, 8, 234-241.
36. Talbo, G.H.; Suckau, D.; Malkoski, M.; Reynolds, E.C. MALDI-PSD-MS Analysis of the Phosphorylation Sites of Caseinomacropeptide. Pept. 2001, 22, 1093-1098.
37. Schnaible, V.; Wefing, S.; Buecker, A.; Wolf-Kuemmeth, S.; Hoffmann, D. Partial Reduction and Two-Step Modification of Proteins for Identification of Disulfide Bonds. Anal. Chem. 2002, 74, 2386-2393.
38. Mhatre, R.; Woodard, J.; Zeng, C. Strategies for Locating Disulfide Bonds in a Monoclonal Antibody via Mass Spectrometry. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 1999, 13, 2503-2510.
39. Happersberger, H.P.; Bantscheff, M.; Barbirz, S.; Glocker, M.O. Multiple and Subsequent MALDI-MS on Target Chemical Reactions for the Characterization of Disulfide Bonds and Primary Sructures of Proteins. Methods Mol. Biol. 2000, 146, 167-184.
40. Belva, H.; Valois, C.; Lange, C. Determination of Disulfide Bonds in Highly Bridged α-Dendrotoxin by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/ Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 2000, 14, 224-229.
41. Stryer, L. Biochemistry, 2nd Ed.; W.H. Freeman and Company: San Francisco, 1981.
42. Mirgorodskaya, E.; Krogh, T.N.; Roepstorff, P. Characterization of Protein Glycosylation by MALDI-TOF MS. Methods Mol. Biol. 2000, 146, 273-292.
43. Goletz, S.; Thiede, B.; Hanisch, F.G.; Schultz, M.; Peter-Katalinic, J.; Muller, S.A. Sequencing Strategy for the Localization of O-glycosylation Sites of MUCI Tandem Repeats by PSD-MALDI Mass Spectrometry. Glycobiology 1997, 7, 881-896.
44. Farmer, T.B.; Caprioli, R.M. Determination of Protein-Protein Interactions by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry. J. Mass Spectrom. 1998, 33, 697-704.
45. Masselon, C.; Salih, B.; Zenobi, R. Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/ Ionization Fourier Transform Mass Spectrometry of Luteinizing Hormone Releasing Hormone-Metal Complexes. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 1998, 10, 19-26.
46. Vogl, T.; Roth, J.; Sorg, C.; Hillenkamp, F.; Strupat, K. Calcium-Induced Noncovalently Linked Tetramers of MRP8 and MRP14 Detected by Ultraviolet Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/ Ionization Mass Spectrometry. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 1999, 10, 1124-1130.
47. Salih, B.; Masselon, C.; Zenobi, R. Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/ Ionization Mass Spectrometry of Noncovalent Protein-Transition Metal Ion Complexes. J. Mass Spectrom. 1998, 33, 994-1002.
48. Friess, S.D.; Zenobi, R. Protein Structure Information from Mass Spectrometry? Selective Titration of Arginine Residues by Sulfonates. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 2001, 12, 810-818.
49. Chen, C.H.; Golovlev, V.V.; Taranenko, N.I.; Allman, S.L.; Isola, N.R.; Potter, N.T.; Matteson, K.J.; Chang, L.Y. Laser Desorption Mass Spectrometry for High Throughput DNA Analysis and Its Applications. Proceedings: Advances in Fluorescence Sensing Technology IV 1999, 3602, 338-345.
50. Koomen, J.M.; Russell, W.K.; Tichy, S.E.; Russell, D.H. Accurate Mass Measurement of DNA Oligonucleotide Ions Using High-Resolution Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. J. Mass Spectrom. 2002, 37, 357-371.
51. Garcia, B.A.; Heaney, P.J.; Tang, K. Improvement of the MALDI-TOF Analysis of DNA with Thin-Layer Matrix Preparation: Anal. Chem. 2002, 74, 2083-2091.
52. Taranenko, N.I.; Potter, N.T.; Allman, S.L.; Golovlev, V.V.; Chen, C.H. Detection of Trinucleotide Expansion in Neurodegenerative Disease by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. Genet. Anal. 1999, 15, 25-31.
53. Chen, D. Analytical Chemistry in Antisense Oligonucleotide Drug Development. Frontiers Biotechnol. Pharma. 2001, 2, 202-224.
54. Jurinke, C.; Van Den Boom, D.; Cantor, C.R.; Koster, H. Automated Genotyping Using the DNA Mass Array Technology. Methods Mol. Biol. 2002, 187, 179-192.
55. Muller, S.; Van Den Boom, D.; Zirkel, D.; Koster, H.; Berthold, F.; Schwab, M.; Westphal, M.; Zumkeller, W. Retention of Imprinting of the Human Apoptosis-Related Gene TSSC3 in Human Brain Tumors. Hum. Mol. Genet. 2000, 9, 757-763.
56. Ross, P.; Hall, L.; Smirnov, I.P.; Haff, L. High Level Multiplex Genotyping by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry. Nat. Biotechnol. 1998, 16, 1347-1351.
57. Sun, X.; Ding, H.; Guo, B. A New MALDI-TOF Based Mini-Sequencing Assay for Genotyping of SNPS. Nucleic Acid Res. 2000, 28, e68.
58. Paracchini, S.; Arredi, B.; Chalk, R.; Tyler-Smith, C. Hierarchical High-Throughput SNP Genotyping of the Human Y Chromosome Using MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry. Nucleic Acid Res. 2002, 30, e27/1-e27/6.
59. Lyamichev, V.; Mast, A.L.; Hall, J.G.; Prudent, J.R.; Kaiser, M.W.; Takova, T.; Kwiatkowski, R.W.; Sander, T.J.; de Arruda, M.; Arco, D.A.; Neri, B.P.; Brow, M.A. Polymorphism Identification and Quantitative Detection of Genomic DNA by Invasive Cleavage of Oligonucleotide Probes. Nat. Biotechnol. 1999, 17, 292-296.
60. Yoo, B.C.; Fountoulakis, M.; Cairns, N.; Lubec, G. Changes of Voltage-Dependent Anion-Selective Channel Proteins VDAC1 and VDAC2 Brain Levels in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease and Down Syndrome. Electrophoresis 2001, 22, 172-179.
61. Lapolla, A.; Fedele, D.; Traldi, P. Diabetes and Mass Spectrometry. Diabetes Metab. Res. Rev. 2001, 17, 99-112.
62. Gygi, S.P.; Rist, B.; Gerber, S.A.; Turecek, F.; Gelb, M.H.; Aebersold, R. Quantitative Analysis of Complex Protein Mixtures Using Isotope-Coded Affinity Tags. Nat. Biotechnol. 1999, 17, 994-999.
63. Griffin, T.J.; Gygi, S.P.; Rist, B.; Aebersold, R.; Loboda, A.; Jilkine, A.; Ens, W.; Standing, K.G. Quantitative Proteomic Analysis Using a MALDI Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer. Anal. Chem. 2001, 73, 978-986.
64. Ho, Y.; Gruhler, A.; Heilbut, A.; Bader, G.D.; Moore, L.; Adams, S.L.; Millar, A.; Taylor, P.; Bennett, K.; Boutilier, K.; Yang, L.Y.; Wolting, C.; Donaldson, I.; Schandorff, S.; Shewnarane, J.; Vo, M.; Taggart, J.; Goudreault, M.; Muskat, B.; Alfarano, C.; Dewar, D.; Lin. Z.; Michalickova, K.; Willems, A.R.; Sassi, H.; Nielsen, P.A.; Rasmussen, K.J.; Andersen, J.R.; Johansen, L.E.; Hansen, L.H.; Jespersen, H.; Podtelejnikov, A.; Nielsen, E.; Crawford, J.; Poulsen, V.; Sorensen, B.D.; Matthiesen, J.; Hendrickson, R.C.; Gleeson, F.; Pawson, T.; Moran, M.F.; Durocher, D.; Mann, M.; Hogue, C.W.V.; Figeys, D.; Tyers, M. Systematic Identification of Protein Complexes in Saccharomyces Cervisiae by Mass Spectrometry. Nature 2002, 415, 180-183.
65. Van Baar, B.L.M. Characterization of Bacteria by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionisation and Electrospray Mass Spectrometry. FEMS Microbiology Reviews 2000, 24, 193-219.
66. Lay, J.O. MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry of Bacteria. Mass Spectrom. Rev. 2001, 20, 172-194.
67. Fenselau, C.; Demirev, P.A. Characterization of Intact Microorganisms by MALDI Mass Spectrometry. Mass Spectrom. Rev. 2001, 20, 157-171.
68. Wall, D.B.; Lubman, D.M.; Flynn, S.J. Rapid Profiling of Induced Proteins in Bacteria Using MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometric Detection of Nonporous RP HPLC-Separated Whole Cell Lysates. Anal. Chem. 1999, 71, 3894-3900.
69. Easterling, M.L.; Colangelo, C.M.; Scott, R.A.; Amster, I. Monitoring Protein Expression in Whole Bacterial Cells with MALDI Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 1998, 70, 2704-2709.
70. Arnold, R.J.; Karty, J.A.; Ellington, A.D.; Reilly, J.P. Monitoring the Growth of a Bacteria Culture by MALDI-MS of Whole Cells. Anal. Chem. 1999, 71, 1990-1996.
71. Demirev, P.A.; Ho, Y.P.; Ryzhov, V.; Fenselau, C. Microorganism Identification by Mass Spectrometry and Protein Database Searches. Anal. Chem. 1999, 71, 2732-2738.
72. Holland, R.D.; Duffy, C.R.; Rafii, F.; Sutherland, J.B.; Heinze, T.M.; Holder, C.L.; Voorhees, K.J.; Lay, J.O. Identification of Bacterial Proteins Observed in MALDI TOF Mass Spectra from Whole Cells. Anal. Chem. 1999, 71, 3226-3230.
73. Ryzhov, V.; Fenselau, C. Characterization of the Protein Subset Desorbed by MALDI from Whole Bacterial Cells. Anal. Chem. 2001, 73, 746-750.
74. Houston, C.T.; Reilly, J.P. Toward a Simple, Expedient, and Complete Analysis of Human Hemoglobin by MALDI-TOFMS. Anal. Chem. 1999, 71, 3397-3404.
75. Belgrader, P. DNA Typing of Human Leukocyte Antigen Sequence Polymorphisms by Peptide Nucleic Acid Probes and MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 1997, 69, 4894-4898.
76. Li, L.; Garden, R.W.; Romanova, E.V.; Sweedler, J.V. In Situ Sequencing of Peptides from Biological Tissues and Single Cells Using MALDI-PSD/CID Analysis. Anal. Chem. 1999, 71, 5451-5458.
77. Chaurand, P.; Stoeckli, M.; Caprioli, R.M. Direct Profiling of Proteins in Biological Tissue Sections by MALDI Mass Spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 1999, 71, 5263-5270.
78. Hunsucker, S.W.; Watson, R.C.; Tissue, B.M. Characterization of Inorganic Coordination Complexes by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 2001, 15, 1334-1340.
79. Valerio, C.; Moulines, F.; Ruiz, J.; Blais, J.; Astruc, D. Regioselective Chlorocarbonylation of Polybenzyl Cores and Functionalization Using Dendritic and Organometallic Nucleophiles. J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 1996-2002.
80. Ruiz, J.; Alonso, E.; Blais, J.; Astruc, D. Hydrosilylation of an Hexa-Olefin Star with Organometallic Hydrogenosilanes: Ferrocenylsilyation and Desilylenation. J. Organomet. Chem. 1999, 582, 139-141.
81. Siemsen, P.; Gubler, U.; Bosshard, C.; Gunter, P.; Diederich, F. Pt-Tetraethynylethene Molecular Scaffolding: Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Class of Organometallic Molecular Rods. Chem. A Eur. J. 2001, 7, 1333-1341.
82. Salmain, M.; Blais, J.; Tran-Huy, H.; Compain, C.; Jaouen, G. Reaction of Hen Egg White Lysozyme with Fischer-Type Metallocarbene Complexes: Characterization of the Conjugates and Determination of the Metal Complex Binding Sites. Eur. J. Biochem. 2001, 268, 5479-5487.
83. Kinumi, T.; Saisu, T.; Takayama, M.; Niwa, H. Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry Using an Inorganic Particle Matrix for Small Molecule Analysis. J. Mass Spectrom. 2000, 35, 417-422.
84. Zhang, Q.; Zou, H.; Guo, Z.; Zhang, Q.; Chen, X.; Ni, J. Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry Using Porous Silicon and Silica Gel as Matrix. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 2001, 15, 217-223.
85. Streletskiy, A.V.; Kouvitchko, I.V.; Esipov, S.E.; Boltanlina, O.V. Application of Sulfur as a Matrix for Laser Desorption/Ionization in the Characterization of Haolgenated Fullerenes. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 2002, 16, 99-102.
86. Brown, T.; Clipston, N.L.; Simjee, N.; Luftmann, H.; Hungerbuhler, H.; Drewello, T. Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization of Amphiphillic Fullerene Derivatives. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes 2001, 210/211, 249-263.
87. Rogner, I.; Birkett, P.; Campbell, E.E.B. Hydrogenated and Chlorinated Fullerenes Detected by "Cooled" Modified Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption and Ionization Mass Spectroscopy (MALDI-MS). Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Proc. 1996, 156, 103-108.
88. Yoshimura, K.; Przybilla, L.; Ito, S.; Brand, J.D.; Wehmeir, M.; Raeder, H.J.; Muellen, K. Characterization of Large Synthetic Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by MALDI- and LD-TOF Mass Spectrometry. Macromol. Chem. Phys. 2001, 202, 215-222.
89. Przybilla, L.; Brand, J.D.; Yoshimura, K.; Raeder, H.J.; Muellen, K. MALDI-TOF Mass Spectroscopy of Insoluble Giant Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by a New Method of Sample Preparation. Anal. Chem. 2000, 72, 4591-4597.
90. Fukuo, T.; Monjushiro, H.; Hong, H.G.; Haga, M.A.; Arakawa, R. Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectroscopy of Self-Assembled Monolayers of Ruthenium Complexes on Gold. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 2000, 14, 1301-1306.
91. Brockman, A.H.; Dodd, B.S.; Orlando, R. A Desalting Approach for MALDI-MS Using On-Probe Hydrophobic Self-Assembled Monolayers. Anal. Chem. 1997, 69, 4716-4720.
92. Henke, C.; Steinem, C.; Janshoff, A.; Steffan, G.; Luftmann, H.; Sieber, M.; Galla, H.J. Self-Assembled Monolayers of Monofunctionalized Cyclodextrins onto Gold: A Mass Spectrometric Characterization and Impedance Analysis of Host-Guest Interaction. Anal. Chem. 1996, 68.
93. Ji, H.; Sato, N.; Nakamura, Y.; Wan, Y.; Howell, A.; Thomas, Q.A.; Storey, R.F.; Nonidez, W.K.; Mays, J.W. Characterization of Polyisobutylene by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. Macromolecules 2002, 35, 1196-1199.
94. Nonami, H.; Wu, F.; Thummel, R.P.; Fukuyama, Y.; Yamaoka, H.; Erra-Balsells, R. Evaluation of Pyridoindoles, Pyridylindoles, and Pyridylpyridoindoles as Matrices for Ultraviolet Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 2001, 15, 2354-2373.
95. Puglisi, C.; Samperi, F.; Alicata, R.; Montaudo, G. End-Groups-Dependent MALDI Spectra of Polymer Mixtures. Macromolecules 2002, 35, 3000-3007.
96. Tatro, S.R.; Baker, G.R.; Fleming, R.; Harmon, J.P. Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization (MALDI) Mass Spectrometry: Determining Mark-Houwink-Sakurada Parameters and Analyzing the Breadth of Polymer Molecular Weight Distributions. Polymer 2002, 43, 2329-2335.
97. Trimpin, S.; Eichhorn, P.; Rader, H.J.; Mullen, K.; Knepper, T.P. Recalcitrance of Poly(Vinylpyrrolidone): Evidence Through Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. A 2001, 938, 67-77.
98. Rader, H.J.; Schrepp, W. MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry in the Analysis of Synthetic Polymers. Acta Polym. 1998, 49, 272-293.
99. Nielen, M.W.F. MALDI Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry of Synthetic Polymers. Mass Spectrom. Rev. 1999, 18, 309-344.
100. Hanton, S.D. Mass Spectrometry of Polymers and Polymers Surfaces. Chem. Rev. 2001, 101, 527-569.
101. Wilkins, C.L. Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Polymers. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2000, 817-827.
102. Van der Hage, E.R.E.; Duursma, M.C.; Heeren, R.M.A.; Boon, J.J.; Nielen, M.W.F.; Weber, A.J.M.; De Koster, C.G.; De Varies, N.K. Structural Analysis of Polyoxyalkyleneamines by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization on an External Ion Source FT-ICR-MS and NMR. Macromolecules 1997, 30, 4302-4309.
103. Van Rooij, G.J.; Duursma, M.C.; De Koster, C.G.; Heeren, R.M.A.; Boon, J.J. Determination of Block Length Distribution of Poly(oxypropylene) and Poly(oxyethylene) Block Copolymers by MALDI-FTICR Mass Spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 1998, 70, 843-850.
104. Wilczek-Vera, G.; Yu, Y.; Waddell, K.; Danis, P.O.; Eisenberg, A. Detailed Structural Analysis of Diblock Copolymers by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 1999, 13, 764-777.
105. Polce, M.J.; Klein, D.J.; Harris, F.W.; Modarelli, D.A.; Wesdemiotis, C. Structural Characterization of Quinoxaline Homopolymers and Quinoxaline/Ether Sulfone Copolymers by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 2001, 73, 1948-1958.
106. Gallet, G.; Carroccio, S.; Rizzarelli, P.; Karlsson, S. Thermal Degradation of Poly(Ethylene Oxide-Propylene Oxide-Ethylene Oxide) Triblock Copolymer: Comparative Study by SEC/NMR, SEC/MALDI-TOF-MS and SPME/GC-MS. Polymer 2001, 43, 1081-1094.
107. Yang, J.; Nonidez, W.K.; Mays, J.W. MALDI/TOF/MS as a Method for Characterizing Micelle-Forming Polymers: a MALDI/TOF/MS Study of Amphiphilic Diblock Copolymers Based on Sulfonated Polystyrene. Int. J. Polymer Analysis Characterization 2001, 6, 547-563.
108. Montaudo, M.S.; Samperi, F. Detemination of Sequence and Composition in Poly(Butyleneadipate-co-Butyleneterepthalate) by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. Eur. Mass Spectrom. 1998, 4, 459-465.