Stage-specific mechanisms contribute to the multiple sclerosis plaque

NeuroScience News

Volumn 4, Issue 4-5, 2001, Pages 11-24

  Raine, Cedric S ^a  

^a ALBERT EINSTEIN COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Autoimmunity; Axonal pathology; Classification; Complement; Glutamate; Immunoglobulin; Multiple sclerosis; Neuropathology

Indexed keywords

AUTOIMMUNITY; DEMYELINATION; HUMAN; INFLAMMATION; MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS; MYELIN SHEATH; NERVE FIBER DEGENERATION; PATHOGENESIS; PHAGOCYTE; REVIEW; T LYMPHOCYTE;

EID: 0035757923     PISSN: 10276599     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (53)

1. Martin R, Gran B, Zhao Y, Markovic-Plese S, Bielekova B, Marques A, et al. Molecular mimicry and antigen-specific T cell responses in multiple sclerosis and chronic CNS Lyme disease. J. Autoimm. 2001;16:187-92.
2. Xiao B, Link H. Antigen specific T cells in autoimmune disease with a focus on multiple sclerosis and experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 1999;56:5-21.
3. Wucherpfennig K. Structural basis of molecular mimicry. J. Autoimm. 2001;16:293-302.
4. Cross AH, Tuohy VK, Raine CS. Development of reactivity to new myelin antigens during chronic relapsing autoimmune demyelination. Cell. Immunol. 1993;146:261-9.
5. Voskuhl R, Fallis R, Nagasato K, McFarland H, Dubois-Dalcq M. Epitope spreading occurs in active but not passive EAE induced by myelin basic protein. J. Neuroimmunol. 1996;70:103-111.
6. Lassmann H, Raine CS, Antel J, Prineas J. Immunopathology of multiple sclerosis: report on an international meeting held at the Institute of Neurology of the University of Vienna. J. Neuroimmunol. 1998;86:213-17.
7. Bruck W, Schmied M, Suchanek G, Bruck Y, Breitschopf H, Poser S, et al. Oligodendrocytes in the early course of multiple sclerosis. Ann. Neurol. 1994;35:65-73.
8. Lucchinetti CF, Bruck W, Rodriguez M, Lassmann H. Distinct patterns of multiple sclerosis pathology indicates heterogeneity of pathogenesis. Brain Path. 1996;6:259-274.
9. Lucchinetti CF, Bruck W, Rodriguez M, Lassmann H. Multiple sclerosis: lessons from neuropathology. Semin. Neurol. 1998;18:337-49.
10. Lucchinetti C, Bruck W, Parisi J, Scheithauer B, Rodriguez M, Lassmann H. A quantitative analysis of oligodendrocytes in multiple sclerosis lesions: a study of 113 cases. Brain 1999;122:2279-95.
11. Lucchinetti C, Bruck W, Parisi J, Scheithauer B, Rodriguez M, Lassmann H. Heterogeneity of multiple sclerosis lesions: implications for the pathogenesis of demyelination. Ann. Neurol. 2000, 47:707-17.
12. th ed. London:Arnold Publishers; 1997. pp. 813-96.
13. rd ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 1997. pp. 243-87.
14. Raine CS. The lesion in multiple sclerosis and chronic relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis - a structural comparison. In: Raine CS, McFarland HF, Tourtellotte W, editors. Multiple Sclerosis: Clinical and pathogenic basis. London: Chapman and Hall; 1997. pp. 243-86.
15. Marburg O. Die sogenannte "akute multiple sklerose" (Encephalomyelitis periaxialis scleroticans). Jahrb. Psychiatr. Neurol. 1906;27:211-312.
16. Lee SC, Moore GRW, Golenwsky G, Raine CS. A role for astroglia in active demyelination suggested by class II MHC expression and ultrastructural study. J. Neuropath. Exp. Neurol. 1990;49:122-36.
17. Katz D, Taubenberger JK, Cannella B, McFarlin DE, Raine CS, McFarland HF. Correlation between MRI findings and lesion development in chronic active multiple sclerosis. Ann. Neurol. 1993;34:661-69.
18. Prineas JW, Barnard RO, Kwon EE, Sharer LR, Cho ES. Multiple sclerosis: Remyelination of nascent lesions. Ann. Neurol. 1993;33:137-151.
19. Raine CS, Wu E. Multiple sclerosis: Remyelination in acute lesions. J. Neuropath. Exp. Neurol. 1993;52:199-205.
20. Trapp B, Peterson J, Ransohoff RM, Rudick R, Mork S, Bo L. Axonal transection in the lesions of multiple sclerosis. New Eng. J. Med. 1998;338:323-25.
21. Prineas JW, Connell F. The fine structure of chronically active multiple sclerosis plaques. Neurology 1978;28:68-75.
22. Raine CS, Scheinberg LC, Waltz JM. Multiple sclerosis: Oligodendrocyte survival and proliferation in an active, established lesion. Lab. Invest. 1981;45:534-46.
23. Prineas JW, Barnard RO, Ervesz T, Kwon EE, Sharer L, Cho ES. Multiple sclerosis: pathology of recurrent lesions. Brain 1993;116:681-93.
24. Prineas JW, Kwon EE, Cho E-S, Sharer LR, Barnett MH, Oleszak EL, Hoffman B, Morgan BP. Immunopathology of secondary-progressive multiple sclerosis. 2001;50:646-57.
25. Peterson JW, Bö L, Mork S, Chang A, Trapp BD. Transected neurites, apoptotic neurons and reduced inflammation in cortical multiple sclerosis lesions. Ann. Neurol. 2001;50:389-400.
26. Dawson JW. The histology of disseminated sclerosis. Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh 1916;50:517-740.
27. Bornstein MB. A tissue culture approach to demyelinative disorders. Nat. Cancer Inst. 1963 Monogr. 11:197-214.
28. Bornstein MB, Raine CS. Multiple sclerosis and experimental allergic encephalomyelitis: Specific demyelination in vitro. Neuropath. App. Neurobiol. 1977;3:359-69.
29. Bornstein MB, Appel SH. The application of tissue culture to the study of experimental "allergic" encephalomyelitis. I. Patterns of demyelination. J. Neuropath. Exp. Neurol. 1961;20:141-57.
30. Appel SH, Bornstein MB. The application of tissue culture to the study of experimental "allergic" encephalomyelitis. II Serum factors responsible for demyelination. J. Exp. Med. 1964;119:303-12.
31. Raine CS, Hummelgard A, Swanson E, Bornstein MB. Multiple sclerosis: serum-induced demyelination in vitro. A light and electron microscope study. J. Neurol. Sci. 1973;20:127-48.
32. Raine CS, Bornstein MB. Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis: an ultrastructural study of demyelination in vitro. J. Neuropath. Exp. Neurol. 1970;29:177-91.
33. Raine CS, Johnson AB, Marcus D, Suzuki A, Bornstein MB. Demyelination in vitro: Absorption studies demonstrate that galactocerebroside is a major target. J. Neurol. Sci. 1981;52:117-31.
34. Brosnan CF, Traugott U, Raine CS. Analysis of humoral and cellular events and the role of lipid haptens during CNS demyelination. Acta Neuropath. (Berlin) 1983;160:Supp.9, 59-70.
35. Kabat EA, Freedman DA, Murray JP, Kraub V. A study of the crystalline albumin, gammaglobulin and total protein in the cerebrospinal fluid of one hundred cases of multiple sclerosis and in other diseases. Am. J. Med. Sci. 1950;219:55-64.
36. Tourtellotte WW, Tumani H. Multiple sclerosis and cerebrospinal fluid. In: Raine CS, McFarland HF, Tourtellotte WW, editors. Multiple sclerosis: Clinical and pathogenetic basis. London:Chapman and Hall; 1997, pp. 57-80.
37. Esiri MM. Immunoglobulin-containing cells in multiple sclerosis plaques. Lancet 1977;2:478-80.
38. Prineas JW, Raine CS. Electron microscopy and immunoperoxidase studies of early multiple sclerosis lesions. Neurology 1976;26:29-32.
39. Esiri MM, Taylor CR, Mason DY. Application of an immunoperoxidase method to a study of the central nervous system: Preliminary findings in a study of human formalin-fixed material. Neuropath. Appl. Neurobiol. 1976;2:233-46.
40. Lumsden CE. The immunogenesis of the multiple sclerosis plaque. Brain Res. 1971;28:365-90.
41. Prineas JW, Graham JS. Multiple sclerosis: Capping of the surface immunoglobulin G on macrophages in myelin breakdown. Ann. Neurol. 1981;10:149-58.
42. Epstein LG, Prineas JW, Raine CS. Attachment of myelin to coated pits on macrophages in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. J. Neurol. Sci. 1983;61:341-48.
43. Moore GRW, Raine CS. Immunogold localization and analysis of IgG in acute experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. Lab. Invest. 1988;59:641-48.
44. Genain CP, Cannella B, Hauser SL, Raine CS. Identification of autoantibodies associated with myelin damage in multiple sclerosis. Nature Med. 1999;5:170-75.
45. Genain, CP, Abel K, Belmar N, Villinger F, Rosenberg DP, Linington C, et al. Late complications of immune deviation therapy in a nonhuman primate. Science 1996;274:2054-57.
46. Genain CP, Nguyen MH, Letvin NL, Pearl R, Davis RL, Adelman M, et al. Antibody facilitation of multiple sclerosis-like lesions in a non-human primate. J. Clin. Invest. 1995;96:2966-74.
47. Raine CS, Cannella B, Hauser SL, Genain CP. Demyelination in primate autoimmune encephalomyelitis and acute multiple sclerosis lesions: a case for antigen-specific antibody mediation. Ann. Neurol. 1999;46:144-60.
48. Dal Canto M, Wisniewski HM, Johnson AB, Brostoff SW, Raine CS. Vesicular disruption of myelin in autoimmune demyelination. J. Neurol. Sci. 1975;24:313-19.
49. Raine CS, Bornstein MB. Experimental allergic neuritis: Ultrastructure of serum-induced myelin observations in PNS cultures. Lab. Invest. 1979;40:423-32.
50. Seil FJ, Falk GA, Kies MW, Alvord EC. The demyelinating activity of sera from guinea pigs sensitized with whole CNS and with purified encephalitogen. Exp. Neurol. 1968;22:545-55.
51. Gerritse K, Deen C, Fasbender M, Ravid R, Boersma W, Claassen E. The involvement of specific anti-myelin basic protein antibody-forming cells in multiple sclerosis immunopathology. J. Neuroimmunol. 1994;49:153-59.
52. Brosnan CF, Raine CS. Mechanisms of immune injury in multiple sclerosis. Brain Path. 1996;6:243-57.
53. Compston DA, Scolding N, Wren D, Noble M. The pathogenesis of demyelinating disease: insights from cell biology. Trends