DNA-directed assembly of gold nanowires on complementary surfaces

Advanced Materials

Volumn 13, Issue 4, 2001, Pages 249-254

  Mbindyo, Jeremiah K N ^a   Reiss, Brian D ^a   Martin, Benjamin R ^a   Keating, Christine D ^a   Natan, Michael J ^a   Mallouk, Thomas E ^a  

^a PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; ADSORPTION; DNA; FLUORESCENCE; GOLD; MONOLAYERS; OLIGOMERS; SELF ASSEMBLY;

GOLD NANOWIRES;

NANOTECHNOLOGY;

EID: 0035250210     PISSN: 09359648     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/1521-4095(200102)13:4<249::AID-ADMA249>3.0.CO;2-9     Document Type: Article

References (31)

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13. 0.5 mL of a suspension of nanowires in buffer was centrifuged for 30 s, and the supernatant removed, 0.3 mL of 5 μM solution of DNA modified with tetramethylrhodamine (TAMRA) was added and the mixture constantly agitated in a slowly turning rotator of an hybridization bath (Boekel Industries). After 3 h, the suspension was centrifuged to separate the rods, and the supernatant removed for fluorescence emission spectroscopy measurements. The rods were washed 5 times with 0.3 mL buffer and the solution recovered by centrifuging after each wash. They were then imaged under a fluorescence microscope.
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23. To determine the hybridization efficiency, DNA II or DNA IV was first adsorbed on Au nanowires by adding 30 μL of 5 μM DNA solution to 50 μL of the nanowire suspension in 10 mM phosphate buffer, pH 7.0, containing 0.3 M NaCl. The mixture was agitated occasionally by tapping on the vial, and after 3 h the nanowires were separated by centrifuging. At the same time, control experiments were carried out without rods to correct for DNA losses not resulting from adsorption to the nanoparticles. The amount of DNA was quantified from the difference between the absorbances at 260 nm of these control samples and the experimental samples. This procedure proved to be critical for obtaining reproducible results. To investigate hybridization to surface-bound oligomers, the DNA-modified nanowires were then washed with 200 μL buffer and treated with 30 μL of 5 μM DNA V, which is complementary to DNA II but not DNA IV. After 18 h the suspension was centrifuged and the amount of DNA in the supernatant determined using absorbance spectroscopy.
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27. Planar Au samples (0.5 cm × 1.0 cm Au coated glass slides) were cleaned in piranha solution, a 3:1 vol/vol mixture of sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide (caution: reacts violently with organic materials) and mounted in a small solution cell. The cell was made of a 1 cm × 1 cm rubber gasket (McMaster Carr, OH) with 5 mm diameter holes drilled into it, and mounted on a glass slide with epoxy. The Au surface was clamped onto the gasket with paper clips, leaving a 100 μL void space between the glass and the Au surface. Solutions were introduced into the cell using a hypodermic syringe. The Au surfaces were derivatized for 3 h with a 5 μM solution of DNA. They were rinsed with deionized water, then derivatized for 1 h with 1 mM mercaptohexanol. 100 μL of a suspension of DNA derivatized nanowires in buffer was introduced into the cell which was then mounted on a hybridization bath rotator for 14 h with the rotator turning at 7 rpm. The Au substrate was then rinsed with a gentle stream of either water or buffer solution. No significant differences in coverage were observed when the samples were rinsed in pure water or buffer (0.3 M NaCl, 0.01 M phosphate). However, a uniform rinsing procedure was critical for attaining reproducible results. To investigate complementary binding, the nanowires were derivatized with one type of sequence (II or IV), and the substrate with the complementary sequence. In control experiments, the nanowires and surface were derivatized with the same type of DNA. Hybridizations were done either at 25°C, or by first bringing the temperature of the water bath to 60°C then allowing it to cool gently to room temperature. Similar results were obtained with both procedures.
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